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    Tytuł:
    High kinetic energy dense plasma jet
    Autorzy:
    Voronin, A.
    Gusev, V.
    Petrov, Y.
    Sakharov, N.
    Abramova, K.
    Hellblom, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147488.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma gun
    spherical tokamak
    fuelling system
    Opis:
    Researches on the plasma jet source and injection of hydrogen plasma and neutral gas jets into the Globus-M spherical tokamak are presented. A novel source of dense plasma with high directed velocity is designed, constructed and investigated. This is a double stage system consisting of an intense source utilizing titanium-hydride grains for neutral gas production and a conventional pulsed coaxial accelerator. Optimization of the accelerator parameters, so as to achieve a maximum possible flow velocity with a limited discharge current and a reasonable length of the coaxial electrodes is performed. The calculations are compared with the experiment. A test bed is used for investigation of the intense plasma jet generated by a plasma gun. Plasma jet parameters, among them pressure distribution across the jet, flow velocity, plasma density etc., were measured. Plasma jets with densities of up to 1022 m 3, total numbers of accelerated particles (1 5) . 1019, and flow velocities of 50 100 km/s were successfully injected into the plasma column of the Globus-M tokamak. Interferometric and Thomson scattering measurements confirmed a deep jet penetration and a fast density rise (<0.5 ms) at all spatial points up to the radius r H 0.3a. The injection did not result in plasma degradation.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 85-92
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A method of impurity diagnostics in dense plasma systems
    Autorzy:
    Tsarenko, A. V.
    Chebotarev, V. V.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Tereshin, V. I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146854.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    impurity diagnostics
    local thermodynamical equilibrium
    plasma accelerator
    plasma-target interaction
    spectral line
    Opis:
    The analysis of a plasma impurity composition in many plasma systems (such as coaxial plasma accelerators, magnetic- plasma compressors, plasma-focus devices, and others) is of great importance for plasma physics. In this work we have proposed a new spectral method for the determination of impurity concentrations in relation to the concentration of the main plasma (made of hydrogen in our case). This technique can be used e.g. for diagnostics of a peripheral zone in Plasma-Focus (PF) discharges, where LTE conditions must be fulfilled. Advantages of this method in comparison with other methods, as well as possible errors, are considered and discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 37-40
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Fusion reaction scaling in a mega - amp dense plasma focus
    Autorzy:
    Lerner, E. J.
    Murali, S. K.
    Blake, A. M.
    Shannon, D. M.
    van Roessel, F. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147522.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    fusion reaction scaling
    neutron yield saturation
    Opis:
    The dense plasma focus (DPF) is one of the most efficient sources of fusion reactions for a given energy input. For smaller DPFs, fusion output scales as I4 or faster, where I is peak current. However, energy output in high-current machines saturates at 1012 reactions with deuterium as fill gas. To attempt to overcome this saturation, experiments at the focus fusion-1 (FF-1) facility have tested the use of smaller-radius electrodes (2.8 cm radius anode) and higher fill-gas densities more than 30 T.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 205-209
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dense plasma source development and jet injection in Globus-M*
    Autorzy:
    Voronin, , V. A.
    Gusev, V. K.
    Petrov, Y. V.
    Mukhin, E. E.
    Tolstyakov, S. Y.
    Kurskiev, G. S.
    Kochergin, M. M.
    Hellblom, K. G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147768.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma gun
    spherical tokamak
    fuelling system
    Opis:
    Progress in the development of a plasma jet source and its utilization for injection of hydrogen plasma and neutral gas jets into the Globus-M spherical tokamak are presented. The latest version of the high kinetic energy gas and plasma jet source with titanium hydride grains is described. Reproducibility of the gas jet generation was increased due to automatic loading of fresh grains into the source before every shot. It allows producing stable gas release for many discharges. Impurity radiation intensity from the plasma jet was decreased by more than 100 times by preliminary processing titanium hydrate grains and developing a new filter. The result of special experiments on two colliding jets is discussed. It was confirmed that the plasma jet recombines into a gas jet after it escapes the source edge and has a kinetic energy higher than the hydrogen ionization potential. Hydrogen plasma jet with low impurity content has a density up to 2 × 1022 m-3, a total number of accelerated particles (1-5) × 1019 and a flow velocity of ~ 200 km/s. It was used as an instrument for density control in Globus-M. Jet injection into deuterium plasma core during current plateau phase led to fast density increase in all spatial points of the plasma column including the plasma central region. Such injection allowed density doubling in the tokamak plasma. The model predictions are consistent with the experimental observations of the density raise recorded by the interferometer and Thomson scattering.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 3; 103-109
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dense Plasma Focus as a powerful source of monochromatic X-ray radiation
    Autorzy:
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Gribkov, V.
