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Tytuł:
A regional comparison of children’s blood cadmium, lead, and mercury in rural, urban and industrial areas of six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco
Autorzy:
Hrubá, Františka
Černá, Milena
Chen, Chunying
Harari, Florencia
Horvat, Milena
Koppová, Kvetoslava
Krsková, Andrea
Laamech, Jawhar
Li, Yu-Feng
Löfmark, Lina
Lundh, Thomas
Lyoussi, Badiaa
Mazej, Darja
Osredkar, Joško
Pawlas, Krystyna
Pawlas, Natalia
Prokopowicz, Adam
Rentschler, Gerda
Snoj Tratnik, Janja
Sommar, Johan
Spěváčková, Věra
Špirić, Zdravko
Skerfving, Staffan
Bergdahl, Ingvar A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21375677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-07
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
biological monitoring
child
mercury
lead
environmental pollutants
cadmium
Opis:
Objectives The authors aimed to evaluate whether blood cadmium (B-Cd), lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) in children differ regionally in 9 countries, and to identify factors correlating with exposure. Material and Methods The authors performed a cross-sectional study of children aged 7–14 years, living in 2007–2008 in urban, rural, or potentially polluted (“hot spot”) areas (ca. 50 children from each area, in total 1363 children) in 6 European and 3 non-European countries. The authors analysed Cd, Pb, and total Hg in blood and collected information on potential determinants of exposure through questionnaires. Regional differences in exposure levels were assessed within each country. Results Children living near industrial “hot-spots” had B-Cd 1.6 (95% CI: 1.4–1.9) times higher in the Czech Republic and 2.1 (95% CI:1.6–2.8) times higher in Poland, as compared to urban children in the same countries (geometric means [GM]: 0.13 μg/l and 0.15 μg/l, respectively). Correspondingly, B-Pb in the “hot spot” areas was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.6–2.1) times higher than in urban areas in Slovakia and 2.3 (95% CI: 1.9–2.7) times higher in Poland (urban GM: 19.4 μg/l and 16.3 μg/l, respectively). In China and Morocco, rural children had significantly lower B-Pb than urban ones (urban GM: 64 μg/l and 71 μg/l, respectively), suggesting urban exposure from leaded petrol, water pipes and/or coal-burning. Hg “hot spot” areas in China had B-Hg 3.1 (95% CI: 2.7–3.5) times higher, and Ecuador 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2–1.9) times higher, as compared to urban areas (urban GM: 2.45 μg/l and 3.23 μg/l, respectively). Besides industrial exposure, traffic correlated with B-Cd; male sex, environmental tobacco smoke, and offal consumption with B-Pb; and fish consumption and amalgam fillings with B-Hg. However, these correlations could only marginally explain regional differences. Conclusions These mainly European results indicate that some children experience about doubled exposures to toxic elements just because of where they live. These exposures are unsafe, identifiable, and preventable and therefore call for preventive actions.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2023, 36, 3; 349-364
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring małych rzek wyżynnych na przykładzie potoku Łękawka (gmina Bestwina, województwo śląskie)
Monitoring of small upland rivers on the example of the Łękawka stream (Bestwina commune, Silesian Voivodeship)
Autorzy:
Salachna, Anna
Widuch, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539564.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Bielsko-Bialski
Tematy:
stan ekologiczny
stan chemiczny
wskaźniki biologiczne
makrobezkręgowce bentosowe
ecological status
chemical status
biological indicators
benthic macroinvertebrates
Opis:
The paper presents the assessment of the water condition of the Łękawka stream according Water Framework Directive, carried out on the basis of research on benthic macroinvertebrates and the analysis of data on other indicators used in the monitoring of waters. Sampling of macroinvertebrates, taxonomic identification and calculation of the MMI_PL index were carried out in accordance with the Multi-Habitat Sampling (MHS) method according to the EU standard EN16150:2012, used in Poland for the monitoring of surface waters. Field studies were carried out in September 2022. From each site, 20 quantitative samples were taken from various fractions of the substrate present in the bottom, using a Surber net. Data on other biological indicators, physicochemical and hydrobiological parameters and chemical status were obtained from the resources of the State Environmental Monitoring, concerning the results of monitoring of rivers and dam reservoirs in Poland in 2016-2021. Studies of the invertebrate macrofauna of the Łękawka stream showed the occurrence of only nine families, dominated by taxa with a wide range of ecological tolerance. The final assessment of the ecological status of the Łękawka water body, according to the RDW guidelines, based on the results of monitoring studies, showed a bad ecological status (class V) of the ecosystem. The key in-fluence on this assessment, in accordance with the principle "the worst decides" was