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Tytuł:
Rural forested areas as an only background for regional carbon and environmental balance
Autorzy:
Alekseev, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38687.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
rural area
forest area
background
carbon
environmental balance
primary production
respiration
natural ecosystem
carbon dioxide
biomass
global carbon cycle
Opis:
Techno systems release CO2 meanwhile natural ecosystems accumulate it in biomass and these flows for total techno-ecosystem stability should be in quantitative balance. General environmental stability (GES) may be described as ratio of total amount of carbon sequestered (TACS) annually by forested area of region to total amount of carbon (TACR) released on the same area from industrial sources. For Leningrad region this ratio is estimated as much as 1.15 and we may generally conclude about enough productivity of local forest ecosystems to accumulate locally released anthropogenic carbon and therefore about positive input of Leningrad region into global carbon cycle.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of Bacterial-based Protist Communities in Aquatic and Soil Ecosystems and the Carbon Biogeochemical Cycle, with Emphasis on Naked Amoebae
Autorzy:
Anderson, O. Roger
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Global warming, microbial ecology, microbial respiration rates, microbial trophodynamics, respiratory CO2, soil respiration, terrestrial carbon flow
Opis:
Current research is reviewed on aquatic and soil microbial ecology with attention to the fate of organic carbon in bacterial-based protist food webs, including some new data. Particular attention is given to the effects of pulsed sources of low-molecular weight organic sources of carbon on soil respiration, changes in bacterial, nanoflagellate, and naked amoeba C-biomass, and evidence for throughput of carbon in microbial food webs in Arctic and some low-latitude, temperate soil environments. The proportion of pulsed sources of glucose-C that is sequestered in microbial biomass relative to loss as CO2 is examined in laboratory experimental studies, and implications of the research for microbial community dynamics and global warming due to terrestrial sources of respiratory CO2 are discussed.
Źródło:
Acta Protozoologica; 2012, 51, 3
1689-0027
Pojawia się w:
Acta Protozoologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność globalnej koordynacji ruchowej u 12-letnich chłopców uprawiających piłkę nożną w półrocznym cyklu treningowym
Global motor coordination variance of 12-year-old boys playing football in half a year training cycle
Autorzy:
Antosiak-Cyrak, K.
Habiera, M.
Jerszynski, D.
Wochna, K.
Sobczak, K.
Ciereszko, J.
Pietrusik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/12458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński
Opis:
Coordinative motor skills play a very important role in football. The target of this paper was to analyze coordinative motor skills of 12-year-old boys training football in half a year training cycle. 23 12-year-old boys who train football and 23 12-year-old boys who do not train football were diagnosed. The diagnosis was repeated after 6 months. The most popular version of Starosta’s global coordination test, with jumps to the left and right, was used to determine global motor coordination variance. Eyes and both upper and lower limbs lateralization was determined. Weight, height, length of limbs and legs muscles were measured. Somatic features of the boys did not change in a statistically significant way between the two diagnoses. However, the group of non training boys had a higher rate of both thighs muscles than the group of footballers in the first diagnosis (p ≤ 0.01). Statistically important difference in global motor coordination between the two diagnoses was determined only for the group of football training boys, and only for the results of their left legs (p ≤ 0.05). No statistically important correlation between lateralization or stature of diagnosed boys and their global motor coordination results were discovered. This configuration of the research results proves first of all the influence of football training on the level of global coordination skills. It means that Starosta’s global coordination test is a good method for testing coordinative exercises effects in young footballers’ training. The research was accomplished within the framework of grant no. N N404 255740 (40 contest), financed by the National science centre in Krakow.
Źródło:
Aktywność Ruchowa Ludzi w Różnym Wieku; 2016, 4[32]
2299-744X
Pojawia się w:
Aktywność Ruchowa Ludzi w Różnym Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Światowy rynek geologicznych projektów eksploracyjnych metali nieżelaznych po kryzysie 2008 r.
The global market for geological exploration projects of non-ferrous metals after the crisis of 2008
Autorzy:
Bachowski, C.
