Wszystkie pola: deoxidation - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Deoxidation Impact on Non-Metallic Inclusions and Characterization Methods
Autorzy:: Nicolini, C.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106913.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:: sulfide morphology
deoxidation
non-metallic inclusions
low carbon steel
SEM-FEG
Opis:: Deoxidation is an unavoidable step in the elaboration of steel. The study of its influence could improve the quality of low-carbon steel (0.20–0.25 wt.% of carbon). There are many deoxidation methods, and the most-common one consists of adding aluminum. Although it is a classic method, determining the optimal process parameters (quantity, yield, etc.) could be very sensitive. Deoxidation plays a determining role on inclusion cleanliness, especially on sulfide morphology. In order to control the efficiency of deoxidation, different techniques can be used. In this paper, an automated counting procedure on a scanning electron microscope with a field emission gun (FEG-SEM) is presented. This method was applied on samples cast in our laboratory under different deoxidation conditions. According to this, the resulting inclusion population is correlated with the aluminum content to find the optimal process parameters.
Źródło:: Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering; 2017, 1, 4; 97-102
2543-9901
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Influence of compound deoxidation of steel with Al, Zr, rare earth metals, and Ti on properties of heavy castings
Autorzy:: Senberger, J.
Cech, J.
Zadera, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382459.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: odlewanie stali
odtlenianie
odlew ciężki
steel casting
deoxidation
conchoidal fractures
heavy casting
Opis:: Heavy steel castings deoxidized with aluminium are sometimes brittle intercrystalline failed during their service along primary grain boundaries what is initiated by aluminium nitrides and so called conchoidal fractures are formed. The tendency to forming the conchoidal fractures depends in particular on cooling rate (the casting modulus), aluminium and nitrogen contents in steel. During deoxidation, when manufacturing heavy castings, the elements with high affinity to nitrogen, zirconium or titanium, are added to steel that would decrease nitrogen activity by the bond on stable nitrides. The formation of stable nitrides should reduce the tendency of steel to the formation of conchoidal fractures. Deoxidation was thermodynamically analyzed at presence of the mentioned elements. For particular conditions a probable course of deoxidation was estimated at test castings. The deoxidation course was checked by microanalysis of deoxidation products (inclusions). For service and experimental castings the anticipated composition of inclusions was compared. It has been proved that in heavy castings with high aluminium contents in steel under studied conditions neither the addition of zirconium nor of titanium nor of rare earth metals will prevent the formation of conchoidal fractures.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 1; 99-104
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Contribution to Deoxidation of Austenitic Steels in a Vacuum Induction Furnace with Carbon
Autorzy:: Šenberger, J.
Pernica, V.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379906.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: vacuum induction furnace
deoxidation
carbon
austenitic steel
petrochemistry
oxygen activity
total oxygen
próżniowy piec indukcyjny
odtlenianie
węgiel
staliwo austenityczne
petrochemia
aktywność tlenu
Opis:: Deoxidation of steel with carbon under reduced pressure is often used for increasing the steel purity. Suitable units for this purpose in foundries are vacuum induction furnaces. Possibilities of increasing the steel purity by deoxidation with carbon in the vacuum induction furnace were studied for the steel for the petrochemistry of specific composition 25Cr/35Ni. The charge composed of the return material only was melted in the air. During melting the charge oxidized and the oxidizing slag formed. Chemical composition of steel, morphology, chemical composition of inclusions in the steel and chemical composition of slag after vacuuming were studied on the basis of samples taken before and after vacuuming. Temperature and oxygen activity were measured before and after vacuuming. Globular inclusions with dominant content of silicon and manganese were observed in steel before and after vacuuming. Contents of total oxygen in steel didn’t change significantly during vacuuming. On the basis of composition of inclusions and measured oxygen activity the activity of Cr₂O₃ in inclusions was calculated. A slag sample was taken after vacuuming and equilibrium oxygen activity in steel with regard to the Cr₂O₃ content in the slag was estimated from the slag composition. Equilibrium oxygen activity in relation to the Cr₂O₃ content in the slag was higher than equilibrium activity measured in the steel. For this reason it is not possible, under the studied conditions, to decrease oxygen content in steel during vacuuming.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2; 105-109
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Non-wetting to Wetting Transition Temperatures of Liquid Tin on Surfaces of Different Steel Samples Corresponding to their Spontaneous Deoxidation
Autorzy:: Varanasi, D.
Aldawoudi, K. E
Baumli, P.