the value of the Polish Multimetric Ecological Quality Index MMI_PL, confirmed by the results of the hydromorphological index (HIR). The chemical status of the examined water body, determined on the basis of the results of monitoring priority substances in the field of water policy (a group of 45 indicators) and other pollutants (eight indicators), showed a "below good" class. Finally, on the basis of a comparison of the ecological and chemical status, the bad condition of the Łękawka stream was confirmed. The obtained results indicate a significant disruption in the functioning of the water ecosystem as well as a violation of the hydrological regime and morphological conditions of the streambed. It means that the achievement of the environmental goal set by the Water Framework Directive is very seriously threatened. Therefore, it is necessary to urgently regulate activities in the field of water and sewage management in the catchment area, regarding water intake and discharge of municipal and industrial sewage.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering; 2023, 5(25); 41-49
2720-1252
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drzewa przydrożne w gminie Buczkowice (województwo śląskie)
Roadside trees in the Buczkowice commune (Silesian Voivodeship)
Autorzy:
Pietraszko, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063999.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Akademia Techniczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
drzewa przydrożne
inwentaryzacja
monitoring biologiczny
roadside trees
environmental inventory
biological monitoring
Opis:
The research consisted of inventory and health status assessment of 105 roadside trees growing along Voivodeship Road 942 (Buczkowice commune, Silesian Voivodeship). During the study, dendrometric data, such as: tree height, circumference and diameter at the base and at the breast height, crown height, height to first branches, crown span and its shape were collected. Roadside trees, on the one hand, are aesthetic element of road surroundings responsible for environmental and protective functions, and on the other they effect on the safety of road users. Taking this into consideration, it is necessary to take care of regularity of maintenance activities and treatments to ensure proper trees health. At the same time, the proximity of the road may lead to need to remove some trees - e.g. during modernization and construction works related to road infrastructure. Roadside trees in the Buczkowice commune belonged to 13 species, among which 10 were deciduous tree species and 3 were coniferous species. The most numerous were black poplars cultivar 'Italica' (Populus nigra L. 'Italica', 21 specimens). Two invasive alien species (green ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica and black locust Robinia pseudoacacia) were found with a total number of 15. Three trees had circumference that corresponded to the circumference of monumental trees (two sycamores Acer pseudoplatanus and one black alder Alnus glutinosa). Trees health condition was based on presence of trunk and crown damage. Specifically, 53 of the examined roadside trees had satisfactory, 37 - average, 9 - good and 6 - poor health condition. In order to keep trees in good health, regular conservation and protection treatments are recommended. It was noted that such actions can help reduce the risk to road safety. The main threats to roadside trees were also indicated (collisions with vehicles, increase in salinity due to the use of chemicals to prevent road icing during winter and waste deposited around trees). In addition, the quantitative status of roadside trees in 2018 and 2022 were compared. Before 2022, 46 trees were removed as a result of road investments involving the construction of ring road of Buczkowice, sidewalk and bicycle path.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering; 2022, 3(23); 28-43
2720-1252
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Long-term water quality monitoring using Sentinel-2 data, Głuszyńskie Lake case study
Autorzy:
Ciężkowski, Wojciech
Frąk, Magdalena
Kardel, Ignacy
Kościelny, Marcin
Chormański, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36055080.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
sentinel-2
inland water
biological oxygen demand
BOD
dissolved organic carbon
DOC
electrical conductivity
EC
chlorophyll concentration
CHL
Opis:
This study shows the results of long-term inland water monitoring using Sentinel-2 data for Głuszyńskie Lake in the years 2015–2022. Four water quality parameters: biological oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), chlorophyll concentration (CHL) and electrical conductivity (EC) were calculated according to formulas found in the literature. The results were validated based on measurements conducted in 2021 and 2022, where for BOD, DOC and CHL high determination coefficients (0.77 and 0.79) were observed, and the EC determination coefficient was equal to 0.45. The results show that empirical formulas can be used for qualitative analyses of inland water quality, while for quantitative analyses more extensive field work needs to be performed.
