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Tytuł:
World War I : Russia: Revolution and War
Autorzy:
Griesse, Anne E.
Stites, Richard.
Powiązania:
Female Soldiers - Combatants or Noncombatants? : Historical and Contemporary Perspectives / ed. Nancy Loring Goldman Westport, Connecticut, London, England, 1982 S. 61-68
Współwytwórcy:
Goldman, Nancy L. Redakcja
Data publikacji:
1982
Tematy:
Służba wojskowa kobiet Rosja 1914-1918 r.
Rewolucja 1917 r. październikowa i wojna domowa kobiety (żołnierze).
I wojna światowa (1914-1918)
Kobiety (żołnierze)
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
World War I : Germany and the World Wars
Autorzy:
Tuten, Jeff M.
Powiązania:
Female Soldiers - Combatants or Noncombatants? : Historical and Contemporary Perspectives / ed. Nancy Loring Goldman Westport, Connecticut, London, England, 1982 S. 47-50
Współwytwórcy:
Goldman, Nancy L. Redakcja
Data publikacji:
1982
Tematy:
Służba wojskowa kobiet Niemcy 1914-1918 r.
I wojna światowa (1914-1918)
Kobiety (żołnierze)
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
World War I : Great Britain and the World Wars
Autorzy:
Goldman, Nancy L.
Stites, Richard.
Powiązania:
Female Soldiers - Combatants or Noncombatants? : Historical and Contemporary Perspectives / ed. Nancy Loring Goldman Westport, Connecticut, London, England, 1982 S. 21-29
Współwytwórcy:
Goldman, Nancy L. Redakcja
Data publikacji:
1982
Tematy:
Służba wojskowa kobiet Wielka Brytania 1914-1918 r.
I wojna światowa (1914-1918)
Kobiety (żołnierze)
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
God and Death in the English Poetry of World War I
Autorzy:
Kędzierska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/605968.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Źródło:
Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature; 1997, 21; 13-30
0137-4699
Pojawia się w:
Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Armia rosyjska w wielkiej wojnie
Russian Army in the World War I
Autorzy:
Golovin, Nikolaj Nikolaevič (1875-1944).
Współwytwórcy:
Mróz-Mazur, Katarzyna. Tłumaczenie
Firma Handlowo Usługowa NAPOLEON V, Dariusz Marszałek.
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Oświęcim : Wydawnictwo Napoleon V
Tematy:
I wojna światowa (1914-1918)
Wojsko
Opis:
Tyt. oryg.: The Russian Army in the World War I.
Indeks.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Książka
Tytuł:
Economic Growth and Tax Inequality in Japan: Evidence from World War I
Autorzy:
Revelant, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Kultur Śródziemnomorskich i Orientalnych PAN
Tematy:
modern Japan
tax burden
inequality
rural/urban gap
Opis:
Tax systems are useful indicators of the economic and political conditions which concur to shape them. With respect to developing countries, an analysis of the tax burden can help to understand how the process of modernization is sustained through fiscal extraction from different social classes and productive sectors. This paper presents statistical evidence on the distribution of taxes in Japan around the time of World War I, which was a pivotal moment for both economic growth and political change. Sources indicate that government officials had a clear perception of inequality and its structural causes; the surveys examined here can therefore be considered a starting point for reform of the tax system, as discussed in the next twenty years.
Źródło:
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia; 2014, 27; 131-149
0860-6102
Pojawia się w:
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish mathematicians and mathematics in World War I. Part II. Russian Empire
Autorzy:
Domoradzki, Stanisław
Stawiska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783500.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Tematy:
Polish mathematical community, World War I, Russian Empire, Society for Scientific Courses in Warsaw, Polish University College in Kiev, teaching at the academic level outside traditional institutions, Mathematics Subject Classification: 01A60, 01A70, 01A
polskie środowisko matematyczne, I wojna światowa, Cesarstwo Rosyjskie, Towarzystwo Kursów Naukowych w Warszawie, Polskie Kolegium Uniwersyteckie w Kijowie, nauczanie akademickie poza tradycyjnymi instytucjami, Mathematics Subject Classification: 01A60, 0
Opis:
In the second part of our article we continue presentation of individual fates of Polish mathematicians (in a broad sense) and the formation of modern Polish mathematical community against the background of the events of World War I. In particular we focus on the situations of Polish mathematicians in the Russian Empire (including those affiliated with the University of Warsaw, reactivated by Germans, and the Warsaw Polytechnics, founded already by Russians) and other countries.
W drugiej części artykułu kontynuujemy przedstawianie indywidualnych losów matematyków polskich (w szerokim sensie) oraz kształtowanie się nowoczesnego polskiego środowiska matematycznego na tle wydarzeń pierwszej wojny światowej. W szczególności skupiamy się na sytuacji matematyków polskich w Cesarstwie Rosyjskim (także tych związanych z reaktywowanym przez Niemców Uniwersytetem Warszawskim i utworzoną jeszcze przez Rosjan Politechniką Warszawską) i innych krajach.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Scientiarum; 2019, 18
2451-3202
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Scientiarum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish mathematicians and mathematics in World War I. Part I: Galicia (Austro-Hungarian Empire)
Autorzy:
Domoradzki, Stanisław
Stawiska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783390.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
Tematy:
Polish mathematical community
World War I
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Mathematics Subject Classification, 01A60, 01A70, 01A73, 01A74
polskie środowisko matematyczne
I wojna światowa
monarchia austro-węgierska
Opis:
In this article we present diverse experiences of Polish mathematicians (in a broad sense) who during World War I fought for freedom of their homeland or conducted their research and teaching in difficult wartime circumstances. We discuss not only individual fates, but also organizational efforts of many kinds (teaching at the academic level outside traditional institutions, Polish scientific societies, publishing activities) in order to illustrate the formation of modern Polish mathematical community.In Part I we focus on mathematicians affiliated with the existing Polish institutions of higher education: Universities in Lwów in Kraków and the Polytechnical School in Lwów, within the Austro-Hungarian empire.
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiamy różnorodne doświadczenia matematyków polskich (w szerokim sensie), którzy podczas I wojny światowej walczyli o wolność swej ojczyzny lub w trudnych warunkach wojennych zajmowali sie badaniami naukowymi i nauczaniem. Omawiamy nie tylko indywidualne koleje losów, lecz także różnego rodzaju przedsięwzięcia organizacyjne (nauczanie akademickie poza tradycyjnymi instytucjami, polskie towarzystwa naukowe, działalność wydawniczą), aby ukazać kształtowanie się nowoczesnego polskiego środowiska matematycznego.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Scientiarum; 2018, 17
2451-3202
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Scientiarum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczność Myszyńca w czasie I wojny światowej
The community of Myszyniec during world war I
Autorzy:
Niewiadomski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168114.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-15
Wydawca:
Ostrołęckie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
Myszyniec
Ostroleka County
First World War.
powiat ostrołęcki
pierwsza wojna światowa
Opis:
The border location of Myszyniec significantly influenced the community of this town. She soon felt the effects of the war, causing forced deportations and the destruction of her life achievements. After the fighting ended, some residents returned to their homes, but were struggling with the ubiquitous poverty. The help given to them by national assistance committees was only a drop in the ocean of needs. Quite repressive policy was also pursued by the German occupier, who did not favor economic development.
