Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "direct" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
Foreign direct investment in ukrainian economy. Effects of foreign direct investment involvment
Autorzy:
Maslak, O. O.
Satalkina, L. O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410775.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
effects of foreign direct investment
foreign direct investment inflow
Opis:
Clarified: the term “Foreign direct investment”, and the situation with foreign direct investment in the economy of Ukraine. Researched and briefed: The positive and negative effects of foreign direct investments for the economy of host countries and for the economy of Ukraine as the host country. Emphasized: The importance of the right policy in the field of foreign direct investment attraction, for the increasing of their positive effects.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2012, 1, 4; 29-33
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Direct predictive control of asynchronous machine torque using matrix converter
Autorzy:
Talavat, V.
Galvani, S.
Hajibeigy, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/140834.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
asynchronous motor
direct predictive control of torque
direct matrix converter
Opis:
The matrix converter is a new generation of power electronic converters and is an alternative to back-to-back converters in applications that dimensions and weight are important. In this paper, a simple control algorithm for a three-phase asynchronous motor based on a direct torque control technique, which is fed through a three-phase direct matrix converter, is presented. For direct matrix converters, 27 switching modes are possible, which using the predictive control technique and for the different modes of the matrix converter, the motor behavior is estimated at the next sampling interval. Then the objective function is determined and the optimal possible mode is selected. Finally, the best switching mode is applied to the direct matrix converter. In order to evaluate the proposed method, simulation of the system in Matlab/Simulink software environment is performed. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2018, 67, 4; 773-788
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Foreign Direct Investment in Armenia
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek-Khubnaia, Julia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1201890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
Foreign Direct Investment
Armenia
post-Soviet region
Opis:
After the fall of the Soviet Union and regaining its independence, Armenia has begun a process of systemic transformation. The level and pace of socio-economic development has been influenced by internal situation as well as by country’s geopolitical position and its relations with foreign partners. The purpose of this article is to present general characteristics of foreign direct investment that has been present in Armenia since the 1990s. The author describes several key factors shaping the volume, geographical, proprietary and sectoral structure of the FDI inflows. A special attention is given to the influence of the Russian Federation on the Armenian economy.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2017, 7, 4; 46-52
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What determines foreign direct investment in Russia?
Autorzy:
Gurshev, Oleg
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1356609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-07-08
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
economic transition
Russia
Opis:
This article focuses on the determinants of inward foreign direct investment (FDI) in Russia. The article briefly describes the historical context of foreign investment policymaking in Russia since the beginning of the economic transition to an open market economy after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. When compared to other developing countries, Russia's FDI stocks continue to lag despite a set of proactive measures undertaken by the national government. Following the literature review, the most commonly cited determinants explaining inward FDI in Russia include market size, labour productivity, trade and investment barriers, domestic exchange rate, rule of law and institutional framework.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2019, 6, 53; 311 - 322
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie napędów bezpośrednich w urządzeniach mechatroniczych
Application of the direct drives in mechatronic devices
Autorzy:
Mars, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134724.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
ADVSEO
Tematy:
napęd bezpośredni
urządzenia mechatroniczne
direct drive
application of the direct drives
Opis:
The article provides a general introduction to the direct drive technology. It describes the basic divisions and types of the electric direct drives as well as their construction and properties. In addition, the article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the direct drives. The paper also presents numerous applications of the direct drives including: wheeled vehicles, advanced numerically controlled machine tools, household appliances, generators, wind turbines, transportation devices, motion simulators as well as devices used in medicine and pharmacy. The summary contains development trends of the direct drive technology both in terms of the mechanical construction and the control system.
Źródło:
Technical Issues; 2015, 1; 38-46
2392-3954
Pojawia się w:
Technical Issues
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Direct current and pulsed direct current plasma nitriding of ferrous materials a critical review
Autorzy:
Łępicka, M.
