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Wyszukujesz frazę "annihilation effect" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
Tytuł:
Wpływ charakterystyk sprawcy i ofiary na przypisywanie sprawcy moralnej odpowiedzialności
The impact of the perpetrator’s and the victim’s characteristics on moral responsibility attributions
Autorzy:
Styśko, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128657.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-28
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
responsibility attribution
guilt attribution
stereotype
relating an event to Self
victim
annihilation effect
Opis:
Zgodnie z modelem opartym na koncepcjach obronnej atrybucji odpowiedzialności i stereotypizacji oraz na wcześniejszych badaniach (Styśko, 2006, 2007), w pewnych okolicznościach nietendeneyjne lub tendencyjnie przychylne sady wobec sprawcy z negatywnie stereotypizowanej grupy (efekt anihilacji) mogą być wyjaśniane użyciem poznawczej strategii służącej redukcji wysokiego poziomu zagrożenia i przywróceniu utraconej kontroli. W niniejszym artykule prezentuję kolejne badanie oparte na założeniach tego modelu. W eksperymencie z użyciem procedury komputerowej, obejmującym 107 licealistek, w którym prezentowana ofiara była podobna do obserwatora, uczestniczki przypisywały podobny stopień odpowiedzialności sprawcy należącemu i nic należącemu do negatywnie stereotypizowancj grupy (dresiarzy). Kiedy ofiara była prezentowana jako niepodobna, ale równic angażująca emocjonalnie (dziecko), sprawcy-dresiarzowi przypisywano nawet mniej odpowiedzialności niż niedresiarzowi.
In accordance with the model based on defensive responsibility attribution and stereotyping, as well as the findings from previous studies (Styśko, 2006; 2007), in certain circumstances, unbiased or favourably biased judgements about the perpetrator from a negatively stereotyped group (the annihilation effect) can be explained by using a cognitive strategy which serves reducing a high sense of threat and regaining a lost sense of control. This article presents study based on the assumptions of this model. One hundred and seven high school students took part in the experiment using a computer procedure. When the victim was similar to the observer, the participants attributed a similar degree of responsibility to the perpetrators both not belonging and belonging to the negatively stereotyped group (jock hooligans). When the victim was presented as not similar but equally emotionally engaging (a child), the jock hooligan perpetrator was attributed even less responsibility than the non – jock hooligan perpetrator.
Źródło:
Roczniki Psychologiczne; 2008, 11, 2; 69-86
1507-7888
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Psychologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of magnetic field on the corrosion of iron as studied by positron annihilation
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, R.
Szatanik, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
corrosion
magnetic field
positron annihilation
Opis:
Lifetime spectra of positron annihilation in iron corroded in a water solution of HCl and in vapour above its surface have been investigated with emphasis on the effect of corrosion time and environment (solution or vapour) as well as of the presence and orientation of the magnetic field on the measured positron annihilation parameters. All the registered positron lifetime spectra consist of two components. For corroded samples, the intensities of the two components as well as the corresponding values of the mean positron lifetime, differ from those for uncorroded material. The corrosion-induced changes in the positron annihilation parameters depend on the corrosion environment (solution or vapour) and on the presence and direction of external magnetic field.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 31-34
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Positron annihilation study of iron oxide nanoparticles in mesoporous silica MCM-41 template
Autorzy:
Surowiec, Z.
Wiertel, M.
Zaleski, R.
Budzyński, M.
Goworek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
Mössbauer effect
MCM-41 porous silica
superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Opis:
The subject of investigation were the samples obtained by impregnation of MCM-41 template with an aqueous solution prepared from Fe(NO3)3ź9H2O. As a result of such a procedure, iron oxides deposits on MCM-41 were formed. The Mössbauer studies revealed an occurrence of Fe3O4 nanocrystallites in the both ferri- and superparamagnetic states. Almost 80% small particles exist in a paramagnetic state. The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) spectra were measured in air or in vacuum. The long-lived ortho-positronium (o-Ps) components and their intensities are time dependent due to air molecules interaction with iron oxide nanocrystallites and silica walls surfaces. The adsorption of air on the nanocrystallites surface causes a total screening of their surface and a raise of the o-Ps lifetime values. Observed anti-quenching effect is a result of competition of two phenomena: practically switching off a pick-off mechanism related to interaction of o-Ps with magnetite nanoparticles and considerably weaker usual quenching by paramagnetic oxygen molecules.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 91-96
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of electronelectron correlations on positron-electron momentum density distributions
Autorzy:
Boroński, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146328.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
electronic structure
many-body physics
Opis:
The calculations of the influence of the self-energy effects on the electron-positron (e-p) enhancement factors and the e-p momentum distributions are presented. The approach bases on the novel formulation of the Bethe- -Goldstone (B-G) equation for the positron in an electron gas where the scattering of the electrons into the states below the Fermi surface due to the self-energy effects is allowed. This equation has been solved and the corresponding e-p enhancement factors and momentum distributions have been found. The agreement between the absolute values of the theoretical calculations and experimental data has improved noticeably.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 1; 3-8
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Understanding electron-positron momentum densities in solids : effect of the positron distribution
Autorzy:
Rubaszek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147180.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron annihilation
electronic band structure
positron states
Opis:
The influence of the positron distribution on the electron-positron (e-p) momentum densities (MDs) is studied in terms of the l (l = s, p, d, f) character of the initial electronic state. The effect of the positron is discussed for momenta in the extended and reduced zone scheme on the example of Al (simple metal), Cu (metal with almost filled d shell), and Cr (transition metal). Present result indicates a weak sensitivity of the e-p MD inside the central Fermi surface to the positron charge density for the delocalized s and p electrons. In the case of d states, the effect of the positron on the relevant contribution to the e-p MD directly reflects the degree of localization of d electrons in the electron density of states.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 1; 759-763
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on the effect of atmospheric gases adsorbed in MnFe2O4/MCM-41 nanocomposite on ortho-positronium annihilation
Autorzy:
Wiertel, M.
