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Tytuł:
Safety of aviation fuel transport and distribution under field conditions
Autorzy:
Wojdat, Czesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1537506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
safety
aviation
transport
distribution
fuels
bezpieczeństwo
lotnictwo
dystrybucja
paliwa
Opis:
The problem of delivering aviation fuel to military aircraft in the field includes not only ensuring the appropriate fuel quality, but also the safety of its transport. Delivering the appropriate amount of fuel to a specific place, irrespective of the terrain conditions, brings many difficulties. They are related to the availability of the appropriate transport equipment that would enable the safe delivery of high-quality aviation fuel to aircraft, regardless of the condition of access roads to airports and airfields. The article analyzes mobility capabilities of the available transport equipment, as well as its suitability and functionality under field conditions.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych; 2020, 4; 1-13
2450-1859
2450-8721
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa Obiektów Antropogenicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the impact of oil presence in the aviation fuel on particle size distribution
Autorzy:
Jasiński, R.
Pielecha, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/198385.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
aviation engine
particles
fuel additives
silnik lotniczy
cząstki
dodatki do paliw
Opis:
Emissions from aircraft engines represent a highly complex and important issue, which is related to the risk to human health. Particles emitted in urban areas and in the vicinity of airports affect air quality and have a particularly negative impact on airport workers. The development of measurement techniques and the methodology for evaluating exhaust emissions have allowed for the elaboration of appropriate procedures for the certification of aircraft and the enhancement of existing standards. Particulate matter emissions depend, among other things, on the composition of the fuel used and its additives. Some aircraft engine designs require a fuel additive in the form of oil, which ensures the proper operation of the fuel supply system. This article presents the results of studies conducted on jet engines powered by clean aviation fuel and fuel with the addition of oil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of oil on the size distribution and concentration of emitted particles. It was found that, for small values of thrust, oil additive increases the concentration of particles. With an increase in the thrust force, the reduction of particles concentration was recorded in the case of the engine powered by fuel with oil additive. There was no significant effect of oil additive on the size distribution of emitted particles.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2017, 94; 57-64
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of aviation fuel JP-8 and diesel fuel blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions
Autorzy:
Labeckas, G.
Slavinskas, S.
Vilutienė, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
diesel engine
jet fuel
diesel fuel
autoignition
combustion
performance
exhaust emissions
Opis:
The article presents bench test results of a four-stroke, four-cylinder, naturally aspirated, DI diesel engine operating with neat JP-8 fuel (J) and its blends with Diesel fuel (D) in following proportions by volume: 90/10 (J+10D), 70/30 (J+D30), 50/ 50 (J+D50), 30/70 (J+D70), and 100% diesel fuel (DF). The purpose of the research was to analyse and compare changes occurred in the autoignition delay, combustion events, engine performance efficiency, emissions, and smoke of the exhaust when running on JP-8 fuel, jet-diesel fuel blends, and diesel fuel at a full (100%) engine load and speed of 1400 min–1 at which maximum torque occurs and rated speed of 2200 min–1. It was found that the start of injection (SOI) and the start of combustion (SOC) occurred earlier in an engine cycle and the autoignition delay decreased by 9.0% and 12.7% due to replacement of aviation JP-8 fuel with diesel fuel at a full load and the latter speeds. Maximum in-cylinder pressure was 6.8% and 4.0% higher when operating with diesel fuel, whereas brake thermal efficiency was 3.3% and 7.7% higher, and brake specific fuel consumption 2.8% and 7.0% lower when using fuel blend J+D50 compared with the respective values measured with neat JP-8 fuel. Emissions of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were 13.3% and 13.1% higher from a straight diesel running at speed of 1400 min–1, and 19.0% and 19.5% higher at a higher speed of 2200 min–1. The carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and total unburned hydrocarbons (HC) decreased 2.1 times and by 12.3% when running with fuel blend J+D70 at speed of 2200 min–1 compared with those values measured with jet fuel. Smoke of the exhaust was 53.1% and 1.9% higher when using fuel blend J+D10 than that of 46.9% and 70.0% measured with jet fuel at speeds of 1400 and 2200 min–1. The engine produced 34.5% more smoke from combustion of fuel blend J+D70 at the low speed of 1400 min–1, but smoke converted to be 11.3% lower when operating at a higher speed of 2200 min–1.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 129-138
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of hazards occurring during the use of hydrazine
Autorzy:
Janeba-Bartoszewicz, E.
Rojewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
aviation fuel
hydrazine
airport rescue group
Opis:
The article presents the safety issue bonded to the Polish Air Force F-16 multirole aircraft. The authors pointed out the issue of fuel used for emergency supply system of these aircrafts. The article emphasized the fact that these aircrafts require special fuel with designation H-70, which is 70% aqueous solution of toxic hydrazine. For this reason, the rescue services of Polish Air Force bases where Polish F-16 are stationed had to be adjusted accordingly. Just as importantly, authors noticed that in the event of an emergency landing of this aircraft at different airports could receive difficulties associated with the possible leakage of hydrazine, or its neutralization in the absence of specialized Hydrazine Response Team, which are part of the Airport Rescue Group. After the introduction of new aircraft for use in the Polish Air Force (in this case F-16 multirole aircraft), it is necessary to analyse the safety of their use in the context of potential places on which they can land. This is related, among others, to the safety of managing liquid fuels. In the case of F-16 aircraft, one must bear in mind besides the F-34 fuel, also hydrazine (H- 70). The article presents a functional diagram of EPU system of emergency power supply EPS of F-16 multirole aircraft.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 4; 149-154
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The development of the aviation fuel market in Poland and changes in civil passenger traffic
Rozwój rynku paliw lotniczych w Polsce a zmiany w cywilnym ruchu pasażerskim
Autorzy:
Muweis, Justyna
Łamasz, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/283661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
aviation fuel market
aviation fuel price
air passenger transport
rynek paliw lotniczych
cena paliw lotniczych
cywilny transport pasażerski
Opis:
The development of air transport affects elements of the aviation fuel market. In recent years an increase in both the number of passengers and the number of passenger operations has been observed. This phenomenon also concerns passengers and the number of operations served by Polish airports which translates into more and more fuel consumption in Poland. The authors of the study tried to approximate the characteristics of aviation fuels used in various types of aircrafts. The most important of them, from the perspective of the Polish aviation sector, include Jet. This type of fuel plays a key role in civil aviation. In the article, the enterprises operating in the analyzed sector were also reviewed. The empirical part of the article is devoted, in turn, to the analysis of changes in air passenger transport in Poland and changes in Jet fuel prices on the Polish fuel markets. The conducted research shows that the dynamics of changes in the number of passengers, as well as the number of passenger operations at Polish airports were characterized by an upward trend, and the increase in the number of passengers was driven not only by a larger number of available flights, but also by such factors as: increasing the capacity of aircraft and increasing the fill rate for seats. The authors have also attempted to examine the strength of dependence between the number of passengers deciding to use Polish airports and Jet fuel prices, which in recent years have undergone significant fluctuations. For this purpose, the value of Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient was used and the analyzed period covered the years 2011–2017. The data on passenger traffic used in the study came mainly from periodic reports prepared by the Civil Aviation Office (ULC).
Rozwój transportu lotniczego oddziałuje na poszczególne elementy rynku paliw lotniczych. W ostatnich latach obserwuje się wzrost zarówno liczby pasażerów, jak i liczby operacji pasażerskich. Zjawisko to dotyczy także pasażerów i liczby operacji obsługiwanych przez polskie porty lotnicze, co przekłada się na coraz większe zużycie paliw w Polsce. Autorzy opracowania podjęli próbę przybliżenia charakterystyki paliw lotniczych wykorzystywanych w różnego rodzaju statkach powietrznych. Do najważniejszych z nich, z perspektywy polskiego sektora lotniczego, należy zaliczyć przede wszystkim paliwo Jet. Wspomniane paliwo odgrywa kluczową rolę w lotnictwie cywilnym. W artykule dokonano ponadto przeglądu podmiotów działających w badanym sektorze. Część empiryczną pracy poświęcono z kolei analizie zmian w lotniczym transporcie pasażerskim w Polsce oraz zmianom cen paliwa typu Jet na polskim rynku paliw. Z przeprowadzonych badan wynika, że dynamika zmian liczby pasażerów, a także liczby operacji pasażerskich na polskich lotniskach charakteryzowały się wzrostowym trendem, a sam przyrost liczby pasażerów napędzany był nie tylko przez większą liczbę dostępnych lotów, ale także takimi czynnikami, jak: zwiększenie pojemności samolotów i wzrost współczynnika wypełnienia miejsc. Autorzy podjęli również próbę zbadania siły zależności pomiędzy liczbą pasażerów decydujących się skorzystać z polskich portów lotniczych a cenami paliwa Jet, które w ostatnich latach ulegały dość znacznym wahaniom. W tym celu wykorzystano wartość współczynnika korelacji liniowej Pearsona, a analizowany okres objął lata 2011–2017. Wykorzystane w opracowaniu dane dotyczące ruchu pasażerskiego, pochodziły przede wszystkim z okresowych raportów, przygotowywanych przez Urząd Lotnictwa Cywilnego (ULC).
