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Tytuł:
An optoelectronic system for controlling a direct current motor. Part 1: Electrical and electronic design
Autorzy:
Syroka, Zenon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203614.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
digital control
motor controller
electric and hybrid vehicles
microcontroller
Opis:
An optoelectronic system for controlling a direct current (DC) motor is presented in Part 1 of the article. The software for the designed motor is described in Part 2. A system for processing data from an infrared transmitter was built. The project was upgraded in successive stages of development, and it ultimately evolved into a small computer with a motor controller. The designed system automatically adjusts the motor’s rotation and speed. The user is tasked only with conveying operational commands. The entire system is based on a single microcontroller. The designed optoelectronic system receives user commands (the program can be modified to support free-space optical communication networks conforming to all communication standards). The system activates the motor, counts the number of rotations and adjusts the motor’s position.The designed system operates on the following principle: the user sends commands to the motor via a remote control with an infrared diode. The keys on the remote control have been programmed with different commands. The transmitted data are processed by the system which activates the motor and sets the desired motor speed. The task is completed, and the system is ready to process the next command. If the number of rotations differs from the preset value, the motor’s position is adjusted. If the physical position of the rotor axis is altered, the system corrects the offset to the last programmed position. The designed system can be easily adapted to various types of motors and IR controllers.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2023, 26(1); 5--15
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An optoelectronic system for controlling a direct current motor. Part 2: Software
Autorzy:
Syroka, Zenon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
digital control
motor controller
electric and hybrid vehicles
microcontroller
Opis:
The software for an optoelectronic system for controlling a direct current (DC) motor is presented in Part 2 of the article. The structure of the designed control system was described in Part 1. The developed system processes data received from an infrared transmitter. The project was upgraded in successive stages of development, and it ultimately evolved into a small computer with a motor controller. The designed system automatically adjusts the motor’s rotation and speed. The user is tasked only with conveying operational commands. The entire system is based on a single microcontroller. The designed optoelectronic system receives user commands (the program can be modified to support free-space optical communication networks conforming to all communication standards). The system activates the motor, counts the number of rotations and adjusts the motor’s position.The designed system operates on the following principle: the user sends commands to the motor via a remote control with an infrared diode. The keys on the remote control have been programmed with different commands. The transmitted data are processed by the system which activates the motor and sets the desired motor speed. The task is completed, and the system is ready to process the next command. If the number of rotations differs from the preset value, the motor’s position is adjusted. If the physical position of the rotor axis is altered, the system corrects the offset to the last programmed position. The designed system can be easily adapted to various types of motors and IR controllers.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2023, 26(1); 17--31
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance investigation of hybrid photovoltaic thermal-heat with mini-channels for application in electric vehicles
Autorzy:
Strąk, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
mini-channels
numerical simulations
one-dimensional model
autonomous car system with PVT
vehicle battery heat exchanger
Opis:
The first autonomous car was developed in the 1980s, but it wasn't until the early 2010s that the technology began to gain significant attention and investment. In 2010, Google began testing self-driving cars on public roads, and since then, many other companies have joined the race to develop fully autonomous vehicles. Hybrid PVT (Photovoltaic Thermal) heat exchangers cooled with mini-channels find application in autonomous vehicles as a solution that enables efficient cooling of the vehicle's electronics and batteries. The solution involves using photovoltaic panels to generate electricity and removing the heat produced during the process using mini-channels is removed by mini-channels. Hybrid PVT heat exchangers cooled with mini-channels can help maintain appropriate temperatures inside autonomous vehicles that generate large amounts of heat from electronic systems and sensors. The setup can improve the performance and reliability of autonomous systems, increase energy efficiency, and reduce energy demands. The experimental setup includes two parallel mini-channel systems separated by a smooth copper plate. The study aims to determine local heat-transfer coefficients, with a cooled solar cell efficiency range of 10% to 14% compared to other research. The cooled PV temperature range achieved was from 19.6 to 22.4 degrees Celsius, which is favorable for photovoltaic panels' operation under approximate light intensity for Poland's latitude. Heat-transfer from hot surfaces to cold fluids is analyzed during single-phase convection using two calculation methods: one-dimensional and numerical simulations using Simcenter STAR CCM+. Cooling photovoltaic modules is critical for the photovoltaic and autonomous vehicle systems sector, making this research significant both theoretically and practically. The research and methods presented in the article on mini-channel cooling of photovoltaic systems and autonomous vehicle systems are innovative at a global scale, and are crucial for further development of sustainable energy systems and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2023, 100, 2; 5--30
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Technological developments in vehicles with electric drive
Autorzy:
Szumska, Emilia M.