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2022, 31, 4; 283-293
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona zdrowia pracownika narażonego na czynniki chemiczne w środowisku pracy – monitoring biologiczny w ocenie ryzyka zdrowotnego: regulacje prawne
Health protection of a worker exposed to chemical agents in the work environment – biological monitoring in health risk assessment: legal regulations
Autorzy:
Gregorczyk, Robert
Janasik, Beata
Smuga, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2118792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-05
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
regulacje prawne
ocena narażenia
czynniki chemiczne
monitoring biologiczny
szacowanie ryzyka
occupational health and safety
legislation
exposure assessment
chemical agents
biological monitoring
risk assessment
Opis:
Jednym z priorytetów z zakresu bezpieczeństwa i higieny pracy w Unii Europejskiej (UE) są badania dotyczące rozpowszechniania oraz zastosowania wyników badań naukowych. Skutkuje to zmianami w prawodawstwie dotyczącym oceny narażenia na czynniki chemiczne i szacowania ryzyka. Celem pracy jest analiza regulacji prawnych stosowanych w UE dotyczących oceny narażenia i szacowania ryzyka na czynniki chemiczne na podstawie badań monitoringu biologicznego w kontekście ochrony zdrowia pracowników oraz w nawiązaniu do systemu i norm zarządzania higieną pracy. Przeprowadzono analizę obowiązujących przepisów prawnych oraz zaleceń i wytycznych dotyczących prowadzenia badań z zakresu monitoringu biologicznego w ocenie narażenia pracowników. Zestawiono obowiązujące w Polsce przepisy z regulacjami wprowadzonymi w UE. Przeprowadzono ocenę zasadności wdrażania narzędzi monitoringu biologicznego w profilaktyce zdrowia pracujących jako dodatkowego narzędzia służącego ochronie pracownika przed działaniem czynników chemicznych.
One of the priorities in the field of occupational safety and health in the European Union (EU) is research on dissemination and application of scientific results, which results in changes in legislation on exposure assessment to chemical agents and risk estimation. The aim of this paper is to analyze the EU legislation on exposure assessment and risk estimation to chemical agents based on biological monitoring studies, in the context of workers’ health protection, with reference to the occupational hygiene management system and standard. An analysis was made of the current legal regulations as well as recommendations and guidelines for biological monitoring studies in the assessment of workers’ exposure to selected metals. A comparison was made between the regulations in force in Poland and in EU. The rationale for implementing biological monitoring tools in occupational health prevention as an additional tool to protect workers from chemical agents was evaluated.