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2019, 22, 1; 153-168
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Results of using sustainable aviation fuel in transport aircraft on different flight levels and their influence on carbon-dioxide Co2 emissions
Autorzy:
Lazic, Dragan
Grujic, Vladimir
Cvetkovic, Dragan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
sustainable aviation fuel
flight level
carbon dioxide
turboprop aircraft
zrównoważone paliwo lotnicze
wysokość lotu
dwutlenek węgla
samolot turbośmigłowy
Opis:
During the recent 40 years, the quantity of energy sources globally has been reduced, and the consequence of this situation that the oil in the world becomes more expensive. Many manufacturers have been forced to initiate the development of completely new concepts of developing commercial aircraft which would be more rational regarding fuel consumption by completely retaining the best quality of passenger services. A continuous uptrend of the propellant cost globally since 1990s has forced not only smaller companies but also the most powerful enterprises in aviation industry, such as the “General Electric”, to return to the research and development programs of Turbo Prop engines. In the case of the aircraft DHC Dash 8 Q 400, the engineering preparation of the flight for calculating the changes of travel propellant while the switch of the flight altitude was being done. By analyzing nine various levels of flight, the conclusion has been indisputably reached that regardless of the vast altitudes of a flight and the horizontal distance covered during climb and descent, the fuel consumption is significantly lower than while flying at much lower altitudes with much lower horizontal distance in climb and descent. All the indicators that have been reached undeniably confirm the fact that a flight at great altitudes enables lower consumption of fuel and less necessary time of the flights. By such analysis and setting sustainable aircraft fuels into equations, numerous improvements in the world of aviation, which directly influence the quality of life on the global level, are achieved. Likewise, it will indicate the possibility of substitution of classical hydrocarbon (fossil) fuels with biofuels which, while burning, release much lower emission of exhaust gases.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2023, 119; 105--123
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania numeryczne spalania paliwa lotniczego w silniku turbinowym GTM-140
Numerical investigations of aviation fuel combustion in the turbine engine GTM-140
Autorzy:
Suchocki, T.
Lampart, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/404320.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Symulacji Komputerowej
Tematy:
GTM-140
silnik turbinowy
CFD
model fazy dyskretnej (DPM)
spalanie
turbine engine
Discrete Phase Model
combustion
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia trójwymiarowe obliczenia numeryczne spalania w miniaturowym silniku turbinowym GTM-140. Głównym celem pracy jest zrozumienie procesów zachodzących w zastosowanej komorze spalania. Została przeprowadzona analiza strat przepływu w silniku turbinowym. Przedstawiono wyniki w postaci pól temperatury, ciśnienia oraz prędkości z uwzględnieniem przepływu cold flow oraz przepływu reakcyjnego. Został użyty model turbulencji k-s (RANS), jako model spalania posłużył Non-Premixed Equilibrium Model oraz Dicrete Phase Model jako model z odparowaniem kropel paliwa.
This article presents three-dimensional numerical calculations of combustion in the GTM-140 miniature turbine engine. The main aim of this work is to understand the processes occurring in the combustion chamber. Flow losses analysis in the turbine engine was conducted. The paper shows the results as the fields of temperature, pressure and velocity including the "coldflow" and the flow with reaction. The k-s (RANS) Turbulence Model and Non-Premixed Equilibrium Model for combustion was used. The particles of fluid droplets were described by the Discrete Phase Model.
Źródło:
Symulacja w Badaniach i Rozwoju; 2014, 5, 3; 199-208
2081-6154
Pojawia się w:
Symulacja w Badaniach i Rozwoju
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Usage of Plant Test Systems for the Determination of Phytotoxicity of Contaminated with Petroleum Products Soil
Autorzy:
Cherniak, Larysa
Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr
Madzhd, Svitlana
Lapan, Oksana
Dmytrukha, Tetyana
Korniienko, Iryna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838276.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
phytotoxicity
biotesting
soil
oil product
pollution
aviation fuel
Opis:
The level of phytotoxicity of the soil samples artificially contaminated with the aviation kerosene was determined in the work. The dependences of the growth characteristics of the plant test system (flax) on the excess of the approximate permissible concentrations (APC) of the oil product concentration in the soil were identified. The change in the mass of raw material depending on the level of aviation kerosene contamination of soil samples was determined. A decrease in the plant growth activity with an increase in the content of aviation fuel in the soil was established. It was found that there is a hormesis effect at certain concentrations of aviation kerosene in the soil. The comparison of the concentration dependences of the action of petroleum products on the growth rates of seedlings and their dependence on the distance to the source of pollution allowed in the latter case to conduct a kind of “dosimetry” on exposure concentrations when the petroleum product concentration was not determined.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 6; 66-71