Jurecki, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
electric drive
electric vehicle
plug-in hybrid vehicle
hybrid electric vehicle
napęd elektryczny
pojazd elektryczny
pojazd hybrydowy typu plug-in
hybrydowy pojazd elektryczny
Opis:
The fleet of electric vehicles is systematically growing. Many passenger car manufacturers are already reporting that after 2030, vehicles equipped with electric propulsion will account for half of the models produced. Vehicles equipped with an electric drive include: battery-powered electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles. Over the years, these vehicles have undergone constant change. The aim of this paper was to review trends in the development of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2023, 62, 3; 38--47
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis and control of nonlinear vibration of autonomous vehicle passing through hybrid consecutive speed control humps
Autorzy:
Yang, Zhiyong
Wang, Long
Yu, Yanjun
Mou, Zhenping
Ou, Minghui
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
autonomous vehicles
hybrid consecutive speed control humps
nonlinear vibration
safety
comfort
pojazd autonomiczny
próg zwalniający
wibracje nieliniowe
bezpieczeństwo
komfort
Opis:
In order to improve the safety and comfort of autonomous vehicles passing through the expressway, relevant departments of expressway construction often design and lay consecutive speed control humps (SCHs) with cross-sections of different shapes according to different road conditions, such as the combination of trapezoidal and sinusoidal SCHs. In this paper, we conduct a study about the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the autonomous vehicle passing through hybrid SCHs. Firstly, a four-degree-of-freedom (4-DOF) nonlinear model of the vehicle suspension and the speed coupling excitation model under hybrid SCHs are established. Then the fourth-fifth order Runge–Kutta method is used to simulate the nonlinear system, and its nonlinear dynamic characteristics are analyzed. The results show that chaotic motion occurs when the vehicle passes through hybrid SCHs, and the speed range of chaotic motion is obtained. Then, a direct variable feedback control method is used to suppress the chaotic vibration of semi-active suspension vehicles, and the effect is verified by simulation experiments. Finally, this paper presents a multi-objective optimization model based on a genetic algorithm (GA) for active suspension vehicles. The optimization model selects the vertical displacement and pitching angle of the vehicle body as the objective function. The research results of this paper can provide information on the ride comfort’s optimization for autonomous vehicles passing through hybrid SCHs and on the design of vehicle suspension system.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2022, 70, 6; art. no. e143643
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the selection of the auxiliary drive system for a special purpose hybrid rail vehicle
Autorzy:
Urbański, Patryk
Gallas, Dawid
Stachowicz, Arkadiusz
Jakuszko, Wojciech
Stobnicki, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32101684.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-24
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
Tematy:
special purpose vehicle
alternative propulsion systems
hybrid rail vehicle
auxiliary drive system
Opis:
Strict emission standards mean that the internal combustion engines used in means of transport must meet the standards for the emission of harmful compounds. For this reason, there is an increase in the use of alternative sources of propulsion, including rail transport. The article presents unconventional solutions of drive systems in rail vehicles using hybrid systems and fuel cells. The concept of the realizing project of a specialpurpose rail vehicle, which is to be able to be driven from three different sources, was presented. Considerations concerning the selection of the internal combustion propulsion system, which is to be used as an auxiliary in the vehicle, are described. The possibilities of installing the power unit on the vehicle were also presented.
Źródło:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2022, 1-2; 30-39
0138-0370
2719-9630
Pojawia się w:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy flow analysis based on a simulated drive of a hybrid locomotive powered by fuel cells
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Ireneusz
Dimitrov, Radostin
Mihaylov, Veselin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32101666.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-08-29
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
Tematy:
rail vehicles
energy flow
hybrid vehicles
fuel cell simulation
high voltage battery
Opis:
Implementation of hybrid drives in rail vehicles is a solution aimed at limiting the negative environmental impact of transport. The use of fuel cell systems is a contemporary trend in the development of locomotives. The paper presents an energy flow analysis in a hybrid locomotive powered using fuel cells. The parallel hybrid drive system consisted of fuel cells, batteries and an electric motor. The simulations and analyzes were performed with the use of AVL Cruise M software. A simulated route, with a length of approximately 300 km, was used as basis for the analysis, taking into account a typical speed profile of a locomotive in passenger traffic. The energy flow and consumption values were estimated, and mean hydrogen consumption values were determined.