Przygraniczne położenie Myszyńca wpłynęło znacząco na społeczność tej miejscowości. Dość szybko odczuła ona skutki wojny, powodujące przymusowe deportacje oraz zniszczenia jej dorobku życiowego. Po zakończeniu walk niektórzy mieszkańcy powrócili do swoich domów, borykali się jednak z wszechobecną biedą. Pomoc okazywana im przez ogólnokrajowe komitety pomocowe była tylko kroplą w morzu potrzeb. Dość represyjną politykę prowadził również okupant niemiecki, który nie sprzyjał rozwojowi gospodarczemu.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego; 2019, Zeszyt, XXXIII; 37-52
0860-9608
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nałęczów w czasie I wojny światowej – wybrane wydarzenia
Nałęczów during World War I – selected events
Autorzy:
Babinicz-Witucka, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/536204.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Nałęczów
I wojna światowa
Komitet Obywatelski
Komitet Ratunkowy
Wydział Narodowy
Legiony Polskie
6 pułk piechoty Legionów Polskich
World War I
Citizens’ Committee
Rescue Committee
National Division
Polish Legions
6th Infantry Regiment of the Polish Legions
Opis:
The article refers to certain events from World War I, which took place in Nałęczów and its nearby areas. Their direct witnesses were four inhabitants of that town: two authors of the diaries – Łucja Hornowska and Jadwiga Malewska, the author of the memoirs – Mieczysław Rogalski, and Zbigniew Czarkowski – a local photographer. There were no fights in Nałęczów, however, the local health resort infrastructure, as well as the numerous guest houses for patients were used for military purposes as medical infrastructure for the front and places of accommodation. At the end of September 1914, the Russian field hospital of the 87th Brigade of the 145th Novocherkassk Infantry Regiment was installed in the town. The authors of memoirs and diaries describe the sounds of artilleries of the sides fighting with each other during the Galicia Operation (18 August – 11 September 1914), in particular, during the battles of Komarów and Kraśnik, and recollect hundreds of wounded people brought to Nałęczów. Further descriptions are connected with the battles of Warsaw and Ivangorod (Dęblin) on 28 June – 8 November 1914 and with the march-past of the forces taking part in those events. In May 1915, after the battle of Gorlice, Nałęczów witnessed the withdrawal of Russian forces and a short stay of Duke of Oldenburg, a chief of common evacuation. The evacuation of Russians through Nałęczów lasted until the end of July 1915. At that time, General Stegman’s artillery brigade, General Mishchenko’s corpse, General Ragoza’s corpse and General Kisielewski’s brigade marched through that area. Austrian and German forces marched into Nałęczów on 30 July 1915. Soon after, the Germans withdrew and the region of Nałęczów found itself under the Austro-Hungarian occupation. The capital of the newly-formed government was established by Austrians in Lublin on 1 October 1915. In early autumn, Archduke Joseph Ferdinand was lodged in Nałęczów for nearly two weeks. The military activities, which continued from the summer 1914, made the life of civilians very difficult. In order to counteract the difficulties, on 10 August 1914, in Nałęczów, like in the entire Congress Poland, by consent of the authorities, the Citizens’ Committee was established. In autumn 1915, after the Main Rescue Committee had been established in the territory under the Austrian occupation, the Citizens’ Committee was renamed the Rescue Committee with the scope of activities similar to the one of the Citizens’ Committee. After the Russians had left Congress Poland, the independence movement had greater opportunities for development, since Austrian authorities gave much of a freedom to local organizations. The independence movement, inspired by National Divisions, formed in many locations, developed under the Austrian occupation. One of the National Divisions was also created in Nałęczów. On its initiative, important anniversaries, like the anniversary of the January Uprising or the 125th anniversary of adopting the Constitution of May 3, were celebrated. In November 1916, the 6th Infantry Regiment of Polish Legions came for a rest to Nałęczów and quartered there for over a month. The legionists initiated the Polish Military Organization and an underground recruit school in the town. All events important for the town were documented by Zbigniew Czarkowski, a local photographer. He is also the author of most of the photographs illustrating the article.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 2015, 1; 5-22
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cmentarze I wojny światowej w Myszyńcu i okolicach
World war I cemeteries in Myszyniec area
Autorzy:
Karczewska, Małgorzata
Czaplicki, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168113.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-15
Wydawca:
Ostrołęckie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
WWI
cultural heritage
Kurpie region
I wojna światowa
dziedzictwo kulturowe
Kurpiowszczyzna
Opis:
The article concerns issues of heritage of the Eastern Front of WWI on the example of war cemeteries in Myszyniec area in Kurpie region. It’s based on preserved archival materials and literature, analysis of the digital terrain model, field documentary research and oral history archive. Briefly discusses the idea of German commemoration of the fallen soldiers of both fighting armies and presents current achievements in revealing and documenting forgotten cemeteries in the area covered by the study.
Artykuł dotyczy problematyki dziedzictwa frontu wschodniego I wojny światowej na przykładzie cmentarzy wojennych z okolic Myszyńca na Kurpiowszczyźnie. Bazuje na zachowanych materiałach i literaturze archiwalnej, analizie numerycznego modelu terenu, terenowych badaniach dokumentacyjnych oraz archiwum historii mówionej. Zwięźle omawia ideę niemieckiego grobownictwa I wojny światowej na Wschodzie, którą objęci zostali polegli żołnierze obu walczących armii, oraz prezentuje dotychczasowe osiągnięcia w zakresie ujawniania i dokumentowania zapomnianych cmentarzy na terenie objętym opracowaniem.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego; 2019, Zeszyt, XXXIII; 53-76
0860-9608
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Życie literackie Łodzi w czasie I wojny światowej
Literary life in Lodz during World War I
Autorzy:
Stawiszyńska, Aneta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/649809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
history of Łódź
cultural life
literary life
World War the I
polish literature
polish poetry
Opis:
Łódź that has never had significant literary tradition, reached a few interesting debuts of young artists during the dramatic years of the war. Tuwim siblings should be named among them, along with Aleksander Kraśniański and Mieczysław Braun. Multi-ethnicity of Lodz resulted in a diverse view on the ongoing conflict, which found its echo in the work of local writers. In their works we find descriptions of both the drama of everyday life as well as questions about the meaning of the war and the future of the reborn state. Since there was problem with publishing books, the local newspaper publishes gave enormous contribution to the development of local literature by publishing the work of young artists on its pages.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica; 2012, 18, 4; 67-84
1505-9057
2353-1908
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Żeński Oddział Wywiadowczy I Brygady Legionów
Feminine Military Intelligence in Polish Legions in World War I
Autorzy:
Dobosz, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2068577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
pierwsza wojna światowa
historia Polski
działalność kurierska
działalność wywiadowcza
Legiony Polskie
kobiety w I wojnie światowej
First World War
history of Poland
military intelligence
military couriers
Polish Legions
women in the First World War
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje działalność Żeńskiego Oddziału Wywiadowczego jako przykładu zaangażowania Polek w walkę o niepodległość. Przedstawia genezę oddziału oraz jego zmieniającą się rolę i zadania. Koncentruje się także na technikach działania wywiadowczyń w świetle ich wspomnień. Prezentuje również postać Aleksandry Szczerbińskiej, jako dowódczyni oddziału.