Grądzka-Dahlka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386438.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
plasma nitriding
ion nitriding
direct current plasma nitriding
pulsed direct current
edge effect
azotowanie plazmowe
azotowanie jonowe
prąd stały impulsowy
Opis:
Nowadays, the improvement of ferrous materials performance is a problem of high interest. One of well-known wear- and corrosion properties improving technique is plasma nitriding, in which elemental nitrogen is introduced to the surface of a metal part for subsequent diffusion into the material. As a result, a compound, “white” layer and a diffusion zone are formed at the detail’s surface. Most of the authors positively describe the effects of surface ion nitiding. On the other hand, there are also reports on adverse effects of direct current and pulsed direct current plasma nitriding on ferrous materials performance. Therefore, an attempt to provide comprehensive summary on direct current and pulsed direct current ion nitriding and its influence on ferrous materials’ mechanical and corrosion properties has been made. According to the results, some of the technique drawbacks are hard to avoid in mass production.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2016, 10, 2; 150-158
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of structure for direct control optimization
Autorzy:
Szymkat, Maciej
Korytowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
optimal control
direct optimization methods
Opis:
The paper presents the Monotone Structural Evolution, a direct computational method of optimal control. Its distinctive feature is that the decision space undergoes gradual evolution in the course of optimization, with changing the control parameterization and the number of decision variables. These structural changes are based on an analysis of discrepancy between the current approximation of an optimal solution and the Maximum Principle conditions. Two particular implementations, with spike and flat generations are described in detail and illustrated with computational examples.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization; 2007, 27, 1; 165-193
1509-9407
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae, Differential Inclusions, Control and Optimization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Quality of Insurance Services Package in the Opinion of Direct Purchase Insurance Customers
Jakość oferty usług ubezpieczeniowych w opinii klientów korzystających z usług typu „direct”
Качество пакета страховых услуг по мнению клиентов «Direct Purchase Insurance»
Autorzy:
Hermaniuk, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943599.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
quality of services
customer satisfaction
direct insurance
marketing
jakość usług
satysfakcja nabywcy
ubezpieczenia direct
Opis:
The market of financial services, including insurance services is a subject of dynamic transformations. The core essence of insurance and their economic and social importance, has remained unchanged for a very long time. However, the circumstances of functioning of the insurance companies are constantly changing. Since the beginning of political changes in Poland, that is, since 1990, many new insurance companies have emerged on the national market. Their growing num-ber contributed to increased competition, and thus, to modification of marketing strategies em-ployed by them. These changes relate in particular to two areas. The first area is the pricing policy, while the second concerns the forms of distribution of insurance services. The intense competition for customers associated with the market penetration forces companies to reduce prices. This in turn requires searching for ways to reduce operating costs of the enterprises. One of them is the cost associated with maintaining permanent business facilities and their staff. Therefore, for sever-al years on, most companies has aimed to curb these costs. The distribution of insurance products through electronic channels is now a rapidly expanding phenomenon in Poland. Modern communication tools are not only a convenient and accessible source of information about insurance products, but they also provide the ability to compare different offers. On the other hand, they are increasingly becoming an effective tool used to sell insurance policies. This article presents the results of studies assessing the selected quality aspects of insurance companies in the opinion of customers using the Direct Purchase Insurance services.
