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Tytuł:
Building distributed ground station system with radio amateurs
Autorzy:
Stolarski, M.
Winietki, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307624.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
space technology
satellite communications
radio amateurs
Opis:
The paper concerns radio amateur satellites that are built by international student teams. For contacting a satellite, a single ground station is usually used. In this configuration and with the satellite on the low Earth orbit (LEO), teams have contact only for about 40 minutes per day. If the satellite has service for radio amateurs, they use it for 20 hours per day. A lot of them have connection to Internet. This is a big difference. In this paper, is shown how they can use the radio amateur transceivers and antenna systems in order to build ground stations network named distributed ground station system (DGSS). Frequencies, types of modulations, calculation of power budge, and the ways to control amateur stations by the Internet are also shown. These are essential procedures, because radio amateurs have their standards and habits. Finally a proposal of implementation dedicated DGSS system for radio amateurs with and without use of APRS network is put forward. Distributed ground station is one of the experiments on PW-Sat satellite, which is being build on the Warsaw University of Technology.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2007, 1; 72-75
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of an autonomous Global Navigation Satellite System ground station and its calibration for monitoring of local ionospheric perturbations
Autorzy:
Galas, R.
Čokrlić, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135456.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
local ionospheric perturbations
scintillations
single autonomous GNSS monitoring station
continuously monitoring GNSS ground systems
autonomous power management
real-time processing
hardware calibration
Opis:
A state-of-the-art monitoring global navigation satellite system (GNSS) system has been originally designed and developed for various positioning and atmosphere-sensing purposes by the authors and updated to fulfil the challenging requirements for monitoring of ionospheric perturbations. The paper discusses various scientific and technically challenging issues, such as the requirement for an autonomous operating ground GNSS station and how this can be fulfilled. Basic algorithms for monitoring of local ionospheric perturbations with GNSS receivers are described. The algorithms require that inter-frequency hardware biases be known. Although the satellite transmitter biases can be obtain from the IGS services, the user takes responsibility for the estimation of frequency dependent receiver hardware biases and for the control of their variations. The instrumental signal delays are important for timing applications and GNSS monitoring of the ionosphere and are also required for recovering of the integer carrier-phase ambiguities. The paper presents an algorithm for calibration of inter-frequency biases of global positioning system (GPS) receivers and validates the first set of results.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 45 (117); 54-59
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A ground control station for the UAV flight simulator
Autorzy:
Romaniuk, S.
Gosiewski, Z.
Ambroziak, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
ground control station
flight simulator
aircraft flight
lot samolotu
symulator lotu
stacja kontroli naziemnej
naziemne stacje
stacje naziemne
Opis:
In the paper implementation of a ground control station for UAV flight simulator is shown. The ground control station software is in cooperation with flight simulator, displaying various aircraft flight parameters. The software is programmed in C++ language and utilizes the windows forms for implementing graphical content. One of the main aims of the design of the application was to simplify the interface, simultaneously maintaining the functionality and the eligibility. A mission can be planned and monitored using the implemented map control supported by waypoint list.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2016, 10, 1; 28-32
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vision system supporting the pilot in variable light conditions
Układ wizyjny wspomagający pilota w warunkach zmiennego oświetlenia
Autorzy:
Szczerba, Piotr
Rzucidło, Paweł
Szczerba, Zygmunt
Drupka, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365244.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
indicator
pilot
operator
ground station
UAV operation
optical phenomena
vision algorithms
adaptive algorithms
reliability of operations
wskaźnik
stacja naziemna
eksploatacja UAV
zjawiska optyczne
algorytmy wizyjne
algorytmy adaptacyjne
niezawodność operacji
Opis:
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the applicability of contemporary optoelectronic systems supported by image processing algorithms in aviation. Optoelectronic systems can support the pilot’s work or the work of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operator after being installed in the cockpit of the pilot or in a ground station. The origin of the problem is related to the aspects of safe operation of the aircraft in the conditions of dynamically changing ambient light observed by the aircraft pilot or operator monitoring the monitor at the ground station and observing the image from the camera installed on the UAV. The proposed solution is to help avoid situations in which the pilot’s/operator’s situational awareness deteriorates due to strong optical phenomena.