Źródło:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2022, 1-2; 68-76
0138-0370
2719-9630
Pojawia się w:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Intensity of use of hybrid vehicles during the initial period of their operation
Autorzy:
Prochowski, Leon
Ziubiński, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
hybrid vehicles
intensity of vehicle operation
extreme
mileage
satisfaction
buyers
Opis:
Extensive environmental protection activities include the promotion of alternative drive systems for motor vehicles. An important role in this field is played by hybrid vehicles, with their low operation costs being a strong marketing argument. Can such economies be conducive to the intensity of use of hybrid vehicles compared with vehicles with conventional drive systems? To answer this question, the intensity of use of hybrid vehicles was observed in a few different countries. The attention was focused on the occurrence of extreme (very low and very high) mileage values within comparable vehicle groups. The survey carried out has revealed distinct differences in the intensity of use of hybrid vehicles compared with motor vehicles with conventional drive systems (IC). The average mileage values for hybrid vehicles are higher than those recorded for conventional ones during the same period, but this difference can only be seen in the initial period of vehicle use, rapidly decreasing with vehicle operation years. The share of vehicles with extreme mileage values recorded during the period under observation, presented in the paper in several ways, declines with the years of vehicle use. In spite of that, however, the percentage of vehicles with extreme mileage values is high in HVs group against IC.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2022, 96, 2; 31--50
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modern combustion-electric PowerPack drive system design solutions for a hybrid two-unit rail vehicle
Autorzy:
Far, Mariusz
Gallas, Dawid
Urbański, Patryk
Woch, Aleksandra
Mieżowiec, Kuba
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097664.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
rail vehicles
combustion-electric drive
PowerPack
hybrid drive
dual-drive railbus
pojazdy szynowe
napęd spalinowo-elektryczny
napęd hybrydowy
dwunapędowy autobus szynowy
Opis:
The article presents an innovative solution of a two-unit rail vehicle system for passanger transport with a dual-drive, diesel engine and electric motor. The vehicle was designed as a combination of two units, one dedicated to each of the two drive systems, where one unit provides electric drive while the other a combustion engine. The selection of engine and drive components was presented along with the aftertreatment systems used in the design. The provided solution was created in response to the dynamic needs of rail vehicle operators in the European Union who aim to reduce exhaust emissions without compomising the reach of the existing rail networks.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 3; 80--87
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optoelectronic system for controlling an alternating current motor. Electrical and electronic design
Autorzy:
Syroka, Zenon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2133936.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
digital control
motor controller
electric vehicles
hybrid vehicles
microcontroller
Opis:
A control system for a three-phase induction motor was designed with the use of optoelectronic components and methods. Motor speed was controlled by changing supply voltage frequency. This solution ensures a wide range of rotational speeds, constant torque and effective start-up of an induction motor. The designed motor is supplied with direct current converted to three-phase alternating current. The adopted solution relies on renewable sources of energy to produce DC power. The designed electric motor is controlled by changing supply voltage frequency. Input voltage with the desired waveform is generated by the motor’s electronic system that relies on two microcontrollers. The presented solution features a user interface.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2022, 25(1); 59--75
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rescue and Firefighting Operations During Incidents Involving Vehicles with Alternative Propulsion. Electric Vehicles
Działania ratowniczo-gaśnicze podczas zdarzeń z udziałem pojazdów z napędem alternatywnym. Pojazdy elektryczne
Autorzy:
Zboina, Jacek
Kielin, Jan
Bugaj, Grzegorz
Zalech, Jacek
Bąk, Damian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34670987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpożarowej im. Józefa Tuliszkowskiego