Koncz-Horvath, D.
Kaptay, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049712.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: wetting transition
deoxidation
contact angles
steels
liquid tin
Opis:: The goal of this paper is to measure the non-wetting to wetting transition temperatures of liquid tin on surfaces of different steel samples in vacuum with residual pressure of 10-8 bar. The experiments were conducted on four steels (C45, S103, CK60 and EN1.4034) of varying compositions using pure tin (99.99%) by the sessile drop method. Non-wetting to wetting transition (contact angle decreasing below 90°) by liquid tin was observed as function of increasing temperature in the range of 820-940 K for low alloyed steels C45, S103 and CK60, while it was considerably higher (around 1130 K) for high chromium EN1.4034 steel. it is concluded that at about the same temperatures, the surfaces of the steel samples are spontaneously deoxidized due to the combined effect of high temperature, low vacuum and C-content of steels. After the oxide layer is removed, the contact angles of liquid tin on steel surfaces were found in the range of 45-80° for low alloyed C45, S103 and CK60 steels and around 20° for high chromium EN1.4034 steel. These relatively high contact angle values compared to other metal/metal couples (such as liquid Cu on steels) are due to the formation of not fully metallic intermetallic compounds (FeSn and FeSn2) at the interface (such do not form in the Cu/Fe system).
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 2; 469-476
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Influence of Process Parameters on Ceroxide Formation in Low-Carbon Steels
Autorzy:: Vaucheret, A.
Nicolini, C.
Carton, J.-F.
Jacquet, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106937.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:: ceroxide
low carbon steel
mold/metal reaction
deoxidation
Opis:: Ceroxides are surface defects caused by a mold-metal reaction during the casting process of steels. This type of defect may affect a large area, but it is located only on the skin of the parts. It does not affect the core of the parts nor its mechanical properties. Nevertheless, ceroxides induce a lack of material on the surface, forming a kind of crater and needing complementary surfacing. The defect is also composed by several non-metallic inclusions containing Al, Mg, Si and O. An EDX analysis by mapping show these elements involved in the mold-metal reaction. The presence of these oxides could confirm the hypothesis of the deoxidizer reoxidation found in the bibliography. To better understand the specific conditions of ceroxide formation, the first step was to find of way to generate systematically this defect at each casting. Two patterns with different filling rate were designed, simulated on Quikcast and tested. The pattern with turbulent filling rate allowed the formation of ceroxide at each casting and so was used during this study. This result shows that the filling rate of the mold could be considered as a first order parameter in ceroxide formation. Then, a specific experimental set up was designed to characterize this defect. The analysis of the defect was done for sizing it: surface and depth. Finally, some key parameters on defect formation were determined like the nature of deoxidizer or the amount of oxygen in the mould. Some laboratory tests were lead to show the influence of these parameters by characterization of the casted parts in comparison with a reference sample. This study allowed us to find process parameters responsive of ceroxide formation and to propose some way of improvement to reduce the size and the occurrence of ceroxides.
Źródło:: Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering; 2017, 1, 4; 90-96
2543-9901
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Development of New Water Deoxidization Systems for Heat and Power Plants
Autorzy:: Shabliy, Tetyana
Gomelya, Mykola
Pohrebennyk, Volodymyr
Ivanenko, Olena
Nosachova, Yuliia
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025740.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: redoxite
deoxidation
ion exchange resin
ion exchange resin modification
Opis:: The analysis of water conditioning methods for closed water supply systems was carried out in the work. The expediency of using redoxites based on ion exchange materials to combat the corrosion processes in water recirculation systems by preliminary deoxidation of water was shown. Modified KU-2–8, Dowex Mac-3, AB-17–8, Dowex Marathon WBA, AMBERLITE IRA 96 ion exchange resins were used as deoxidizing materials.
