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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 47
Tytuł:
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet for Mass Spectrometry
Autorzy:
Babij, M.
Gotszalk, T.
Kowalski, Z.
Nitsch, K.
Silberring, J.
Smoluch, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1198872.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
52.50.Dg
82.80.Ms
Opis:
The atmospheric pressure plasma is much advantageous over low pressure plasmas in various aspects, e.g. vacuum-free operation, relative low cost, flexibility of a continuous process. Among various plasmas generated in atmospheric pressure discharges there are cold plasma jets that represent a technology of great application promise (industry, medicine, biology). To generate low-temperature plasmas at atmospheric pressure the dielectric barrier discharge can be used. It is suitable for the atomization of volatile species and can also be served as a ionization source for ambient mass and ion mobility spectrometry. As the discharge is generated in a restricted electrode structure, a plasma jet (plume) is usually formed outside the electrode region (that provides spatial separation of the plasma generation and surface processing regions). The paper presents a source based on a plasma jet established at the end of a capillary dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure and its application to mass spectrometry. The structure of the jet generator consists of piezoelectric transformer and two concentric and symmetric electrodes, between which the working gas flows at definite rate. Besides the source description early results of spectroscopic analysis are also given.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 6; 1260-1262
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies of atmospheric - pressure microwave plasmas used for gas processing
Autorzy:
Mizeraczyk, J.
Jasiński, M.
Nowakowska, H.
Dors, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146394.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
microwaves
plasma
volatile organic compounds
hydrogen
Opis:
This paper concerns the atmospheric-pressure microwave plasmas and their applications, mainly for gas processing. Several types of atmospheric-pressure microwave sources (MPSs), i.e. surface-wave-sustained MPS, nozzle-type MPSs, nozzleless MPSs, plasma-sheet MPSs and microwave microplasma sources - MmPSs (antenna- and coaxial-line- -based) as well as their performance are presented. The presented experimental results on the optimization of selected MPSs are confronted with results of the modelling of the electromagnetic field in them. The paper deals also with the applications of MPSs for the processing of gases. Two types of the plasma gas processing were experimentally tested: decomposition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and reforming of VOCs (mainly methane) into hydrogen. Results of the laboratory experiments on the plasma processing of several highly-concentrated (up to 100%) VOCs, including freon-type refrigerants, in the waveguide-supplied MPSs showed that the microwave discharge plasma is capable of fully decomposing the VOCs at relatively low energy cost. The use of waveguide-supplied coaxial-line-based and metal-cylinder-based nozzleless MPSs to methane reforming into hydrogen turned out to be energetically efficient. These selected results show MPSs to be an attractive tool for gas processing, including the harmful gas decomposition and production of useful gases.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 2; 241-247
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Atmospheric pressure leaching of nickel from a low-grade nickel-bearing ore
Autorzy:
Javanshir, S.
Mofrad, Z. H.
Azargoon, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
leaching
kinetics
calcination
laterite ore
nickel recovery
Opis:
This study focused on the extraction of nickel from a low-grade lateritic ore. The characterization of representative samples was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and microscopic mineralogical studies. Nickel was uniformly distributed in iron (hydr)oxide minerals. The pre-concentration of nickel was attempted by magnetic separation, but was unsuccessful. The effect of the type of lixiviant, acid concentration, S/L ratio, time, and temperature were investigated in the atmospheric leaching process. Based on the experimental data, optimum conditions for the maximum recovery of nickel were determined under the following conditions: 5 M H2SO4, 25% (w/v), 90 ºC, and two hours. Pre-calcination, for increasing nickel extraction by converting goethite to hematite, was carried out on raw ores at different times (30-180 minutes) and temperatures (180-540 ºC). Recovery was found increasing from 69 to 95% under the same conditions. Kinetic studies were conducted by fitting the data with Shrinking Core (SC) models. The study determined, from the estimate of activation energy, that the rate of reaction controlled by chemical reaction.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 890-900
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carrollite Leaching in H2SO4-NaClO3 Media at Atmospheric Pressure
Autorzy:
Dong, Bo