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2022, 73, 4; 349-356
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prospects for using wastewater from a farm for algae cultivation: The case of Eastern Colombia
Autorzy:
Urbina-Suarez, Nestor Andres
Barajas-Solano, Andres Fernando
Garcia-Martinez, Janet Bibiana
Lopez-Barrera, German Luciano
González-Delgado, Angel Dario
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073734.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
biological treatment
characterisation
microalgae
monitoring
nutrient wastewater
Opis:
In recent years, the technical and economic feasibility of using microalgae and cyanobacteria has been explored for the removal and exploitation of domestic, agricultural and industrial residual effluents with high C, N and P compounds content. To contribute to the understanding of the process and its technical viability for microalgae growth, the article discusses monitoring, flow determination, and physicochemical characteristics of two types of effluents generated in an experimental farm located in the east of Colombia, before (R1) and after biological treatment (R2). In general, the results showed the reduction of different parameters, such as total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, salinity and phosphates after treatment with activated sludge. However, the conductivity value obtained in R1 and R2 showed the presence of a pollutant load. These findings can be attributed to the highest concentration of fats and oils in the water during early hours of the day. Finally, although the concentration of nitrates increased from 46.63 to 225.21 mg∙dm-3 and phosphate decreased slightly from 9.65 to 6.21 mg∙dm-3,no inhibition was generated in the microalgae, as evidenced in the growth of the microalgal biomass in effluents after nitrate and phosphate removal above 80%.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 172--179
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The biological monitoring as a source of information on environmental pollution with heavy metals
Autorzy:
Wacławek, Maria
Świsłowski, Paweł
Rajfur, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2175226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biological monitoring
biomonitoring
biological material
heavy metals
atomic absorption spectrometry
monitoring biologiczny
materiał biologiczny
metale ciężkie
absorpcyjna spektrometria atomowa
Opis:
The influence of environmental pollution on living organisms has been known for a long time, but it was not until the second half of the twentieth century that methodical studies on the influence of anthropopressure on changes in ecosystems began. Living organisms began to be used as biological indicators of environmental pollution. Cyclical and quantitative studies of pollutant concentrations in bioaccumulators have become the basis of modern biological monitoring (biomonitoring) of environmental pollution. Biomonitoring studies are carried out with the passive method (passive biomonitoring), in which living organisms occurring in their natural environment are analysed, and with active methods (active biomonitoring), in which, for example, plants living in the environment with low pollution are transferred and displayed in more polluted ecosystems e.g. heavy metals. The analysis of trace elements, including heavy metals accumulated in algae, mosses and lichens used in biological monitoring provides a lot of information on, among others concentration and origin of pollutants and the directions of their spread. Biomonitoring is used to assess the level of contamination of selected ecosystems, as well as the impact of individual emitters on the environment. An important element in determining the concentrations of trace elements in biological material used in biomonitoring is the proper planning of the experiment, taking into account, among others: methods of collecting or exposing samples, selection of analytical methods and methods of evaluation and interpretation of results. The aim of the presented long-term research, conducted by the Research Team of the Institute of Biology of the University of Opole, was to show that analytical techniques using biota samples can provide reliable data on the past, present and future state of the environment. However, it should be remembered that in order for the results of biomonitoring studies to be reliable and comparable, the applied research methodologies should be consistent and repeatable. In the presented research, Palmaria palmata and Spirogyra sp. algae, Pleurozium schreberi mosses, Hypogymnia physodes and bark of deciduous trees were used. In samples of biological material by the method of atomic absorption spectrometry, the concentrations of heavy metals, including Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, were determined. On the basis of the conducted research, it was unequivocally stated that the biomonitoring methods are a good complement to the classic methods of environmental quality assessment. The analysis of the elements accumulated in the biological material provides us with information about the quality of the examined ecosystems, the introduced pollutants and their potential sources. This information allows for the introduction of effective measures to improve the quality of the environment.