Kudełko, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/394686.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
rynek metali podstawowych i złota
światowy budżet eksploracyjny
ceny miedzi
cykl koniunkturalny
model zależności liniowej
współczynnik determinacji R2
base metals and gold market
world exploration budget
copper prices
economic cycle
model of linear dependence
R2 determination coefficient
Opis:
W artykule omówiono sytuację na rynku metali nieżelaznych, zdominowanym przez metale podstawowe i złoto, po zapaści ekonomicznej światowej gospodarki w 2008 r. Zwrócono uwagę na cykliczny charakter wielkości budżetów eksploracyjnych analizowanych surowców, koncentrując się na cyklach koniunkturalnych w latach 1997-2008 i 2008-2012. Pokazano silną korelację cyklu zmian budżetów na poszukiwanie i rozpoznawanie złóż metali nieżelaznych z ich ceną, reprezentowaną przez miedź. Miedź stanowi około 65% wartości rynku metali podstawowych, posiada też tzw. cenę światową, ustaloną w obrocie rynkowym na giełdach o zasięgu międzynarodowym, dzięki czemu jest dobrym wskaźnikiem kondycji rynku metali nieżelaznych. W opracowaniu szczegółowo przeanalizowano geograficzne kierunki inwestycji przedsiębiorstw górniczych w poszukiwanie i rozpoznawanie złóż rud metali w 2013 r., a także omówiono prognozowany trend rynku na najbliższe lata. Wskazano na dominującą rolę dużych rozwijających się państw z grupy BRICS (Brazylia, Rosja, Indie, Chiny, RPA), ze szczególnym naciskiem położonym na Chiny, w kształtowaniu światowej polityki cen metali.
Situation on non-ferrous metals market, which is dominated by base metals and gold, after the collapse of the world economy in 2008, has been discussed in the paper. The attention was paid on periodical nature of exploration budgets, focusing on 1997-2008 and 2008-2012 cycles. Strong correlation of nonferrous metals exploration and prospection budgets and their prices, represented by copper, has been shown. Copper has 65% share in base metals market value, and also has so called "world price". Therefore it is a good indicator of non-ferrous metals market conditions. Detailed analyses of geographical directions of mining companies exploration and prospection investments in 2013 were presented in the study as well as the predicted market trend for the next years. The dominating role of big developing countries - BRICS group (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), with special attention paid on China, on policy of world metals price determination, were discussed.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN; 2014, 88; 15-28
2080-0819
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial and interannual variations of seasonal sea surface temperature patterns in the Baltic Sea
Autorzy:
Bradtke, K.
Herman, A.
Urbanski, J.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48507.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
spatial variation
interannual variation
sea surface temperature
seasonality
global climate change
thermal season
annual cycle
transitional period
Baltic Sea
Opis:
On the basis of monthly averaged satellite data, this study examined how the annual cycle of the Baltic Sea surface temperature (SST) varied spatially and temporally during the period 1986–2005. We conclude that there are two main thermal seasons in the Baltic Sea separated only by short transitional periods – spring lasting about one month, and autumn lasting two months. Generally speaking, summer covers the part of the year from June to October with the highest monthly mean SST in August. Winter, with a minimum monthly mean SST in February in shallow waters or in March in deeper areas, lasts from December to April. As a result of climate changes over the Baltic Sea region, strong positive trends in SST occur in the summer months. In consequence, the period with extremely high sea surface water temperatures has become slightly longer in the central Baltic. In the last decade winter changes in SST display zero or even negative tendencies. The investigated period was characterized by an annual increase in mean temperatures of about 0.03–0.07◦C. However, the rates of monthly mean SST changes were sometimes more than three times as high.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 3; 345-362
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluating the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction: Comparing brachiopod faunas
Autorzy:
Copper, P
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22494.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
brachiopod fauna
global loss
Palmatolepis linguiformis
climate cycle
Palmatolepis rhenana
Atrypida
water setting
mass extinction
Brachiopoda
South America
Famennian
shelf area
Frasnian
atrypid extinction
Late Devonian
Devonian
reef habitat
paleontology
Opis:
The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) mass extinctions saw the global loss of all genera belonging to the tropically confined order Atrypida (and Pentamerida): though Famennian forms have been reported in the literafure, none can be confirmed. Losses were more severe during the Givetian (including the extinction of the suborder Davidsoniidina, and the reduction of the suborder Lissatrypidina to a single genus), but origination rates in the remaining suborder surviving into the Frasnian kept the group alive, though much reduced in biodiversity from the late Early and Middle Devonian. In the terminal phases of the late Palmatolepis rhenana and P. linguiformis zones at the end of the Frasnian, during which the last few Atrypidae dechned, no new genera originated, and thus the Atrypida were extirpated. There is no evidence for an abrupt termination of all lineages at the F-F boundary, nor that the Atrypida were abundant at this time, since all groups were in decline and impoverished. Atypida were well established in dysaerobic, muddy substrate, reef lagoonal and off-reef deeper water settings in the late Givetian and Frasnian, alongside a range of brachiopod orders which sailed through the F-F boundary: tropical shelf anoxia or hypoxia seems implausible as a cause for atrypid extinction. Glacial-interglacial climate cycles recorded in South America for the Late Devonian, and their synchronous global cooling effect in low latitudes, as well as loss of the reef habitat and shelf area reduction, remain as the most likely combined scenarios for the mass extinction events.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1998, 43, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carbon Footprint Analysis of Cocoa Product Indonesia Using Life Cycle Assessment Methods
Autorzy:
Dianawati
Indrasti, Nastiti S.
Ismayana, Andes
Yuliasi, Indah
Djatna, Taufik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323820.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
carbon footprint
cocoa product
emission
global warming potential
life cycle assessment
Opis:
The production of cocoa beans in Indonesia into chocolate and other cocoa-derived products produces emissions that pollute the environment. This research aimed to calculate the carbon footprint of the cocoa agroindustry using the Life Cycle Assessment approach in Lampung, Indonesia. The LCA under study is within the scope of Cradle to Grave, starting from nurseries_cocoa plantations_dry cocoa beans_chocolate production_retail, and consumers with emission function units per 1 kg of product. The method refers to the ISO 14040:2006 life cycle assessment standard, with the stages of determining objectives and scope, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation of recommendations. Primary data was analyzed using Simapro 9.4.0.2 Software. Secondary data was collected through a literature study. Data analysis shows the highest environmental impact after normalization resulting from four activities: packaging, transportation from industry to marketing office, and transportation from marketing office to retail. The highest environmental impact is generated by industrial activities, with a total emission of 2.57E-10 per kg of dark chocolate. In this study, GWP 100a emissions from cocoa agroforestry and agroindustry activities within the scope of the Cradle to Grave study were 7.31E+01 kg CO2-eq per kg dark chocolate. In addition, selecting the type of packaging is an indicator that must be considered. Using a combination of aluminum foil, paper, and cardboard as packaging causes the second highest emission in the packaging sub-process after transportation from industry to marketing office in industrial activities. It is the 4th highest of all activities. One of the reasons for the high emissions produced in the final product or cocoa consumed by consumers is no longer in doubt. On the basis of normalization activities, the highest environmental impacts were generated by industrial activities, with a total emission of 2.57E-10. The use of packaging in packaging and fuel activities in transportation from industry to marketing office activities, industrial activities also use quite a large amount of electrical energy, namely 421.91 kWh. Recommendations for improvement can be identified to reduce the GHG impact and increase energy efficiency. Energy-saving sustainablemethods constitute a challenge for the cocoa agroindustry because they positively impact the reduction of the global warming potential.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 7; 187--197
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Steel soil composite bridge: an alternative design solution for short-span bridge towards sustainability
Autorzy:
Du, G.
Petersson, L.
Karoumi, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
concrete slab frame bridge
soil steel composite bridge
soil steel flexible culverts
LCA
C02 emission
sustainable construction
life cycle assessment (LCA)
global warming
climate change
Opis:
The construction sector is a major source of greenhouse gases. Under the increasing concern about climate change and growing construction activities, the whole sector is challenged to shift focus toward sustainable solutions. The traditional procurement often prioritizes technical and economic viability, while their environmental performance is overlooked. Today’s designers are urged to seek new design options to reduce environmental burdens. Sweden owns more than 24574 bridges, most of which are short spans. Among them, the slab frame bridge (CFB) is a common solution. Soil steel composite bridge (SSCB), alternatively, is a functional equivalent solution to CFB and shows advantages in low cost and easy construction. This paper compares the environmental performance between these two bridge types based on life cycle assessment (LCA). The analysis and its results show that the SSCB is preferable over CFB in most of the examined environmental indicators.
