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Tytuł:
Po liteness across cultures and languages — a contrastive study of Norwegian and English
Autorzy:
Awedyk, Witosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1177604.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Opis:
This paper discusses verbal realization of one request situation which has been used in the empirical part of my doctoral dissertation (Awedyk 2001) which sets out to compare and contrast request strategies in the realization of the speech act of request in Norwegian and English. The present article is a continuation of the discussion on request strategies I touched upon in my previous article (Awedyk 2003).
Źródło:
Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia; 2006, 9; 9-22
1230-4786
2299-6885
Pojawia się w:
Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Asking and answering: A contrastive study of English and Swedish basic communication verbs
Autorzy:
Viberg, Åke
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
corpus-based contrastive study
lexical semantics
FrameNet
English
Swedish
Verbal Communication verbs
Opis:
This article presents a contrastive study of the English verbs ask and answer and their Swedish correspondents based on data from the English Swedish Parallel Corpus (ESPC), which is bi-directional and contains Swedish and English original texts and their corresponding translations. As a background, a short overview is given of Verbal Communication Verbs (VCVs) in general with brief discussions of speech act theory (Searle), direct and reported speech and conceptual frames (FrameNet) and their syntactic realizations. The contrastive study is concerned with networks of polysemy and the relationships of various senses with differing syntactic realizations across languages. The senses of ask are primarily distributed between two verbs in Swedish: fråga ‘ask a question’ and be ‘request (politely)’ but even some verbs with more specific meanings are involved. The concept of answering forms a conceptual network which is similar in English and Swedish but contrasts with respect to the way meanings are divided up between various verbs. English has a number of verbs such as answer, reply, respond, correspond, retort and rejoin, whereas Swedish to a great extent relies on one verb (svara) and its morphological derivations: besvara, ansvara, motsvara, försvara. In the Conclusion, pedagogical applications of the study are briefly discussed.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2016, 2; 180-212
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ways of Conceptualising Male and Female Genitalia in Spanish and Polish: a Contrastive Study
Autorzy:
Popek-Bernat, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677107.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
erotic lexicon
sex terms
cognitive metaphor
cognitive semantics
metalexicographic studies
Opis:
Ways of Conceptualising Male and Female Genitalia in Spanish and Polish: a Contrastive StudyThe article deals with the reconstruction of the ways of conceptualising male and female genitalia encoded in Spanish and Polish lexicon. In order to carry out our investigation we propose a 5-stage analytical procedure based on the ideas developed previously by Pragglejaz Group in 2007 and by the investigators from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul in 2009. We pretend to demonstrate that the metalexicographic analysis applied to cognitive studies enables us to observe some interesting linguistic trends which reflect sociocultural attitudes towards, among others, erotic issues.
Źródło:
Cognitive Studies; 2015, 15
2392-2397
Pojawia się w:
Cognitive Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Verbes de la cuisine utilisés au sens figuré : étude contrastive
Kitchen verbs used figuratively: a contrastive study
Autorzy:
Cholewa, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2109910.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
contrastive study
figurative meaning
metaphorical and metonymic transfers
semantic extension
Opis:
This paper analyzes two French cooking verbs: cuire and bouillir, and their Polish equivalents: (–)gotować (się), (–)piec (się), (–)smażyć (się), wrzeć, the symbol (–) indicates the prefix slot. Its purpose is to observe the figurative meanings of these verbs that are based on metaphorical and metonymic transfers. We have been able to identify the following semantic extensions, which are however not systematically exploited in the two analyzed languages: to submit to a strong action of the heat, to make a modification, to cause a physical or a moral pain, a painful feeling, to feel strong negative emotions, to be filled with anxiety, to be upset, to upset or to create difficulties, to stay unaided, helpless or lost, to be unable to escape, to regret, to be drunk, to write a text with great effort, to be hot, to boil, to resound with noise, to be in progress in an intense manner, to be in a state of excitement, not to suffer the consequences.