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Usage of Plant Test Systems for the Determination of Phytotoxicity of Contaminated with Petroleum Products Soil
Autorzy:
Cherniak, Larysa
Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr
Madzhd, Svitlana
Lapan, Oksana
Dmytrukha, Tetyana
Korniienko, Iryna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838382.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
phytotoxicity
biotesting
soil
oil product
pollution
aviation fuel
Opis:
The level of phytotoxicity of the soil samples artificially contaminated with the aviation kerosene was determined in the work. The dependences of the growth characteristics of the plant test system (flax) on the excess of the approximate permissible concentrations (APC) of the oil product concentration in the soil were identified. The change in the mass of raw material depending on the level of aviation kerosene contamination of soil samples was determined. A decrease in the plant growth activity with an increase in the content of aviation fuel in the soil was established. It was found that there is a hormesis effect at certain concentrations of aviation kerosene in the soil. The comparison of the concentration dependences of the action of petroleum products on the growth rates of seedlings and their dependence on the distance to the source of pollution allowed in the latter case to conduct a kind of “dosimetry” on exposure concentrations when the petroleum product concentration was not determined.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 6; 66-71
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Security of military aviation flight operations concerning the quality of fuel supplied to aircraft
Autorzy:
Wojdat, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/198540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
aviation
aviation fuel
fuel quality
lotnictwo
paliwo lotnicze
jakość paliwa
Opis:
The specificity of military flights operations imposes a number of requirements on aircraft. One of the main factors concerning the realization of the air task is the reliability of the engine. The most common cause of aircraft engine malfunctioning is the quality of the fuel supplied. This paper presents the factors affecting the quality of fuel supplied to aircraft and the procedures preventing the delivery of aircraft fuel, which could interfere with the operation of the aircraft engine.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2017, 94; 239-247
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ parametrów konstrukcyjnych rozpylaczy na właściwości użyteczne silnika zasilanego paliwem lotniczym
Effect of design parameters of injector on performance of engine feeds with fuel JET A1
Autorzy:
Rajewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich
Tematy:
parametry konstrukcyjne rozpylacza
paliwo lotnicze
injectors parameters
aviation fuel
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu parametrów konstrukcyjnych rozpylacza (średnicy otworków i kąta rozstawienia strug paliwa) na uzyskiwane parametry pracy w silniku zasilanym paliwem lotniczym Jet A1. Stwierdzono, że możliwa jest poprawa parametrów użytecznych silnika zasilanego paliwem lotniczym poprzez dobór parametrów konstrukcyjnych rozpylacza. Badania wykazały, że optymalne parametry pracy silnika uzyskano dla rozpylacza o średnicy otworków 0,34 mm i kącie rozstawienia strug paliwa 150°.
Results of research on effect of injectors parameter (bore and angle between fuel streams) on injection and combustion in engine feeds with fuel Jet A1 was presented. It was found, that isn’t important differences between parameters of injection and combustion in engine feeds with fuel Jet A1. The optimal parameters for fuel Jet A1 are: bore 0,34 mm, angle between fuel streams 150°.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej; 2013, R. 54 nr 2 (193), 2 (193); 81-90
0860-889X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of the impact of a Jet A 1 aviation turbine fuel admixture on selected biodiesel properties and on its ageing process
Badania wpływu domieszki paliwa lotniczego Jet A-1 na wybrane właściwości bodiesla i proces jego starzenia
Autorzy:
Baczewski, K.
Szczawiński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1363483.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
biodiesel
aviation fuel
ageing
acid number
oxidation stability
paliwo lotnicze
starzenie
liczba kwasowa
odporność na utlenianie
Opis:
Results of investigation the impact of an admixture of the Jet A‑1 aviation turbine fuel on the density, kinematic viscosity, acid number, and oxidation stability of rapeseed methyl esters (RME) have been presented. A growth in the Jet A‑1 content of the biodiesel blend has been found to cause a reduction in the density, acid number, and kinematic viscosity of the blend and to raise its oxidation stability. These relations have been presented in the form of regression equations as functions of the Jet A‑1 content in the blend, for this content varying from 0 % to 50 % by volume. Moreover, the impact of the access of air, sunlight, heat, and water on the characteristics of pure fuels and their blends was examined and the test results have been shown. It has been found that the adding of an admixture of the Jet A‑1 aviation fuel reduces the intensity of RME ageing and that it may be one of the methods to improve the functional RME characteristics, including the oxidation stability of this fuel.
Przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu domieszki paliwa lotniczego Jet A-1 na gęstość, lepkość kinematyczną, liczbę kwasową i odporność na utlenianie estrów metylowych oleju rzepakowego (RME). Stwierdzono, że wraz ze wzrostem zawartości Jet A-1 w mieszaninie następuje zmniejszenie jej gęstości, liczby kwasowej, lepkości kinematycznej oraz wzrost jej odporności na utlenianie. Zależności te opisano równaniami regresji w funkcji zawartości paliwa Jet A-1 do 50% obj. w mieszaninie z biodieslem. Ponadto podano wyniki badań wpływu dostępu powietrza, światła słonecznego, ciepła i wody na charakterystyki czystych paliw i ich mieszanin. Stwierdzono, że domieszka paliwa lotniczego Jet A-1 zmniejsza intensywność starzenia RME, a dodatek tego paliwa może być jedną z metod poprawienia charakterystyk funkcjonalnych RME, w tym jego odporności na utlenianie.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2017, 78, 4; 117-128
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation properties of rapeseed oil methyl esters/aviation turbine fuel Jet A-1 blends
Autorzy:
Baczewski, K.
Szczawiński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
biodiesel
rapeseed oil methylester (RME)
aviation fuels
kinematic viscosity
low-temperature properties
Opis:
The properties of rapeseed methyl ester (RME) and commercial biodiesel (B100) blends with aviation turbine fuel Jet A-1 were investigated. The RME (without improving additives) and B100 (with improving additives – including antioxidants and depressants) were blend with Jet A-1 fuel, to made six mixtures containing: 10 per cent, 20 per cent , 30 per cent, 40 per cent, 50 per cent and 60 per cent Jet A-1 by volume. Their blends were stable. Jet A-1 fuel and RME (B100) blends properties are indirect between Jet A-1 and RME properties. The density, kinematic viscosity at 40 centigrade, cloud point (CP), cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and pour point (PP) RME, B100, Jet A-1 and their blends were measured. Adding the Jet A-1 fuel to the RME and B100 can be the method to improve its low temperature properties. The empirical equations for calculation the density, kinematic viscosity at 40 centigrade, cloud point, cold filter plugging point and pour point RME (B100) blends with Jet A-1 fuel as a function of composition for predicting the properties of RME (B100) blends with aviation turbine fuel Jet A-1 give values in good agreement with experiments. There is good agreement between experimental viscosity data of blends with viscosity calculated with mixture equation by Arrhenius.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 15-22
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The future of sustainable aviation fuels
Autorzy:
Marszałek, Natalia
Lis, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
sustainable aviation fuel
kerosene
emissions
carbon dioxide
renewable feedstock
zrównoważone paliwo lotnicze
nafta oczyszczona
emisje
dwutlenek węgla
surowce odnawialne
Opis:
Presented work has an overview character and is focused on perspectives of sustainable aviation fuels application in civil aviation sector. The mean role of SAF application is to ensure reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and aviation footprint on environment. Paper describe the combustion proces of hydrocarbon fuels and problem related to the emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Fuel consumption, CO2 emission and SAF production data was presented on the graphs. The sustainalbe aviation fuel has been characterized. Certified conversion technologies with potential feedstock used for SAF production was described. Literature studies indicate that sustainable aviation fuel is successfully used in air transport.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 4; 29--40
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emission of volatile organic compounds during combustion process in a miniature turbojet engine
Autorzy:
Janicka, A. B.
Zawiślak, M.
Gawron, B.
Górniak, A.
Białecki, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
turbojet engine
alternative fuels
organic compounds
aviation fuel
volatile organic compounds
silnik turboodrzutowy
paliwa alternatywne
związki organiczne
paliwo lotnicze
lotne związki organiczne
Opis:
Aviation is one of the fastest growing modes of transport. Due to the growing number of flights, the consumption of aviation fuels (mainly jet fuels) keeps increasing. The combustion process in the aircraft engine results in harmful exhaust emissions having an adverse impact on the environment. Alternative fuels based on bio-components and biofuels are a way of reducing the harmful exhaust emissions. Analyses and measurements performed on real aircraft engines are complex and expensive. For this reason, increasingly more research and development projects have been carried out on small-scale engines. This paper presents investigations into volatile organic compound emissions from jet fuel combustion in a miniature turbojet engine. Based on chromatography tests, the compositions of exhaust gases produced by the jet engine fed with various fuels were determined, which in turn led to evaluation of its toxicity and harmfulness. Conventional fossil-based fuel Jet A-1 and a blend of Jet A-1 with 25 vol. % of biobutanol were tested at the same fuel flow rates. The engine working parameters such as, e.g., thrust or emission index have been determined with respect to the type of fuel. The test results have been compared and analyzed.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 4; 57-67
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Butanol/biobutanol as a component of an aviation and diesel fuel
Autorzy:
Dzięgielewski, W.
Gawron, W.