    Ivanov, Y.
    Karpiński, L.
    Orlova, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147444.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    X-ray generation
    X-ray dosimetry
    exposure dose
    absorbed dose
    Opis:
    A review of some experimental results obtained using the dense plasma focus (DPF) device PF-1000 is presented. The copper Ka1,2 radiation line generated by DPF in the case of device anode made of copper was the main object of this study. The predominance of this characteristic radiation over other kinds of radiation in the DPF X-ray spectrum is shown. A brief description of a new DPF 6.0 device as well as a radioenzymology experiment carried out within this device is presented.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 21-28
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On possible formulation of problems of a Dense Plasma Focus used in material sciences
    Autorzy:
    Gribkov, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146787.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    cumulative plasma streams
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    electron beam
    ion beam
    material sciences
    neutrons
    X-rays
    Opis:
    The paper describes various possibilities at can be given by the use of dense plasma focus (DPF) device in material sciences. Main distinguishing features of such a device – availability of several different types of hard radiation and its high power flux density – determine the niche of applications of this type devices in the field. Some directions of materials investigation and treatment, which can be developed at present time, are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2000, 45, 3; 149-153
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Characterization of dense plasma streams generated by MPC and their interaction with material surfaces
    Autorzy:
    Makhlaj, V. A.
    Chebotarev, V. V.
    Chuvilo, A. A.
    Garkusha, I. E.
    Ladygina, M. S.
    Marchenko, A. K.
    Petrov, Y. V.
    Solyakov, D. G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147528.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    magneto-plasma compressor (MPC)
    gas-discharge plasma
    plasma streams
    mixture gas
    EUV radiation
    surface damage
    Opis:
    Comparative studies of the parameters both pure helium and helium-xenon plasma have been fulfilled in a magneto-plasma compressor (MPC). The current-voltage characteristics of MPC accelerating channel and the maximum plasma velocity of (6-8) x 106 cm/s changed negligibly under local xenon injection to compression zone. Nevertheless, the xenon addition causes a growth of maximal plasma pressure up to of 2.3 MPa, an increase of plasma radiation from the compression zone. The plasma density achieved 1018 cm.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 197-200
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    0.2-kJ and 2-kJ high rep rate Dense Plasma foci : their design, technology, and applications
    Autorzy:
    Dubrovsky, A. V.
    Gribkov, V. A.
    Ivanov, Y. P.
    Lee, P.
    Lee, S.
    Liu, M.
    Samarin, V. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146546.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    DPF installation
    miniature focus chamber
    soft and hard X-ray radiation
    Opis:
    The paper presents various designs of several medium and small size Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) chambers intended for numerous applications, a description of technologies used in these facilities, and some results reached with these devices by using a number of diagnostic techniques. In present experiments the DP foci have been used mainly as an X-ray source. We discuss here how it is possible to satisfy absolutely new and very strict demands on the construction and technology for the devices to be eventually applied in science and industry. Between these characteristics there are a high repetition rate (typically 1…15 Hz) and a long lifetime (over 1 million shots). Their switching elements, a collector and chambers must withstand a high quasi-continuous heat load (up to 100 kW). High energy density in the central part of the chamber anode and the necessity to provide a channel for radiation extraction demanded a special construction and specific materials implementation in this region. Their X-ray spectrum should be tuned. They have to operate with different working gases and preferably in a wide range of pressures. All these points are discussed in this report. Capabilities of the described techniques are illustrated by results of the recent experimental studies carried out with facilities located at the Nanyang Technological University (NX1) as well as at the Lebedev Physical Institute (PF-0.2).