Źródło:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe; 2018, 18; 45-57
1641-6961
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metaphorical conceptualizations of "death" and "dying" in American English and Polish: a corpus-based contrastive study
Autorzy:
Kuczok, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2050067.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Opis:
The present paper compares the statistical data concerning the use of conceptual metaphors for death and dying in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego (NKJP). Since death belongs to taboo topics, people often resort to euphemisms in order to cope with this diffi cult issue. Among linguistic devices used to create death euphemisms a special role is played by metaphor. Linguists interested in the language of death and dying provide lists of metaphors used by English and Polish speakers to conceptualize death, compiled on the basis of dictionaries, literature, press obituaries, headstone inscriptions, and even a TV series. In line with Kövecses’s observations (2005) that patterns of metaphorical conceptualization are not completely universal among cultures and languages, it is assumed that the metaphors for death and dying also differ between American Polish and English. The analysis of lexical correlates of death metaphors in the two language corpora allows us to identify the most common and the least common metaphors in both languages.
Źródło:
Linguistica Silesiana; 2016, 37; 125-142
0208-4228
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Silesiana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Language economy in short text messages
Autorzy:
Dąbrowska, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/634633.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
short text message, language economy, shortening strategies, contrastive study
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to investigate some of the formal characteristics of the genre of the short text message, with a special focus on the concept of language economy, which typically underlies the use of this mode of communication. The subject of analysis are text messages in two languages, English and Polish, which are compared in terms of the methods of text shortening used by the two language systems. The elements studied include word clippings, vowel deletion, word-letter substitution, word-number substitution, spelling simplification, and pronoun deletion. The aim is to establish the preferred options in the two languages and identify reasons for such choices.
Źródło:
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis; 2011, 128
2083-4624
Pojawia się w:
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cross-cultural differences in the use of rhetorical strategies in academic texts. An English and Czech contrastive study
Autorzy:
Kozubíková Šandová, Jana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2054284.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
rhetorical strategies
Anglophone academic writing tradition
Czech academic writing tradition
strategic hedging
research article
research thesis
Opis:
Academic authors employ various language means in order to construct and disseminate knowledge, to sound persuasive, to undergird their arguments, but also to seek agreement within the academic community. The aim of this paper is to analyse a selected group of rhetorical strategies used by Anglophone and Czech authors of Linguistics research articles (RAs) and research theses (RTs). These strategies are assumed to vary in both academic genres since the position of their writers within the academic community differs. Even though authors of RAs have to meet reviewers’ requirements in order for their article to be published, so their relative position may be lower than that of the reviewers’, authors of RAs may have the same “absolute status” as the reviewers may be just as expert in that particular field. By contrast, the status of research students is lower than that of their evaluators both in relative and absolute terms. Even though students may gain some learned authority in presenting an original contribution, their assessors command both learned and institutional authority, hence are endowed with a higher status. Apart from comparing rhetorical strategies used in RAs and RTs, the paper focuses on cross-cultural differences between Anglophone and Czech academic writing traditions.
Źródło:
Linguistica Silesiana; 2020, 41; 177-195
0208-4228
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Silesiana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Most Problematic Aspects of American Pronunciation for Polish Learners of English with and without Prior Phonetic Training
Autorzy:
Lisik, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28408457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT – Wrocławskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe
Tematy:
phonetics
phonology
General American English
Polish
contrastive study
Opis:
Previous research on the topic of contrastive phonetics and phonology of Polish and English and studies of pronunciation errors focused only on British RP without examining General American (GA). Hence, this paper aims to describe the most problematic pronunciation errors that may be made by a Polish learner of American English as a second language, and it also evaluates the role of explicit training in phonetics received by Polish learners as well as determines whether it is possible for learners without prior phonetic training to adopt certain aspects of pronunciation from a native General American English teacher. Furthermore, this paper focuses on pronunciation errors that are caused by the linguistic contrasts. These aforementioned pronunciation errors are verified through a linguistic experiment, which relies on an analysis of parameters regarded as significantly influencing an accent (such as voicing or aspiration) present in recordings of two groups of ten participants, one consisting of learners with a prior phonetic training, and the other without any phonetic knowledge. The results of the experiment show that the most challenging aspect of GA English pronunciation for less advanced learners is the production of sounds that do not exist in the learners’ native language, whereas for the learners with prior phonetic experience the most problematic are the rules of releasing the plosives. The experiment also indicates that the role of a native speaker in the pronunciation learning process can be beneficial; however, learners require explicit corrective feedback to avoid distortion and negative transfer.
