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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Lesny obszar funkcjonalny - pojecie, zasady delimitacji
    Forest area functional unit - definition, the principles of delimitation
    Autorzy:
    Zielony, R
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/880612.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Leśny Zakład Doświadczalny. Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej w Rogowie
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    funkcje lasu
    kompleksy lesne
    obszary problemowe
    obszary funkcjonalne
    lesne kompleksy promocyjne
    lesne obszary funkcjonalne
    planowanie przestrzenne
    terminologia
    delimitacja
    Opis:
    W pracy omówiono w ogólnym zarysie problemy związane z interpretacją pojęcia las i kompleks leśny oraz sposób ujmowania zagadnień leśnych w pracach z zakresu planowania przestrzennego. Przedstawiono także propozycję definicji i delimitacji granic leśnego obszaru funkcjonalnego (LOF).
    In this paper there is presented the outline of the basic problems connected with the interpretation of the terms ‘forest’ and ‘forest complex’, as well as the role and place of forest-related topics in the whole scope of the land use planning activity. A proposal is submitted of the definition and delimitation of borders of a forest area functional unit (FAFU).
    Źródło:
    Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej; 2008, 10, 3[19]; 21-33
    1509-1414
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Definicja lasu w ustawie o lasach
    Forest definition in the Forest Act
    Дефиниция леса в законе о лесах
    Autorzy:
    Ptak, Jarosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489172.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
    Tematy:
    forest definition
    land property
    forest management
    forest production
    дефиниция леса
    земельный участок
    лесное хозяйство
    лесное производство
    Opis:
    Forest is a concept difficult to define in legal language. In European Union Member States the concept refers to both, an area from 0.05 ha up to 2 ha as well as an area of tree crowns from 10% to 30%. Forest definition in Poland is significantly different from the forest definition included in the European Union legislation. The Forest Act introduces four criteria of considering a given land a forest: environmental criterion, spatial criterion, criterion of the use for forest production and criterion of a relation with forest management. For the purpose of proper interpretation of forest definition, the interpretation of the following criteria is of importance: the use of the land for the purposes of forest management and its use for forest production. It is necessary to amend the forest act in the scope of specifying the forest definition. The legislator should also solve the problem concerning the issue of types of forest crops, a type of forest stand that can be considered as forest. A new forest definition should include the issue of planting fast-growing trees, pines understood as a separate type of production forests and the issue of considering the land as forest area, when this land cannot be of use for forest management.
    Определение понятия леса в юридическом языке вызывает трудности. В государствах-членах Европейского Союза учитывается как территорию площадью от 0,05 до 2 гектаров, так и поверхность крон деревьев от 10% до 30%. Дефиниция леса в Польше значительно отличается от дефиниции принятой в законодательстве ЕС. Закон «о лесах» вводит четыре критерия признанная данного участка лесом: природный, территориальный, назначения для лесного производства и связи с лесном хозяйством. Для правильной интерпретации дефиниции леса значение имеет интерпретация критериев использования участка в лесном хозяйстве и его назначения для лесного производства. Существует не- обходимость новеллизации закона «о лесах» в сфере совершенствования дефиниции леса. Законодатель должен решить вопросы касающиеся видов лесных выращивании и древостоя, которые могут быть признаны лесом. Новая дефиниция должна определять позицию плантации деревьев быстрого роста, хвойных как отдельного вида производственных лесов, а также предусматривать ситуацию признания участков лесом тогда, когда они не могут быть использованы для лесного хозяйства.
    Źródło:
    Prawne Problemy Górnictwa i Ochrony Środowiska; 2016, 1; 67-84
    2451-3431
    Pojawia się w:
    Prawne Problemy Górnictwa i Ochrony Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Definicja lasu w ujęciu krajowym i międzynarodowym oraz jej znaczenie dla wielkości i zmian powierzchni lasów w Polsce
    National and international definition of forest and its importance for the forest area in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Jabłoński, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989804.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy
    tereny lesne
    powierzchnia lasow
    definicje
    Polska
    Organizacja Narodow Zjednoczonych
    Protokol z Kioto
    forest definition
    forest cover
    land use
    forest expansion
    afforestation
    kyoto protocol
    Opis:
    Sustainable forest management, the leading topic in forest and environmental policy since the 1990s, has required an appropriate tools for both clarification of general principles and measurement of its progress. Many of indicators developed for these purpose are based on forest area. However, definitions of forest are not compatible, especially on national and worldwide scale. Definition of forest applied by FAO refers to crown cover and land use, while definition adopted for reporting under Kyoto Protocol refers only to the occurrence of trees. Polish Act on Forest applies the destination of land use as a determinant of forest. Paper analyses the process of forest area assessment in Poland for the purpose of national as well as FAO and UNFCCC reporting. Natural expansion of trees on abandoned agriculture land, still classified as the agriculture areas in cadastral system, was recognized as the biggest challenge of forest area assessment in Poland. Although natural succession is described by many authors, the total area subjected to this process is unknown. According to the FAO and Kyoto Protocol rules such areas should be reported as forests. As a consequence, forest area in Poland could be at least a few hundred thousand hectares higher than reported in the last assessments basing only on cadastral system. The proper classification of forests not recorded in the cadastral system would also be important challenge, otherwise between forest area on country and international level will be a huge discrepancy. But, there are some areas classified as a forest in Poland, which probably should not be included within FAO and Kyoto reporting. However, the most important topic concerns the possibility of identification of afforested areas, submitted under article 3.3. of Kyoto Protocol, basing on forest area changes between 1989 and 2012. One should recognise if afforested area is not overestimated using such approach, as a result of modification of forest definition in Poland in 1991. Additional question concerns the forest lands included into cadastral system after 1990, but afforested or resulting from natural succession occurring before that time, which currently are reported as afforestation under article 3.3. of Kyoto Protocol.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 06; 469-482
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wielkoobszarowa inwentaryzacja stanu lasu źródłem informacji o powierzchni lasów w Polsce
    Forest area in Poland based on national forest inventory
    Autorzy:
    Jabłoński, M.
