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Tytuł:
Embeddedness of Social and Economic Relations in Systemic Transformation. Long-Term Evidence From the Post-Communist Transition in Poland, 1988–2003
Autorzy:
Wilk, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-08-27
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
Friendship ties
social networks
status attainment
entrepreneurship
(dis)embeddedness of
economic relations in social relations
Opis:
This paper intervenes in the Granovetter-Polanyi debate by reassessing the level of embeddedness of social and economic relations under conditions of systemic transition. Using panel data collected in Poland, this analysis examines this relationship for three distinct periods of transition: initial (1988–1993), advanced (1993–1998), and post-transitional (1998–2003). This paper shows that during transition from communism to capitalism economic relations tended to disembed from social relations, but this relationship remained significant; friendship ties were conductive to an individual upward mobility, economic well-being and entrepreneurial activity. In contrast to Polanyi’s argument, however, entrepreneurship-the most marketable area of individual advancement-is found to exhibit the highest degree of social–economic embeddedness. These results do not directly support either Polanyi’s or Granovetter’s arguments, however they do accord with a neo-Polanyian argument, as advanced in this paper.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2009, 165, 1; 81-106
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Social-and-economic order of organizational interaction in the systems of production management
Autorzy:
Lobanova, Alla
Tulenkov, Mykola V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410147.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
social order
social-and-economic order
social organization
organizational interaction
production management
ownership relations
Opis:
The results of social-and-economic order analysis in the context of formation and representing organizational interaction between managing subjects of production management are considered in the article. It was proved that social-and-economic order, as a type of social order, is acting as the determinative prerequisite of formation efficient organizational interaction in any system of present-day management. It was well-grounded that social-and-economic order of organizational interactions is caused by economic requirements and economic interests of production subjects has a relevant legal content, and its determinative element stands for ordering ownership relations, i.e., order between people as far as owning and managing means of production are concerned. The author’s models of representing organizational interaction in the systems of production management depending on forms and methods of division relations of ownership for means of production are presented in the article.
Źródło:
Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2019, 2 (27); 93-99
2299-0461
Pojawia się w:
Management Systems in Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Węgiel w polsko-radzieckich stosunkach gospodarczych
Coal in Polish-Soviet economic relations
Autorzy:
Kaliński, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31340583.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
PRL
USSR
economic relations
war reparations
foreign trade
ZSRR
stosunki gospodarcze
reparacje wojenne
handel zagraniczny
Opis:
W stosunkach gospodarczych między PRL a ZSRR ważne miejsce zajmował polski węgiel. Jego bogate zasoby stanowiły istotny element polityki radzieckiej wobec Polski. Bezpośrednio po wojnie dostawy czarnego paliwa na Wschód były rodzajem kontrybucji. Władze radzieckie tłumaczyły je swoimi stratami w reparacjach wojennych w wyniku przekazania Polsce niemieckich ziem nad Odrą i Nysą Łużycką, zwłaszcza silnie uprzemysłowionego i posiadającego bogate zasoby naturalne Śląska. Związek Radziecki nie powstrzymał się także przed bezpośrednim przejęciem części polskich złóż węgla na Lubelszczyźnie w wyniku wymuszonej w 1951 r. korekty granicy państwowej. Dostawy w latach 1946 –1953 węgla „reparacyjnego” po zaniżonych cenach przyniosły Polsce poważne straty finansowe i hamowały rozwój stosunków gospodarczych z państwami Zachodu. Niekorzystny ekonomicznie był także eksport węgla w ramach umów handlowych zawieranych od 1945 r. Władze radzieckie narzucały zarówno nadmierne kwoty dostaw, jak i trudne warunki finansowe. Od 1949 r. wykorzystywały w tym celu mechanizm cenowy i kursowy stosowany w ramach podległej Moskwie Rady Wzajemnej Pomocy Gospodarczej. Tylko w latach 60. był on korzystny dla Polski, zaś w następnych dekadach przynosił straty. Wymuszony w całym okresie PRL eksport węgla do ZSRR powodował deficyt paliw na rynku krajowym, utrudniał wykorzystanie istniejącego potencjału gospodarczego i utrzymanie odpowiedniego poziomu życiowego ludności. Transformacja ustrojowa po 1989 r., która wprowadziła regulacje rynkowe do handlu zagranicznego, spowodowała załamanie eksportu węgla do ch ylącego się ku upadkowi ZSRR.