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
aviation
diesel fuels
biocomponents
CO2 emission
Opis:
This paper describes the analysis and conclusions regarding the use of butanol/biobutanol as a component of conventional mineral fuels employed in different areas of transportation. Butanol from biomass - biobutanol is interesting as biocomponent of gasoline, diesel fuel as well as aviation fuels. This is especially important in case of air transport, which is the carbon dioxide emission source of the fastest growth. Biobutanol is tested as biocomponent of gasoline, including aviation ones, but there are no information about biobutanol added to mineral Jet fuel as well as diesel fuel. Direction of research conducted by leading aviation companies indicates that hydrocarbon biocomponent will be main biofuel used as aviation turbine fuel. One of reported technology is focused on use of butane-1-ol as semi-finished products for isoparaffinic hydrocarbons generation that then would be used for aviation turbine fuels production. In order to do such analysis the preliminary lab testing of blends of butanol isomers with aviation fuel Jet A-1 and diesel fuel were performed. The paper contains the results of standard tests for blends of mineral fuels with butane-1-ol and butane-2-ol added in concentration of 0-20 %(V/V). Both the advantages and disadvantages regarding the use of such component of mineral fuels are presented. Butanol decreases value of flash point and significantly influence on conductivity of Jet fuel. In case of aviation fuel for turbine engines, and diesel fuel, the restrictions regarding direct use of butanol are important. However, butanol can be treated as semi-finished material for synthesizing of biohydrocarbons used in above applications.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 69-75
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania właściwości reologicznych mieszanin estrów metylowych oleju rzepakowego z paliwem lotniczym Jet A-1
Investigations of rheological properties of rapeseed oil methyl esters and aviation turbine fuel Jet A-1 blends
Autorzy:
Baczewski, K.
Seroka, M.
Szczawiński, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/270561.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Ośrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowy Aparatury Badawczej i Dydaktycznej, COBRABiD
Tematy:
biopaliwa
estry metylowe oleju rzepakowego
reologia biopaliw
biofuels
rapeseed oil methyl esters
rheological properties of biofuels
Opis:
Przedstawiono wyniki badań lepkości kinematycznej, temperatury mętnienia, temperatury zablokowania zimnego filtru, lepkości dynamicznej i naprężeń ścinających w funkcji składu mieszanin estrów metylowych oleju rzepakowego (RME) i paliwa lotniczego Jet A-1. Wykazano, że domieszka paliwa Jet A-1 w ilości do 20% objętości istotnie poprawia właściwości reologiczne RME. Podane równania empiryczne mogą służyć do prognozowania właściwości reologicznych mieszanin o różnej zawartości Jet A-1 i RME.
The results of investigations of kinematic viscosity, cloud point, cold filter plugging point, dynamic viscosity and shear stress as function of blends composition of rapeseed oil methyl esters (RME) and aviation turbine fuel Jet A-1. It was showed that blending aviation fuel Jet A-1 at rate up to 20% volume significantly improves the rheological properties of RME. The obtained empirical equations can be used to predict the rheological properties of the blends RME and Jet A-1 at any composition.
Źródło:
Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna; 2013, 18, 4; 285-290
2392-1765
Pojawia się w:
Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A method of assessing the tendency of aviation fuels to generate thermal degradation products under the influence of high temperatures
Autorzy:
Sarnecki, J.
Gawron, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246718.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
jet fuel
turbine engine
thermal stability
test rig
non-standard method
Opis:
The subject of the article concerns the issues associated with thermal degradation of aviation fuels under high temperature conditions. Due to the intensive development towards increasingly higher thermal loads for both, turbine aviation engines, as well as the used fuels, the issue of thermal stability of the fuel itself is extremely important. In aviation, the fuel, apart from direct participation in energy generation during the combustion process of a fuel-air mixture, also takes part in the heat transfer in many aircraft systems. As a result, requirements in terms of the fuel’s thermal potential are increasingly higher. The standard method for determining the thermal stability of fuel executed on a JFTOT device proves to be insufficient in the context of the appearing issues in current operation. The article presents a non-standard approach to the assessment of aviation fuel thermal degradation with the use of a specialist test rig. The authors believe that the presented methodology and the measurement capabilities of the test rig are valuable supplementary material for the standardized thermal stability test. It allows more thoroughly understanding the phenomena undergoing in the fuel impacted by high temperatures. The article has been prepared within the research project no. 2011/01/D/ST8/06567 funded by the National Science Centre in Poland.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 377-384
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heavy fuel engines
Silniki ZI zasilane paliwem lotniczym
Autorzy:
Dutczak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
drones
unmanned aerial vehicle
UAV
aviation kerosene
SI engine
Jet A
JP-5
JP-8
heavy fuel engines
HFE
drony
nafta lotnicza
silnik ZI
Opis:
The principle of operation and chosen examples of construction of SI engines designed to be powered with aviation fuel (Heavy Fuel Engines – HFE) have been presented in the article. Contemporary solutions of the HFE combustion system constitute the further development of a patent of an Australian company Orbital working in the field of two-stroke SI engines. Engines of this type, characterized by low weight and low value of specific fuel consumption, are used among others for the propulsion of drones (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – UAV), where range and endurance are essential parameters. That is also a practical realization of the military logistical concept of using a "single fuel in the battlefield".