The article presents the activity of the Female Intelligence Unit in Polish Legions, as an example of the activity of Polish women in the struggle for independence. It presents the genesis of the unit and its changing role and tasks. It also focuses on the techniques of intelligence operations described in memories of units members. It also presents the figure of Aleksandra Szczerbińska as the commander.
Źródło:
Roczniki Studenckie Akademii Wojsk Lądowych; 2019, 3; 51--62
2544-7262
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Studenckie Akademii Wojsk Lądowych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poland? But which? Jewish Political Attitudes toward the Polish State in Formation during World War I
Autorzy:
Marcos, Silber,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/897540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-24
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
WWI
Jewish Nationalism
Minority Rights
German occupation of Poland during WWI
Agudas Isroel
Bund
Zionism
Folkism
Opis:
What kind of country are we talking about when we speak of Poland from the perspective of the organized Jewish political leadership in Poland? What should the scope and characteristics of the new Polish state in their view be? What kind of relations should Poland have with neighbouring states, as well as within, among its various populations and societies? The paper explores the changing answers given by different political Jewish leadership in a period of liminality – the interval between two stages and two distinct situations: the imperial order (Austrian and Russian) and the Polish national state. It examines Galicia and the Congress Poland from 1914 to 1918 when the territory was disputed among different empires and nations and its fate was far from clear. The article claims that the different visions of Poland presented by the Jewish leadership were grounded in two assumptions. The first was that the Jews as an integral part of society were legitimately entitled to express their own vision of the future state, the second – that the Jews, as an integral part of society, were entitled to equality on all levels of social life. That is the reason, the article claims, behind the demands for a fair distribution of the state’s resources regardless the mother tongue, religion, or ethno-national identification. The efforts the leaders of the Polish Jewry made to include the Jews as a minority group equal to others in the Polish state took place in the framework of the ethno-national ethos as the constitutive principle of state-building. The changing political circumstances and the growing hegemonic discourse based on the nation and nationality brought, claims the article, to the raising of a new Jewish national leadership during World War I. This leadership became convinced that, in the light of the discriminatory policies and growing anti-Jewish violence, only a mechanism of minority rights could guarantee Jewish existence in Poland.
Źródło:
Przegląd Humanistyczny; 2019, 63(1 (464)); 39-64
0033-2194
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Humanistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Posługa duszpasterska na frontach I wojny światowej
PASTORAL CARE ON THE FRONT LINES OF WORLD WAR I
Autorzy:
Nabywaniec, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/490008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Teologiczno-Pastoralny im. św. bpa Józefa Sebastiana Pelczara
Tematy:
I wojna światowa
wielka wojna
opieka duszpasterska
kapelani katoliccy
World War I
Great War
pastoral care
Catholic chaplains
Opis:
The premise of this article is to remind and raise awareness of the great role that chaplains played on the fronts of the „Great War“. They served their pastoral ministry in difficult times, not only because of the threat of warfare, but also because of ideological obstacles. In C. K. Austro-Hungarian ministry, religious chaplains had a very high value. Religious elements were included in the text of the soldier’s oath. Chaplains in their sermons encouraged the soldiers to remain faithful to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Each regiment of the Habsburg army had its own chaplain. Overall, there were more than 4,000 military chaplains of all religions and faiths - among them 3500 Catholic chaplains.With the outbreak of war in imperial Germany, the German army invoked not only the young clergy, but also many elderly. In the Prussian army, which represented by far the largest part of the German army, it had 125 protestant chaplains. Their number increased in April 1915, to 372 people and by 1916 it reached 744 chaplains. They were supported by the voluntary parish ministers.In the anticlerical Third Republic of France chaplains were nominally assigned to each squadron, but in August 1914, there were only a hundred. In this situation, at the beginning of August 1914, the Ministry of War approved the nominations for chaplains "volunteers" who were employed in pastoral work on the front. In June of 1918, there was one chaplain for an average of 4000-5000 soldiers, which was insufficient to provide spiritual help. In addition to the Catholic chaplains on the front there were 19,000 priest soldiers, 4,000 seminarians and 7,000 religious novices. An unknown number of nuns, served in the hospitals. The effects of the French chaplains were excellent. Soldiers not close to the Church and religion started to approach God. In 1915 the number of soldiers taking communion and attending Masses increased.At the commencement of hostilities, there were 89 Anglican, 17 Catholic and 11 Presbyterian chaplains in the British Army. Only 12 of them were sent to France. The others were only able to serve in the country or overseas garrisons. Chief Chaplain of all the main Christian denominations was Dr. John Simms, an Irish Presbyterian. In 1915, about 45 000 Irish Catholics joined the British Army. They needed Catholic priests. They were finding such a service in the garrison towns, but they did not have it on the front. Irish hierarchy had no influence, as the military ministry was controlled by the Archbishop of Westminster. Irish soldiers used the ministry of Irish or non-Irish chaplains whoever were serving in a particular place. Austro-Hungary was during the war, the enemy of the British. This proved to be a problem for the Irish Catholics, because the Habsburg Empire was seen as an important European Catholic power. The presence of chaplains clearly affected the morale of the Irish soldiers. Unfortunately, the bishops did not always send their military service volunteers who were eligible for this task. Irish Chaplains were overworked. Some of the Irish chaplains were captured. They undertook activities in exchange for the release of their compatriots from POW camps. The Irish Catholic Church did not support the war effort in Britain, in the same way as the Church of Ireland, the Presbyterian Church in Ireland and even the Catholic Church in the rest of the UK. For various reasons, some Irish priests actively worked against the efforts of the war, which had a negative impact on the number of priests who volunteered as a chaplain in the British Army. Although Catholicism was the religion of the minority in the British Isles, War I reinforced their belief. In historiography, a lot of myths and misconceptions were accumulated relating to the British during World War I.The most damaging of these messages were that military chaplains lurked at the rear, while the soldiers fought and died in the trenches on the front.Many historians of the Great War emphasized the religiosity of the Italian soldiers. The army of the Kingdom of Sardinia functioned military chaplains, called "elemosinieri", but after 1866, due to the antagonism between the Church and the State, they were expelled from the army. In the face of Italy joining the Great War, the catholic Chief of Staff, General Luigi Cadorna restored religious service in the army. High Command facilitated the activities of chaplains in the belief that they would raise the soldiers’ spirts and discipline. Followers of the Waldensian Evangelical Church, Baptist Church and the Jewish had their own chaplains. Many chaplains served by the motives of sincere love were guided by the desire to proclaim the Gospel. Some of them remained in contact with the soldiers who fought, not wanting to remain in the comfort of hospitals. They often switched between the soldiers and their families. Chaplains were men of the Church, but they were also soldiers, who in moments of extreme danger during the fight went to the trenches to comfort the dying, and even in the event of the death of an officer to replace him in command. Many chaplains earned great respect and admiration from the ranks of combatants.