Źródło:
Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft; 2023, 12; 131-151
2299-4122
2657-4799
Pojawia się w:
Beiträge zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Sprachwissenschaft
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tradurre la lineetta singola: uno studio contrastivo macedone-italiano
Translating the Dash: A Contrastive Study of Macedonian-Italian
Autorzy:
Stojmenova Weber, Roska
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/446352.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-13
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
translation
Macedonian
Italian
punctuation
dash
traduzione
macedone
italiano
punteggiatura
lineetta singola
Opis:
The aim of this article is to illustrate the strategies adopted to translate the dash from Macedonian into Italian in contemporary literary texts. This punctuation mark follows partially different principles in the two languages: morpho-syntactic and informative-textual ones in Macedonian and informative-textual principles in Italian. In addition, the source language reveals a frequent and systematic use of the dash, while it is not very common in the target language nor fully integrated into its punctuation system. From this analysis, two significant data have emerged. Firstly, it has been observed that, amongst the translating strategies of the dash from Macedonian into Italian, what prevails is the use of a “passe-partout” comma, which separates two clauses and replaces stronger punctuation marks, such as the colon, the semicolon, and the period. Secondly, it has been observed that the translation does not contribute to transferring the Macedonian model into the Italian language: the dash of the original text is kept in the target text only when there is equivalence between the two punctuation systems.
il contributo si propone di illustrare le strategie applicate nell’atto traduttivo della lineetta singola dal macedone all’italiano in testi letterari contemporanei. Nelle due lingue il segno di punteggiatura risponde a principi parzialmente diversi: morfosintattici e informativo-testuali in macedone e informativo-testuali per quanto riguarda l’italiano. Inoltre, la lingua di partenza presenta un uso frequente e sistematico della lineetta singola, mentre nella lingua d’arrivo essa non è pienamente integrata nel sistema interpuntivo ed è poco diffusa. Dall’analisi sono emersi due dati significativi. Si è osservato, innanzitutto, che tra le strategie di resa della lineetta dal macedone all’italiano predomina la sostituzione con la virgola “passepartout”, la quale si pone a cavallo di due Enunciati al posto dei segni interpuntivi più forti, quali i due punti, il punto e virgola e il punto fermo. In secondo luogo, si è notato che il risultato della traduzione non contribuisce a diffondere in italiano usi plasmati sul modello macedone: la lineetta singola del testo originale è trasposta nel testo di arrivo unicamente quando c’è equivalenza tra i due sistemi interpuntivi.
Źródło:
Italica Wratislaviensia; 2019, 10.1; 261-278
2084-4514
Pojawia się w:
Italica Wratislaviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contrastive study of the trend of metamorphosis of political activism using theatre in the twentieth and twenty-first century
Autorzy:
Yohanna, Joseph, Waliya,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/890359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09-28
Wydawca:
Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:
theatre
political activism
art historiography
Opis:
Ever since antiquities, theatre has been a medium of provoking sentimental reaction and an entertainment of the populace especially the elite. Authors of this genre do present active noble characters in their works making as if it is real. We do learn in Greco-Roman Empire how amphitheatre hosted Caesars, their officials and empiric subjects watching the gladiators and the persecuted Christians in the medieval era. Fifty years of cinema and the television as well as the new media have changed the mind-set of the global community towards life in general to form a unique interconnected universal cultural chains. In this research, we would like to use political activism theories called pluralist theories of Norris Pippa as critical lens to analyse the trend of political activism in the modern theatre of the early 21st century in comparison to that of the 20th century which led to violent revolutionary movements.