    Mionskowski, M.
    Budniak, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985910.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Polska
    lasy
    lesistosc
    powierzchnia lasow
    zrodla informacji
    inwentaryzacja lasu
    inwentaryzacja wielkopowierzchniowa
    forest definition
    land use
    land cover
    nfi
    cluster sampling
    Opis:
    Forest area in Poland is annually evaluated as a part of public statistics research. However, this information is based on land use resulting from Land and Property Register (LPR). Delays in the reclassification of afforested land, as well as the natural expansion of trees on abandoned agricultural lands, observed over the last decades, caused that information from LPR becomes unreliable. In many countries forest area is assessed within the National Forest Inventories (NFIs) based upon systematic grid of sample plots. NFI in Poland has been performed since 2005, in 4×4 kilometre grid with clusters consisting of five plots. Until 2014 measurements were made only on these sample plots which were located in forest according to LPR records. Within the 3rd NFI cycle (2015−2019) the areas fulfilling the criteria of forest definition, but located on non−forest land referring to LPR, has become the object of study. The aim of this work is to present statistical approach for evaluation of forest area using NFI cluster sampling data. Additionally, results from two year measurements (2015−2016) were analysed and compared with LPR data. Attributes of NFI plots allow to apply national forest criteria as well as the land use and land cover thresholds recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations or Kyoto Protocol. Our research shows that forest cover in Poland is in the range of 32.8−33.0%, depending on forest definition used, and is almost 3% higher than official LPR data (30.1%). The standard error of forest cover, based on two years NFI data is 0.44. Thus, with 95% probability the true value of this parameter lies between 31.9 and 33.7%, while country thresholds of forest definition are used. Additionally it was assessed that using the entire NFI cycle data the standard error of forest cover should be lower i.e. less than 0.3. The National Forest Inventory seems to be an appropriate tool for monitoring forest area in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 365-372
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The definition of the area of felling forests by high resolution satellite images
    Autorzy:
    Burshtynska, K.
    Polishchuk, B.
    Madyar, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100258.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    remote sensing of the Earth
    space image
    forest monitoring
    classification
    method of maximum probability
    Mahalanobis's method
    method of minimum distance
    deforestation
    teledetekcja Ziemi
    klasyfikacja
    monitoring lasu
    metoda maksymalnego prawdopodobieństwa
    Metoda Mahalanobisa
    wylesienie
    Opis:
    The paper presents a hybrid classification method based on the determination of the optimal number of classes according to uncontrolled classification followed by image processing techniques of controlled classification. A criterion for determining the optimal number of classes is proposed based on the definition of averaged values differences of average spectral brightness among the classes. Space images from satellites Ikonos (2002, 2007) and QuickBird (2010) were used to study different time cuttings in the forests of the Carpathian region. A significant amount of ground observation was held for getting test information. A Hybrid Classification Method is used for different time cuttings by QuickBird satellite images and implemented in a software environment of ERDAS Imagine. In order to obtain acreage of cuttings made for the period of 2002-2007 and 2007-2010, a comparative analysis of cuttings is introduced in these time intervals and their area is determined on the basis of the digital images of polygons in the ArcGIS software environment.
    Źródło:
    Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape; 2014, 3; 43-54
    2300-1496
    Pojawia się w:
    Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Certesella larai (Amoebozoa: Arcellinida: Hyalospheniformes) a new soil testate amoeba species from the Dominican Republic and Chile challenges the definition of genera Certesella and Porosia
    Autorzy:
    Bobrov, Anatoly
    Duckert, Clément
    Mitchell, Edward A. D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041966.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-02-14
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    Testate amoebae
    Hyalospheniidae
    genus Porosia
    genus Certesella
    forest litter
    peat bog
    Opis:
    Microbial diversity is known to be huge but remains only partly documented. Testate amoebae are a relatively well studied group or free-living protists that build morphologically characteristic shells on which the taxonomy of this group is mainly based. Among testate amoebae, the Hyalospheniformes are especially well documented and are a model group for microbial biogeography. Here we describe a new species of genus Certesella from Sphagnum mosses and forest litter samples collected in the Dominican Republic and Chile. We name this species Certesella larai to honour our esteemed colleague Enrique Lara. This species bears two large pores connected by tube, which are characteristic of the genera Porosia and Certesella. The new species fits best in the latter genus given the presence of a distinct, sometimes denticulated, neck with a bulge that is absent in genus Porosia but occurs in Certesella. Its elongated shape (length/breadth ratio 2.03–2.58) only overlaps with C. certesi, which is distinguishable by the presence of a distinct longitudinal groove in the neck region that is absent from the new species. Interestingly most specimens lacked the internal teeth which are usually present in members of genus Certesella. As such, while the morphology of C. larai strongly suggests a belonging to genus Certesella, molecular analyses are still required to confirm its phylogenetic position, clarify the relationships among all species in genera Porosia and Certesella and the definition and validity of these two genera. The presence of this new species in two rather distant regions – Caribbean and central Chile – suggests it is likely widespread, but possibly rare. However, this perception may be due to a sampling bias in favour of Sphagnum mosses and wet and organic-rich habitats. This illustrates the need for a more systematic sampling effort to document the full and mostly unknown taxonomic diversity of soil protists.
    Źródło:
    Acta Protozoologica; 2021, 60; 61-75
    1689-0027
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Protozoologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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