Źródło:
Archiwum Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej; 2017, 23; 91-101
1897-4007
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antykryzysowa aktywna polityka monetarna Banku Rezerw Federalnych w kontekście bezpieczeństwa systemu finansowego i koniunktury globalnej gospodarki
Active anti-crisis monetary policy of the Central Bank the in context of the security of the financial system and the global economic cycle
Autorzy:
Gwoździewicz, Sylwia
Prokopowicz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957021.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim
Tematy:
Bank Rezerw Federalnych
bezpieczeństwo ekonomiczne
system finansowy
bankowość centralna
interwencjonizm państwowy
polityka monetarna
koniunktura gospodarcza
kryzys finansowy
economic security
financial system
central banking
government intervention
monetary policy
economic conditions
the financial crisis
the Federal Reserve
Opis:
Lasting from 90 years of market development of the financial system in Poland has been slowed down, when the fall of 2008 began cyclical reach the Polish echo of the financial crisis. In developed countries launched anti-crisis interventionist aid programs in relation to the financial system and pro-growth instruments interventionist aim of stimulating economic growth weakened significantly. The costs of rescuing banks and businesses out of bankruptcy financial contributed to the increase in debt in the system of public finances in many countries. Already since 2009, they were carried out analysis and evaluation carried out interventionist government programs anti-crisis programs and activation of demand, investment, production and liquidity in the credit market. As part of the development-oriented activities of government intervention Federal Reserve Bank used the mild monetary policy of low interest rates and program activation lending and liquidity in the financial system by financing the purchase of commercial banks most vulnerable assets.
Źródło:
Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa; 2016, 1; 87-97
2543-6961
Pojawia się w:
Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS CYCLE FLUCTUATIONS IN POLAND BEFORE AND AFTER THE CRISIS
Autorzy:
Lenart, Łukasz
Mazur, Błażej
Pipień, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
APC processes
subsampling
Bayesian inference
global economic crisis
business cycle fluctuations
Opis:
The main objective of the paper is to investigate properties of business cycles in the Polish economy before and after the recent crisis. The essential issue addressed here is whether there is statistical evidence that the recent crisis has affected the properties of the business cycle fluctuations. In order to improve robustness of the results, we do not confine ourselves to any single inference method, but instead use different groups of statistical tools, including non-parametric methods based on subsampling and parametric Bayesian methods. We examine monthly series of industrial production (from January 1995 till December 2014), considering the properties of cycles in growth rates and in deviations from long-run trend. Empirical analysis is based on the sequence of expanding-window samples, with the shortest sample ending in December 2006. The main finding is that the two frequencies driving business cycle fluctuations in Poland correspond to cycles with periods of 2 and 3.5 years, and (perhaps surprisingly) the result holds both before and after the crisis. We, therefore, find no support for the claim that features (in particular frequencies) that characterize Polish business cycle fluctuations have changed after the recent crisis. The conclusion is unanimously supported by various statistical methods that are used in the paper, however, it is based on relatively short series of the data currently available.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 4; 769-783
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carbon Footprint of Production Processes of Polypropylene Nonwoven Shopping Bags
Poziom emisji związków węgla przy produkcji toreb na zakupy wykonanych z włókniny polipropylenowej
Autorzy:
Muthu, S. S.
Li, Y.
Hu, J. Y.
Mok, P. Y.