Źródło:
Resovia Sacra : Studia Teologiczno-Filozoficzne Diecezji Rzeszowskiej; 2016, 23; 213-228
1234-8880
Pojawia się w:
Resovia Sacra : Studia Teologiczno-Filozoficzne Diecezji Rzeszowskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
German Gymnastics Association (Deutsche Turnerschaft) in Relation to Sport Movement in Germany before the World War I
Autorzy:
Stępiński, Miłosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1055060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
Deutsche Turnerschaft
German Gymnastics Association
German sports
II German Empire
Olympic Games
Turnverein movement
Opis:
Modern physical culture was one of the many important processes that have taken over the political, social, and cultural life in Germany in the second half of the 19th century. At the turn of the 19th century in Germany, two big middle-class organizations have been formed to deal with physical activity affairs: the German Gymnastics Association (Deutsche Turnerschaft; the Turnverein) and dynamically-growing English sports. The paper demonstrates the relations between the Turnverein movement and the world of sport in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. The German Gymnastics Association, an organization founded in the 60s of the 19th century, had long-time achievements initiated by the work of Friedrich Ludwig Jahn. Simultaneously, the world of sport in Germany was concentrated on the newly-founded in 1904 German Olympics Committee – primary organization bringing together several various federations of sport disciplines. It was an organization primarily brought into existence to coordinate the debut appearance of the German Empire in the restored by P. Coubertain Olympic Games.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine; 2015, 9, 1; 97-103
2300-9705
2353-2807
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sprawy polskie w Kanadzie w czasie I wojny światowej
Polish Issues in Canada During World War I
Autorzy:
Reczyńska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/580269.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
I WOJNA ŚWIATOWA
DIASPORA POLSKA W KANADZIE
NIAGARA-ON-THE-LAKE CAMP
ARMIA HALLERA
PUŁKOWNIK ARTHUR D’ORR LEPAN
WORLD WAR I
POLISH DIASPORA IN CANADA
HALLER’S ARMY
COLONEL ARTHUR D’ORR LEPAN
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia kilka przykładów obrazujących oddziaływanie wydarzeń I wojny światowej na żyjących w Kanadzie polskich imigrantów, pozycję polskiej grupy etnicznej w tym kraju oraz na aktywność osób polskiego pochodzenia na rzecz rekrutacji do wojska polskiego w Ameryce Północnej. Polaków, którzy byli poddanymi Niemiec lub monarchii austro-wegierskiej traktowano jak przedstawicieli państw wrogich. Mieli obowiązek rejestracji i regularnego zgłaszania się na policję a niektórzy zostali internowani w stworzonych w czasie wojny obozach pracy. Część z nich była z tych obozów zwolniona po interwencji polskich organizacji i polskich duchownych. Żołnierze polskiego pochodzenia, zarówno ochotnicy jak i poborowi, znaleźli się także w oddziałach Kanadyjskich Sił Ekspedycyjnych walczących w Europie. Ponad 20 tys. polskich ochotników z USA (w tym ponad 200 z Kanady) zgłosiło się też do obozu szkoleniowego utworzonego w Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, przy granicy z USA. Problemy z organizacją i funkcjonowaniem tego obozu oraz opinie o polskich ochotnikach, kształtowały nastawienie wielu Kanadyjczyków do polskiej grupy etnicznej i nowotworzonego Państwa Polskiego.
The article presents the impact of World War I on Polish immigrants in Canada, the position of the Polish ethnic group in this country and the efforts of persons of Polish descent in regard to recruitment for the Polish Army in North America. Poles, who were subjects of Germany or the AustroHungarian Empire were treated as enemy aliens. Those people were forced to register and report to the police on a regular basis and some of them were interned in labour camps during the war. Some were released from the camps after an intervention of Polish organizations and priests. Soldiers of Polish descent, volunteers and recruits also fought in the Canadian Expeditionary Forces in Europe. Over 20,000 Polish volunteers from the US (including over 200 from Canada) enrolled in a training camp formed in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario on the border with the US. The problems with the organization and functioning of the camp, and opinions on Polish volunteers shaped the attitude of many Canadians towards the Polish diaspora and the newly established Polish state.
Źródło:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2020, 46, 2 (176); 227-245
2081-4488
2544-4972
Pojawia się w:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lewis Namier, the Curzon Line, and the shaping of Poland’s eastern frontier after World War I
Autorzy:
Rusin, Bartłomiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653886.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Polish eastern border
“Curzon line”
Paris Peace Conference
Eastern Galicia
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to clarify the role of Lewis Namier, a Foreign Office expert on Polish affairs, and his contribution to the drawing of the “Curzon Line” – the Polish‑Ukrainian border in Eastern Galicia after World War I. Namier was of Polish‑Jewish descent, and he has gone down in Polish historiography as a man of rabidly anti‑Polish inclination; during the war and later at the Versailles Peace Conference, he consistently opposed Poland’s expansion in eastern Europe, notably propagating the view that the whole of the territory known as Kresy – the Eastern Marchlands – should be severed from Poland. His concepts and activities were in tune with the general thrust of British policy towards Poland, though it seems that he was not the eminence grise in Lloyd George’s cabinet in this question, but merely a convenient supplier of anti‑Polish arguments. This analysis aims at proving that the great role attributed to Namier in Polish historiography is exaggerated and it was not he – as is commonly believed – who was the actual author of the Curzon Line, and it was not he who inserted it into the famous note sent from Spa to the Bolsheviks in July 1920.
Źródło:
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej; 2013, 48
2353-6403
1230-5057
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geopolityczne zanczenie Kaukazu Północnego po I wojnie światowej
Geopolitical importance of the South Caucasus after World War I
Autorzy:
Olszewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/540373.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geopolityczne
Opis:
The main subject of the article is to present role in international relations of three inde-pendent republics of South Caucasus: Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, existing in 1918-1921. Due to the geostrategic importance of the Southern Caucasus aroused great interest of superpowers: the United Kingdom, France, Italy and the United States. A special role in this region play Great Britain, whose troops were stationed in the republics of South Caucasus in 1919. Initially, the governments of the victorious powers did not recognize the inde-pendence of the South Caucasus states, because they considered this area as a part of Russia. This was due to support by Western governments Volunteer Army, operating in the North Caucasus and fought against the Bolsheviks. The command of this formation did not re-cognize the independence of the South Caucasus countries. Southern-Caucasus policy of the victorious powers was changed at the turn of 1919 and 1920, the Volunteer Army began to suffer defeats in battles with troops of Soviet Russia. The growing threat of dependence on Russia’s South Caucasus republics led Bolshevik, that the victorious powers in January 1920, recognized governments of Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, and gave them military aid. However, Soviet Russia's military superiority meant that the actions of Western coun-tries did not have much practical significance, and finally to March 1921, the entire South-ern Caucasus was sovietized.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geopolityczny; 2011, 4; 75-93
2080-8836
2392-067X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geopolityczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
I wojna światowa w Hymnach Józefa Wittlina. Poetyka odwrócenia
World War I in Hymns Joseph Wittlin. Poetics reversal
Autorzy:
Nowicka, Daria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1108736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
World War I
anthem
catastrophism
poetry rescuing
religious poetry
carnality
fragment
memory
trauma
poetics of reversal
I wojna światowa
hymn
katastrofizm
poezja ocalająca
poezja religijna
cielesność
pamięć
zwrot poetycki
Opis:
Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę spojrzenia na Hymny Józefa Wittlina przez kategorie cielesności i fragmentaryczności. Lektura wybranych utworów Wittlina pozwala zauważyć konieczność wyjścia poza ramy klasycznego hymnu religijnego, pokasprowiczowskiego. W artykule opisano problem osobnej tożsamości podmiotu, uwikłanego w wojenną traumę. Poezja Józefa Wittlina odkrywa miejsca nieokreślone na mapie literackiej, wskazuje na kategorię paradoksu i powtórzenia. Hymny to utwory funkcjonujące na granicy sacrum i profanum, polemiczne.