Rynek usług finansowych, w tym usług ubezpieczeniowych, ulega dynamicznym przeobrażeniom. Sama istota ubezpieczeń oraz ich znaczenie ekonomiczne i społeczne, pozostają od lat niezmienione. Zmieniają się natomiast warunki funkcjonowania firm ubezpieczeniowych. Od początku zmian ustrojowych, czyli od 1990 roku, na rynku krajowym pojawiają się wciąż nowe firmy ubezpieczeniowe. Ich rosnąca liczba przyczyniła się do zwiększenia konkurencji, a co za tym idzie, do modyfikacji realizowanej przez nie strategii marketingowej. Jej zmiany dotyczą w szczególności dwóch obszarów. Pierwszy to polityka cenowa, drugi zaś dotyczy form dystrybucji usług ubezpieczeniowych. Intensywna rywalizacja o klienta związana z penetracją rynku wymusza na firmach obniżanie cen. To z kolei wymaga poszukiwania sposobów na ograniczenie kosztów funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw. Jednym z nich są koszty związane z utrzymywaniem stacjonarnych placówek firmowych oraz ich personelu. Dlatego od kilku lat większość firm z branży zmierza do ograniczenia tych pozycji kosztów. Intensywnie rozwijającym się zjawiskiem w Polsce jest dystrybucja ubezpieczeń za pośrednictwem kanałów elektronicznych. Nowoczesne narzędzia komunikacji stanowią z jednej strony wygodne i dostępne źródło informacji o produk-tach ubezpieczeniowych, dają też możliwość porównywania różnych ofert. Z drugiej strony coraz częściej stają się skutecznym narzędziem wykorzystywanym do sprzedaży polis ubezpieczeniowych. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników badań dotyczących oceny wybranych aspek-tów jakości oferty firm ubezpieczeniowych w opinii klientów korzystających z usług typu „direct”.
Źródło:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy; 2016, 45; 466-474
1898-5084
2658-0780
Pojawia się w:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cancellation of direct products of digraphs
Autorzy:
Hammack, Richard
Toman, Katherine
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/744073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
graph direct product
graph product cancellation
digraphs
Opis:
We investigate expressions of form A×C ≅ B×C involving direct products of digraphs. Lovász gave exact conditions on C for which it necessarily follows that A ≅ B. We are here concerned with a different aspect of cancellation. We describe exact conditions on A for which it necessarily follows that A ≅ B. In the process, we do the following: Given an arbitrary digraph A and a digraph C that admits a homomorphism onto an arc, we classify all digraphs B for which A×C ≅ B×C.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2010, 30, 4; 575-590
2083-5892
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A cancellation property for the direct product of graphs
Autorzy:
Hammack, Richard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/743303.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
graph products
graph direct product
cancellation
Opis:
Given graphs A, B and C for which A×C ≅ B×C, it is not generally true that A ≅ B. However, it is known that A×C ≅ B×C implies A ≅ B provided that C is non-bipartite, or that there are homomorphisms from A and B to C. This note proves an additional cancellation property. We show that if B and C are bipartite, then A×C ≅ B×C implies A ≅ B if and only if no component of B admits an involution that interchanges its partite sets.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2008, 28, 1; 179-184
2083-5892
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
GLOBAL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FLOWS AND THE ECONOMIC CRISIS
Autorzy:
Klimek, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
Foreign Direct Investment
Financial Crisis
Emerging Countries
Opis:
This paper has been devoted to analyzing the implications of the economic crisis, which was triggered by the mortgage credit defaults in the United States in the summer 2007, on the flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the world. The issue has not been broadly studied in the economic literature and the sufficient explanation has not been delivered yet. The problem is essential due to the significant influence of the crises on reshaping the global architecture. The distinctive feature of this paper is focusing on the rising power of emerging economies as new sources of FDI in the distressed world economy. Main numerical analysis was conducted using preliminary data on FDI in year 2009 and beginning of year 2010.
Źródło:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE); 2012, 5, 1-2; 47-56
1308-2701
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Foreign Direct Investments in the Automotive Industry in Poland
Autorzy:
Witczyńska, Katarzyna Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu
Tematy:
Foreign Direct Investment
automotive industry
restructuring
Opis:
The automotive industry is one of the branches with the highest degree of internationalization of production. The beginnings of the investment activities of automobile concerns, including Western Europe, in the new Member States date back to the early 1960s. The inflow of foreign direct investment to the automotive sector was widespread in the 1990s. The transition to a market economy was accompanied by growing demand for foreign capital with the change in ownership of industrial enterprises. The main form of inflow of FDI to Poland to the automotive sector, since the beginnings of the 90s was the takeover of existing industrial plants by foreign investors for their restructuring and joint ventures.