Źródło:
Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology; 2022, 27, 1-2; 53--78
2084-4506
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What Can We Learn from Monitoring of Monumental Trees – A Case Study of the Jasienica and Jaworze Communes (Silesia, South Poland)
Autorzy:
Pietraszko, Ewa
Żarnowiec, Jan
Szafran, Sylwia
Zalot, Tomasz
Dziergas, Grzegorz
Jarosz, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105276.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
nature monument
monumental tree
biological monitoring
tree health condition
Opis:
The data of monitoring of natural monuments in the Jasienica and Jaworze communes (Silesian Voivodeship) deriving from 1999, 2008 and 2019 were compared between the periods and communes. The conducted studies involved determining metric data (including tree height and diameter at breast height – DBH) and assessing health condition of monumental trees. A total of 65 trees were included in the research from 2019, dominated by Quercus robur (28 specimens) and Tilia cordata (9). The health condition of trees was the result of the damage that occurred. Monumental trees in the Jasienica commune were characterized by average (60%) or poor (40%) health condition. In the Jaworze commune, merely 14% of trees have poor state of health. The remaining trees were in average (38%), satisfactory (26%) and good (22%) health condition.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 6; 129--138
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the Prospects of Application of Sewage Sludge from Lviv Wastewater Treatment Plants for the Purpose of Conducting the Biological Reclamation
Autorzy:
Vankovyсh, Dmytro
Bota, Oleh
Malovanyy, Myroslav
Odusha, Mykola
Tymchuk, Ivan
Sachnyk, Iryna
Shkvirko, Oksana
Garasymchuk, Vasyl
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
sewage sludge
monitoring
agroecological research
heavy metals
silt field
Opis:
The prospects of using the sewage sludge from Lviv wastewater treatment plants for biological reclamation was assessed. On the basis of the results of the monitoring of the qualitative and quantitative composition of sewage sludge accumulated in silt fields, the dependences of the distribution of sanitary-microbiological and ecological-chemical characteristics of the accumulated sludge were investigated. Agroecological laboratory studies on estimating the possibility of using sewage sludge in a mix with natural sorbents as a substrate for cultivation of plants was carried out.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 134-143
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Information Technology of Optimized Agro-biological State Management of Agricultural Lands
Autorzy:
Snytyuk, V.
Brovarets, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411130.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
soil
samples
size
variability
uncertainty
adequacy
operational monitoring
information and technical system
Opis:
Available techniques for dealing with uncertainties in the agro-industrial complex and their use for describing and assessing the adequacy of the decisions taken are incomplete, and often ineffective, as they usually do not take into account the combination of "field-machine-technological material", which prevents acceptance effective solutions for managing agro-biological potential of agricultural land and, as a consequence, obtaining the maximum economic efficiency of agricultural production. Reliable estimation of variables of agricultural production parameters using the "field-machine-technological material" model makes it possible to provide optimal control of available technical equipment (machinery, sowing machines, etc.), agro-biological (humus content, presence of nutrients, micro-and macro elements, etc. in soil or plant ) and technological resources for making adequate decisions and managing agro-biological potential of agricultural lands, which will provide the necessary economic efficiency. The task is achieved by ensuring the proper quality of the implementation of technological operations that are an integral indicator of economic efficiency and allow providing the necessary economic efficiency through optimal and efficient management of technical means for optimal action on the agro-biological potential of the field and the use of available technological resources. Such control is possible with the use of information and technical systems of local operational monitoring, which are located on machine-tractor units and provide effective control of technological operations by acting on the executive bodies of agricultural machines on the basis of data characterizing the agro-biological state of the soil environment. Information and technical systems of local operational monitoring of the agro-biological state of agricultural lands are used in the following cases: - before performing a technological operation, - simultaneously with the implementation of the technological operation (sowing, fertilizer application, etc.), - during the growing season and after harvesting. This opens new prospects for organic farming using such "smart" agricultural machines.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2019, 8, 2; 27-38
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method of calculation of specific electrical conductivity of agro-biological soil environment by stationary contact method of operating electrodes of information and technical system of local operating monitoring
Autorzy:
Brovarets, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410686.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
information and technical system
local operational monitoring
soil
samples
variability