Celem niniejszego opracowania jest zademonstrowanie możliwości zastosowania współczesnych układów optoelektronicznych wspomaganych przez algorytmy przetwarzania obrazu w lotnictwie. Układy optoelektroniczne mogą wspomóc pracę pilota lub pracę operatora bezzałogowego statku powietrznego (BSP) po zainstalowaniu w kabinie pilota bądź w stacji naziemnej. Geneza problemu jest związania z aspektami bezpiecznej eksploatacji statku powietrznego w warunkach dynamicznie zmieniającego się oświetlenia otoczenia obserwowanego przez pilota samolotu lub operatora śledzącego monitor w stacji naziemnej i obserwującego obraz z kamery zainstalowanej na BSP. Zaproponowane rozwiązanie ma pomóc uniknąć sytuacji, w których świadomość sytuacyjna pilota/operatora pogarsza się na skutek silnych zjawisk optycznych.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2019, 21, 1; 60-67
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of on-line driver assistance Satellite Observation System (SOS)
Autorzy:
Filipek, P.
Jedliński, Ł.
Kamiński, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
SOS satellite observation system
ground SOS station
vision-telecommunication satellite
overtaking
GPS coordinates GSM system
road safet
Opis:
The article describes the design of a Satellite Observation System (SOS) which assists drivers in their travel (in real time). The system allows the driver to receive a top-down view (in the respective scale) covering a large area around their vehicle. Using the GPS and the GSM system as well as images from a satellite - thanks to the SOS, the driver will be provided with a valuable tool assisting them in driving e.g. when: overtaking in heavy field conditions, identification of the road or facilities, setting a more optimal route (bypassing traffic jams) etc.. The principle of operation is based on respectively located satellites which take very high-resolution pictures of the Earth's surface in real time. These pictures are sent via the GSM (or a different) system to the receiver of the SOS system on the ground -a SOS station - which projects GPS coordinates on them. In order to receive the image with the area of the road ahead (or around the vehicle), the driver in a vehicle turns on their SOS system which sends the vehicle's GPS coordinates to the SOS station. The SOS station processes the picture received from the satellite, preparing only a small section of it which corresponds to the area around the GPS coordinates - the vehicle's position. This section is then sent to the SOS system inside the vehicle, which, in turn, displays it on an LCD screen. This cycle repeats so rapidly that the driver may be under an impression that he/she watches the image from the camera placed over the vehicle. The SOS system will contribute to the increase in road safety and the maneuver of overtaking in difficult field conditions will become less risky. The SOS system will also allow the emergency services and the police to promptly locate and identify any road accidents.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 79-82
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Galvanic coupling effects for module-mounting elements of ground-mounted photovoltaic power station
Autorzy:
Pierozynski, B.
Bialy, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
PV mounting assembly
Zn-coated steel
Magnelis® coating
galvanic coupling
Opis:
This communication reports on the concerns associated with possible generation of galvanic coupling effects for construction materials that are used to manufacture mounting assemblies for ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV) power stations. For this purpose, six macro-corrosion galvanic cells were assembled, including: hot-dip Zn/Magnelis®-coated steel/Al and stainless steel (SS)/Al cells. Corrosion experiments involved continuous, ca. three-month exposure of these couplings in 3 wt.% NaCl solution, conducted at room temperature for a stable pH value of around 8. All corrosion cells were subjected to regular assessment of galvanic current-density and potential parameters, where special consideration was given to compare the corrosion behaviour of Zn-coated steel samples with that of Magnelis®-coated electrodes. Characterization of surface condition and elemental composition for examined materials was carried-out by means of SEM and EDX spectroscopy techniques.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2017, 19, 4; 22-27
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Certification of Unmanned Aircraft (UA)
Autorzy:
Pettke, G.
Kozyro, W.
Gałka, P.
Trzeciak, G.
