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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Overall human mortality and morbidity due to exposure to air pollution
    Autorzy:
    Samek, Lucyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177434.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-02-08
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    respiratory diseases
    cardiovascular diseases
    nitrogen dioxide
    Health impact assessment
    HIA
    airborne particulate matter
    Opis:
    Objectives Concentrations of particulate matter that contains particles with diameter ≤ 10 mm ($\text{PM}_\text{10}$) and diameter ≤ 2.5 mm ($\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$) as well as nitrogen dioxide ($\text{NO}_{2}$) have considerable impact on human mortality, especially in the cases when cardiovascular or respiratory causes are attributed. Additionally, they affect morbidity. An estimation of human mortality and morbidity due to the increased concentrations of $\text{PM}_\text{10}$, $\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$ and $\text{NO}_{2}$ between the years 2005–2013 was performed for the city of Kraków, Poland. For this purpose the Air Quality Health Impact Assessment Tool (AirQ) software was successfully applied. Material and Methods The Air Quality Health Impact Assessment Tool was used for the calculation of the total, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality as well as hospital admissions related to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Data on concentrations of $\text{PM}_\text{10}$, $\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$ and $\text{NO}_{2}$, which was obtained from the website of the Voivodeship Inspectorate for Environmental Protection (WIOS) in Kraków, was used in this study. Results Total mortality due to exposure to $\text{PM}_\text{10}$ in 2005 was found to be 41 deaths per 100 000 and dropped to 30 deaths per 100 000 in 2013. Cardiovascular mortality was 2 times lower than the total mortality. However, hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases were more than an order of magnitude higher than the respiratory mortality. Conclusions The calculated total mortality due to $\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$ was higher than that due to $\text{PM}_\text{10}$. Air pollution was determined to have a significant effect on human health. The values obtained by the use of the AirQ software for the city of Kraków imply that exposure to polluted air can result in serious health problems.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 3; 417-426
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przydatność wybranych gatunków lip (Tilia sp.) do fitoremediacji powietrza z zanieczyszczeń pyłowych
    The usefulness of selected linden species (Tilia sp.) for phytoremediation of airborne particulate matter
    Autorzy:
    Sadowiec, K. J.
    Gawroński, S. W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/338498.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    mikrocząsteczki
    Tilia
    zanieczyszczenia powietrza
    zieleń miejska
    air pollution
    particulate matter
    urban forest
    Opis:
    Rozwijające się urbanizacja, transport i przemysł są źródłem zanieczyszczeń mikropyłowych, które wpływają na pogorszenie jakości powietrza i stanowią zagrożenie dla zdrowia mieszkańców. Drzewa są coraz bardziej doceniane jako naturalne filtry powietrza oczyszczające je z zanieczyszczeń mikropyłowych. Lipy to drzewa bardzo często spotykane w miastach, zarówno w parkach, jak i przy ulicach naszej strefy klimatycznej. W niniejszej pracy porównano wybrane gatunki i odmiany lip, różniące się wyglądem i wymaganiami pod względem ich zdolności do akumulacji zanieczyszczeń mikropyłowych. W doświadczeniach sprawdzano ilość pyłów o średnicy aerodynamicznej cząstek 10−100 μm, 2,5−10 μm oraz 0,2−2,5 μm, jakie zgromadziły się na powierzchni liści i w woskach. Najlepszym fitoremediantem okazała się Tilia cordata Mill. (lipa drobnolistna). Liście lipy holenderskiej „Pallida” również bardzo dobrze gromadziły zanieczyszczenia.
    Progressing urbanization, development of transport and industry are the sources of particulate matter, which decrease air quality and pose a threat to human health. Plants are the only natural organizm to clean the air. Trees are more and more appreciated as natural air filters that remove particulate matter. Linden are very common in cites, in parks and even near streets in our climatic zone. In this paper, selected species of linden were compared in order to determine their ability to accumulate particulate matter. These linden trees have different morphology and requirements. The accumulation of particulate matter of the size: 10–100 μm, 2.5–10 μm and 0.2–2.5 μm was analysed within this study. Tilia cordata turned out to be the best phytoremediant. Tilia × Europe „Pallida” was also very good in accumulating particulate matter on its leaves.