size
research
Opis:
Modern agriculture involves the implementation of a particular technological operation, according to the appropriate map-task, which is developed pre-based on diverse information. Knowledge of a certain structure of soil cover variability, obtained using information and technical systems of local operational monitoring of agro-biological state of agricultural lands, allows us to adopt effective operational decisions for efficient management of agro-biological potential of agricultural lands. Obviously, under such conditions, there is a need for fundamentally new approaches to agricultural production,which is to ensure the proper quality of technological operations. The quality of the implementation of technological operations is an integral indicator of the efficiency of production of agricultural products within the agro-biological field. The necessary quality of implementation of the basic technological processes in plant growing is provided by the integrated information and technical systems of operational monitoring of the agro-biological state of agricultural lands. In connection with this, the task is to obtain reliable data on the agro-biological state of the soil environment by reducing the error in determining the magnitude of the conductive properties of the soil, providing individual stabilization of the working electrodes and the mechanism of lifting / lowering working electrodes, copying inequalities of the soil environment, reducing the intensity of the destruction of the soil structure , self-cleaning of the working contact of the electrode and ensuring the stability of the electrical contact of the electrode with the soil, by instrument design perfection. The task is achieved by using the information and technical system of operational monitoring of the soil environment of the structure to determine the conductive characteristics of the soil environment.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2019, 8, 1; 3-10
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Znaczenie procesu dezynfekcji w zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa mikrobiologicznego wody przeznaczonej do spożycia przez ludzi
Role of disinfection process in ensuring microbiological safety of drinking water
Autorzy:
Dymaczewski, Zbysław
Jeż-Walkowiak, Joanna
Michałkiewicz, Michał
Sozański, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/237203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Zrzeszenie Inżynierów i Techników Sanitarnych
Tematy:
water treatment
disinfection
disinfection by-products
biological water stability
monitoring
uzdatnianie wody
dezynfekcja
produkty uboczne dezynfekcji
biologiczna stabilność wody
Opis:
Przedstawiono genezę powstania i tradycję stosowania procesu dezynfekcji w systemach uzdatniania wody. Zwrócono uwagę na złożoność i trudności metodyczne dezynfekcji, zaznaczając, że jest ona jednocześnie podstawowym celem technologii uzdatniania wody, zapewniającym jej bezpieczną jakość mikrobiologiczną. Zaprezentowano nowe podejście do procesu dezynfekcji, wynikające z rozszerzenia funkcji i celów tego procesu, jako podstawy bezpieczeństwa jakości wody przeznaczonej do spożycia. Wykazano, że dezynfekcja powinna być integralnym elementem całego systemu zaopatrzenia w wodę, obejmującego zarówno technologię uzdatniania, jak i układ dystrybucji wody. Podejście takie wynika z miejsca dezynfekcji w systemie, jako ogniwa pośredniego między układem technologicznym a siecią wodociągową. Koncepcja ta zakłada wykorzystanie dezynfekcji również jako procesu monitorującego i diagnozującego bezpieczeństwo całego systemu uzdatniania i dystrybucji wody. Zwrócono też uwagę na zadania badawcze towarzyszące projektowaniu i eksploatacji procesu dezynfekcji, w połączeniu z wiarygodną oceną biologicznej stabilności wody w sieci wodociągowej. Przeanalizowano kryteria metodyczne procesu dezynfekcji, wpływające na wybór chemicznych utleniaczy, ich dawek, czasu kontaktu, miejsc dawkowania, a także identyfikację i ograniczanie powstawania produktów ubocznych.
The paper discusses the origins and tradition of disinfection process application in water treatment systems paying special attention to its complexity and methodological problems. Disinfection was presented as the main objective of water treatment technology that guarantees safe microbiological water quality. A new approach to the process of disinfection was proposed as a result of the expansion of its functions and objectives as a foundation for drinking water quality safety. It was demonstrated that disinfection should become an integral part of the whole water supply system, comprising both water treatment technology and distribution system. Such an approach results from the position of disinfection process in the system, as an indirect link between the technological system and distribution network. The concept also assumes use of disinfection to monitor and diagnose safety of the water supply system as a whole. Attention was also paid to the research tasks accompanying design and operation of the disinfection process in combination with a reliable evaluation of biological water stability in water networks. The article presents the analysis of methodological criteria of the disinfection process affecting chemical oxidant and dose selection, contact time, dosing site location as well as by-product identifi cation and reduction in their formation.
Źródło:
Ochrona Środowiska; 2019, 41, 1; 3-9
1230-6169
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Medico-social effectiveness of biological monitoring of iodine deficiency status (IDS) among women of reproductive age in Kazakhstan
Autorzy:
Beisbekova, A.
Raushanova, A.
Juszkiewicz, K.