Polish coal played an important role in economic relations between the People's Republic of Poland and the USSR. Its resources constituted an important element of the Soviet policy towards Poland. In 1946–1953, the forced deliveries of black fuel were a kind of donation. The Soviet authorities explained them with losses in war reparations as a result of the transfer of German lands on the Oder and Nysa Łużycka to Poland, with rich coal resources in Silesia. The Soviet Union also did not refrain from taking over some of the Polish coal deposits as a result of the forced correction of the borders in the east in 1951. Deliveries of "reparative" coal at lower prices brought Poland serious financial losses and inhibited the development of economic relations with Western countries. The export of coal under trade agreements concluded from 1945 was also economically unfavorable. The Soviet authorities imposed both excessive quotas and difficult financial conditions. From 1949, for this purpose, they used the price and exchange rate mechanism applied by the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. Only in the 1960s did it become beneficial for Poland, and in the following decades it brought losses. The export of coal to the USSR, which in the 1980s amounted to 30% of total exports, caused a deficit of fuels on the domestic market, made it difficult to use the existing economic potential and maintain an adequate standard of living of the population. The political transformation after 1989, which introduced market regulations to foreign trade, led to the collapse of coal exports to the USSR.
Źródło:
UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences; 2021, 20, 3; 93-112
2543-8379
Pojawia się w:
UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Principle of Subsidiarity as a Valuable Benchmark in the Regulation of Economic Relations
Autorzy:
Kondratienė, Virginija
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
the principle of subsidiarity
state governance
regulation of economic systems
the concept of social rule-of-law state
Opis:
The principle of subsidiarity can be an effective tool for adjusting economic systems and establishing the social rule-of-law concept in public organisation. In considering the usability of the principle of subsidiarity, the following aspects thereof are discussed: the role in the development of the European social model; employment in determining limits for the powers of the public and private sectors; the application in the market and planned economy systems; and the social justice function in the development of a social welfare state. The principle of subsidiarity as an instrument for individuals’ interests, balancing and adjusting in the regulation of economic systems, helps to establish the relative sizes of public policy and the market, as subsidiarity can help ensure a more equitable distribution of public goods while guaranteeing the maintenance of the creative potency of operators and minimal satisfaction of vital needs of individuals unable to contribute to the production of goods. It amounts to a constitutional measure determining the balance of productive and protective state, thus ensuring the stability of the state organisation. In the concept of a social rule-of-law state, subsidiarity draws clear limits to the state’s powers, institutionally bringing together efforts of all members of the community to achieve welfare in the state.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2014, 17, 4
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plato’s The Republic recovered. A few ethical, economic and social aspects in contemporary dialogues
Autorzy:
Głodowska, Anna
Matera, Paulina
Matera, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
ethics and economic relations
Plato’s The Republic
interpretation of Plato’s thought
Opis:
The main purpose of the article is the presentation and interpretation of some ethical, economic and social aspects in the works of Plato. The division of labour, wealth, the meaning of money, use of interest and paying taxes are the most interesting problems in Plato’s vision of The Republic. There one can also find some current problems such as the attitude of citizens towards their states, the ethical standards required of the authorities or the role of women. This article was written in the form of a dialogue; the same as the works of Plato.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2017, 20, 6; 7-20
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relacje między wartościami społecznymi i ekonomicznymi w ujęciu socjologicznej koncepcji Floriana Znanieckiego
Relations between social and economic values in terms of the sociological concept of Florian Znaniecki
Autorzy:
Sajdera, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16538850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-27
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Nauk Pedagogicznych PAN
Tematy:
Florian Znaniecki
wartości społeczne
wartości ekonomiczne
urynkowienie edukacji
social values
economic values
marketization of education
Opis:
The work is devoted to the analysis of the Florian Znaniecki’s idea of the relationships between two systems of values – the social one and the economic one. The presented analysis focuses on the Znaniecki’s theses in the reference to the current market approach to education.
Źródło:
Rocznik Pedagogiczny; 2021, 44; 71-80
0137-9585
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Activities of self-employed persons in the conditions of digitalization
Autorzy:
Bagirova, Ganna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057833.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
self-employed person
employee
labor relations
legislation of Ukraine and foreign countries
social and legal status
participants in tax relations
status of self-employed persons
economic dependence of self-employed persons
a person pursuing an independent professional activity
Opis:
In modern conditions, the level of scientific development of theoretical and practical problems of self-employment is at an early stage. It should be noted that in the conditions of market transformations, self-employment for a certain part of the population is a way to survive in difficult life situations. Self-employment as a type of economic behavior can be described, on the one hand, as a strategy to ensure living conditions in a changing life situation and solve the problem of unemployment, and on the other – as the first step in the implementation of entrepreneurial behavior. The transition of self-employment to entrepreneurial activity is a social indicator of maturity of the subject of individual labor activity. Self-employment is a manifestation of further self-organization of individuals and is characterized as a strategy to solve the problem of unemployment and ensure proper living conditions. Determined by autonomy and freedom of action, self-employment ideally allows a person to receive income, adequate quantity and quality of labor and investment. At the legislative level, the term “self-employed person” has the following definition. A self-employed person is a taxpayer who is an individual entrepreneur or carries out an independent professional activity, provided that such a person is not an employee within such entrepreneurial or independent professional activity. Self-employment differs from traditional employment with regular remuneration by its inherent autonomy and individual orientation, which contributes to the gradual formation of a fundamentally new stratum of the economically active population, which has abandoned paternalistic expectations. This is the social value of self-employment. The most common type of self-employment is entrepreneurial activity, which includes a system of actions and deeds related to starting your own business, business activity, risk. The market environment expands the freedom to choose the scope of labor, the possibility of applying labor, which, combined with the responsibility of economic entities for the results of production, promotes the development of effective forms of self-employment, including small business.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2022, 20; 7-14
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Проблемы реализации экономических интересов основных субъектов социально-трудовых отношений в условиях модернизации экономики
Problems of realizing economic interests of the main social entities within labour relations in the conditions of economic modernization
Autorzy:
Teron, Irina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1826480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Warszawska im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie
Tematy:
economic interests
Ukrainian economy modernization
interesy gospodarcze
modernizacja ukraińskiej gospodarki
Opis:
The article is devoted to research of the economic interests under the conditions of Ukrainian economy modernization. Contents and contradictory interaction of economic interests of employees, employers and the state are considered. The satisfaction level of economic interests employees on the economic activities and regions is analyzed. The implementation problems of labour market agents in terms of their influence on the process of modernization economy are determined.