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 107-111
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Damage and modification of materials produced by pulsed ion and plasma streams in Dense Plasma Focus device
    Autorzy:
    Pimenov, V. N.
    Demina, E. V.
    Ivanov, L. I.
    Gribkov, V. A.
    Dubrovsky, A. V.
    Ugaste, U.
    Laas, T.
    Scholz, M.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Kolman, B.
    Tartari, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147722.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    pulse irradiation
    surface damage
    Opis:
    The Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) devices PF-1000, PF-6 and PF-5M working with different gases and in dissimilar irradiation modes were used to carry out experimental investigations of irradiation of a number of materials by powerful pulsed ion and high-temperature plasma streams. The materials under test were designed for application in structural and functional components of thermonuclear fusion devices with magnetic (MPC) and inertial (IPC) plasma confinement, as well as for working chambers of plasma and accelerator devices. The main features of the materials are low-activation and radiation-resistant properties. On the basis of the investigations a significant progress was achieved in understanding of dynamics of high-energy nano- and micro-second pulsed streams in DPF from one side as well as on the mechanisms of their influence upon materials under irradiation from the other one. We demonstrated that this approach can be useful for certain tests of plasma-facing materials (e.g. W for MPC and stainless steels for IPC) and of structural (construction) elements of the above-mentioned devices subjected to pulsed high-energy radiation streams. The results obtained suggest also that DPF devices can be used in new pulse technologies for material treatment by means of powerful nanosecond and microsecond pulses of plasma and ion streams.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, 3; 111-121
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    PF-1000 device
    Autorzy:
    Scholz, M.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Gribkov, V.
    Mezzetti, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma
    plasma focus
    Z-pinch
    Opis:
    The paper presents the megajoule plasma focus facility operated at IPPLM. In order to study plasma focus (PF) discharges several diagnostics tools have been prepared. The preliminary observations of current sheath motion, as well as measurements of the current signals are reported.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2000, 45, 3; 155-158
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Surface and bulk processes in materials induced by pulsed ion and plasma beams at Dense Plasma Focus devices
    Autorzy:
    Pimenov, V.
    Maslyaev, S.
    Ivanov, L.
    Dyomina, E.
    Gribkov, V.
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Scholz, M.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Ugaste, U.
    Kolman, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147498.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    pulse irradiation
    surface damage
    Opis:
    A review of results and new data on the interaction of pulsed ion and dense plasma beams with metals in different Dense Plasma Focus (DPF) devices are presented. Different irradiation conditions with microsecond pulses of the power density in the range of 105 109 W/cm2 were applied. The most interesting thermal and radiation effects observed in both surface and bulk of the material positioned at the cathode part of the DPF device have been considered. Advanced directions of DPF use for scientific and applied problems of radiation material science were determined.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 71-78
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermodynamic and dynamical properties of dense ICF plasma
    Autorzy:
    Gabdullin, M. T.
    Kodanova, S. K.
    Ramazanov, T. S.
    Issanova, M. K.
    Ismagambetova, T. N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146117.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    Coulomb logarithm
    effective interaction potential
    equation of state
    stopping power
    Opis:
    In present work, thermodynamic expressions were obtained through potentials that took into consideration long-range many-particle screening effects as well as short-range quantum-mechanical effects and radial distribution functions (RDFs). Stopping power of the projectile ions in dense, non-isothermal plasma was considered. One of the important values that describe the stopping power of the ions in plasma is the Coulomb logarithm. We investigated the stopping power of ions in inertial confi nement fusion (ICF) plasma and other energetic characteristics of fuel. Calculations of ions energy losses in the plasma for different values of the temperature and plasma density were carried out. A comparison of the calculated data of ion stopping power and energy deposition with experimental and theoretical results of other authors was also performed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 125-129
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Irradiation of austenitic steel 10Cr12Mn14Ni4AlMo and titanium alloy Ti-Al-V by pulsed streams of fast nitrogen ions and plasma in a dense plasma focus
    Autorzy:
    Gribkov, V. A.