Wu, Jian-Hui
Wu, Jun
Zhang, Xian-Peng
Zhai, Jing-Jun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CuCo2S4
atmospheric leaching
H2SO4-NaClO3 media
Opis:
A new extraction process suitable for treating refractory CuCo2S4 under atmospheric pressure acidic leaching conditions was investigated. The effect of variables such as oxidant species, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching time, oxidizing agent and mineral quality ratio, H2SO4 concentration, temperature and sodium chloride concentration on the extraction efficiency of Co, Cu and Fe from CuCo2S4 were investigated. Under optimal conditions including P80-P90 of the sample was d < 0.0074 mm, stirring speed of 400 rpm, leaching time of 8 h with sodium chlorate (NaClO3) and mineral quality ratio of 0.5, 2 mol/L H2SO4, liquid-to-solid ratio of 7, leaching temperature of 90°C and 4 mol/L sodium chloride. The leaching efficiency of Co, Cu, and Fe were nearly 97.08%, 100%, and 92.45%, respectively. Furthermore, the contents of cobalt and copper in leaching residue were all less than 0.4 wt.%, which satisfies the requirements of industrial production.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 1; 313-319
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kinetics of sulphuric acid leaching of titanium from refractory anatase under atmospheric pressure
Autorzy:
Gao, Likun
Rao, Bing
Dai, Huixin
Xie, Haiyun
Wang, Peng
Ma, Fangtong
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109701.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
anatase ore
kinetics
sulphuric acid
leaching
titanium dioxide
Opis:
Anatase, as an important titanium resource, is attracting more and more attention in research and application. In this study, an efficient process of comprehensively extracting the titanium and other valuable elements from the anatase mineral was proposed. The effect of particle size, stirring speed, initial sulphuric acid concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio, and reaction temperature on the leaching rate of titanium from anatase was investigated. Under appropriate two-stage countercurrent leaching conditions, with the first stage of the liquid-to-solid ratio of 1/3 g/cm3, reaction temperature of 120 °C, initial acid concentration of 11 mol/dm3, residence time of 30 min, stirring speed of 200 rpm, and the second stage of the liquid-to-solid ratio of 1/3 g/cm3, reaction temperature of 200 °C, initial acid concentration of 13 mol/dm3, residence time of 30 min, and stirring speed of 200 rpm, over 99% TiO2, 99% Al2O3, and 97% Sc2O3 were extracted respectively with quartz still remained in the residue. X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to characterize the anatase samples before and after the leaching. Additionally, the leaching kinetics analysis indicated that both acid concentration and temperature were the most significant parameters for the leaching process. And, the titanium leaching reaction rate was controlled by the diffusion of reactants through the residual layer.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2019, 55, 2; 467-478
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research of Discharge and Generation of Fast Electrons in Atmospheric Pressure Inhomogeneous Gas Media
Autorzy:
Lisenkov, V.
Osipov, V.
Mastyugin, D.
Solomonov, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807979.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-06
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
41.75.Lx
52.80.Tn
Opis:
The paper presents the results of our theoretical investigations of fast electron beam generation in high-temperature plasma of a laser plume and further acceleration of electrons in atmosphere. The discharge formation in these inhomogeneous media was also investigated. Results of calculations have shown an opportunity of generation of fast beam with a current in a range ≈ $10^2 - 10^3$ A from the laser plume with the length of 5 mm and the area of 0.1 $mm^2$. The main reason of limitation of fast electrons current pulse was the breakdown of the discharge gap. The preliminary experiments carried out by us have shown the correctness of chosen direction.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 115, 6; 1173-1176
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przebieg roczny ciśnienia atmosferycznego na Antarktydzie
Annual course of the atmospheric pressure on the Antarctic
Autorzy:
Kejna, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
ciśnienie atmosferyczne
Antarktyda
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
Antarctic
atmospheric pressure
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono zmienność przestrzenną przebiegu rocznego ciśnienia atmosferycznego na Antarktydzie. Stwierdzono dwa typy przebiegów rocznych ciśnienia. Na wybrzeżu występuje przebieg charaktery-zujący się półroczną oscylacją, z maksymalnymi wartościami w sezonie letnim i zimowym oraz najniższymi w przejścio-wych porach roku. We wnętrzu kontynentu najwyższe ciśnienie występuje latem, a najniższe w chłodnej połowie roku. Największe amplitudy roczne ciśnienia występują we wnętrzu kontynentu. W ostatnich dwóch dekadach XX wieku zaznaczyły się istotne zmiany w przebiegu rocznym ciśnienia atmosferycznego.