Liao, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/233883.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Biopolimerów i Włókien Chemicznych
Tematy:
poziom emisji związków węgla
produkcja toreb na zakupy
włóknina polipropylenowa
szycie
zgrzewanie
SimaPro
sewing technology
thermal attachment
global warming potential
life cycle impact assessment (LCIA)
Opis:
This article reports on the carbon footprint of production processes of polypropylene nonwoven shopping bags made out of two different manufacturing technologies (Products A and B, made by the conventional sewing and thermal joining methods) assessed from their cradle to the gate stage using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique. This study was performed based on the comprehensive Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) of two different manufacturing sequences obtained from a detailed in-field study of the nonwoven PP bag manufacturing industry. The environmental impacts were quantified by means of the IPCC 2007 GWP V 1.1. method in SIMAPRO 7.2. The carbon footprint expressed in terms of the global warming potential (kg CO2 values for 20 and 100 years), calculated by IPCC 2007 methods, was considered as a directive to compare the environmental impact of these bags, manufactured by the two different technologies, and a detailed explanation of the results is provided in this paper. From the results of carbon footprint modelling, product A, made by conventional sewing technology, was found to be better than product B, made by thermal technology. A detailed explanation of the results of the environmental performance of these bags as well as the hot-spots in both production technologies are discussed to a greater extent in this article.
Artykuł dotyczy poziomu emisji związków węgla przy produkcji toreb na zakupy wykonanych z włókniny polipropylenowej przy zastosowaniu dwóch różnych technologii (konwencjonalne szycie i zgrzewanie termiczne) ocenionego techniką LCA - środowiskowej oceny analizy cyklu życia produktu. Badania przeprowadzono w oparciu o wyczerpującą analizę zbioru danych cyklu życia (LCI) dwóch różnych procedur produkcyjnych opartych na zebraniu danych od producentów toreb. Ilościowa ocena wpływu środowiska została wyliczona stosując metodę IPCC 2007 GWP V 1.1. Emisja związków węgla w kategoriach potencjału tworzenia efektu cieplarnianego (wartość kgCO2 podana dla 20 i 100 lat) zastała uznana za istotny czynnik dla oceny wpływu analizowanych procesów produkcyjnych na środowisko. Stwierdzono, że z punktu widzenia emisji korzystniejszy jest tradycyjny sposób produkcji - zszywanie, w porównaniu do zgrzewania.
Źródło:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe; 2012, 3 (92); 12-15
1230-3666
2300-7354
Pojawia się w:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The late Silurian-Middle Devonian long-term eustatic cycle as a possible control on the global generic diversity dynamics of bivalves and gastropods
Autorzy:
Ruban, Dmitry A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94693.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
bivalves
gastropods
diversity dynamics
origination
extinction
eustatic changes
Silurian
Devonian
małże
ślimaki
powstawanie
wyginięcie
zmiany eustatyczne
Dewon
Opis:
A long-term eustatic cycle (fall and subsequent rise of the global sea level) embraced the late Silurian-Middle Devonian time interval. Potentially, these sea-level changes could drive global biodiversity. The stratigraphic ranges of 204 bivalve genera and 279 gastropod genera included into the famous Sepkoski database allow reconstructing changes in the total diversity and the number of originations and extinctions of these important groups of marine benthic macro- -invertebrates during this interval. None of the recorded parameters coincided with the long-term global sea-level cycle. It cannot be not excluded, however, that the global sea-level changes did not affect the regions favourable for bivalve and gastropod radiation because of regional tectonic mechanisms; neither can it be excluded that the eustatic control persisted together with many other extrinsic and intrinsic controls. Interestingly, the generic diversity of gastropods increased together with a cooling trend, and vice versa. Additionally, the Ludlow, Eifelian, and Givetian biotic crises affected, probably, both fossil groups under study. There was also a coincidence of the relatively high bivalve generic diversity, initial radiation of gastropods and the entire biota, and the diversification of brachiopods with the Early Devonian global sea-level lowstand, and this may be interpreted as evidence of a certain eustatic control on the marine biodiversity.