    Pimenov, V. N.
    Roschupkin, V. V.
    Maslyaev, S. A.
    Demina, E. V.
    Lyakhovitsky, M. M.
    Dubrovsky, A. V.
    Sasinovskaya, I. P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971548.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    radiation
    damage
    phase transition
    nanohardness
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    Opis:
    Austenitic steel 10Cr12Mn14Ni4AlMo and Ti-4Al-3V alloy were irradiated with nanosecond pulsed nitrogen ion and plasma streams in plasma focus devices. The two different modes of the treatment were applied: high power density (greater-than or equal to 10 8 W/cm2) irradiation with melting of the surface layer and irradiation with power density similar to 10 7 W/cm2 below the melting threshold. Structure and phase changes as well as the mechanisms of modification and hardening of the surface layers of the steel and titanium alloy upon applied irradiation are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 291-295
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Installations based on high efficiency high repetition rate miniature DPF chambers for material science
    Autorzy:
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Gribkov, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146795.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    miniature focus chamber
    PF instalation
    Opis:
    The report describes two DPF installations based on a miniature plasma focus chamber: the installation PF-3 of the energy store W = 3 kJ and the installation PF-0.2 (W = 200 J). The possibility of an adaptation of the small DPF device for the experimental samples irradiation is reported. A new construction intended for experiments with samples of various materials is presented.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2000, 45, 3; 159-162
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A new concept of fusion neutron monitoring for PF-1000 device
    Autorzy:
    Jednorog, S.
    Laszynska, E.
    Bienkowska, B.
    Ziolkowski, A.
    Paduch, M.
    Szewczak, K.
    Mikszuta, K.
    Malinowski, K.
    Bajdel, M.
    Potrykus, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148394.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    PF-1000
    neutron diagnostic
    activation technique
    Opis:
    The power output of plasma experiments and fusion reactors is a crucial parameter. It is determined by neutron yields that are proportional and directly related to the fusion yield. The number of emitted neutrons should be known for safety reasons and for neutron budget management. The PF-1000 is the large plasma facility based on the plasma focus phenomenon. PF-1000 is operating in the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion in Warsaw. Neutron yield changes during subsequent pulses, which is immanent part of this type device and so it must be monitored in terms of neutron emission. The reference diagnostic intended for this purpose is the silver activation counter (SAC) used for many years. Our previous studies demonstrated the applicability of radio-yttrium for neutron yield measurements during the deuterium campaign on the PF-1000 facility. The obtained results were compared with data from silver activation counter and shown linear dependence but with some protuberances in local scale. Correlation between results for both neutron monitors was maintained. But the yttrium monitor registered the fast energy neutron that reached measurement apparatus directly from the plasma pinch. Based on the preliminary experiences, the yttrium monitor was designed to automatically register neutron-induced yttrium activity. The MCNP geometrical model of PF-1000 and yttrium monitor were both used for calculation of the activation coefficient for yttrium. The yttrium monitor has been established as the permanent diagnostic for monitoring fusion reactions in the PF-1000 device.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2017, 62, 1; 17-22
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evolution of the small ball-like structures in the plasma focus discharge
    Autorzy:
    Cikhardtova, B.
    Kubes, P.
    Cikhardt, J.
    Paduch, M.
    Zielinska, E.
    Kravarik, J.
    Rezac, K.
    Kortanek, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146922.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    interferometric diagnostics
    organized structures in plasma
    plasmoids
    Opis:
    The experiments were carried out in the PF-1000 plasma-focus device at the maximum current reaching about 2 MA, at the deuterium or neon filling and with deuterium injected from a gas-puff nozzle placed on the axis of the anode face. Ball-like structures of diameters of 1–12 mm were identifi ed in interferometric and XUV pinhole camera frames. We made the statistical description of their parameters. A lifetime of the ball- -like structures was in the range from 30 to 210 ns, and in some cases even more. These structures appeared mostly at the surface of the imploding plasma shell and they did not change their position in relation to the anode end. During the evolution of these structures, interferometric fringes were observed near the surfaces of the structures only, and their internal parts were initially chaotic (without noticeable) fringes. Subsequently the number of interferometric fringes increased (the internal ‘chaotic’ area was fi lled with fringes too) and later on it decreased. The radii of the ball-like structures were mostly increasing during their existence. The maximum electron density reached the value of 1024 to 1025 m–3. The ball-like structures decayed by absorption inside the expanded pinch column and/or gradually expired in rare plasma outside of the dense plasma column.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2016, 61, 2; 155-159
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    DPF device application in the material characterization
    Autorzy:
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Silin, P.