Źródło:: Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 1; 193-205
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Numeryczna symulacja roztapiania drutów aluminiowych wprowadzanych do ciekłej stali
Numerical simulation of aluminium wire melting during introducing to liquid steel
Autorzy:: Borecki, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/182362.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Metalurgii Żelaza im. Stanisława Staszica
Tematy:: drut aluminiowy
odtlenianie
symulacja numeryczna
aluminium wire
deoxidation
numerical simulation
Opis:: Przedstawiono wyniki numerycznej symulacji roztapiania drutów aluminiowych wprowadzanych do ciekłej stali. Do obliczeń wykorzystano program Calco-MOS przeznaczony do symulacji ciągłego odlewania stali. Uznano, że proces ciągłego odlewania, czyli ciągłego krzepnięcia stali, jest odwrotny do procesu ciągłego roztapiania metalu, który ma miejsce podczas wprowadzania drutów do stali. W związku z tym program powinien dobrze modelować roztapianie drutów wprowadzanych do ciekłej stali. Właściwości termofizyczne niezbędne do obliczeń wyznaczono za pomocą programu JMatPro, a współczynnik wymiany ciepła między drutem, a warstwą zakrzepłej na nim stali wyznaczono eksperymentalnie korzystając z wyników doświadczeń laboratoryjnych i pomocniczego modelu numerycznego. Obliczenia wykonano dla drutów o średnicy 10 i 13 mm wprowadzanych do kadzi z różną prędkością w zakresie od 60 do 150 m/min w różnych temperaturach. Na tej podstawie wyznaczono czas i głębokość roztapiania się drutów w kadzi. Uzyskane wyniki porównano ze skutecznością odtleniania stali drutem aluminiowym, wprowadzanym do kadzi z różną prędkością w warunkach przemysłowych.
The results of numerical simulation of melting the aluminium wires introduced into liquid steel are presented. For calculations the CalcoMOS software designed for simulation of continuous casting of steel was used. It was assumed that the process of continuous casting - or continuous solidification of steel is opposite to the process of continuous melting of metal, which takes place during the introduction of aluminium wires into liquid steel. Thus, the program should model the melting of aluminium wires introduced into liquid steel. The thermo-physical properties necessary for calculations were determined using JMatPro program and the coefficient of heat transfer between the wire and the solid steel layer on it was determined using the results of laboratory experiences and the auxiliary numerical model. The calculations were made for wires with diameters of 10 and 13 mm introduced into the ladle with different speed varying from 60 to 150 m/min and at different temperatures. Based on this, the time and depth of wire melting in the ladle were determined. The obtained results were compared to the effectiveness of deoxidizing the steel with aluminium wire introduced into ladle with different speeds under the industrial conditions.
Źródło:: Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza; 2012, T. 64, nr 1, 1; 179-183
0137-9941
Pojawia się w:: Prace Instytutu Metalurgii Żelaza
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Changes in Hydrogen Content During Steelmaking
Zmiany zawartości wodoru w kąpieli metalowej podczas procesu stalowniczego
Autorzy:: Vrbek, K.
Lamut, J.
Marolt, M.
Knap, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354364.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: hydrogen content
pin tubes
tundish
deoxidation
zawartość wodoru
rurki próżniowe
kadź pośrednia
odtlenianie
Opis:: Štore Steel produces steel grades for spring, forging and engineering industry applications. Steelmaking technology consists of scrap melting in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), secondary metallurgy in Ladle Furnace (LF) and continuous casting of billets (CC). Hydrogen content during steelmaking of various steel grades and steelmaking technologies was measured. Samples of steel melt from EAF, LF and CC were collected and investigated. Sampling from Electric Arc Furnace and Ladle Furnace was carried out using vacuum pin tubes. Regular measurements of hydrogen content in steel melt were made using Hydris device. Hydrogen content results measured in tundish by Hydris device were compared with results from pin tube samples. Based on the measurement results it was established that hydrogen content during steelmaking increases. The highest values were determined in tundish during casting. Factors that influence the hydrogen content in liquid steel the most were steelmaking technology and alloying elements.
Stalownia Štore Steel produkuje gatunki stali sprężynowych, stali do kucia oraz stali do innych zastosowań przemysłowych. Linia technologiczna obejmuje elektryczny piec łukowy (EAF), rafinację pozapiecową w piecu kadziowym (LF) oraz maszynę do ciągłego odlewania kęsów (COS). Badaniom poddana została zmienność zawartości wodoru w stali w zależności od gatunku stali i wybranej linii technologicznej. Zgromadzono bazę danych w postaci próbek pobieranych z pieca łukowego, pieca kadziowego oraz maszyny COS. Próbki z pieca łukowego oraz pieca kadziowego pobierano za pomocą rurek próżniowych. Przeprowadzano regularnie pomiary zawartości wodoru w stali za pomocą urządzenia Hydris. Mierzoną zawartość wodoru w kadzi pośredniej za pomocą urządzenia Hydris porównywano z zawartością wodoru w próbkach pobranych za pomocą rurek próżniowych. Bazując na opisanych pomiarach stwierdzono wzrost zawartości wodoru w stali w czasie realizowanego procesu stalowniczego. Najwyższe zawartości stwierdzono w kadzi pośredniej urządzenia COS. Czynnikami mającymi największy wpływ na zawartość wodoru w ciekłej stali była zastosowana technologia wytapiania oraz pierwiastki stopowe.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 1; 295-299
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Research on Technology of Alloyed Copper Casting
Autorzy:: Rzadkosz, S.