The article presented below tries to analize at Hymns Joseph Wittlin’s anthems through categories of corporeality and fragmentariness. Reading of Wittlins’ chosen works makes us able to notice the necessarity of moving beyond the classical framework of the religious anthem. The article describes the problem of the separate identity of the person, who experiences the trauma of war. The Wittlins analysed prose reveals the uncovered places on the literary map, which points to the category of paradox and repetition. Hymns function on the line of the sacred and the profane.
Źródło:
Polonistyka. Innowacje; 2016, 3; 23-34
2450-6435
Pojawia się w:
Polonistyka. Innowacje
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kampanie morskie od I wojny światowej do dzisiaj
Sea combat from World War I to the present day
Autorzy:
Jackson, Robert (1941- ).
Współwytwórcy:
Dobrzyński, Jarosław. Tłumaczenie
Oficyna Wydawnicza "Alma-Press". Wydawca
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Warszawa : Oficyna Wydawnicza Alma-Press
Tematy:
Marynarka wojenna
Operacje morskie
Okręty
Publikacja bogato ilustrowana
Opracowanie
Opis:
Indeks.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Książka
Tytuł:
Karaimi w Wilnie do wybuchu I wojny światowej
Karaims in Vilnius Through the Outbreak of World War I
Autorzy:
Gąsiorowski, Stefan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/440349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Związek Karaimów Polskich. Karaimska Oficyna Wydawnicza Bitik
Tematy:
Wilno
osadnictwo
zabór rosyjski
wojsko
cmentarz
dom modlitwy
Karaimi
Vilnius
immigration
military
cementary
house of prayer
Russian partitions of Poland
Karaims
Opis:
This article explores the history of the Karaim community in Vilnius, from its beginnings up to the outbreak of World War I. A Karaim community was present in Vilnius in the 19th century, when the city came under Russian rule. They were attracted by the opportunities the city offered in terms of a better education and well-paid jobs. Some of them settled in Vilnius because of military service. They originated mainly from Trakai and nearby villages, but others came from all over the Russian Empire. The Karaim community developedgradually, and over the course of time Karaims established a presence not only in the local military garrison, but also in schools, government offices, and markets. Soon, it was necessary to erect a Karaim temple and cemetery, which was done thanks to the backing of the city authorities and the financial support of all Karaim communities in Russia. However, an independent Karaim community was only established later in the 20th century.
Artykuł dotyczy dziejów społeczności karaimskiej w Wilnie od czasów zamierzchłych do wybuchu I wojny światowej, który to temat nie był dotychczas w kręgu zainteresowania nauki polskiej czy obcej. Nie można mówić o osadnictwie Karaimów w Wilnie w okresie średniowiecza czy czasach nowożytnych, ponieważ nastąpiło ono dopiero w XIX wieku, kiedy miasto to znalazło się pod zaborem rosyjskim. Do prężnie rozwijającej się stolicy Litwy przyciągała ich potrzeba lepszej edukacji i możliwości uzyskania dobrze płatnej pracy, a czasem wojskowy przydział. Docierali tam Karaimi głównie z pobliskich Trok i okolicznych wsi oraz z całego rosyjskiego imperium. Społeczność ta rozwijała się stopniowo i była coraz bardziej widoczna nie tylko w miejscowym wojskowym garnizonie, ale w także w szkołach, urzędach, na ulicach i targach miasta. Szybko pojawiła się również potrzeba wzniesienia własnego domu modlitwy i cmentarza, co udało się zrealizować dzięki przychylności władz miasta i wsparciu finansowym wszystkich gmin karaimskich w Rosji. Jednak własną niezależną gminę wileńscy Karaimi utworzyli dopiero w latach 20. XX wieku.
Źródło:
Almanach Karaimski; 2018, 7; 67-82
2300-8164
Pojawia się w:
Almanach Karaimski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
I wojna światowa i sposób jej przedstawienia na przykładzie opowiadania Maksima Hareckiego Litewski chutorek
Maksim Harecki’s Litewski chutorek: World War I and how it is presented in this short story
Autorzy:
Drozd, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/481291.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-03-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
World War I
civilians
consequences
Belarusian literature
Opis:
Maksim Harecki introduced the subject of war to Belarusian literature. This story, analysed broadly, shows the consequences of the war for each party in the conflict. This is seen in the construction of the story, based on contrast and the diversified language of the narrative.
Źródło:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica; 2018, 1, XXIII; 19-28
1427-549X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Polono-Ruthenica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prasa szwajcarska o Polakach w dobie I wojny światowej
Image of Poles in World War I-era Swiss Press
Autorzy:
Bednarz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/477469.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
Tematy:
prasa szwajcarska
niepodległość Polski
I wojna światowa
Swiss press
independence of Poland
World War I
Opis:
Among the many subjects discussed in the Swiss press during World War I, one of the most interesting was that of foreigners. It was usually analysed in terms of the impact of their presence on Swiss domestic, foreign or even economic policies. Sometimes, however, these articles had a slightly different purpose; those devoted to Poles were such a case. They were consistent with a widespread propaganda campaign aimed at preparing the public opinion to accept and support idea of the independence of the Polish state. The articles devoted to the Polish issue can be divided into several groups. Chronologically, the first type to appear were reports of humanitarian actions conducted on Polish soil. As this theme was deeply embedded in Switzerland’s ethic, it managed to impress the local readers, thus quickly becoming a foundation of the pro-Polish campaign. Poland’s independence was supposed to prevent the recurrence of the tragic events of 1914–1918, when Poles were often forced to fight against each other, while their country was being ruined by a war conducted in someone else’s interests. Humanitarian issues were therefore raised particularly frequently. The second important group of articles were those devoted to Poland’s eminent cultural and scientific personalities, both living and deceased. They were meant to create a positive image of the Poles, as a nation that brought outstanding individuals to European culture and thus deserved independence and unrestricted development. The third group of articles familiarised the Swiss readers with the Polish political scene, both in Poland proper and in exile. The selective nature of the information provided, as well as the usually favourable narrative, created a relatively positive image of the Polish political class, which was to augur well for the political life of the reborn country. And finally, the fourth group consisted of articles describing the Polish province and the customs of its population, as well as its economic potential. These portrayals often covered important ethnicity-related issues. The coexistence of Poles, Jews, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Germans, Belarusians and Russians in the same territory turned out to be an appealing topic for the inhabitants of a multicultural Switzerland, and served as evidence of the readiness of the Polish nation towards building a modern, multinational state. The articles devoted to Poles published during World War I should be perceived as a long-term informational campaign conveying a specific message. The Swiss public opinion strongly supported the idea of Polish statehood, which was most often seen as a crucial factor for the peaceful functioning of Europe in post-war conditions. Such propaganda was carried out by almost all significant Swiss periodicals, although to varying degrees.
Źródło:
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość; 2018, 31; 122-137
1427-7476
Pojawia się w:
Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transformation of stereotypical perception of „the image of Poles” in the Russian Empire society during the World War I
Autorzy:
Bilobrovets, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668337.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Russian Empire
the image of the Pole
loyalty
World War І
Opis:
The cohabitation of different nations in the border of one state creates certain ethnic, social, mental collective nation’s image which changes very slowly. These processes are enhanced during the global historical processes with significant devastating effects which lead to an alteration in public consciousness.During World War І, under the influence of the external crisis circumstances, the necessity to take into account the strategic interests and fundamental values of the nations involved in the war, led to a change in perception of the image of the Pole. The image of a Pole as a disloyal person to Russian statehood had changed into the image of a true confederate in the mutual striving with the enemy.Perception of the Poles as partners in state‑building and international cohabitation became possible only due to global geopolitical changes, the policy of powerful nations, including the Polish territory and the ability of Polish political powers to consolidate their efforts around the idea of statehood restoration.