Surowiec, Z.
Budzyński, M.
Gac, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
manganese ferrite
MCM-41 silica
nanocomposite
o-Ps quenching
positronium annihilation
Opis:
In this paper, results of positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) studies of MnFe2O4/MCM- -41 nanocomposites in N2 and O2 atmosphere have been presented. In particular, the influence of manganese ferrite loading and gas filling on pick-off ortho-positronium (o-Ps) annihilation processes in the investigated samples was a point of interest. Disappearance of the longest-lived o-Ps component with τ5 present in the PAL spectrum of initial MCM-41 mesoporous material in the PAL spectra of MnFe2O4-impregnated MCM-41 measured in vacuum is a result of either a strong chemical o-Ps quenching or the Ps inhibition effects. The intensity I4 of the medium-lived component initially increases, reaching a maximum value for the sample with minimum manganese ferrite content, and then decreases monotonically. Analogous dependence for the intensity I3 of the shortest-lived component shows a maximum at higher MnFe2O4 content. Filling of open pores present in the studied nanocomposites by N2 or O2 at ambient pressure causes partial reappearance of the τ4 and τ5 components, except a sample with maximum ferrite content. The lifetimes of these components measured in O2 are shortened in comparison to that observed in N2 because of paramagnetic quenching. Anti-inhibition and anti-quenching effects of atmospheric gases observed in the MnFe2O4/MCM-41 samples are a result of neutralization of some surface active centers acting as inhibitors and weakening of pick-off annihilation mechanism, respectively.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 1; 783-787
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Annealing on Free-Volume Properties of Poly(ethylene Terephthalate) Studied by Positron Annihilation
Autorzy:
Misheva, M.
Djourelov, N.
Seganov, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025732.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.70.Bj
Opis:
The effect of annealing on free-volume properties of poly( ethylene terephthalate) was studied using a set of samples annealed for two hours in air at eight temperatures between 80ºC and 220ºC. The fractional free-volume in the samples was estimated from ortho-positronium lifetime and its relative intensity. The variations of fractional free-volume and of the macroscopic specific volume with annealing temperature were compared. The variation of the pore volume probability density functions with the annealing temperature was found. The interdependence between S- and W-parameters was also discussed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2001, 99, 3-4; 429-433
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The detection of reverse accumulation effect in the positron annihilation profile of stack of aluminum and silver foils
Autorzy:
Dryzek, J.
Siemek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
positron implantation profile
stack of foils
Opis:
The implantation profile of positrons emitted from 22Na into a stack of aluminum and silver foils is the subject of the presented report. The characteristic dimple in the profile behind the Ag foil was detected. This effect arises from the differences in the linear absorption coefficient of aluminum and silver. The good agreement between the theoretical profile obtained within the multiscattering model and experimental one was achieved. The observed phenomenon can affect the positron annihilation characteristics measured for the inhomogeneous samples.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, No. 4, part 1; 713-716
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Deformation on Positron Annihilation in Decomposing Copper Alloys
Autorzy:
Mikhalenkov, V. S.
Hautojärvi, P.
Vehanen, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933528.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995-07
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.30.Mh
61.66.Dk
61.72.Ff
78.70.Bj
Opis:
Positron lifetime spectra were measured in the quenched or slowly cooled Cu-3.93 at.% Ag alloy, subjected to subsequent cold rolling, as a function of isochronal annealing temperature. The results were compared with the formerly obtained data for quenched, but not deformed, C͟u-Ag alloy and for deformed C͟u-Ge solid solution. All lifetime spectra, after background and source corrections, are single exponential with the lifetimes which exceed those in well-annealed Cu solid solutions. This gives evidence to positron annihilation from a trapped state. One-component spectra may then testify to existence of a set of different traps with too weak distinction in the individual positron lifetime to be resolved as separate components. At low annealing temperatures the stage arisen from continuous decomposition is not revealed, being masked by the removal of deformation defects. The stages of discontinuous decomposition and of subsequent precipitates coagulation turn out to depend on the sample history. The role of deformation defects in the decomposition of supersaturated solid solutions is attempted to be accounted for in a wide range of annealing temperatures.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1995, 88, 1; 199-204
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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