Tematy:
alternative propulsion
CNG
LNG
methane
LPG
ethane
propane
hybrid propulsion
electric vehicles
fuel cell
rescue
firefighting
operation
napędy alternatywne
metan
etan
propan
napęd hybrydowy
pojazdy elektryczne
ogniwo paliwowe
ratownictwo
działania ratowniczo-gaśnicze
Opis:
Aim: The aim of the article is to review information about motor vehicles that use alternative propulsion systems (in this case, electric propulsion) and the risks associated with their use. The discussion of these issues is crucial for undertaking rescue and firefighting operations during incidents (fires, local emergencies) involving alternatively powered vehicles and the effectiveness of these operations. Knowledge in the areas of: hazard identification, improvement of rescue technologies, necessary devices and equipment for effective rescue and firefighting operations during traffic incidents, including fires, with the involvement of vehicles with alternative propulsion systems can be gained from both theoretical and empirical studies. Introduction: Technical and technological advances in the area of drives used in vehicles and machinery pose new challenges for fire protection. They concern, among other things, the technology of rescue operations during fires and traffic accidents involving such vehicles, as well as ensuring fire safety when operating and storing them in buildings, garages and parking areas, and during charging. Methodology: The article was prepared based on national and foreign sources, literature on the subject, research results and the authors’ diverse experiences. It describes the current state of knowledge in terms of hazards and how to deal with them during rescue and firefighting operations against incidents involving alternatively powered vehicles. Conclusions: The number of motor vehicles in Poland and other countries continues to grow, and together with it also the number of vehicles equipped with alternative drives to internal combustion engines (gasoline, diesel). An analysis of the literature on the subject, available research results, as well as individual incidents, lead to the reasonable conclusion that the risks during rescue and firefighting operations associated with the incidents involving electric and hybrid vehicles are no greater than for conventionally powered vehicles. They are different to some extent, which is due in particular to the used power system, which is based on energy storage devices – batteries.
Cel: Celem artykułu jest przegląd informacji o pojazdach mechanicznych, w których wykorzystuje się alternatywne napędy (w tym przypadku napęd elektryczny) i związane z ich stosowaniem zagrożenia. Omówienie tych zagadnień jest kluczowe dla podejmowania działań ratowniczo-gaśniczych podczas zdarzeń (pożarów, miejscowych zagrożeń) z udziałem pojazdów z napędami alternatywnymi oraz skuteczności tych działań. Wiedzę w zakresie: identyfikacji zagrożeń, doskonalenia technologii ratowniczych, niezbędnego sprzętu i wyposażenia do prowadzenia skutecznych działań ratowniczo- -gaśniczych podczas zdarzeń komunikacyjnych, w tym pożarów, z udziałem pojazdów z alternatywnymi źródłami napędu można zdobyć zarówno na podstawie badań teoretycznych, jak i empirycznych. Wprowadzenie: Postęp techniczny i zaawansowane technologie w zakresie napędów stosowanych w pojazdach i maszynach stawiają przed ochroną przeciwpożarową nowe wyzwania. Dotyczą one między innymi technologii działań ratowniczych podczas pożarów i wypadków komunikacyjnych, w których uczestniczą takie pojazdy, oraz zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa pożarowego podczas eksploatacji i przechowywania ich w obiektach budowlanych, garażach i miejscach postojowych oraz podczas ładowania. Metodologia: Opracowanie wykonano w oparciu o źródła krajowe i zagraniczne, literaturę przedmiotu, wyniki badań oraz różnorodne doświadczenia autorów. Artykuł opisuje obecny stan wiedzy w zakresie zagrożeń i radzenia sobie z nimi podczas prowadzenia działań ratowniczo-gaśniczych wobec zdarzeń z udziałem pojazdów z napędami alternatywnymi. Wnioski: Liczba pojazdów silnikowych w Polsce i innych państwach wciąż rośnie, a razem z nią także liczba pojazdów wyposażonych w napędy alternatywne do napędów spalinowych (benzynowych, na olej napędowy). Analiza literatury przedmiotu, dostępnych wyników badań, jak i poszczególnych zdarzeń prowadzi do uzasadnionego wniosku, iż zagrożenia podczas prowadzenia działań ratowniczych i gaśniczych związanych ze zdarzeniami z udziałem pojazdów elektrycznych i hybrydowych nie są większe niż w przypadku pojazdów z napędami konwencjonalnymi. Są one w pewnym zakresie inne, co wynika w szczególności ze stosowanego systemu zasilania opartego na urządzeniach do magazynowania energii – akumulatorów.