Źródło:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2017, 7, 2
2391-6559
2083-8018
Pojawia się w:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem przynależności państwowej Vorarlberga po I wojnie światowej
The Problem of Vorarlberg’s State Affiliation after World War I
Autorzy:
Jeziorny, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
Vorarlberg was a small (2600 km2 i 144 000 inhabitants), most Western land of Austria-Hungary. After the breakup of the Habsburg Monarchy the population of Vorarlberg tended to join Swiss Confederation. Incorporation into wealthier neighbour state was regarded as a possibility to avoid postwar extreme poverty that threatened German Austria. The inclination towards unification with Switzerland grew and achieved its top in May 1919, when the plebiscite was organised. 80% of people voted for joining the Swiss Confederation. The Swiss government (Federal Council) was very reserved towards the Vorarlberger’s steps. They did not say „no” because they were afraid of incorporation that land into Germany. It must be stated clearly that the German influence and propaganda in Vorarlberg grew. Berlin knew the Entente will forbid the Anschluss of whole Austria but did not expect any problem in incorporation of a small land. It was very important strategical point of Europe. The Auswärtiges Amt regarded it as "a key to Austria". Its incorporation to Germany would threaten the Swiss strategical position and take back very large part of Swiss income that was received from railway payments (France would not be interested to use the Swiss railways in communication with the East if the ommiting of German ones would not be possible after the annexation of Vorarlberg). The Federal Coucil was also affraid of national ideas, namely uniting all Germans in one country. But the Bern government did not say „yes” as well. They regarded the internationally recogniscd neutrality as a priority. And the neutrality was concerned with the strictly determined borders. The Federal Council did not want to lose of neutral status connected with the change the Swiss territory. They also would not want to pay reparation forced on Vorarlberg. The change of national and denominational ballance was vigorously discussed too. But basically the Federal Council did not want to weaken Austria, because such steps could force her to join Germany. All those reasons decided that the Swiss government waited and delay all declarations connected with Vorarlbergers’ will. In such circumstances the Peace Conference in Paris maintained Vorarlberg as a part of the Austrian Republic.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica; 2002, 75; 5-27
0208-6050
2450-6990
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Abschied von Österreich – zur Lyrik der Westukraine im Ersten Weltkrieg
Autorzy:
Woldan, Alois
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/638603.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
World War I, Ukrainian literature, patriotism, pacifism
Opis:
A Farewell to Austria – the Poetry of Western Ukraine during World War I This article tries to sketch the notions concerning World War I present in Ukrainian literature of the time of that conflict. It analyses the poetry of famous authors from an elder generation (B. Lepkyj, P. Karmans’kyj, O. Oles’) as well as the works of rather unknown or forgotten authors from a younger generation (V. Atamanjuk, O. Kobec’). There is a certain shift to be seen between loyalty to the Habsburg Empire, patriotic emphasis when fighting for one’s own homeland within the first years of WWI, and apocalyptic visions as well as pacifistic accents towards the end of the war. Although we can find messianic motifs of suffering (Karmans’kyj) and resurrection (Oles’), no real political future after the war is seen in the works by the quoted authors.
Źródło:
Studia Litteraria Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis; 2013, 8, 4
2084-3933
Pojawia się w:
Studia Litteraria Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czekając na niemieckiego hegemona. Otto von Gierke i koncepcja wojny narzuconej.
Waiting for German Hegemon. Otto von Gierke and the “Imposed War” Concept
Autorzy:
Kopczyński, Mariusz
Tulejski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/596217.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
Otto von Gierke; just war; World War I; imposed war
Opis:
The questions about the causes of the Great War and the responsibility for its outbreak have been the subject of discussion and controversies for one hundred years. In the article, the Authors analyse the concept of the renowned German professor of law Otto von Gierke, who is his three wartime writings presented the original concept of the imposed war. In his opinion, the stance of the Entente states forced Germany to take aggressive actions, which for him were fully justified. As the authors demonstrate, von Gierke claims that such a war must be treated as a just war, in that sense that it is a war between Germany, which represents civilisation, and the anti-civilised allies. Due to this, only a German victory might guarantee a just order to Europe and the whole world. This German peace should influence the fate of the whole continent for a long time. It should also correspond with the worldwide German aspiration as well as with the interest of mankind in abstracto.
Przyczyny Wielkiej Wojny i odpowiedzialność za wybuch ogólnoświatowego konfliktu od stu lat są przedmiotem dyskusji i kontrowersji. W swoim artykule autorzy analizują stanowisko słynnego niemieckiego profesora prawa Otto von Gierke, który w swych trzech pismach wojennych przedstawił oryginalną koncepcję wojny narzuconej. W jego opinii to postawa państw Ententy zmusiła Niemcy do agresywnych poczynań, które jednak są dla niego w pełni uzasadnione. Jak dowodzą autorzy, dla von Gierke wojnę taką należy traktować jako wojnę sprawiedliwą w tym sensie, że jest to wojna pomiędzy reprezentującymi cywilizację Niemcami a antycywilizacyjnymi siłami mocarstw sprzymierzonych. Dlatego tylko zwycięstwo Niemiec może dać Europie i światu sprawiedliwy porządek. Ten niemiecki pokój miał rozstrzygnąć na długi czas o losach całego kontynentu i korespondować zarówno ze światowymi aspiracjami niemczyzny, jak i z interesami in abstracto pojętej ludzkości.
Źródło:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2018, 107; 63-82
0081-6841
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dlaczego niepodległa? Polska i Polacy 1914—1922 Szkic prawno-ustrojowy
Why independent? Poland and Poles 1914—1922 Legal and political sketch
Autorzy:
Makiłła, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Polska
Poles
regaining independence
World War I
Opis:
The article is a legal and political sketch connected with the issue of regaining independence by Poland in 1918. In principle, however, it focuses on questions concerning the causes and reasons that led to, or made possible, the recovery of independence, extending these problems to the years 1914—1922, when a complicated process of national revival took place during World War I, up to the moment when the Polish state was fully formed in 1922.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 459-473
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Okoliczności budowy stosunków dyplomatycznych pomiędzy Polską a Jugosławią w 1918 roku
Circumstances of establishment of diplomatic relations between Poland and Yugoslavia in 1918
Autorzy:
Morawski, Konrad Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/519540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
World War I
diplomatic relations
Polska
Yugoslavia
Opis:
Officially, diplomatic relations between Poland and Yugoslavia commenced mid-January 1919. However, representatives of both countries had established and nurtured close cooperation already in the last quarter of 1918. As a matter of fact, the Polish and Serbian nations established some forms of cooperation with in the mid-nineteenth century, when both sought to implement major policy objectives. Circumstances surrounding the establishment of Polish-Yugoslavian diplomatic relations were reflected in the complicated political situation of both the Polish and Yugoslav peoples after the end of World War I. The present study focuses mainly on this particular issue and its aspects.