Wołejsza, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841555.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
unmanned vehicles
Polish Register of Shipping
PRS
Unmanned Aircraft
unmanned aerial vehicle
remotely piloted aircraft systems
ground control station
object’s recognition and classification awareness
vertical take-off and landing
Opis:
PRS (Polish Register of Shipping) is an expert institution acting on the international market, that - by conducting business for the benefit of the community - through the formulation of the requirements, survey and issue of the appropriate documents, assists State Administrations, Underwriters and customers in ensuring the safety of people, floating objects, land undertakings, carried cargo and the natural environment. PRS is a body accredited for certification of management systems, as well as a notified body in the European Commission for conducting product conformity assessment procedures with EU directives and regulations, and certify of personnel and processes. Subject and scope of the Publication The Publication defines requirements and procedures of conformity assessment process of Unmanned Aircraft (UA) and the technical possibilities of their use in the maritime economy segment. Purpose of the publication: Defining technical and formal requirements for design, construction and operation of the Unmanned Aircraft (UA), Determining the scope and methodology of conformity assessment process of Unmanned Aircraft (UA), Determining the technical possibilities of using Unmanned Aircraft (UA) in the maritime economy segment. The publication includes the following issues: basic principles and design requirements as well as technical regulations that ensure the design of the Unmanned Aircraft (UA), as a safe product in operation; the scope and methodology of conformity assessment of Unmanned Aircraft (UA); principles and scope of technical supervision over the Unmanned Aircraft (UA), requirements set by PRS in using Unmanned Aircraft (UA) on sea-going ships. The conclusions of the paper: indication of the way to obtain BSP certification, the basis for launching the procedure for developing the NO defence standard for the certification of ships and naval auxiliary units for cooperation with Unmanned Aircraft (UA).
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 1; 143-155
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zależność kosztów eksploatacji stacji uzdatniania wody podziemnej w Suwałkach od jej wydajności
The relationship between the operating costs of the ground water treatment station in Suwałki and its capacity
Autorzy:
Skoczko, I.
Miłaszewski, R.
Kisło, A.
Zadrożna, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96774.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
wody gruntowe
uzdatnianie wody
koszty jednostkowe
ground waters
water treatment plant
unit costs
Opis:
The objective of the article was to define a mathematical model for the relationship between the unit costs of operating an underground water treatment plant and its capacity. This model was formulated on the example of the underground water treatment station in Suwałki, Poland. The station is also described in the article. The article discusses the theoretical and practical basis for determining this relationship. Mathematical models for this relationship were established for the years 2010, 2011 and 2012. They show that the unit operating costs decrease with an increasing capacity. The relationships discussed in the article may be used as indicatory guidelines when designing a groundwater treatment plant of similar capacity and technology.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2015, 3; 137-144
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inteligenta kontrola łączności przeciwnika z wykorzystaniem bezzałogowej platformy lądowej DROMADER
Intelligent control of adversary communications using jamming station on unmanned ground vehicle
Autorzy:
Łopatka, Jerzy.
Chęciński, Radosław.
Kaszuba, Anna.
Krawczak, Robert.
Powiązania:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej 2013, nr 3, s. 13-25
Data publikacji:
2013
Tematy:
Automatyka broni i sprzętu wojskowego Polska
Środki i urządzenia inżynieryjne Polska
Sygnalizacja radiokomunikacyjna technika
Systemy telekomunikacyjne wojskowe eksploatacja Polska
Pojazdy bezzałogowe lądowe budowa i konstrukcje Polska
Opis:
Rys.
Bibliogr.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of ground pollution by hydrocarbons using Rock-Eval pyrolysis
Autorzy:
Więcław, Dariusz
Sadlik, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779796.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
Rock-Eval
oil
lubricants
ground pollution
petrol station
Opis:
The exploration and utilization of petroleum are potential hazards to the environment. Successful determination of petroleum contamination in ground relies on accurate definition of the type, source and quantity of contaminant. For this purpose the Rock-Eval® pyrolysis was applied, which is a rapid quantitative (Bulk Rock method) and qualitative (fractional composition using Multi-Heating Rates method) technique. Results of Rock-Eval analysis of 13 samples of concrete and 2 samples of gravel taken from the different sites of the petrol station indicate the highest concentration of light hydrocarbons (gasoline and naphtha fractions), up to over 5% wt. in the direct proximity of petrol pumps. Similarly high contamination (almost 4%wt.), was found near fuel tanks. Here the highest contribution has lubricating oil fraction and the tankers providing fuels are probably the source of this pollution. In the gravel collected in the vicinity of the fuel tanks high concentration (over 5 wt.%) of non-pyrolyzable carbon (soot) was recorded, the source of which are probably diesel engines of fuel tankers supplying fuel.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2019, 21, 3; 8-12
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Water relations during two hydrological years in swampy areas in the Siemianice Forest Experimental Station
Autorzy:
Krysztofiak, A.T.