W artykule przedstawiono zasadę działania silników z zapłonem iskrowym i wybrane przykłady konstrukcji tych silników przewidzianych do zasilania paliwem lotniczym na bazie nafty, tzw. HFE (Heavy Fuel Engines). Współczesne rozwiązania systemu spalania HFE stanowią rozwinięcie patentu znanej australijskiej firmy Orbital zajmującej się silnikami dwusuwowymi ZI. Silniki tego typu, charakteryzujące się małą masą i małą wartością jednostkowego zużycia paliwa, stosowane są między innymi do napędu współczesnych dronów, gdzie istotnymi parametrami są zasięg i długotrwałość lotu. System ten wykorzystywany jest również do realizacji wojskowej logistycznej koncepcji stosowania jednego typu paliwa do wszystkich pojazdów.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 4; 34-46
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza właściwości paliw stosowanych współcześnie w silnikach statków powietrznych
Analysis of fuel properties applied at a structure of aircraft
Autorzy:
Janeba-Bartoszewicz, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
ciekłe paliwa lotnicze
paliwa alternatywne w lotnctwie
hydrazyna
liquid aviation fuels
alternative fuels in aerodrome
hydrazine
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono aktualny stan paliw ciekłych wykorzystywanych w lotnictwie. Omówiono właściwości fizykochemiczne tych cieczy na tle warunków wynikających z rodzaju lotnictwa i realizowanych misji. Paliwa lotnicze to mieszaniny węglowodorów otrzymywane najczęściej z zachowawczej lub przetwórczej przeróbki ropy naftowej, uzupełniane dodatkami poprawiającymi ich właściwości eksploatacyjne. Aktualnie paliwa lotnicze występują w dwóch podstawowych typach: paliwa do silników turboodrzutowych i paliwa do silników tłokowych. Podstawowym paliwem dla komercyjnego transportu lotniczego i lotnictwa wojskowego jest paliwo do silników turbo-śmigłowych. Rzadziej jako paliwa lotnicze stosowane są związki syntetyczne, oraz różnego rodzaju paliwa alternatywne. Specyficzną rolę odgrywa hydrazyna stosowana w systemie awaryjnego zasilania statków powietrznych używana np. w wielozadaniowych samolotach myśliwskich F-16.
The article presents the current status of liquid fuels used in aviation. The physicochemical properties of these liquids are discussed against the background of the type of aviation and mission. Aviation fuels are mixtures of hydrocarbons most often obtained from conservative or processing crude oil, supplemented with additives improving their exploitation properties. Currently, aviation fuels occur in two basic types: fuels for turbojet engines and fuels for piston engines. The basic fuel for commercial air transport and military aviation is fuel for turbo-propeller engines. Synthetic compounds and various types of alternative fuels are used more rarely as aviation fuels. A specific role is played by hydrazine used in the emergency power supply system of aircraft, for example, in multipurpose fighter planes F-16.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2019, 20, 1-2; 251-254
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method of preliminary evaluation of biocomponents influence on the process of biofuels combustion in aviation turbine engines
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, U.
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247673.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
fuel
aviation turbine engines
biofuel
synthetic hydrocarbons
engine test
Opis:
The aim of this article is presentation of the new method of preliminary evaluation of biocomponents influence on the process of biofuels combustion in aviation turbine engines. This method is based on the tests of evaluated biofuels on engine stand MiniJetRig equipped with small turbine engine. The idea of this new method is to compare the combustion process of evaluated biofuel with the combustion of reference fuels. The reference fuel used in presented research was mineral Jet A1. Two compositions of pure hydrocarbons were blended with Jet A1 fuel and tested using MiniJetRig. The main criterion of combustion process assessment was CO concentration in exhaust gases. As the final criterion of evaluated biofuel the ΔCO = [COWx – COJet] was adopted, where COWx – the concentration of CO in exhaust gases emitted during combustion of evaluated fuel and COJet – the concentration of CO in exhaust gases emitted during combustion of Jet A1 fuel. This method was preliminary verified using HEFA biofuel previously accepted for aviation application. The obtained results qualify this biofuel as similar to Jet A1 ones – the DCO was within limits –30 – +20. The presented method needs further research, using much more evaluated fuels, to confirm their usefulness for laboratory pre-selection of new biofuels.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 83-90
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of synthetic fuel on nitrile rubbers used in aviation
Autorzy:
Białecki, Tomasz
Gawron, Bartosz
Giemza, Bolesław
Głąb, Jadwiga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841199.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
nitrile rubber
synthetic fuel
HEFA
seal swelling
kauczuk nitrylowy
paliwo syntetyczne
pęcznienie uszczelek
Opis:
This paper investigates the influence of alternative fuel on selected butadiene–acrylonitrile rubbers used as seals in engine and fuel supply systems of post-Soviet aircrafts. The conventional fuel Jet A-1, the synthetic blending component from hydrotreated esters and fatty acids (HEFA) and its blend were interacted with the sample nitrile rubbers. HEFA technology has been approved by ASTM D7655 for use in turbine aircraft engines. The effect was evaluated on the basis of changes in the nitrile rubbers volume, mass and hardness. It has been confirmed that the synthetic component containing no aromatic hydrocarbons has a different effect on nitrile rubber than the conventional fuel. When the nitrile rubbers were subjected to microscopic observations, the most frequently observed effect was washing out or dissolving of nitrile rubber surface fragments.