Źródło:
Safety and Fire Technology; 2022, 60, 2; 8-40
2657-8808
2658-0810
Pojawia się w:
Safety and Fire Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Two decades of hybrid electric vehicle market
Dwie dekady rynku hybrydowych samochodów elektrycznych
Autorzy:
Menes, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Humanistyczny im. Kazimierza Pułaskiego w Radomiu
Tematy:
directions of automotive development
greenhouse gases
hybrid electric vehicles
HEV
gazy cieplarniane
hybrydowe samochody elektryczne
kierunki rozwoju motoryzacji
Opis:
The article presents a cross-sectional view of the development of the HEV car market over the last two decades. Hybrid cars are currently the widest group of cars equipped with alternative to classic drive systems. They are also the most numerous group among electric vehicles. The historical meanders of HEV development were described, as well as the current level of development of this market and the real prospects for the popularization of HEV cars. The level of world production of this category of motor vehicles in the twenty-year period 2001-2020 was also characterized. The article attempts to estimate the real size of the world's HEV fleet. The level of sales of this category of vehicles by individual countries and their changing percentage share in the passenger car market were also presented. Sales of electric hybrids even in the crisis year 2020 increased from 3.2 million to approx. 4 million vehicles, despite a decrease in sales of new passenger cars from 64 to 54 million units. The above fact also proves the market attractiveness of this type of vehicles and the constantly growing interest in them.
W artykule przedstawiono przekrojowy obraz rozwoju rynku samochodów HEV na przestrzeni ostatnich dwóch dekad. Samochody hybrydowe to obecnie najszersza grupa samochodów wyposażonych w alternatywne dla klasycznych układów napędowych rozwiązania. Stanowią też najliczniejszą grupę wśród pojazdów elektrycznych. Opisano historyczne meandry rozwoju HEV, obecny poziom rozwoju tego rynku oraz realne perspektywy spopularyzowania samochodów HEV. Scharakteryzowano również poziom światowej produkcji tej kategorii pojazdów samochodowych w dwudziestoleciu 2001-2020. W artykule podjęto próbę oszacowania rzeczywistej wielkości światowej floty HEV. Przedstawiono również poziom sprzedaży tej kategorii pojazdów przez poszczególne kraje oraz zmieniający się ich udział procentowy w rynku samochodów osobowych. Sprzedaż hybryd elektrycznych nawet w kryzysowym roku 2020 wzrosła z 3,2 mln do ok. 4 mln pojazdów, pomimo spadku sprzedaży nowych aut osobowych z 64 do 54 mln sztuk. Powyższy fakt świadczy również o atrakcyjności rynkowej tego typu pojazdów i stale rosnącym zainteresowaniu nimi.
Źródło:
Journal of Civil Engineering and Transport; 2021, 3, 1; 29-37
2658-1698
2658-2120
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Civil Engineering and Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zasilanie alternatywne pojazdów samochodowych
Alternative power supply for motor vehicles
Autorzy:
Wornalkiewicz, Władysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38416998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Techniczna w Katowicach
Tematy:
klasyfikacja paliw
paliwo alternatywne
pojazd elektryczny
pojazd hybrydowy
nowa infrastruktura stacji
fuel classification
alternative fuel
electric vehicle
hybrid vehicle
new station infrastructure
Opis:
W obecnych czasach coraz bardziej niepokoi ocieplenie klimatu. Jest ono wynikiem, między innymi, gromadzenia się nadmiernej ilości gazów cieplarnianych, w tym CO2. Z inicjatywy obrońców środowiska powstały w ramach Unii Europejskiej dokumenty, stanowiące wytyczne do obniżania emisji szkodliwych spalin, wydalanych przez masowe ilości pojazdów, poruszających się po drogach Europy i nie tylko. Wytyczne te, przyjęte przez państwa Unii, wskazują na konieczność - w zakresie zasilania pojazdów - na przechodzenie od tradycyjnych paliw kopalnych, na rzecz różnych, mniej szkodliwych dla środowiska kuli ziemskiej. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano tradycyjne paliwa do samochodów, tendencje w zakresie upowszechniania ich mniej toksycznych alternatyw oraz akty normatywne, wskazujące kierunki badań nad ich wdrożeniem. Zwrócono uwagę, na istniejący w Polsce stan w zakresie infrastruktury technicznej do dystrybucji nowych rodzajów paliw. Wymieniono etapy odejścia od tradycyjnej tzw. benzyny, na rzecz przede wszystkim pojazdów hybrydowych i elektrycznych. Zaprezentowana w skrócie problematyka bazuje na opracowanych pod kierunkiem autora, zaimplementowanych fragmentach pracy magisterskiej [18]. Analiza stanu wdrożenia nowych technologii zasilania pojazdów została pokazana na podstawie wywiadu z przedstawicielem ochrony środowiska i ankietyzacji, przeprowadzonej z pracownikami stacji paliw w mieście Tarnowskie Góry i jej okolicach.