Źródło:
Logistics and Transport; 2017, 36, 4; 113-118
1734-2015
Pojawia się w:
Logistics and Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On acyclic colorings of direct products
Autorzy:
Špacapan, Simon
Horvat, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/743326.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
coloring
acyclic coloring
distance-two coloring
direct product
Opis:
A coloring of a graph G is an acyclic coloring if the union of any two color classes induces a forest. It is proved that the acyclic chromatic number of direct product of two trees T₁ and T₂ equals min{Δ(T₁) + 1, Δ(T₂) + 1}. We also prove that the acyclic chromatic number of direct product of two complete graphs Kₘ and Kₙ is mn-m-2, where m ≥ n ≥ 4. Several bounds for the acyclic chromatic number of direct products are given and in connection to this some questions are raised.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2008, 28, 2; 323-333
2083-5892
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Isomorphic components of direct products of bipartite graphs
Autorzy:
Hammack, Richard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/743937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
direct product
tensor product
Kronecker product
bipartite graph
Opis:
A standard result states the direct product of two connected bipartite graphs has exactly two components. Jha, Klavžar and Zmazek proved that if one of the factors admits an automorphism that interchanges partite sets, then the components are isomorphic. They conjectured the converse to be true. We prove the converse holds if the factors are square-free. Further, we present a matrix-theoretic conjecture that, if proved, would prove the general case of the converse; if refuted, it would produce a counterexample.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory; 2006, 26, 2; 231-248
2083-5892
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Derivative free optimal thrust allocation in ship dynamic positioning based on direct search algorithms
Autorzy:
Valčić, M.
Prpić-Oršić, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116991.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
algorithm
dynamic positioning
direct search algorithms
sequential quadratic programing (SQP)
Singular Values Decomposition (SVD)
Lagrangian Multiplier Method (LMM)
Direct Search (DS)
Mesh Adaptive Direct Search (MADS)
Opis:
In dynamic positioning systems, nonlinear cost functions, as well as nonlinear equality and inequality constraints within optimal thrust allocation procedures cannot be handled directly by means of the solvers like industry-standardized quadratic programing (QP), at least not without appropriate linearization technique applied, which can be computationally very expensive. Thus, if optimization requirements are strict, and problem should be solved for nonlinear objective function with nonlinear equality and inequality constraints, than one should use some appropriate nonlinear optimization technique. The current state-of-the-art in nonlinear optimization for gradient-based algorithms is surely the sequential quadratic programing (SQP), both for general applications and specific thrust allocation problems. On the other hand, in recent time, one can also notice the increased applications of gradient-free optimization methods in various engineering problems. In this context, the implementation of selected derivative free direct search algorithms in optimal thrust allocation is proposed and discussed in this paper, and avenues for future research are provided.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 2; 309-314
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment Performance – a Critical Literature Review
Autorzy:
Trąpczyński, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
subsidiary performance
firm resources
Opis:
Foreign direct investment (FDI), its motives, modes and location choice constitute key subjects in theory and research in international business, due to their long-term consequences for firm competitiveness. The determinants of results achieved in foreign markets can therefore be described as a fundamental research area, which specifically includes studies on FDI performance. In spite of its long tradition and methodical advancement, extant research show numerous inconsist-encies and ambiguous findings. In both international and Polish literature, no complex summary of extant knowledge on FDI performance determinants can be found, which would allow for the consolidation and evaluation of earlier findings. The aim of this paper is to present the findings of a structured review of 95 studies on performance of foreign subsidiaries. Within extant studies, four main research streams were identified, focusing on FDI mode choice, resource determinants on a firm and subsidiary level, host-country characteristics and corporate strategy. Previous research has not adequately considered the role of expansion motives for evaluating FDI performance. Future studies should also to a greater extent account for a differentiated role of firm resources, particularly various types of international experience, as applied in host countries at different levels of economic and institutional development. Moreover, a more holistic FDI performance analysis requires a simultaneous consideration of financial and non-financial dimensions of a foreign subsidiary's competitive position. Based on the outcomes of the present review, areas for further studies have been proposed, especially as regards the context of outward FDI, increasingly undertaken by Polish companies, and its specific character.