At the polar latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere a circulation cell functions which is connected with the strong baric wedge feature of the atmosphere occurring between the Antarctic anticyclone and a very deep circumpolar trough by the Antarctic coastline. The circulation system in the Antarctic region shows seasonal variability called Southern Annular Mode (SAM). In the cold season the tropospheric exchange of air masses strengthens due to the increase of the katabatic winds? speed. The relocation of air masses from over Antarctica to its peripheries has an influence on the annual course of the atmospheric pressure. In the elaboration mean monthly air pressure values were taken into account from 106 Antarctic stations from the beginning of measurements to 2000. On the basis of these data the mean annual course of the atmospheric pressure has been counted as well as the yearly pressure range. Annual courses from two periods: 1958-1980 and 1981-2000 were also compared. Over the Antarctic the annual course of the atmospheric pressure is complex. At the costal part of the continent there are two maxima (in summer and in winter) and two minima in the transient seasons. This course is called semi-annual oscillation (SAO) in the literature. However this phenomenon shows certain regional specifics. On the Antarctic Peninsula and South Orkney Islands the winter maximum is more distinct, while minima are shifted to February and November. In the inland the winter maximum decreases with the distance from the coast and at stations situated in the highest parts of the glacial plateau the highest pressure values occur in summer and distinctly lower ones in winter. At some inland stations a slight increase of the pressure can be observed in the middle of winter what refers to the thermal coreless winters occurring frequently in this region. The annual range of the atmospheric pressure decreases from the coast (15-7 hPa) to the interior of the continent, where it reaches values above 20 hPa. During the last two decades of the 20th century significant changes took place in the annual courses of the pressure in comparison to the years 1958-1980. On the South Orkney Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula the pressure increased in summer and in autumn, while in winter distinctly decreased. At the remaining part of the Antarctic coast pressure decrease occurred in every seasons, and in the Weddell Sea region the autumn and spring minimum significantly deepened. At the majority of the stations the annual amplitudes of the atmospheric pressure decreased after 1980. These changes contributed to the disturbances in the functioning of the Antarctic climate system. On the Antarctic Peninsula the air temperature increased, while at many stations in the Eastern Antarctic considerable cooling occurred.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2005, 15; 7-16
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Epoxidation of 1-buten-3-ol under atmospheric pressure over the Ti-Beta catalyst
Autorzy:
Wróblewska, A.
Wajzberg, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
Tematy:
epoksydacja w fazie ciekłej
1,2-epoksy-3-butanol
katalizator Ti-Beta
liquid phase epoxidation
1,2-epoxy-3-butanol
Ti-Beta catalyst
Opis:
The results of 1-buten-3-ol (1B3O) epoxidation with 30% hydrogen peroxide over the Ti-Beta catalyst were presented. The studies were performed under the atmospheric pressure and at the presence of methanol as a solvent. There was examined the influence of the following parameters: the temperature (0 - 60°C), the molar ratio of 1B3O/H2O2 (1:1 - 5:1), methanol concentration (5 - 90 wt%), the Ti-Beta catalyst concentration (0.1 - 5.0 wt%) and the reaction time (0.5 - 5.0 h). The optimal parameters were determined by using the following functions: the selectivity of the transformation to 1,2-epoxy-3-butanol (1,2E3B) in relation to 1B3O consumed, the selectivity of the transformation to organic compounds in relation to hydrogen peroxide consumed, the conversions of 1B3O and hydrogen peroxide. The main product of epoxidation was 1,2-epoxy-3-butanol, epoxide having several applications.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2007, 9, 2; 110-113
1509-8117
1899-4741
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effective diffusivity of moisture in low rank coal during superheated steam drying at atmospheric pressure
Autorzy:
Pakowski, Z.
Adamski, R.
Kwapisz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/185513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wilgoć
dyfuzja
węgiel brunatny
moisture
diffusion
lignite
Opis:
The effective diffusivity of water in brown coal of Bełchatów mine was experimentally determined. The experiments were performed in superheated steam at 200 [degrees]C and atmospheric pressure using slightly compressed pellets of cylindrical shape. The drying and temperature curves of the sample were used to identify diffusivity. An inverse problem was formulated and solved by the finite element method for 3D axially symmetric cylindrical geometry of the sample. A satisfactory fit of the simulated curves to experimental results was obtained. The obtained dependence of effective diffusivity on moisture content and temperature may be used in designing lignite dryers.
Źródło:
Chemical and Process Engineering; 2012, 33, 1; 43-51
0208-6425
2300-1925
Pojawia się w:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plasma-Enhanced Atmospheric Pressure Spray Pyrolysis System for the Production of Few Walls Carbon Nanotubes
Autorzy:
Soto, Gerardo
Ramírez-Hernández, Felipe
Muñoz-Muñoz, Franklin
Covarrubias, Cristian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1162427.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
few-walls carbon nanotubes
plasma enhanced
spray pyrolysis
Opis:
Spray pyrolysis is a recognized technique for the preparation of multi-walled Carbon Nano-Tubes (CNTs). Likewise, gas-phase plasma synthesis has the best potential to produce nanoparticles with narrow sized distribution in short times. Here we present a combination of both concepts to design an atmospheric-pressure plasma reactor in a configuration which can be scaled for massive production of few-walls CNTs. This hybrid setup uses a pneumatic nebulizer which produces an aerosol from a solution of toluene (the carbon source) in the presence of ferrocene (the catalyst). The mist goes toward the plasma zone, which is generated by a DC-soldering torch. The plasma effect is to reduce the droplet size of the nebulizer. By this mean the agglomeration of Fe nanoparticles is reduced and consequently, the number of walls and diameter of CNTs are decreased.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 111; 64-73
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 47

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