Nowadays, concerns about climate warming are becoming more and more intense. This is due to, inter alia, the accumulation of an excessive amount of greenhouse gases, including CO2. The initiative of environmentalists resulted in preparing documents within the European Union, which constitute guidelines for the reduction of harmful exhaust emissions, released by mass quantities of vehicles on the roads of Europe and beyond. In terms of powering vehicles, these guidelines, adopted by the EU countries, specify the need to change from traditional fossil fuels to various, less harmful to the environment, the globe. The paper presents traditional car fuels, trends in the dissemination of their less toxic alternatives and normative acts indicating the directions of research on their implementation. The attention was paid to the state of the art in Poland in terms of technical infrastructure for the distribution of new types of fuels. The stages of resigning from the traditional so-called gasoline for the benefit of hybrid and electric vehicles in particular are specified, as well. The issues presented in short are based on the parts of the master’s thesis prepared under the supervision of the author (Morawiec R., 2022). The analysis of the implementation status of new vehicle power technologies was shown on the basis of an interview with an environmental protection representative and a survey conducted with employees of a petrol station in the city of Tarnowskie Góry and its vicinity.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Technicznej w Katowicach; 2022, 15; 21-50
2082-7016
2450-5552
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Technicznej w Katowicach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Battery Supercharging System in Electrical Vehicles Using Photovoltaic Panels
Autorzy:
Syroka, Zenon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069740.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
digital control
motor controller
electric vehicles
hybrid vehicles
microcontroller
Opis:
In this project, a system was designed there was designed a system for charging batteries in electric vehicles using photovoltaic panels. Low cost of operation, cheap reliable construction and simple user interface were among the main criterias taken into account. Each energy source was carefully selected and, modules were used so that they could in the way to power the microcontroller and charge the energy storage source. This article is a part of a project related to the design of digital control devices with electric drives carried out at the UWM.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2021, 24(1); 27--38
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy management system of the hybrid ultracapacitor-battery electric drive vehicles
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
electric vehicle
battery
ultracapacitor
energy flow modeling
pojazd elektryczny
bateria
ultrakondensator
Opis:
The search for new, alternative propulsion and energy sources in transport is one of the economic and technological priorities of the current decade. The modern development of hybrid drives and electric means of transport makes it possible to at least partially diversify conventional drive systems. The study discusses the use of a battery and ultracapacitor in electric vehicles. Simulation analyzes of energy flow were performed using the solutions of electric drive systems and various energy storage control algorithms. The research was carried out in relation to the use of braking energy, its con-version into electricity and its storage in a battery or ultracapacitor. The operating conditions of the battery and the ultra-capacitor were assessed in terms of specific energy consumption while driving. The article proposed the use of a drive system connected in series, the last link of which was an ultracapacitor. Such a solution significantly reduced the use of the battery as well as its regular charging-discharging. At the same time, it required the use of a high-capacity ultracapacitor, which contributed to increasing its charging time. The analyzes were carried out using standardized research tests as well as tests in real traffic conditions. The research was carried out with the use of the AVL Cruise software for the analysis of energy flow in vehicles; a middle class passenger vehicle was selected for the tests, equipped with an electrochemical battery and – in the next stage of the research – an ultracapacitor. Three research models were used: I) typical electric drive system; II) a system with the use of ultracapacitors ran by a simple control algorithm; III) a system with the use of ultracapacitors with an advanced control algorithm (the algorithm took into account the change of driving conditions to the ultracapacitor charging conditions). The advantages of using ultracapacitors in the electric drive of a vehicle were demonstrated, especially for results obtained in real traffic conditions. Analyzing the simulation tests results allowed to determine the most advantageous options of utilizing these systems, in particular in the aspect of increased possibilities of algorithms controlling the flow of electricity in the drive system.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2021, 58, 2; 47-62
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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