Źródło:
Oeconomia Copernicana; 2013, 4, 2; 117-132
2083-1277
Pojawia się w:
Oeconomia Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Direct Digital Synthesizer based on Field Programmable Gate Array
Autorzy:
Gasik, K.
Szplet, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114565.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
direct digital synthesizer
programmable devices
FPGA
Opis:
We present the principle (Chapter 2), implementation (Chapter 3) and test results (Chapter 4) of direct digital synthesizer (DDS) that most modules, i.e. phase accumulator, ROM memory and optional amplitude control module are implemented in a digital Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. To obtain smooth shape of analog output signals the FPGA device is followed by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and low-pass filter (LPF). The developed DDS allows for generating signals with frequency up to 50 MHz and amplitude up to 1 Vpp. The frequency adjustment resolution is 1.9 kHz, while the amplitude adjustment step equals 61.04 µV. The use of programmable device allows for changing the size of tuning words to adapt the DDS parameters to requirements of particular application.
Źródło:
Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2017, 63, 6; 220-222
2450-2855
Pojawia się w:
Measurement Automation Monitoring
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multistage equalization of direct conditioned observations
Autorzy:
Majcher, G.
Styrylska, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/748497.pdf
Data publikacji:
1978
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne
Tematy:
Linear equations,Direct methods for linear systems and matrix
Opis:
.
The authors present a recurrent procedure for obtaining the simultaneous minimum Euclidean norm solution of the set of n linear equations A(1)v=b(1),...,A(n)v=b(n) when the matrix A=(A′(1):...:A′(n))′ is of full row rank.
Źródło:
Mathematica Applicanda; 1978, 6, 13
1730-2668
2299-4009
Pojawia się w:
Mathematica Applicanda
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Direct Limit Closed Classes of Algebras
Autorzy:
Halušková, Emília
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
algebra
direct limit
closed class
term
formula
sentence
monounary algebra
Opis:
Axiomatic classes of algebras of a given type which are closed with respect to direct limits are studied in this paper.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic; 2016, 45, 3/4
0138-0680
2449-836X
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Section of Logic
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przymus bezpośredni w aspekcie etycznym
Direct coercion in the ethical aspect
Autorzy:
Filipska, Karolina
Ślusarz, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1029211.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Państwowa Uczelnia Zawodowa we Włocławku
Tematy:
ethics
direct coercion
patient
Opis:
violation of basic human rights, .ie. the right to freedom. Direct coercion is an action applied to patients in a state of agitation or aggression. It is a necessity in certain circumstances. It should be remembered that it can be used as an absolutely final meassure. The aim of the work is to show direct coercion in the aspect of medical ethics. Overview. Ethics is defined as a code of moral principles that are adopted at a given time by a given social community. Often it is also referred to as a synonym of morality. Also, the Constitution of the Republic of Poland provides its citizens with the fundamental right to preserve and respect their freedom and dignity. These two values are an indispensable element of human nature. The use of direct coercion in strictly substantiated cases is not a violation of ethical values and human autonomy. From medical point of view , direct coercion is a therapeutic intervention. Its leading goal is to protect patients from health deterioration and to enable them medical assistance. Conclusions. Law in Poland allows the use of four different forms of direct coercion in strictly defined situations. The use of coercion should be the last resort in extreme and exceptional events. It should always be remembered that the use of direct coercion measures should respect the rights of human dignity.