Kranc, M.
Garbacz-Klempka, A.
Piękoś, M.
Kozana, J.
Cieślak, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380832.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: casting technology
copper
alloyed copper
copper deoxidation
heat treatment
technologia odlewnicza
miedź
obróbka cieplna
Opis:: The work presents experiment results from the area of copper casting technology and chosen examples of alloyed copper. At present, copper casting technology is applied in many branches of industrial manufacturing, especially in the sector of construction, communications, arms and power engineering. Alloyed copper, containing slight additions of different elements and having special physio-chemical properties, is used in a special range of applications. Copper technology and alloyed copper analyses have been presented, these materials being used for cast manufacturing for power engineering. The quality of casts has been assessed, based on their microstructure analysis, chemical content and the cast properties. During the research, special deoxidizing and modifying agents were applied for copper and chosen examples of alloyed copper; also exemplary samples were tested with the help of metallographic analysis, electrical conductivity and gaseous impurities research.
Źródło:: Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 2; 79-84
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Optimisation of the deoxidation degree and modification on the cast steel properties improvement at low temperature
Optymalizacja stopnia odtleniania i modyfikacji na poprawę własności w niskich temperaturach
Autorzy:: Sierant, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351224.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: steel castings
minus temperatures
wall thickness
odlewy stalowe
niskie temperatury
grubość ścianki
Opis:: Industrial conditions of obtaining thick-walled and shaped castings intended for operations at temperatures: minus 40÷60°C are presented in the paper. The selection of a cast steel grade is based on known studies [1,10,14], however due to castings wall thickness (70-240mm), the way of preparing liquid metal (deep deoxidation and modification, argon stirring in a ladle) and conditions of filling mould cavities (gating system assuring quiet filling, directional solidification and avoiding a formation of inessential heat centres), were developed to assure the required impact strength. Maintaining these parameters as well as the selection of heat treatments for the produced massive castings allowed to achieve the impact strength over 50 J/cm₂ at minus 40°. This value was obtained for walls of various thickness.
Przedstawiono przemysłowe warunki otrzymywania grubościennych i kształtowych odlewów, przeznaczonych do pracy w temperaturze minus 40÷60°. Dobór gatunku staliwa oparto o znane prace [1,10,14], jednak ze względu na grubość ścianek odlewów (70-240 mm), opracowano sposób przygotowania ciekłego metalu (głębokie odtlenianie i modyfikacja, argonowanie w kadzi) oraz warunki zapełnienia wnęki formy (układ wlewowy zapewniający spokojne wypełnianie, kierunkowe krzepnięcie i unikanie tworzenia zbędnych węzłów cieplnych), dla zapewnienia wymaganej udarności. Zachowanie tych parametrów jak również dobór obróbki cieplnej dla produkowanych masywnych odlewów, pozwoliły na uzyskanie udarności w minus 40° wynoszącej powyżej 50 J/cm₂. Wartość tą otrzymano dla ścianek o różnej grubości.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2013, 58, 3; 763-767
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: The Effect of Non-Metallic Inclusions Formed as a Result of Deoxidation on the Fatigue Strength of 15CrNi6 and 16MnCr5 Steel
Autorzy:: Lipa, S.
Sawicki, J.
Dybowski, K.
Pietrasik, R.
Januszewicz, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353324.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: fatigue strength
non-metallic inclusions
thermo-chemical treatment
Opis:: This paper presents the findings of fatigue strength tests of 15CrNi6 steel following low-pressure carburizing and oil quenching, subjected to cycles of one-sided three-point bending. The fatigue fractures were compared with the results of fatigue strength studies of 16MnCr5 steel following low-pressure carburizing and nitrogen quenching. The fatigue tests for 16MnCr5 steel were conducted as part of a high-cycle resonance test, with a pendular bending load. The study also involved an analysis of the effects on non-metallic inclusions in the structure on the mechanism of fatigue destruction. The inclusions were found to initiate fatigue cracks. In both cases, a similar method of a fatigue fissure initiation was observed, independent of the study method or specimen material.
Źródło:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1345-1350
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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