Miler, A.T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/62494.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
water relation
hydrology
swamp area
Siemianice Forest Experimental Station
forest experimental station
ground water level
surface water level
climate change
Marianka Forest District
forest environment
water resource
water condition
Opis:
In recent years researchers have focused increasingly on climatic changes taking place in nature (increasing air temperature, decreasing precipitation totals). These imply changes in components of water balances and in practice changes in water relations both on the global and local scale. At present site overdrying is considered to be the biggest threat [Pierzgalski 2007]. The aim of the study is to present water relations in the forest swampy areas in a forest district (the Marianka Forest District) of the Siemianice Forest Experimental Station in hydrological years of 2005 and 2006. The investigations showed that analysed catchments, despite being located in swampy areas, are characterized by periods of water depletion in ditches. In analysed watercourses runoff was recorded from mid-November 2004 to the beginning of June 2005, while in the next hydrological year it was recorded again from mid-November, but this time longer to mid-June 2006. In relation to ground water of the catchment area a predictable relationship was observed of the water table level at the locations of observation wells. The wells located in the top sections of the catchment had water table the deepest below the ground level, while wells in valleys had water tables at the most shallow levels. It may also be stated that wells situated in higher areas (watershed), are characterized by a slightly bigger variation in the ground water table during the year than it was the case with wells located at lower points (in valleys). Both analyzed hydrological years (2005 and 2006) showed a similar pattern of ground water table at individual sites. Moreover, a marked cyclicity was recorded in the elevation of the water table, i.e. water level rising in autumn and lowering in summer months (as a result of changes in plant transpiration). The relationship of ground water levels with different forest sites found in the analyzed catchments confirms the dependence on the site moisture level variant. Water was lying at the most shallow levels in the ash-alder swamp forest site – a marshy site, while it was markedly the deepest in fresh mixed coniferous forest sites – a fresh site type. When analyzing changes in the ground water levels in terms of stand age classes we may clearly observe the seasonal variation and similar patterns of changes. Water lay the most shallow in stands of age classes V and VI. The level was significantly deepest in age class IV. The above dependencies pertained both to the hydrological year 2005 and 2006.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2008, 06
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kopalniana Stacja Monitoringu Drgań KSMD APN
Vibration monitoring station mine KSMD APN
Autorzy:
Pyra, J.
Sołtys, A.
Winzer, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/169465.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Poltegor-Instytut Instytut Górnictwa Odkrywkowego
Tematy:
górnictwo odkrywkowe
technika strzelnicza
system monitoringu drgań
oddziaływanie drgań
open-pit mining
blasting technique
ground vibration monitoring system
ground vibration influence
Opis:
W wyniku prac badawczych prowadzonych w Katedrze Górnictwa Odkrywkowego opracowano oryginalną metodykę dokumentowania oddziaływania robót strzałowych w otoczeniu kopalń odkrywkowych. Jednym z elementów tych prac było zbudowanie komputerowego systemu monitorowania drgań, który znalazł zastosowanie w kopalniach, jako Kopalniana Stacja Monitoringu Drgań KSMD. Modernizację systemu przeprowadzono w 2012 roku, co skłoniło Autorów do podsumowania jego dwuletniej pracy. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na możliwości analityczne i archiwizacyjne systemów, w postaci bieżącej oceny wpływu drgań na obiekty oraz dokumentowanie poziomu oddziaływania w sposób ciągły. Doświadczenia wynikające z kilkuletniej pracy systemu pozwalają na wskazanie korzyści jak i niedociągnięć, które stanowiły podstawę do wprowadzenia zmian konstrukcyjnych i programowych.
As a result of researches conducted at the Department of Opencast Mining the original methodology of the impact of blasting works on the open pit mine’s surrounding was developed. One element of this work was to develop a computer system for ground vibrations monitoring. The developed system is known as The Mine Vibration Monitoring Station (KSMD). The KSMD is widely use in number of open pit mines. The system modernization was made in 2012, which led the authors to make a summarization of its two year’s work. The article focuses on the analytical and archiving systems, in the form of ongoing assessment of the impact of vibration on the objects and documentation of the level of impact on a continuous basis. An experiences with several years of operation of the system allows to determine the benefits and shortcomings that were the basis for the introduction of design changes and software.