Źródło:
International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies; 2017, 4(1); 80-86
2392-0092
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finding a model for contrastive lexical semantics: A look at verbal communication verbs
Autorzy:
Viberg, Åke
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
corpus-based contrastive study
lexical semantics
FrameNet
English
Swedish
Verbal Communication verbs
Opis:
A basic problem for contrastive lexical studies in general is to find a model for the semantic analysis. This paper is one in a series of corpus-based contrastive studies of the field of Verbal Communication Verbs (VCVs) in English and Swedish. Searle’s classification of speech acts serves as an important starting point but is not directly concerned with lexical structure, which is a major concern for the two theories that are compared in this study. FrameNet based on Fillmore’s theory of semantic frames and Wierzbicka’s theory of semantic primitives (or “primes”). The theories are applied and tested on data from the English Swedish Parallel Corpus (ESPC) containing English and Swedish original texts together with their translations into the other language. Primarily two groups of English verbs and their Swedish correspondents will be analyzed: (1) Information verbs such as tell, inform, notify, report, narrate and describe and (2) Speech activity verbs such as talk, speak, chat, converse, gossip, discuss, debate, negotiate and bargain. There is also an analysis of Swedish berätta ‘tell, narrate’ based on the Multilingual Parallel Corpus (MPC) as an example of multilingual contrastive analysis. Frames relate in a clear way the conceptual structure and the syntactic argument structure, which is very useful in a contrastive study. However, the definition of the meaning of individual verbs is incomplete and needs to be complemented with some kind of decompositional analysis such as the theory of semantic primes. A special section is devoted to an analysis of a large number of compound and derived forms of the Swedish verb tala ‘speak’ and a discussion of how contrasts in morphological structure can affect the lexical contrasts between two languages.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2017, 3; 195-215
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Insults and Swear Words in the TinTin Comic: Morpho-Pragmatic Contrastive Study
Zniewagi i przekleństwa w komiksie TinTin: kontrastywne studium morfopragmatyczne
Autorzy:
Antoniou, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955622.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-30
Wydawca:
Krakowskie Towarzystwo TERTIUM
Tematy:
insults
swear words
pragmatics
morphology
linguistic politeness
cultural values
cross-cultural communication
Greek
French
English
discourse analysis
zniewaga
przekleństwa
pragmatyka
morfologia
grzeczność
wartości kulturowe
komunikacja międzykulturowa
grecki
francuski
angielski
analiza dyskursu
Opis:
Linguists consider insults/swear words as interjections carrying an expressive, cathartic, function, through which the enunciator manifests emotions. We provide a contrastive study of insults/swear words, investigating whether there are specific morphological/syntactic structures pertaining to insults/swear words and discuss the cross-cultural similarities/differences in the pragmatic use of this kind of language, focusing on the perspective of politeness. To do so, we analyse examples drawn from Hergé’s TinTin and their translation into Greek and English, this comic being rich in insults /swear words due to the particularities of the genre of discourse and Captain Haddock’s expressive character. The question is whether the implicit pragmatic/cultural values are the same in all the texts or there are important differences, which can be traced, deriving from the particularities of each of the languages of study. It emerged that the Greek chosen utterances reflect all the parameters influencing the original: phonological, semantic, pragmatic, stylistic. The English version seems to be more distant on all levels of analysis. The (non)preservation of the parameters depends on the peculiarities of the Greek, French and English languages and on the collective images of the recipients. Our conclusions match previous researches, proving Greek as positive politeness oriented, opposed to English (see also Romero 2000; Sifianou 2001). 