    Gribkov, V.
    Volobuev, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146768.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    material sciences
    small DPF chamber
    X-rays
    Opis:
    The ability of a dense plasma focus (DPF) installation, to serve as a unique powerful hard X-ray and neutron pulse generator, is discussed. A principle of the dynamic detection of defects, based on a small-scale DPF device, is described. The results of a dynamic defect detection experiment are presented. Different aspects of the application and adaptation of a small DPF chamber for the material science, are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2000, 45, 3; 185-187
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental study of a powerful energy flow effect on materials in PF-1000 installation
    Autorzy:
    Borowiecki, M.
    De Chiara, P.
    Dubrovsky, A. V.
    Dyomina, E. V.
    Gribkov, V. A.
    Ivanov, L. I.
    Maslyaev, S. A.
    Mezzetti, F.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Pimenov, V. N.
    Pizzo, L.
    Scholz, M.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Ugaste, Y. E.
    Volobuev, I. V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148824.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    irradiation
    plasma jet
    shock wave
    test specimen
    Opis:
    The report describes some of the results obtained in an experimental study of the impact of a powerful plasma stream and a fast ion beam generated in a PF-1000 device on different materials perspective for the use in radiation loaded parts of pulsed plasma installations. Investigations were done during and after the interaction processes. It is shown that in case of irradiation of samples only by high power flux density plasma streams the effect of detachment still preserved. At the same time a low power flux density high-energy ion beam plays an important role in the process of saturation of the irradiated material by hydrogen.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 117-122
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Anisotropy of the neutron emission from PF-360 facility operated without and with solid-state targets
    Autorzy:
    Czaus, K.
    Baranowski, J.
    Sadowski, M.
    Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
    Zebrowski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146908.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    anisotropy
    beam-target mechanism
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    neutron yield
    thermal mechanism
    Opis:
    The paper reports on detailed studies of an anisotropy of the fusion-produced neutrons emitted from the modernized PF-360 facility [10], which has been operated with a pure deuterium-gas filling, without and with some additional solidstate targets containing deuterium atoms. Under standard operational conditions, anisotropy of the neutron yield from the PF-360 facility is similar to that observed in other PF devices. For the first time the neutron emission anisotropy has been measured in the PF experiments performed with a planar cryogenic target covered with a heavy-ice (D2O) layer. Changes in the Yn(Φ)/Yn(90°) ratio, particularly for angles Φ = 0–60°, have been explained by the known features of the angular distribution of fast deuterons.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 77-80
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of powerful pulses of hydrogen plasma upon materials in PF-1000 device
    Autorzy:
    Pimenov, V.
    Gribkov, V.
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Mezzetti, F.
    Scholz, M.
    Ugaste, U.
    Dyomina, E.
    Ivanov, L.
    Maslyaev, S.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Borowiecki, M.
    De Chiara, P.
    Pizzo, L.
    Szydlowski, A.
    Volobuev, I. V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147096.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    ion beam
    irradiation
    plasma jet
    surface damage
    test specimen
    Opis:
    The results of experimental investigations of powerful hydrogen plasma jets and fast ion beams interaction with various materials (austenitic chromium-manganese steels, pure vanadium, tungsten, graphite, copper, and their alloys: Cu-4 mass% Ni and Cu-10 mass% Ga) are presented. The materials were placed on the discharge axis of the PF-1000 device and irradiated with fluxes of fast ions (of energy in the range from tens keV up to several MeV) and with plasma streams (of power flux density q~(108 109) W/cm2). It was found that the fast ions and plasma streams caused different damages to the aforementioned materials. A diverse character of the damages to the individual investigated material was revealed. Some peculiarities of the process as well as the correlation between the surface density of the "macroscopic" structural defects (blisters and craters) and the fluence of the fast ions implanted in the specimen are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 4; 155-162
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of dense deuterium plasma pulses on materials in Plasma Focus device
    Autorzy:
    Ivanov, L.