Artykuł jest poświęcony badaniom interesów gospodarczych w warunkach modernizacji ukraińskiej gospodarki. Omawia treść i wzajemne sprzeczne oddziaływanie gospodarczych interesów pracowników, pracodawców i państwa.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Warszawskiej im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie; 2013, 1(39); 109-124
1897-2500
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Warszawskiej im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cross-border cooperation at the external border of the European Union in the context of political, economic and social conditions: the case of the Polish-Russian neighbourhood
Autorzy:
Batyk, Iwona M.
Rzeczkowski, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22444402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
Polish-Russian cross-border cooperation
external border of the EU
political and economic conditions
social relations
Opis:
Research background: Integration and globalization processes encourage activities for the development of border regions. For the north-eastern regions of Poland and the Kaliningrad region, cross-border neighbourhood enables regions to cooperate and provides an opportunity for economic and social recovery. Purpose of the article: The present article aims to analyse areas of cross-border activity taking place on the Polish-Russian borderland, based on the opinions of the inhabitants of the Kaliningrad region. Taking into account the rapidly changing political and economic conditions, as well as social relations, the following areas of Polish-Russian cross-border cooperation have been examined: economic activity, tourism, social activity, scientific cooperation, neighbourly relations. Methods: The study presents the results of the author?s own research carried out using standardized interviews with 1,022 inhabitants of the Kaliningrad region. As the research instrument, a self-designed interview questionnaire. The adopted time frame encompassed four stages of the functioning of Polish-Russian cross-border cooperation, each of them different due to political, eco-nomic and social conditions. The sample was selected using the quota method. The correspondence analysis was used for statistical tools. Findings & Value added: The suspension of local border traffic has significantly limited the development of cross-border cooperation. The Polish-Russian relations, encumbered with high risk and uncertainty, have led to a considerable decrease in cooperation between border areas. The level of risk results not only from mutual relations between Poland and Russia, but is also a consequence of political and economic relations between the European Union and the Russian Federation. In the long term perspective, local border traffic may be open and similar conditions for the functioning of cross-border cooperation may occur. Therefore, knowledge about the activity of cross-border residents of Polish-Russian border regions will be useful in counteracting the undesirable effects that may occur.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2020, 15, 4; 833-871
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of seaport development on the social environment: a case study of a port city with low unemployment and dominating tourism function
Autorzy:
Pluciński, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135098.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
seaports
port cities
socio-economic relations between seaports and port cities investments in seaport infrastructure
container terminal
Świnoujście
Opis:
The issue of the impact of seaports on their direct vicinity has been repeatedly addressed in the academic literature. The developed merits of their impact is mainly related to employment in the port/port cluster, the seaport’s share of the municipality’s labour market, and the added value produced by the port/port cluster or the volume and structure of uncompensated flows into the municipality’s budget on account of the port’s operations. This article is aimed at providing an answer to the question of how to evaluate the impact of a new investment project in a seaport on its direct vicinity in a situation of low unemployment in the port’s municipality and the dominating tourism function in its economy. The research methodology was based on a single case study of the city of Świnoujście and the seaport in Świnoujście; the dominating economic function of this municipality is tourism. Moreover, it is the location of one of the four seaports with primary significance for the national economy. The development plans for the Szczecin & Świnoujście Seaports Authority include the construction of a deepwater container hub terminal. The investment will have an impact on the local social environment. The results of the conducted research studies are presented in the article both in a traditional approach enumerating the benefits of such an investment project for the local environment, as well as proposing a new approach to the evaluation of its benefits (inter alia, providing employment opportunities for people who so far have been forced to look for jobs outside the municipality and the long-term unemployed, preventing young and educated people from moving out of the municipality, attracting new inhabitants, improving the employment-to-population ratio, and stopping the city’s population ageing).
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2019, 60 (132); 161-167
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 15

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