Źródło:
Geologos; 2013, 19, 3; 193-200
1426-8981
2080-6574
Pojawia się w:
Geologos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza uzroka i posljedica globalnih ekonomskih kriza 20. i 21. stoljeća
Analysis of the causes and consequences of the global economic crisis of the 20th and 21st centuries
Autorzy:
Rukavina, Vjekoslav
Katavić, Ivica
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48525975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
European Business School Zagreb
Tematy:
ekonomija
ciklus
kriza
društvo
odluka
menadžment
economy
cycle
crisis
society
decision
management
Opis:
Svjetska je ekonomija, više nego ikada, iznimno povezana i transparentna, a putanje dobara, usluga i ljudi dostupne svakom pojedincu spojenom na internetsku mrežu. Upravo zato ostaje nejasna činjenica da se greške u ljudskim odlukama i dalje ponavljaju, kao i reakcija društva u cjelini na odluke pojedinaca. Također, državni mehanizmi za kontrolu gospodarstva i dalje nisu u mogućnosti efikasno reagirati na događaje u vrijeme kontrakcije ekonomskog obujma. Iz toga proizlazi motivacija za izradu ovog istraživanja, koja uključuje proučavanje brojnih određenih situacija u kojima je ljudska odluka, direktno ili indirektno, stvorila jedan od glavnih uzroka budućeg gospodarskog pada. Pregledom ekonomskih ciklusa i ekonomskih kriza tijekom prošlog i ovog stoljeća, uočava se stalna pojava ljudske odluke kao glavnog generatora gospodarskih tokova, bilo pozitivnih, bilo negativnih. U isto je vrijeme vidljiv i stalni obrazac ponašanja društva u raznim fazama ekonomskih ciklusa. Samim time, vrlo je bitno educirati pojedince i društvo o mogućim financijskim rezultatima njihovih kratkoročnih i dugoročnih odluka, kao i odluka koje se tiču uže ili šire zajednice. Svakako je nužno i podrobnije proučavanje društva, kao i razvoja gospodarstva, kako bi se u budućnosti moglo što efikasnije reagirati na pozitivne i negativne posljedice ekonomskih ciklusa.
The world economy is, more than ever, extremely connected and transparent, and the paths of goods, services and people are available to every individual connected to the Internet. For that reason, it remains unclear why mistakes in human decisions continue to be repeated, as well as the reaction of society as a whole about the decisions of individuals. Also, state mechanisms that control the economy are still unable to respond effectively to events at a time of economic contraction. Hence the motivation for this research, which includes a study of a number of specific situations in which human decisions, directly or indirectly, have created one of the main causes of future economic decline. A review of economic cycles and economic crises over the past and this century, shows the constant emergence of human decision as the main generator of economic flows, whether positive or negative. At the same time, a constant pattern of society’s behavior in various phases of economic cycles is visible. Therefore, it is very important to educate individuals and society about the possible financial results of their short-term and long-term decisions, as well as decisions concerning the immediate or wider community. Certainly it is necessary to study society in more detail, as well as the development of the economy, in order to be able to react in the future as efficiently as possible to the positive and negative consequences of economic cycles.
Źródło:
Obrazovanje za poduzetništvo - E4E : znanstveno stručni časopis o obrazovanju za poduzetništvo; 2022, 12, 1; 45-65
1849-7845
1849-661X
Pojawia się w:
Obrazovanje za poduzetništvo - E4E : znanstveno stručni časopis o obrazovanju za poduzetništvo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perspectives and problems in sustainable development
Perspektywy i problemy zrównoważonego rozwoju
Autorzy:
Sanchez, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/371715.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Człowiek i Środowisko PAN
Tematy:
global warming
life cycle assessment (LCA)
sustainable development
sustainable tourism
waste management
Opis:
Sustainable development has undergone an important evolution over recent years. It has been used not only as a tool to decide among several options in research programs but also in political decisions. However, how can we measure if something is sustainable or not? It seems that Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the most powerful technique to objectively describe and determine the sustainability of a new project, idea, change in established lines, etc. However, some important aspects are lacking today in LCA, for instance, experimental data on environmental impact related to emission factors. In sustainable development, global warming is presented today as the major reason to carry out sustainability studies. Although global warming is, of course, an important reason for attaining sustainability, it is not the only reason. In this work, relevant aspects related to two important topics involved in modern sustainable development, sustainable tourism and waste management are briefly introduced.