    Pimenov, V.
    Maslyaev, S.
    Dyomina, E.
    Gribkov, V.
    Mezzetti, F.
    DeChiara, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146708.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    high-temperature plasma
    material science
    plasma focus
    Opis:
    Experiments on the influence of high-temperature plasma nanosecond pulse radiation, as generated in plasma focus device, on the W-Cu pseudoalloy, V-35at%Ti alloy, austenitic chromium-manganese 10Cr12Mn20W and 25Cr12Mn20W steels have been carried out. Features of damages, phase-structural transformations and chemical content changes in those materials under such irradiation were investigated.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2000, 45, 3; 203-207
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Status of a mega-joule scale Plasma-Focus experiments
    Autorzy:
    Scholz, M.
    Bieńkowska, B.
    Borowiecki, M.
    Ivanova-Stanik, I.
    Karpiński, L.
    Stępniewski, W.
    Paduch, M.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Sadowski, M.
    Szydłowski, A.
    Kubeš, P.
    Kravárik, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147496.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    plasma focus
    dense magnetized plasma
    neutron yield
    Opis:
    This paper presents results of the recent plasma-focus (PF) experiments carried out with PF facilities, which was operated at energies ranging from 0.5 MJ to about 1 MJ. Particular attention has been paid to pinch evolution, the emission of pulsed X-ray, fast electron beams, and fusion produced neutrons. Some theoretical models of the initial breakdown, which occurs at the insulator surface, are compared. It is pointed out that modeling of the breakdown is sensitive to kinetics of ionization processes and transport coefficients. Progress in experimental studies of the axial acceleration phase is unsatisfactory. Important experimental data have been collected, but new measurements are still needed. For the radial collapse phase, it was shown that the MHD modeling is efficient until the maximum compression, but plasma instabilities require more sophisticated approaches. The pinch phase was investigated by means of different diagnostics. Fusion neutron yields were measured in different experiments, but some discrepancies in scaling must still be explained. The conclusions concern directions for further studies and optimization of large-scale high-current PF facilities.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 79-84
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optical emission spectroscopy of plasma streams in PF-1000 experiments
    Autorzy:
    Jakubowska, K.
    Kubkowska, M.
    Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
    Malinowski, K.
    Marchenko, A. K.
    Paduch, M.
    Sadowski, M. J.
    Scholz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146628.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    optical emission spectroscopy
    deuterium Balmer series
    Ar II lines
    electron density
    Boltzmann plot
    Opis:
    The optical spectroscopy in the visible range was used to determine properties of the dense magnetized plasma generated in the PF-1000, a 1 MJ plasma focus device operating in the Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion (IPPLM) in Warsaw, Poland. The experiments were performed in a vacuum chamber pumped out to the basic pressure of 2 x 10.5 hPa. The initial pressure of the pure deuterium filling was 2.9 hPa, while that of the deuterium--argon mixture was 1.07 hPa of D2 and 0.13 hPa of Ar. The deuterium-plasma emission contained the Balmer series (Dalfa, Dbeta and Dgamma) and a few distinct copper (Cu I) lines originating from the inner electrode material. The emission of the deuterium-argon plasma was rich in Ar II lines. The electron density (ne), averaged over line of sight, of order of 1016 cm.3 was calculated on the basis of the Dalfa and Dbeta emission only, because the D�ż line was strongly self-absorbed. A group of the Ar II spectral lines was used to estimate the excitation temperature (Texc = 3 eV) by means of a Boltzmann plot. Additionally, the temporal evolution of the electron density was determined on basis of the Stark broadening of the Dalfa and Dgamma lines.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 2; 125-129
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    PF-6 an effective plasma focus as a source of ionizing radiation and plasma streams for application in material technology, biology and medicine
    Autorzy:
    Gribkov, V.
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Scholz, M.
    Jednorog, S.
    Karpiński, L.