    Źródło:
    Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2013, 13, 3; 131-148
    1642-8145
    Pojawia się w:
    Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Węglowodory aromatyczne z pyłów zawieszonych w powietrzu regionu wielkomiejsko-przemysłowego—analiza jakościowa metodą GC-MS
    Aromatic hydrocarbons in airborne particulate matter collected in an industrial-urban region—qualitative analysis by GC-MS method
    Autorzy:
    Matuszewska, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074737.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    pyły zawieszone w powietrzu
    region przemysłowy
    zanieczyszczenie powietrza
    PAHs
    związki aromatyczne
    airborne particulate matter
    industrial region
    air pollution
    heteroaromatics
    Opis:
    The GC-MS method was used for analysis of aromatic fraction components of organic pollutants isolated from airborne dust from industrial-urban region (Upper Silesia, Poland). The results of investigations have confirmed that composition of the analyzed pollutants in summer time were dominated by products of combustion of engine fuels. A series of two to five ring condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), typical for this kind of pollution, was identified. Among the identified unsubstituted PAHs, fluoranthene and pyrene predominate being accompanied by other PAHs such as phenanthrene, cyclopenta(c)pyrene, benzo(c)- phenanthrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, triphenylene, benzofloranthenes, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(e)pyrene, perylene, anthanthrene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, dibenzopyrenes, coronene. The presence of these compounds and their relative concentrations have shown a distinct similarity with the results of obtained by other authors in studies on airborne dust from a different locality of the Upper Silesia. Concentrations of alkylsubstituted PAHs were found to be much lower than those of unsubstituded PAHs. This may indicate that the analyzed pollutions originate mainly during high-temperature pyrolytic processes or also partially secondary processes of oxidation and photolysis under conditions of summer light. It is a very important environmental problem because the secondary processes can result in distinct simultaneous changes of the bioactivity of organic air pollutions. Pyrene as well as fluoranthene dominate among unsubstituted PAHs in analyzed air pollutants. Thanks to this domination and high luminescence yield, pyrene, as well as its alkyl derivatives, were marked especially distinctly in the luminescence spectra, recorded here in a comparative analysis. GC-MS method made it also possible to identify low-polar heterocompounds containing oxygen and sulphur atoms. Among them, several groups of aromatic ether oxygen compounds (such as of the furane, xantene and chromene types) as well as a quinonic compound (antraquinone) were identified. These compounds may originate already during combustion process or in secondary processes in the air abound in oxidants of various type. In studies of complicated phenomena and numerous factors conditioning PAHs composition in air pollution it is necessary to use a great number of various analytical methods and techniques. The most effective seems to be a group of chromatographic methods, mainly capillary GC-MS one. The luminescence method, especially the synchronous technique, is also used here. The latter is, in turn, an effective method for a comparative characteristics of aromatic environmental pollutions.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Geologiczny; 2010, 58, 1; 79-84
    0033-2151
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Geologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Atmospheric particulate matter in Tarnów City (Southern Poland) – short time investigation of a space-time variability in the winter of 2019
    Autorzy:
    Chyc, Marek
    Klich, Mariusz
    Klich, Sabina
    Żelazo, Patrycja
    Ciężadło, Agnieszka
    Żeleźnik, Paweł
    Partyńsk, Paweł
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/93066.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    airborne pollution
    particulate matter
    heating season
    smog
    zanieczyszczenie powietrza
    cząstki stałe
    sezon grzewczy
    Opis:
    Tarnów is a city where air pollution is a major problem during the wintertime. An acceptable level of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations are exceeded very often. The main reason of this situation is individual housing and their heat system based on ineffective old units based on hard coal and sometimes even people use waste as a fuel. The city has two air quality monitoring stations and a private network for measurements of particulate matter. However, there is still a lack of information on air quality in some areas of the city. For obtaining full information on the air quality in Tarnów, readings from the monitoring station and field measurements were carried out. The obtained information allowed to determine which areas of the city are most exposed to the occurrence of smog in the heating season. So far, air quality measurements in Tarnów have not been conducted at the same time for so many collections.The most polluted air occurs in Krzyż District but air quality should be improved in all city. The best air quality has been observed for locations where heat is available from municipal heating plant e.g. Słoneczna Str. Presented research work shows that air quality in Tarnów City is very unhealthy because of particulate matter pollution. In the winter time the main problem is too high concentration of PM2.5, but also PM10 concentration. Those parameters are very frequently exceeded. The worst air quality occurs in the evenings (8 p.m.), but in the mornings (8 a. m.) air quality is highly polluted too. When air quality in Tarnów City is bad situation concerns all localisations. The similar situation is observed when air quality is good or acceptable. The main conclusion is that for locations where heat is available from heat plant is not generated individually by domestic sources, the situation is the most comfortable. Our investigation covered short period, but it is preliminary study and this important issue will be continued in the future.
    Źródło:
    Science, Technology and Innovation; 2019, 5, 2; 50-59
    2544-9125
    Pojawia się w:
    Science, Technology and Innovation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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