Źródło:
Górnictwo Odkrywkowe; 2015, 56, 1; 47-56
0043-2075
Pojawia się w:
Górnictwo Odkrywkowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Method of Mobile Base Station Placement for High Altitude Platform Based Network with Geographical Clustering of Mobile Ground Nodes
Autorzy:
Song, H. Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
clustering geographical
mobile base stations
Opis:
High altitude platforms (HAPs) such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) which can be deployed as stratospheric infrastructures enable a sort of new configurations of wireless networks. Ground nodes must be clustered in multiple sets and one dedicated UAV is assigned to each set and act as an mobile base station (MBS). For the intra-set nodes, UAVs must communicate each other in order to establish network links among intra-set nodes. Here we find a geographical clustering problem of networking nodes and a placement problem of MBSs. The clustering technique of mobile ground nodes can identify the geographical location of MBSs as well as the coverage of MBSs. In this paper we proposed a clustering mechanism to build such a configuration and the effectiveness of this solution is demonstrated by simulation. For a selected region with a relatively big island, we modeled mobile ground nodes and showed the result of dynamic placement of MBSs by our clustering algorithm. The final results will be shown graphically with the mobility of ground nodes as well as the placement of MBSs.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2009, 2; 22-33
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of radium 226Ra nuclide in ground-level air
Pomiary stężenia radu 226Ra w warstwie przypowierzchniowej atmosfery
Autorzy:
Bem, H.
Olszewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
automatyczna stacja pomiarowa ASS
spektrometria gamma
stężenie radu
Aerosol Sampling Station ASS
gamma spectrometry
radium concentration
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2004, 1; 95-96
1643-7608
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rekonstrukcja brakujących danych temperatury gruntu w Polskiej Stacji Polarnej w Hornsundzie (SW Spitsbergen) w latach 1990-2013
Reconstruction of the missing data of the ground temperature in the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund (SW Spitsbergen) in the period of 1990-2013
Autorzy:
Leszkiewicz, J.
Caputa, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
temperatura gruntu
Spitsbergen
metoda statystyczna
rekonstrukcja brakujących danych
ground temperature
statistical method
reconstruction of missing data
Opis:
Temperatura gruntu jest ważnym wskaźnikiem stanu wieloletniej zmarzliny oraz warstwy czynnej szczególnie w okresie współczesnego ocieplenia klimatu. Oddziałuje na zjawiska geomorfologiczne, hydrologiczne i inne, które zachodzą głównie w warstwie czynnej, natomiast całkowite zamarznięcie gruntu wyraźnie hamuje ich przebieg. Stąd też duże zainteresowanie danymi temperatury gruntu. Jednak historyczne dane często cechują się brakami pomiarowymi lub krótkimi seriami a nawet błędami. Dlatego dająca pozytywne wyniki, metoda rekonstrukcji danych temperatury gruntu na różnych głębokościach może ułatwić badania nad termiką gruntu. Metoda warunków meteorologicznych poprzedzających (MWMP) pozwala z wysoką wiarygodnością statystyczną odtworzyć brakujące serie danych na podstawie temperatury powietrza lub innych. Użyteczność metody przedstawiono na podstawie brakujących pomiarów temperatury gruntu na Polskiej Stacji Polarnej. Stwierdzono wysoką korelację (r>0,9) oraz istotność statystyczną dla relacji temperatura powietrza poprzedzająca – temperatura gruntu. Długość czasu reakcji (połowa czasu poprzedzającego) wyniosła: 1-4 dni dla przypowierzchniowej temperatury gruntu (głębokości 5, 10 i 20 cm) oraz 8-26,5 dni dla temperatury gruntu z głębokości 100 cm. Analiza długich serii czasowych pozwoliła na określenie tendencji współczesnego ocieplenia gruntu, np. zanik temperatury gruntu -10°C na głębokości 100 cm od roku 2005.
The ground temperature is an important indicator of the state of permafrost and the active layer, especially during the contemporary warming. It affects geomorphological, hydrological and other phenomena, which occur mainly in the active layer, whereas the total freezing of the ground effectively inhibits their course. Hence the great interest in the ground temperature data. However, the historical data is often characterized by the lack of measurements or short series, or even errors. Therefore, adopting an effective method for the reconstruction of the data of the ground temperature at different depths can facilitate research on the ground temperature. The method of preceding weather conditions allows reconstruction of the missing statistical data series based on the air temperature or other factors with great efficiency. The effectiveness of the method is illustrated by the example of the missing ground temperature measurements at the Polish Polar Station. A high correlation (r >0.9) and statistical significance of the relationship between the preceding air temperature and the temperature of the ground. The length of the response time (half of the preceding time) was: 1-4 days for the subsurface ground temperature (a depth of 5, 10 and 20cm) and 8-26.5 days for the ground temperature at a depth of 100cm. The analysis of long time series allowed detecting the trends of the modern warming of the ground, for example the disappearance of the ground temperature of -10°C at a depth of 100cm since 2005.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2015, 25; 201-210
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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