Źródło:
Problemy Ekorozwoju; 2008, 3, 2; 21-23
1895-6912
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Ekorozwoju
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza wartości śladu węglowego dla grupy obuwia dziecięcego
Carbon footprint for a group of childrens footwear
Autorzy:
Serweta, W.
Gajewski, R.
Olszewski, P.
Zapatero, A.
Ławińska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/395099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
ślad węglowy
cykl życia obuwia
potencjał tworzenia efektu cieplarnianego
obuwie
carbon footprint
footwear life cycle
global warming potential
footwear
Opis:
W artykule dokonano analizy wartości śladu węglowego dla obuwia dziecięcego, czyli takiego, które charakteryzuje się niewielką masą, ale różni się pod względem materiałów konstrukcyjnych. Ślad węglowy jest to ekologiczny wskaźnik, który stosowany jest do pomiaru sumy emisji gazów cieplarnianych (GHG) do atmosfery, wynikającej z wytworzenia obuwia. Złożoność metodyki jego obliczania implikowana jest faktem, że produkcja obuwia jest procesem wieloetapowym i na każdym z nich istnieje prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Dodatkowo stosowanie szerokiej gamy materiałów zarówno sztucznych, jak i naturalnych do wytwarzania półproduktów obuwniczych powoduje, że w cyklu życia mogą pojawiać się duże ilości odpadów stałych, ścieków, a także emisja szkodliwych gazów cieplarnianych, mogących mieć negatywny wpływ na środowisko. Różnorodność materiałów wiąże się z powstawaniem problemów, związanych z precyzją określenia źródła ich pochodzenia, co utrudnia oszacowanie śladu węglowego związanego z produkcją surowców, zwłaszcza w przypadku, gdy istnieje skomplikowany łańcuch dostaw. W niniejszej pracy na podstawie dostępnej metodyki obliczono ślad węglowy dla czterech modeli obuwia dziecięcego (jeden o cholewce w postaci otwartej (obuwie typu sandał) oraz trzy o cholewce pełnej) z uwzględnieniem poszczególnych cykli jego życia obejmujących: nabycie surowców (etap 1), produkcję materiałów wejściowych (etap 2), produkcję komponentów obuwia (etap 3), montaż, wykańczanie, pakowanie (etap 4), produkcję opakowań (etap 5), dystrybucję do klientów (etap 6) oraz koniec cyklu życia produktu (etap 8), poprzedzony okresem użytkowania ustalonym na 6 miesięcy (etap 7). Na tej podstawie wskazano te obszary cyklu życia obuwia, w których możliwa jest implementacja opcji zmniejszających ilość wyemitowanych gazów cieplarnianych wyrażonych w ekwiwalencie dwutlenku węgla. Potencjalne działania naprawcze powinny być w szczególności skierowane na etapy: 3 (najbardziej emisyjny), 4 oraz 8.
In this paper, the analysis of carbon footprint values for children’s footwear was conducted. This group of products is characterized by similar small mass and diversity in the used materials. The carbon footprint is an environmental indicator, which is used to measure the total sets of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the atmosphere caused by a product throughout its entire lifecycle. The complexity of carbon footprint calculation methodology is caused by multistage production process. The probability of emission greenhouse gases exists at each of these stages. Moreover, a large variety of footwear materials – both synthetic and natural, give the possibility of the emission of a lot of waste, sewage and gases, which can be dangerous to the environment. The diversity of materials could be the source of problems with the description of their origins, which make carbon footprint calculations difficult, especially in cases of complex supply chains. In this paper, with use of life cycle assessment, the carbon footprint was calculated for 4 children’s footwear types (one with an open upper and three with full uppers). The life cycles of the product were divided into 8 stages: raw materials extraction (stage 1), production of input materials (stage 2), footwear components manufacture (stage 3), footwear manufacture (stage 4), primary packaging manufacture (stage 5), footwear distribution to customers (stage 6), use phase (stage 7) and product’s end of life (stage 8). On these grounds, it was possible to point out the life cycle stages, where the optimization activities can be implemented in order to reduce greenhouse gases emissions. The obtained results showed that the most intensive corrective actions should be focused on the following stages: 3 (the higher emissivity), 4 and 8.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN; 2018, 107; 215-225
2080-0819
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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