W opinii wielu językoznawców zniewagi i przekleństwa uważane są za wtrącenia transmitujące funkcję ekspresywną wypowiedzi, poprzez którą osoba wypowiadająca je manifestuje swoje emocje (Guiraud 1975; Rouayrenc 1998). Ich użycie ma więc charakter oczyszczający. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przeprowadzenie kontrastywnej analizy językowej w odniesieniu do zniewag i przekleństw. Autorka bada czy istnieją specyficzne struktury morfologiczne i syntaktyczne, które odnoszą się do zniewag i przekleństw, jak również omawia, z punktu widzenia uprzejmości, międzykulturowe podobieństwa i różnice w pragmatycznym użyciu tego rodzaju języka. Aby osiągnąć zamierzone cele, autorka zestawia przykłady zaczerpnięte z komiksu TinTin Hergé’a i ich tłumaczenia na grecki i angielski, a to z uwagi na fakt, że komiks ów, ze względu na specyficznym typ dyskursu obecnego w nim i ekspresywny charakter Kapitana Haddoka, obfituje w zniewagi i przekleństwa, co z kolei jest źródłem oralności i hiperboliczności. Należy zadać pytanie: czy pragmatyka wyrażona implicite i wartości kulturowe są takie same we wszystkich analizowanych tu tekstach, czy też można zaobserwować znaczące różnice? Okazuje się, że wersja grecka preferuje powiązane ze sobą wyrazy złożone, a wybrane wypowiedzi stanowią odzwierciedlenie wszystkich parametrów zamieszczonych w oryginale, tj. fonologicznych, semantycznych, pragmatycznych i stylistycznych. W odróżnieniu od powyższego, wersja angielska wydaje się być bardziej oddalona na każdym poziomie analizy. Jednocześnie (nie) utrzymywanie parametrów zależy od specyficznych cech języka greckiego, francuskiego i angielskiego, jak również od wspólnych wyobrażeń odbiorców tekstu. Uzyskane wyniki są spójne z wcześniejszymi wnioskami i potwierdzają, że język grecki, w przeciwieństwie do angielskiego, jest raczej zorientowany na pozytywne formy uprzejmość (zob. Romero 2000; Sifianou 2001).
Źródło:
Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium; 2021, 6, 1; 86-121
2543-7844
Pojawia się w:
Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Note sur l’adverbe temporel już et ses correspondants français
Autorzy:
Nowakowska, Małgorzata
Apothéloz, Denis
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/677029.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
contrastive study
Polish and French
aspectual-temporal adverbs
już and déjà
perfect
temporal deixis
Opis:
A remark concerning the temporal adverb już and its French equivalentsGenerally speaking, this contrastive study of the Polish temporal adverb już and the French déjà is based around the idea that już and déjà have an invariant meaning but it is also true that they follow different idiosyncratic usages. This article has two parts. First, the authors show the usages of już which are equivalent to those of déjà. These usages appear when już and déjà are put in a specific verbal context. The authors describe the four cases in which już and déjà are equivalent: “precocity of event”, existential usage, iterative-continuative usage, experiential perfect usage. Secondly, the authors analyze four cases in which the Polish adverb już can’t be translated by the French déjà. These incompatibilities can be explained by either morphological idiosyncrasy or the conventionalization of deictic meaning of już, which is absent of déjà.
Źródło:
Cognitive Studies; 2011, 11
2392-2397
Pojawia się w:
Cognitive Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
European Union Terminology Unification - Directions for the Contrastive Study of Two Slavic and Two Non-Slavic Languages (Bulgarian, Polish, Modern Greek and English)
Autorzy:
Genew-Puhalewa, Iliana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
term
European Union terminology
terminology unification
Bulgarian
Modern Greek
Polish
comparative study
Opis:
This study attempts to characterize terminology unification in the European Union legislation, regarding both content and form. It analyzes terms related to the thematic field of environmental law in four official EU languages: two Slavic (Bulgarian and Polish) and two non-Slavic (Modern Greek and English). Different types of relations between the languages under comparison suggest possible directions for further comparative study. The comparison aims to identify differences and similarities in the componential structure, formal-grammatical structure, word formation structure, form variantivity, origin and formal status. The study may also testify to the presence of linguistic convergence processes in the multilingual European Union.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2011, 9, 1; 69-79
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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