Kainarbayeva, M.
Chuyenbekova, A.
Khassenova, G.
Kozhakhmetova, A.
Kenessary, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
iodine
iodine deficiency diseases
women of reproductive age
Opis:
Introduction. Iodine deficiency is one of the most important public health problems in the world. It mostly affects pregnant women and children. The lack of iodine leads to an increase in the numbers of perinatal mortality and mental retardation. Materials and method. In 2012–2014, a survey was carried out of 2,342 women, of whom 2284 were analyzed for salt to measure the content of iodine, and 2,242 women of reproductive age had their urine samples analyzed by the ceriumarsenite method based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. Determination of the medical and social effectiveness of biological monitoring of IDS was carried out in 3 stages. Results. The study revealed that in the eastern Kazakhstan region the relative risk (RR) of overall prevalence of iodine deficiency among women was 1.1 times higher (95% ID: 0.35–3.61; Z statistic = 0.192) among household respondents (≤15mkg/kg). In the Pavlodar region, the RR of the prevalence of total iodine deficiency is 0.5 times higher in households where the salt was not sufficiently iodized. In the Zhambyl region the RR of the iodine deficiency prevalence was about twice as high due to insufficient iodized salt. Conclusions. The introduction of biological monitoring of IDS among women, especially pregnant women, may positively affect the detection of the risk limits for the birth of infants with reduced mental abilities or other diseases during pregnancy, using timely targeted preventive measures to exclude factors that affect the spread of IDS.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 1; 73-77
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biological protection of vegetable crops as an element of agrophytocenoses ecologization
Biologiczna ochrona upraw warzywnych jako element ekologizacji agrocenoz
Autorzy:
Vaga, I. I.
Popov, F. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/336744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
food products
biopesticides
biostimulator
disease resistance
phytosanitary monitoring
agrocenosis optimization
agriculture ecologization
artykuły spożywcze
biopestycydy
biostymulator
odporność na choroby
kontrola fitosanitarna
optymalizacja agrocenozy
ekologizacja rolnictwa
Opis:
In the publication the role of products for biological plant protection against noxious organisms is shown in structure formation and vegetable crops agrophytocenoses stabilization, their quantitative and qualitative composition. It is pointed out that application of biological pesticides with different mechanism of action exerts a positive effect on plant growth and development, facilitates the phytosanitary situation improvement in vegetable crops and decreases the negative influence on the environment.
Przedstawiono rolę środków do biologicznej ochrony roślin przed szkodnikami w strukturze formowania i stabilizacji agrofitocenoz upraw warzywnych, ich skład ilościowy i jakościowy. Zauważono, że biologiczne pestycydy o różnej zasadzie działania zaprawy użytkowej mają pozytywny wpływ na wzrost i rozwój rośliny, ułatwiają poprawę sytuacji fitosanitarnej w uprawach warzywnych i zmniejszają negatywny wpływ na środowisko.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2017, 62, 4; 191-192
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bioterroryzm zagrożenie wciąż realne
Autorzy:
Ziuzia-Lipiec, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/121112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Wiedzy Obronnej
Tematy:
bioterroryzm
czynniki biologiczne
zagrożenie
monitorowanie zagrożenia
bioterrorism
biological factors
threat
monitoring of threat
Opis:
Zjawisko bioterroryzmu jest tak stare jak stary jest świat. Czynniki biologiczne już od najdawniejszych czasów wykorzystywano do walki z wrogiem. Współczesny świat nie jest wolny od tego typu zagrożenia. Z całą pewnością można stwierdzić, że ten rodzaj terroryzmu jest najokrutniejszą bronią skierowaną przeciwko ludziom.
The bioterrorism phenomenon is as old as the old is world. Biological factors have been used to combat the enemy since ancient times. The modern world is not free from this type of threat. It can certainly be said that this type of terrorism is the cruellest weapon against the humanity.
Źródło:
Wiedza Obronna; 2017, 3-4; 113-120
0209-0031
2658-0829
Pojawia się w:
Wiedza Obronna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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