Źródło:
Transport Problems; 2020, 15, 3; 29-41
1896-0596
2300-861X
Pojawia się w:
Transport Problems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Drive unit characteristics of a completely electrical passenger aircraft
Autorzy:
Fąfara, Jean-Marc
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
aircraft
electric drive unit
fuel cells
all-electric aircraft
green aviation
Opis:
Aviation has, over the years, become an inseparable element of human life. Airplanes are very commonly used for various tasks, such as transport of passengers and goods, military attack and defence, rescue, recreation and so on. In spite of the many advantages of aviation, one cannot ignore its disadvantages. The most important disadvantages of aviation are the emissions that cause atmospheric pollution and noise. Additionally, one should remember about the decreasing stocks of non-renewable fuels. These drawbacks affect human health and the natural environment. Therefore, a good alternative to conventional drive units in aircraft may turn out to be electric drive units in the near future. The aim of this article is to check the extent to which today’s knowledge and technology allow the use of electric drive units instead of conventional aircraft drive units. This article presents the concept of electric aircraft, from the electric drive unit to its power supply system. The feasibility of designing an electric jet drive unit for a passenger aircraft was analysed based on the performances of PZL 104 Wilga 35 and Boeing B787 Dreamliner.
Źródło:
Power Electronics and Drives; 2020, 5, 40; 59-71
2451-0262
2543-4292
Pojawia się w:
Power Electronics and Drives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical approach to modeling the combustion process in turbine engines fuelled by alternative aviation fuels containing various components/biocomponents
Autorzy:
Kulczycki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
diesel fuel
jet fuel
mathematical model
combustion process
olej napędowy
paliwo lotnicze
model matematyczny
proces spalania
Opis:
The aim of this paper is presentation of the possibility of combustion processes modelling so that to better describe the influence of fuels chemistry on fuels combustion. This is important for prediction the behaviour of different alternative fuels in processes in combustion chamber. Currently used mathematical models do not sufficiently take into account the influence of fuels chemical composition on combustion process. The idea of new mathematical model is proposed in this paper. The paper presents the main assumptions of this model and the results of its preliminary verification using MiniJetRig.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 4; 245-249
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison the piston air engine performance with aviation gasoline (Avgas) or the E-85 ecological fuel supply
Autorzy:
Balicki, W.
Irzycki, A.
Snopkiewicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243897.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
nternal combustion engine
piston air engines
ecological fuels
exhaust pollutant
Opis:
The fuel presently used for feeding of aircraft piston engines (petrol including TEL) is characterized by "strong unfriendliness" for environment. Many research centres have been going on fuels investigation, which could substitute Avgas utilized in aviation. This is why are there no being in force for Europe standards defining the allowable emission of pollutions in exhaust gases of aircraft piston engines (equivalent to EURO - standards introduced for traction engines). The mixtures of gas o line and alcohols are tested as "alternative" aircraft fuels for spark ignition engines, and in case of Diesel engines - evenjet kerosene. During the research works on test bed carried out at Institute of Aviation the performance offour-stroke aircraft carburettor piston engine supplied by "classical" aircraft petrol and the E - 85 fuel (mixture of petrol and ethanol) were compared. Except for measuring the functional parameters of engine (rotational speed, torque, specific fuel consumption, pressures and temperatures) the emissions of gaseous pollutants incorporated in exhaust gas were measured and analyzed. The range of modifications of engine supply system - necessary to introduce in case of changing of fuel type within the tested engine -was worked up. There are foreseen comparative test of fuelling the engine with mixtures of petrol and alcohols in different proportions in the next phase of research works.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 25-32
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-25 z 28

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