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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 51
Tytuł:
Institutional Design, Efficiency and Due Process in Competition Enforcement: Lessons from Slovenia and Serbia
Autorzy:
Smiljanić, Veljko
Rihtar, Kevin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159031.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-18
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
antitrust
competition law
Central and Eastern Europe
efficiency
competition enforcement systems
judicial review
Slovenia
Serbia
Opis:
The article compares the institutional designs and historic legacy of the Slovenian and Serbian competition enforcement framework, and discusses the advantages and drawbacks of each model. Slovenia implemented a mixed model, where the competition enforcement procedure is divided into functionally separate investigation and misdemeanour administrative procedures for the imposition of sanctions. The Slovenian model has generally been perceived as inefficient, with specific difficulties arising from the unclear relationship between the administrative and the misdemeanour procedures. On the other hand, Serbia significantly changed its institutional design in 2009 from its Austrian-inspired roots to a single administrative procedure. The new system appears to have been more effective, but strong judicial safeguards are necessary. The Authors further review the matter from a national and international point of view, considering the ECN+ Directive and the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union and European Court of Human Rights.
L’article compare les conceptions institutionnelles et l’héritage historique du cadre slovène et serbe d’application des règles de concurrence, et examine les avantages et les inconvénients de chaque modèle. La Slovénie a mis en oeuvre un modèle mixte, dans lequel la procédure d’application des règles de concurrence est répartie entre des procédures administratives d’enquête et de sanction fonctionnellement distinctes. Le modèle slovène a été généralement perçu comme peu efficace, avec des difficultés spécifiques dues au manque de clarté des relations entre les procédures administratives et les procédures pénales. D’autre part, la Serbie a considérablement modifié sa conception institutionnelle en 2009, passant de ses traditions d’inspiration autrichienne à une procédure administrative unique. Le nouveau système semble avoir été plus efficace, mais de solides sauvegardes juridictionnelles sont nécessaires. Les auteurs examinent la question d’un point de vue national et international, en tenant compte de la directive ECN+ et de la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne et de la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2020, 13, 22; 67-88
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
"Procedural Guarantees for EU Citizens against Expulsion in the Light of Directive 2004/38/EC"
Autorzy:
Wojnowska-Radzińska, Julia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
procedural guarantees
EU citizen
due process rights
expulsion
Opis:
The present paper analyses the scope of protection of EU citizens against expulsion under Directive 2004/38/EC and in the case-law of the Court of Justice of the Eu-ropean Union. According to the provision of this Directive, an EU citizen threatened with expulsion must have access to relevant documents and accessible information on the legal procedures to be followed in his/her case. Even if the government claims that national security interests keep courts from disclosing the evidence to the EU citizen, it is obliged to submit any material or evidence capable of corroborating that the interests of national security or public order are at stake. The CJEU requires that the evidence has to be scrutinised by the adversarial proceedings. In particular, the EU citizen must be informed, in any event, of the essence of the grounds on which an expulsion decision is based, as the necessary protection of State security cannot have the effect of denying the person concerned of his/her right to be heard.
Źródło:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2018, 8
2450-0976
Pojawia się w:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selective Enforcement and Multi-Party Antitrust Infringements: How to Handle "Unilateral Agreements"?
Autorzy:
Polański, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20679103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-11-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
selective enforcement
procedure
vertical agreements
procedural autonomy
due process
Opis:
In cartel cases, there are good policy reasons to investigate all cartel members and to address a decision to each of them. Yet, the case is different when it comes to vertical infringements. Vertical infringements often involve more undertakings, but their continued existence depends on the participation of e.g. wholesalers. In consequence, antitrust authorities might be interested in pursuing a policy of selective enforcement and targeting investigations at single undertakings, even despite the fact that such infringements are multi-party ones. This, however, raises concerns whether such an approach is valid and how it affects the rights of defence. Taking into account that the European Commission’s return to RPM cases in 2018 provided national competition authorities (NCAs) with additional incentives to investigate vertical cases, this article reflects on what might be the reaction of the European Court of Justice (CJEU), if the aforementioned approach is questioned either during an appeals procedure or within a preliminary request.
Dans les affaires de cartel, il existe de bonnes raisons politiques d’enquêter sur tous les membres du cartel et d’adresser une décision à chacun d’entre eux. Toutefois, le cas est différent lorsqu’il s’agit d’infractions verticales. Ces dernières impliquent souvent un plus grand nombre d’entreprises, mais leur existence dépend de la participation, par exemple, des grossistes. Par conséquent, les autorités de la concurrence pourraient être intéressées par la poursuite d’une politique d’application sélective et de ciblage des enquêtes sur des entreprises uniques, même si ces infractions sont multipartites. Cela soulève toutefois des questions quant à la validité d’une telle approche et à la manière dont elle affecte les droits de la défense. Compte tenu du fait que le retour de la Commission européenne aux affaires relatives à l’imposition des prix de ventes (retail price maintenance – RPM) en 2018 a davantage incité les autorités nationales de concurrence (ANC) à enquêter sur les affaires verticales, cet article réfléchit à ce que pourrait être la réaction de la Cour de justice de l’Union européenne (CJUE) si l’approche susmentionnée devait être remise en question, soit au cours d’une procédure d’appel, soit dans le cadre d’une demande préliminaire.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2023, 16, 27; 83-110
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Scenarios of the Right of Defence Following Directive 1/2019
Autorzy:
Rea, Marialaura
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159126.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
right of defence
due process
ECN+ Directive
National Competition
Authorities
European Commission
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of Article 3 of Directive 1/2019 when transposing it by Member States. The incompleteness and vagueness of Article 3 of Directive 2019/1 could cause non-harmonization in the various EU Member States, especially those in Eastern Europe, of the right of defence for the defendant party in the antitrust procedure. More specifically, to avoid this effect, Member States must adapt to European standards. In doing so, the paper intends to shed some light on how the right of defence is protected by the European Commission during competition proceedings.
Le présent article a pour objectif d’analyser les effets de l’article 3 de la directive 1/2019 lors de sa transposition par les États membres. Le caractère incomplet et imprécis de l’article 3 de la directive 1/2019 pourrait provoquer une non-harmonisation dans les différents États membres de l’UE, notamment en Europe orientale, des droits de la défense dans la procédure en matière de concurrence. Plus précisément, pour éviter cet effet, les États membres doivent s’adapter aux normes européennes. Le présent article entend apporter un éclairage sur la manière dont les droits de la défense sont protégés par la Commission européenne dans le cadre des procedures en matière de concurrence.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2019, 12, 20; 111-126
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dawn Raids and the Role of Forensic IT in Antitrust Investigations
Autorzy:
Polański, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158990.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
computer forensics
dawn raids
digital investigation
due process
evidence
forensic IT
inspections
searches
Opis:
While digital markets attract much attention of the antitrust community, important developments also take place in relation to the way antitrust investigations are handled and evidence is preserved. More and more enforcement actions of antitrust authorities rely on the ability to find and preserve digital evidence of an illegal activity. This article focuses on recent case law developments in relation to the approach to forensic IT in antitrust enforcement and investigates whether enough leeway is left to the antitrust authorities to properly discharge their powers. The article focuses on the procedural developments at the EU level and in one EU national jurisdiction, i.e. Poland. The article concludes that the current approach to forensics in antitrust does not allow to use available capabilities to a full extent. A proposal is made for an alternative approach, which would benefit effective antitrust enforcement and due process.
Si les marchés numériques suscitent une grande attention de la part de la communauté antitrust, des évolutions importantes ont également lieu en ce qui concerne la manière dont les enquêtes antitrust sont menées et dont les preuves sont préservées. De plus en plus d’actions des autorités antitrust sont fondées sur la capacité à trouver et à préserver les preuves numériques d’une activité illégale. Le présent article se concentre sur les développements récents de la jurisprudence concernant l’approche de l’informatique juridique dans l’application de la legislation antitrust et examine si les autorités antitrust disposent d’une marge de manoeuvre suffisante pour exercer correctement leurs pouvoirs. L’article se concentre sur les développements procéduraux au niveau de l’UE et dans une juridiction nationale de l’UE, la Pologne. L’article conclut que l’approche actuelle ne permet pas d’utiliser pleinement les capacités disponibles. Une proposition est faite pour une approche alternative, qui bénéficierait d’une application efficace de la legislation antitrust et d’une procédure régulière.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2020, 13, 21; 187-218
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Length of proceedings as standard of due process of law in the practise of the Constitutional Court of Albania
Autorzy:
Toska Dobjani, Elsa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036641.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
constitutional
complain
length
proceedings
remedy
effective
prevention
Opis:
ECHR, as an international treaty is part of the Albanian legal system. Among international law instruments, the ECHR enjoys a privileged status in the Albanian legal system by virtue of Article 17 paragraph 2 of the Constitution according to which restrictions to human rights and freedoms cannot infringe the substance of those rights and freedoms and in no case can exceed the restrictions provided for in the ECHR. Article 1 of the Convention requires States to secure the substance of the rights to those in their jurisdiction. The effect of Article 13 is thus to require the provision of a domestic remedy to deal with the substance of an arguable complaint under the Convention and to grant appropriate relief. The scope of this paper is to analyse the effectiveness of the complaint to the Constitutional Court with regard to length of proceedings as part of due process of law in terms of proceedings during the court trial and after the process has been finalized and the final decision should be executed.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2016, 13; 160-170
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The right to appeal for custom sanctions in albania in the perspective of the 13th article of the european convention on human rights
Autorzy:
Mëçalla, Jurgen
Mëçalla, Naim
Bregu, Edit
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152918.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-22
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie
Tematy:
the right to appeal
effective appeal
due process of law
principle of proportionality
Opis:
The right to appeal is a fundamental human right and means the right of the individual to appeal, the existence of a body designated to review the appeal, the unconditional acceptance of the appeal for review, reasonable deadlines for its review, an objective review, judicial control, as a final control over the appeal, as well as the possibility of possible rehabilitation because of the eventual acceptance of the appeal. In this paper we will treat, analyse, and justify why Article 282, point 2 of the Customs Code restricts the right of appeal. This provision, as it will turn out, does not meet the minimum standard for an effective appeal in the domestic courts, set by Article 13 of the The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Fiscal liability that deviates from the principle of equality and proportionality in the exercise of customs and tax authority risks depriving taxpayers of the means necessary to guarantee services that protect fundamental rights. The restriction of the fundamental right to an effective appeal was made by the customs law, Article 282/2, which from the point of view of the law exceeds the limits of this restriction set by the Constitution and the ECHR, where according to Article 17 of the Constitution the restriction must be , in proportion to the situation that has dictated it, so in this sense it must be in accordance with the principle of proportionality.
Źródło:
Intercultural Communication; 2022, 7, 1; 127-136
2451-0998
Pojawia się w:
Intercultural Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Helene Andersson, Dawn Raids under Challenge. Due Process Aspects of the European Commission’s Dawn Raid Practices Hart Publishing, 2018, 286 p.
Autorzy:
Michałek-Gervais, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159221.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2019, 12, 19; 224-228
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The AI is now in session – The impact of digitalisation on courts
Autorzy:
Papp, Dorottya
Krausz, Bernadett
Gyuranecz, Franciska Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143025.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-07-02
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
artificial intelligence
machine learning
fair trial
due process
judicial systems
civil and criminal proceedings
European Union
judiciary
Opis:
This paper seeks to map out the problems imposed by the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) regarding the judicial system. In the era of digitalisation, we are only a step from using AI in our daily work. For this purpose, we carried out a multidisciplinary research related to the possible application of AI in the judiciary worldwide. Our main objective was not only to show that AI requires a different approach both from legislative and executive aspects, but also to offer possible solutions concerning the implementation of AI in the judicial sector. We analysed several aspects of the right to a fair trial with regard to the changes imposed by AI systems. Likewise, we covered the emerging ethical concerns and tackled the issue of transparency, responsibility and non-discrimination. The analysis gradually verified the initial hypothesis of our paper that in spite of the increasing ubiquity of AI, we have to limit its use and adjust both our legal and ethical framework to address these new concerns.
Źródło:
Cybersecurity and Law; 2022, 7, 1; 272-296
2658-1493
Pojawia się w:
Cybersecurity and Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 51

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