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2013, 10(17); 95-114
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy wolno się śmiać na wojnie? Wokół warszawskiej kariery teatru „drugiego nurtu” w latach 1914–1918 (oczami wybranych satyryków i krytyków literackich)
Autorzy:
Niewiarowska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1186440.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
World War I
comedy
cabaret
theater
national discourse
Opis:
The article is dedicated to the phenomenon of development of the ‘second current’ theater (popular and music hall scenes) in the years 1914–1918. Having remained unexplored until now, the phenomenon has been analyzed in view of its perception (statements of literary critics, journalism, memories of authors of cabaret scenes), primarily interpreted against the background of various theories of laugh, comedy and cabaret (Bergson, Eco, Fleischer, Simmel, Żygulski). The main thesis of the article is that cabaret work developed in contrast to official war culture and performed not only the compensatory function, but also guaranteed a cultural promotion for new receivers and created new experience for communities. In this way it contributed to the democratization of culture and enhanced the processes of differentiation of literary circulation. By creating a discursive space of liminal character, it facilitated the emergence of new patterns of behavior (including political and civic ones) as well as new kind of social bonds, characteristic of the Polish culture in the interwar period.
Źródło:
Załącznik Kulturoznawczy; 2020, 7; 407-427
2392-2338
Pojawia się w:
Załącznik Kulturoznawczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Taniec furii : wybuch pierwszej wojny światowej oczami Europejczyków
Dance of the furies : Europe and the outbreak of World War I
Autorzy:
Neiberg, Michael Scott (1969- ).
Współwytwórcy:
Gutowska-Nowak, Barbara. Tłumaczenie
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo. pbl
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Kraków : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Polityka międzynarodowa 1914-1918 r.
I wojna światowa (1914-1918)
Geneza
Socjologia
Opinia publiczna
Opis:
Indeks.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Książka
Tytuł:
Gmina Starozakonnych miasta Łodzi w latach I wojny światowej
The Jewish Community in the city of Łódź during World War I
Autorzy:
Łapa, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19957118.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
In 1914 The Jewish Community in the city of Łódź was comprised of 162,500 residents. During the Great War that number dropped to 137,200 people, which equaled 40.1% of the total population of Łódź. The beginning of World War I saw the municipality in conflict over the recent election of a local rabbi, Lejzor Trajstman, and weakened by the absence of the Community Board. The new Community Board elections (conducted on 25th October 1914) as well as the introduction of new laws by the German occupants regulating activity in the Jewish communities inside the area of the administrative district of the General Government of Warsaw allowed the municipality to function as efficiently as was possible. The new laws placed the responsibility for social welfare of the co-religionists on the Community Board. This became the central element of all decisions and actions of the Community Board body between 1914 and 1918. First and foremost, it was necessary to combat the ubiquitous poverty, hunger, and unemployment. With the help of its agencies and other subsidized institutions, the Jewish Community attempted to reach the most needy. It funded the pre-existing charitable organizations, hospitals, and shelters. It began to organize help for orphaned children placing them with Łódź families and newly established orphanages. In order to ease the life of its poorest, it created cheap soup kitchens and teahouses. It also supplied the co-religionists with fuel for stoves, Passover bread, and other holiday products. Despite all the efforts, however, the municipal government and the rabbis, including the head rabbi Lejzor Trajstman, did not manage to meet social expectations. As existing sources indicate, modest funds were only sufficient to satisfy a small fraction of the community’s needs. The ongoing war with all its deprivations pauperized the Jewish population and deepened the level of poverty, malnutrition, and disease.
Źródło:
Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku; 2013, 11; 45-65
2450-6796
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
GOSPODARKA I SPOŁECZEŃSTWO CARSKIEJ ROSJI WOBEC PRZYSZŁEJ WOJNY TOTALNEJ. PREDYKCJE JANA GOTTLIEBA BLOCHA
ECONOMY AND SOCIETY OF TSARIST RUSSIA TOWARDS THE FUTURE TOTAL WAR. PREDICTIONS OF JOHN BLOCH
Autorzy:
Pieczewski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513553.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
World War I
economy of Tsarist Russia
John Bloch
Opis:
The aim of this article is to present John Bloch’s (1863–1902) analysis contained in the book Future War. This analyses concerns the behavior of Russian economy and society in the context of future total war (WWI). The author concludes that Tsarist Russia should better overcome war difficulties than other Western European countries. His claims were based on assumptions that societies of richer countries would hardly bear the inconvenience the war brings them. The poorer and less civilized Russian society and less developed Tsarist economy could bear more. Therefore Bloch claimed that the threat of socialist revolution refered more to Western Europe. His predictions turned out to be false. Financing and food supply for the large Russian army led to the impoverishment of society and hunger. As a result, the socialist revolution broke out in Tsarist Russia.
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2015, 13, 2; 113-125 (13)
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obóz narodowy w Lublinie na początku I wojny światowej
The National Camp in Lublin at the Beginning of World War I
Autorzy:
Ryba, Mieczysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Obóz narodowo-demokratyczny
Pasywiści
aktywiści
„Głos Lubelski”
National-Democratic Camp
Passivists
Activists
`Głos Lubelski'
Opis:
The article analyses the thought and political activities of the National Democrats at the time when Russia was the crucial factor in the Lublin district at the beginning of the war. The national circles with anti-German attitudes were in a very difficult situation looking for a rational way of settling their relations with Russians. The Lublin polititians did not undertake any loyalist actions towards the invader but they tried to find a reasonable way of putting into effect the very favourable for Poland proclamation by the Russian army commander-in-chief, Nikolai Nikolaievitch who promised the Poles great advantages when the war is over (autonomy, unification of all the Polish lands under the czar's rule). The Russians' ambiguous behaviour ending in a whole series of actions against the Polish interests (the issue of the Chełm district and Podlasie, the issue of eastern Galicia) led to a breakdown in the nationalists' policies after the central states' troops marched into Poland in the summer of 1915, giving the Poles tempting promises. The National Democrats had to slowly try to regain their standing, which became fully possible after Germany's true intentions with respect to Central Europe were revealed in the Treaty of Brześć (February 1918).
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2002, 50, 2; 137-147
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
RAPORTY O ANTYSEMICKICH WYSTĄPIENIACH W POLSCE PO I WOJNIE ŚWIATOWEJ
REPORTS OF ANTI-JEWISH ACTIONS IN POLAND AFTER WORLD WAR I
Autorzy:
Jastrząb, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/510247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Biblioteka Kórnicka PAN
Opis:
The article presents sources concerning the situation of the Jewish community in Poland in the independence-formation period. The documents were most probably drawn up by the Polish Ministry for Foreign Affairs and sent to the Polish Mission in Rome. Illustrative reports from the activity of foreign commissions: the US commission led by Henry Morgenthau and the British commission led by Stewart M. Samuel (which investigated the reported cases of pogroms and the persecution of Jews for several months in 1919) as well as a report by Peter Wright, a member of the British commission, were published. The reports have a high educational and historical value, since they present a rather balanced approach, and conclude that there were no pogroms, that the poor situation of Jews resulted from the generally disastrous condition of our country, which was devastated by the war, and that their accusations against the Polish government had proved to be groundless. The published documents are an interesting picture of the situation of the Republic of Poland, which was experiencing a rebirth after 123 years.