Wstęp. Przymus bezpośredni jest elementem interwencji medycznej. Przy jego zastosowaniu dochodzi wówczas do naruszenia podstawowych praw człowieka tj. prawa wolności. Przymus bezpośredni jest działaniem stosowanym wobec pacjentów w stanie pobudzenia bądź agresji. W pewnych okolicznościach stanowi konieczność. Należy pamiętać, iż powinien być stosowany jako działanie absolutnie ostateczne. Celem pracy jest ukazanie przymusu bezpośredniego w aspekcie etyki medycznej. Przegląd. Etyka to ogół zasad moralnych, które są przyjęte w określonym czasie przez daną zbiorowość społeczną. Często określana jest ona także jako synonim moralności. Również Konstytucja Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej zapewnia wszystkim swoim obywatelom fundamentalne prawo do zachowania i poszanowania ich wolności i godności. Te dwie wartości stanowią nieodzowny element natury człowieka. Stosowanie przymusu bezpośredniego w uzasadnionych ściśle przypadkach nie stanowi naruszenia dóbr etycznych i autonomii człowieka. Ze strony medycznej przymus bezpośredni stanowi interwencję terapeutyczną. Jego wiodącym celem jest zabezpieczenie chorego przed pogorszeniem stanu zdrowia oraz umożliwienie udzielenia mu pomocy medycznej. Wnioski. Obowiązujące w Polsce prawo dopuszcza stosowanie czterech różnych form przymusu bezpośredniego w określonych ściśle sytuacjach. Zastosowanie przymusu powinno stanowić ostateczność w skrajnych i wyjątkowych zdarzeniach. Zawsze należy pamiętać, iż stosowanie środków przymusu bezpośredniego powinno odbywać się z poszanowaniem praw godności człowieka.
Źródło:
Innowacje w Pielęgniarstwie i Naukach o Zdrowiu; 2017, 2, 4; 76-87
2451-1846
Pojawia się w:
Innowacje w Pielęgniarstwie i Naukach o Zdrowiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of foreign direct investment in business services in Poland
Autorzy:
Klimek, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/583975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
advanced business services
foreign direct investment
Polska
Opis:
The main goal of the paper is to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) in advanced business services sector on economic development. We analyse the topic on the regional level as FDI in Poland is not equally distributed across the country. In order to investigate the research problem we estimate linear regression model using panel data. The dependent variable is the value of GDP per capita as the indicator of economic development. The most important independent variable from the point of view of the main objective of the paper is the number of foreign-owned advanced business services firms. This variable will be also lagged to control time necessary for investment to materialise and influence the economy. The main conclusion of the analysis of data over the period of 10 years is that there is a positive influence of operations of foreign-owned firms in the analysed sector on the economic growth of particular regions in Poland.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2017, 498; 141-148
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of Business Cycles on the Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Poland
Autorzy:
Warżała, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
foreign direct investment
business cycle
Opis:
The core of this article is to study the impact of the last world economic crisis and world foreign direct investment fluctuations in the same period. The empirical study was based on data published by UNCTAD in annual reports, called World Investment Report. The research concerning the Polish economy was based on data of Polish National Bank. For measuring the relation between studied phenomena, the analysis of correlation was used, as well as the structure rate and the rate of growth. For the evolution of GDP fluctuations in Poland in the years 1990-2012, both the method of statistical analysis and the descriptive method were used. In the latest World Investment Report (WIR 2012) one can find the current world financial crisis involved in the drop of foreign direct investment flows. That was characteristic for the Polish economy, too. The main reasons for that are the descending investment capability of corporations, because of poorer profits level and higher costs of bank credits. The important argument for corporation investment slump is that the prospects of world economic growth are unfavourable.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2014, 9, 2; 25-39
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Demokracja bezpośrednia w Słowenii
Direct democracy in Slovenia
Autorzy:
Kużelewska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972899.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
demokracja bezpośrednia referendum
Słowenia
głosowanie
direct democracy
referendum
Slovenia
voting
Opis:
Słowenia zaliczana jest do tych państw Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, w których często przeprowadzane są referenda na szczeblu krajowym. W latach 1996–2016 przeprowadzono 16 referendów ustawodawczych, a pod głosowanie poddano 22 sprawy do rozstrzygnięcia. Była to na tyle znacząca liczba głosowań, że zarówno rząd, jak i Zgromadzenie Państwowe podjęły próbę ograniczenia liczby referendum z obawy o możliwość paraliżu procesu ustawodawczego. Celem artykułu jest analiza prawna instytucji demokracji bezpośredniej w systemie prawnym Słowenii, omówienie roli, jaką pełni referendum w procesie politycznym Słowenii oraz ukazanie następstw nowelizacji konstytucji w 2013 roku odnoszącej się bezpośrednio do ograniczenia kręgu podmiotów uprawnionych do zainicjowania referendum.