    Tomaszewski, K.
    Paduch, M.
    Miklaszewski, R.
    Pimenov, V.
    Ivanov, L. I.
    Dyomina, E. V.
    Maslyaev, S. A.
    Orlova, M. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147424.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    ion beam
    plasma beam
    X-ray beams
    surface damage
    microlithography
    radioenzymology
    positron emission tomography (PET)
    Opis:
    A review of results on the design and operation of the new efficient Dense Plasma Focus device PF-6 of medium size (transportable) having bank energy of ca. 7 kJ and possessing a long lifetime is presented. New data on the interaction of the pulsed fast ion beams and dense plasma streams generated at this apparatus with various materials are given. These results are compared with the analogous information received at the biggest facility PF-1000. It is shown that it is possible to have about the same power flux density (in the range of 105 109 W/cm2) in both devices however in different areas. Doses of soft X-rays produced by the device within the resists for the goals of microlithography and micromachining appear to be several times less that it is with the conventional X-ray tube. In biological application of this device, medium- and hard-energy X-rays are exploited in the field of radioenzymology. It was found that the necessary dose producing activation/inactivation of enzymes can be by several orders of magnitude lower if used at a high-power flux density in comparison with those received with isotope sources. In medicine, short-life isotope production for the goals of the positron emission tomography (medicine diagnostics) is possible by means of the fast ions generated within DPF. All these experiments are discussed in the framework of pulsed radiation physics and chemistry in its perfect sense thereto the criteria are formulated.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 55-62
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transmission matrix and Faraday rotation in a structure composed of over-dense magnetized plasma, dielectric, and prism layers
    Autorzy:
    Nejati, M.
    Rajaei, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1058194.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-12
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    52.25.Xz
    52.59.Hq
    Opis:
    In this study, the anomalous transmission of wave through over-dense magnetized plasma is investigated. Electromagnetic waves propagate in over-dense matter through an excitation of the surface waves. For excitation of the surface waves, the structure of the prism, dielectric and magnetized over-dense plasma are considered. Variations in the transmitted and reflected amplitudes with the incident angle θ is investigated. Moreover, the effect of the thicknesses of the dielectric and plasma layers and that of the plasma and cyclotron frequencies on the transmitted wave amplitude are studied. In addition, the Faraday rotation of the transmitted and reflected waves as functions of the incident angle is investigated. The effect of various parameters on the Faraday rotation is considered. The prism currently deployed in this structure decreases the restriction of dielectric constant and provides conditions for actual construction.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 6; 1346-1351
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dense magnetized plasma and its applications: review of the 3-year activity of the IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme
    Autorzy:
    Gribkov, V.
    Malaquias, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147438.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense magnetized plasma
    ion beams
    plasma beams
    neutron beams
    X-ray beams
    irradiation
    high energy density
    volumetric interaction
    Opis:
    A review of the results received in the course of fulfillment of the International Atomic Energy Agency Co-ordinated Research Project “Dense Magnetized Plasma” for the last 3 years is presented. Niche of the plasma type within the plasma physics field is outlined. Efforts of the CRP participants concentrated on design and operation of new Dense Magnetized Plasma devices are described. All of them designed for plasma heating and for other applications mainly based on the interaction of radiations generated by the devices with different objects. Materials exploitable, diagnostics of the interaction processes, as well as analytical equipment used by the participants to process the irradiated targets are described. Works developed in the frame of the CRP are covered thermonuclear fusion applications, fundamental plasma physics and material science issues, medicine, biology, and some other spheres. New data on the interaction of the radiations generated in this apparatus with various materials are given. E.g. it was found that the necessary dose producing activation/inactivation of enzymes can be much lower if used at a high-power flux density in comparison with those received with classical sources. All these experiments are discussed in the framework of pulsed radiation chemistry in its perfect sense thereto the criteria are formulated. New foreseen applications of DMP devices mainly based on neutron radiation are proposed and discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 5-13
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of diaphragms on measurements of ions emitted from dense magnetized plasmas
    Autorzy:
    Skladnik-Sadowska, E.
    Sadowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146562.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    diagnostic of ions
    energy distribution
    plasma discharges
    separate ions
    Opis:
    The paper concerns the diagnostics of ions escaping from dense magnetized plasma (DMP) discharges. Particular attention is paid to the basic problem of the separation of such ions from the investigated plasma, under the condition that this process should not disturb the velocity (and energy) distribution functions of the measured ions.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 57-60
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The need of using anomalous resistivity due to Lower Hybrid Instabilities in plasma-magnetic field interfaces
    Autorzy:
    Bruzzone, H.
    Bernal, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147541.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    anomalous resistivity
    dense magnetised plasmas
    plasma instability
    Opis:
    Anomalous plasma can arise in dense plasmas as a consequence of the development resistivity of the Lower Hybrid drift Instability (LHI), which is triggered whenever the electron drift velocity becomes comparable to or larger than the thermal ion velocity. This effect was carefully evaluated for theta-pinch plasmas and later on used in the modelling of denser pinches, like Plasma Focus columns or Z-pinches, because of the diverging electron drift velocity expected in the classical equilibrium (uniform current, parabolic plasma density) pinch. Conceptually, the possibility of diverging drift velocities is far more a general situation than Z-pinches, and in this work we study it, in general, for plasma-magnetic field interfaces existing in other configurations, like that found in devices producing travelling current sheets (Plasma Focus devices, imploding pinches, etc.). We show that it is essential to account for this effect in steady state situations, and that it could be also important
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 2; 59-61
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ultrafast X-ray introspective imaging of metallic objects using a Plasma Focus
    Autorzy:
    Moreno, C. H.
    Clausse, A.
    Martínez, J. F.
    Llovera, R.
    Tartaglione, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146595.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasmas
    electrical discharges
    plasma focus
    X-ray imaging
    X-rays
    Opis:
    A compact-chamber 4.7 kJ, 30 kV, Plasma Focus operated in deuterium was used as a ultrafast high intensity radiation source for introspective radiographic imaging of metallic objects. The samples to be imaged were located outside the Plasma Focus chamber, about 1 m away from the chamber wall. A high-sensitivity, fast-response commercial radiographic film was used as a X-ray detector. Experimentally obtained images are presented showing a very high penetration power of the X-ray beam, demonstrating that the presented compact-chamber Plasma Focus is suited for introspective visualisation of pieces manufactured on metal.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, suppl. 1; 33-34
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Generation of shock waves in dense plasmas by high-intensity laser pulses
    Autorzy:
    Pasley, J.
    Bush, I. A.
    Robinson, A. P. L.
    Rajeev, P. P.
    Mondal, S.
    Lad, A. D.
    Ahmed, S.
    Narayanan, V.
    Ravindra Kumar, D
    Kingham, R. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147346.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    shock waves
    radiation hydrodynamics
    laser–plasma interactions
    fast ignition
    inertial confinement fusion
    Doppler spectroscopy
    Opis:
    When intense short-pulse laser beams (I > 1022 W/m2, τ < 20 ps) interact with high density plasmas, strong shock waves are launched. These shock waves may be generated by a range of processes, and the relative significance of the various mechanisms driving the formation of these shock waves is not well understood. It is challenging to obtain experimental data on shock waves near the focus of such intense laser–plasma interactions. The hydrodynamics of such interactions is, however, of great importance to fast ignition based inertial confinement fusion schemes as it places limits upon the time available for depositing energy in the compressed fuel, and thereby directly affects the laser requirements. In this manuscript we present the results of magnetohydrodynamic simulations showing the formation of shock waves under such conditions, driven by the j × B force and the thermal pressure gradient (where j is the current density and B the magnetic field strength). The time it takes for shock waves to form is evaluated over a wide range of material and current densities. It is shown that the formation of intense relativistic electron current driven shock waves and other related hydrodynamic phenomena may be expected over time scales of relevance to intense laser–plasma experiments and the fast ignition approach to inertial confi nement fusion. A newly emerging technique for studying such interactions is also discussed. This approach is based upon Doppler spectroscopy and offers promise for investigating early time shock wave hydrodynamics launched by intense laser pulses.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 2; 193-198
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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