Źródło:
Pamiętnik Biblioteki Kórnickiej; 2015, 32; 199-250
0551-3790
Pojawia się w:
Pamiętnik Biblioteki Kórnickiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
John Bloch’s The Future of War Pacifism Based on Economics
Autorzy:
Pieczewski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/652660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
World War I
pacifism
economics
B31
N43
Opis:
John Bloch (1839–1902) was a railroad tycoon, banker, social activist, philanthropist and man of science. He was shortlisted for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 for his multi-volume work entitled The Future of War in its Technical, Economic and Political Relations, which was dubbed ‘the bible of pacifism.’ Thanks to his multilayered activities he perfectly fits the positivist ideals of his time. Despite this, due to the course of history and ‘unfavourable circumstances’ for featuring his figure, for decades he was largely forgotten.The goal of this article is to present Jon Bloch and his works in the fields of entrepreneurship, science and most of all his attempts in aid of peace. I will present his major pacifist hypotheses and arguments which are included in his work The Future of War. The author substituted the usual religious and humanitarian arguments in aid of peace, with economic assertions. Published in many languages, the book became essential reading for the intellectuals and politicians at the break of 20th c., while Bloch gained the nickname of ‘the father of contemporary pacifism.’ In order to verify the legitimacy of this claim I will contrast Bloch’s work to a work entitled The Great Illusion, by Norman Angell. Published in 1909, eleven years after the first publication of The Future of War, Angell’s The Great Illusion is wellknown to the Anglo-Saxon readership.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2016, 19, 4
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Front zachodni 1914-1916 : od planu Schlieffena do Verdun i Sommy
History of World War I : the Western Front 1914-1916
Autorzy:
Neiberg, Michael Scott (1969- ).
Współwytwórcy:
Showalter, Dennis E. (1942- ). Przedmowa
Radomski, Norbert. Tłumaczenie
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Poznań : Dom Wydawniczy REBIS
Tematy:
I wojna światowa (1914-1918)
Opis:
Druk dwuszpaltowy. Mapy na wyklejkach.
Bibliogr. s. [220]. Indeks.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Książka
Tytuł:
„[…] warum schläft denn nimmer nur mir in der Brust ein Stachel?” Ernst Wiecherts Prosawerk der 30er Jahre
“[…] warum schläft denn nimmer nur mir in der Brust ein Stachel?” Ernst Wiechert’s prose works in the 1930s
Autorzy:
Gajdis, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/967390.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Ernst Wiechert
Inner Emigration
East Prussia
World War I
Opis:
Ernst Wiechert’s prose written in the 1930s is best symbolized by Friedrich Hölderlin’s poem "Abendphantasie" (1799), in which the persona describes his loneliness and resignation, describing them as a thorn in his chest. The question of the identification of these feelings with the East Prussian writer is a major problem raised in the article. Wiechert certainly belongs to the group of writers associated with the so called Inner Emigration, and the studies by Herbert Wiesner, Ralf Schnell, Reinhold Grimm and Friedrich Denka support this thesis. Also, the method developed by Hubert Orlowski allows us to include or exclude literary works from inner emigration literature. This method turns out to be helpful in the interpretation of Wiechert’s works. Moreover, the question of Wiechert’s position on National Socialism is considered, which is full of contradictions, as well as his coming close to the Inner Emigration. On the basis of selected prose works created in the 1930s (e.g. "Die Hirtennovelle", "Die Majorin"), the writer’s evolution from the ‘breakthrough of grace’ to becoming an inner emigrant will be presented. Particularly noteworthy are some relevant themes in his works such as World War I, the mother figure as a prefiguration of the ‘Great Mother’ myth, the writer’s stand on National Socialism or the Mazurian landscape.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica; 2015, 11; 169-177
2449-6820
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niepokoje o post-człowieczeństwo: Witkacy i Wyndham Lewis a doświadczenie Wielkiej Wojny
Autorzy:
Curyłło-Klag, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/636908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Witkacy, Wyndham Lewis, World War I, posthumanity, dystopia, modernism
Opis:
The following article discusses the impact of the First World War on the work of Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (Witkacy), and a British modernist polymath, Wyndham Lewis. Both artists took part in the combat on the Eastern and Western Fronts respectively, which proved to be a transformative experience and informed their creation during and after the war. Dissatisfied with the development of the avant-garde he had once helped to establish, Wyndham Lewis departed from mainstream modernism by exploring the legacy of wartime violence and by styling himself as a counter-cultural figure. Likewise, Witkacy swam against the tide of optimism, prevalent in the newly restored Polish state. His writings and paintings offered visions of the world shattered beyond repair, where the only possible kind of existence is in fact pseudomorphic and where happiness is achieved through a suspension of critical faculties, or by sinking to the level of beasts consciously.
Źródło:
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy; 2014, 4(22)
1895-975X
2084-3860
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pierwsza wojna światowa w pamięci Brytyjczyków w okresie międzywojennym
World War I in the memories of the British in the interwar period
Autorzy:
Parafianowicz, Halina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
World War I
Great Britain
memorials
memory
red poppies
remembrance
Opis:
Anniversary rituals commemorating WWI in the form of very symbolic red poppies developed in Great Britain in 1918-1921 and are still continued today. In the interwar period, the Great War memory was particularly dynamically commemorated because veterans, participants and witnesses of the war together with their families and friends who remembered the war were still alive and took part in anniversary rituals, particularly at the Cenotaph and Tomb of Unknown Soldier in Westminster Abbey, as well as celebrations held in the Empire’s military cemeteries. Official celebrations were always accompanied by a certain ideological message to justify the sense of immense losses suffered in result of this unreasonable carnage. For this reason, the ideal of a “honorable gentleman” and honors for serving the King and Country dominated a verbal message of the Great War, which was also reflected in the form, shape, epitaphs and inscriptions on thousands of then erected memorials and in military cemeteries in Europe and all over the world. The British memory of the Great War and the way it was commemorated, however, was diversified from the very beginning, which was confirmed, among others, by an apparent dichotomy between rituals and ceremonies held by the veterans and civilians, or war memories of men and women, as well as its image depicted in the literature and historiography shaping the picture and memory of these events.
Źródło:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne; 2017, 15
1425-1930
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Teki Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stowarzyszenie Patriotyczno-Religijne „Eleusis” w latach 1902-1914, Teresa Podgórska, Lublin 1999, Redakcja Wydawnictw KUL, 157 s. + il.
Autorzy:
Flaga, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038173.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Eleusis
historia
I wojna światowa
history
World War I
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 1999, 72; 495-496
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relikty działań wojennych zarejestrowanych podczas badań archeologicznych na stanowisku militarnym 1–24 w Lesie Puławskim
Warfare remains found during archaeological research on a military site 1-24 in Las Puławski
Autorzy:
Mazurek, Mirosław
Muzolf, Przemysław
Sznajdrowska-Pondel, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/896895.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
military site
World War I
World War II
field fortifications
Opis:
In 2016, during excavations on a military site, part 1-24, in Las Puławski, a number of remains connected with the 20th century warfare were found. The field fortifications included front-line trenches, communication trenches and shelters. The analysis of their size and function and the artefacts found in the fills indicate that only one of the fortifications may be connected with World War I. The rest of the trenches were built by the 1st Polish Army, which operated in the area in July and August 1944, during an unsuccessful attempt to cross the Vistula River between Puławy and Dęblin.
Źródło:
Raport; 2017, 12; 199-212
2300-0511
Pojawia się w:
Raport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-50 z 809

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