Slovenia is one of those countries in Central and Eastern Europe, where referenda are often conducted at national level. Between 1996–2016 16 legislative referenda were held, and 22 subjects of the vote were decided by people in referenda. This was a significant number of referenda that both the Government and the State Assembly tried to limit the number of referendums due to concerns about the possibility of paralyzing the legislative process. The article is a legal analysis of direct democracy institutions in Slovenian legal system. The paper discusses the role of the referendum in the political system of Slovenia and explores the consequences of the constitutional amendment in 2013, which directly relates to limiting the range of entities authorized to initiate a referendum.
Źródło:
Studia Wyborcze; 2018, 25; 95-109
1898-0082
Pojawia się w:
Studia Wyborcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
INTRA-INDUSTRY TRADE AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: THE CASE OF POLAND
Autorzy:
Klimek, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450502.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
Intra-Industry Trade
Foreign Direct Investment
Polska
Opis:
Intra-industry trade (IIT) has been widely investigated among developed countries. Main factors influencing the simultaneous flows of exports and imports were also identified for the group of advanced economies. Less attention was paid to the trade of emerging countries. Therefore, the author analysed bilateral trade between Poland and its main trading partners over the period 2000-2007. The analysis of IIT was conducted at the five-digit SITC products. Among factors influencing intensity of IIT the role of FDI was placed in the centre of the investigation.
Źródło:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE); 2010, 3, 1; 115-126
1308-2701
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
STABILIZING ROLE OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN EFFECTING EXPORTS – CASE STUDY OF POLAND
Autorzy:
Borowicz, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
Foreign Direct Investment
Foreign Trade
Opis:
The article raises the issue of the relations between foreign direct investment and exports, quoting the example of Poland. Most of the research done so far raises the issue of substitutability and complementarity of these phenomena. In their research of macroeconomic nature, authors such as Stehn, Stępniak and Markusen (Stępniak, 2005; Markusen et al, 1996) have proved that definitely in most cases we are dealing with complementarity of FDI in relation to foreign trade of the countries. Using the most up-to-date research regarding foreign investment (Melitz, 2003; Krugman), in this article I am trying to present FDI as that element of economic life that stabilizes exports, taking into account today’s context related to the economic crisis. Referring already in the first part to the research done also in Poland by the National Bank of Poland, I have presented FDI as a factor maintaining Poland’s exports on a high level despite temporary capital outflow. The inflow of capital in the form of FDI to Poland is done in particular by companies from developed countries that are first of all looking for a location to move their own operations and reduce costs. Secondly, Poland is attractive as a location because of the availability of large markets. On the one hand, by operating in Poland, being an EU member, they get access to the EU internal market, while on the other they get close to the Russian market. Consequently, in their strategy for internationalizing their operations, investors making a capital involvement are planning to carry out their export operations dynamically.
Źródło:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE); 2012, 5, 1-2; 29-45
1308-2701
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Emerging and Transition Economies (IJETE)
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies