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Tytuł:
The international trade policy in the american political system
Autorzy:
Ogrodniczuk, Malenia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/540389.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geopolityczne
Tematy:
foreign trade
trade policy constitution
Congress
president
Opis:
United States foreign policy, including trade policy, is a complicated process, complex mechanism, with many institutions participating. There are many participants in the process of US foreign trade policy-making. The article focuses on the description of the most important players in the foreign trade policy game and their influence on the subject.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geopolityczny; 2015, 12; 159-172
2080-8836
2392-067X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geopolityczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trade Policy Barriers: An Obstacle to Export Diversification in Eurasia
Autorzy:
Cusolito, Ana Paula
Hollweg, Claire H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/565656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
Export diversification
trade policy barriers
tariffs
non-tariff measures
preferential trade agreements
Opis:
Despite trade liberalization efforts made by Eurasian countries, the export structure of the region shows significant levels of concentration across export destinations. To shed light on this observation, this research analyzes trade policy barriers in Eurasia, East Asia and the Pacific, and the European Union. Using the most recent data from sources including the World Trade Organization, the United Nations, and the World Bank – including the Overall Trade Restrictiveness Indices, the Services Trade Restrictions Database, and the Temporary Trade Barriers Database – the role of tariffs, non-tariff measures, temporary trade barriers, trade agreements, and trade barriers in services are explored to explain the lack of diversification by destination. Several conclusions can be drawn from the analysis. First, China, Korea, and Japan, as well as the European Union, impose high levels of protection on products of animal origin, which may explain the lack of Eurasian export diversification toward the East Asia and the Pacific and the European Union regions. It also highlights the potential benefits of diversifying the structure of production in Eurasia toward more sophisticated and technologically intensive goods. Second, the East Asia and the Pacific region (especially China) appears to be more protectionist than the European Union, suggesting a greater challenge for Eurasian countries in diversifying exports to the destination. And third, few or no regional trade agreements exist between Eurasian countries and countries in the European Union or East Asia and the Pacific.
Źródło:
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics; 2015, 2(4); 91-129
2353-6845
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Banking and Financial Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka handlowa w gospodarce kapitalistycznej
Trade Policy in Capitalist Economy
Autorzy:
Nacewski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906114.pdf
Data publikacji:
1981
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
The article discusses the evolution of trade policy in the capitalist economy of the post-war period. The presentation of this evolution in preceded by presentation of the main arguments of supporters of free trade and protectionism. Liberal and protectionist doctrines have been competing for a long time and they were winning recognition in turn in different countries depending upon the economic situation. In the post-war period we have been witnessing, as a rule, a strong trend towards liberalization of the world trade promoted by efforts of such organizations as GATT and the UNCTAD. Among others, as a result of endeavours of these organizations there appeared a modified doctrine of free trade called neoliberalism. Economic recession of 1974—1975 stopped this trend and today we can observe a return to protectionist policy.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 1981, 8
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The specificity of regulatory protectionism in contemporary foreign trade policy
Autorzy:
Puślecki, Zdzisław W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/583714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
foreign trade policy
regulatory protectionism
reducing
regulatory divergence
harmonization
mutual negotiation
Opis:
In this research work, the author focuses on the analysis of the problem of specificity the regulatory protectionism in contemporary foreign trade policy. It has been emphasized that the talks between EU and USA will make reducing regulatory barriers. New agreements to remove trade barriers aim at reducing dead-weight costs and at increasing net social gains from international trade. The article examined the impact of investor-state dispute resolution mechanisms in reducing the power of national governments to regulate and elimination of market inequality. The article offers examples of successful regulatory cooperation efforts in the hope that it will shed light on possible approaches to addressing regulatory divergences. Ideally, the best way to address problems arising from regulatory divergence would be on a multilateral basis. The main aim of the article is the presentation of the specificity of the regulatory protectionism in contemporary foreign trade policy.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2018, 509; 354-372
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka handlowa a polityka konkurencji
Interlinkages between Competition and Trade Policy
Autorzy:
Kuna, Aneta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906378.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Opis:
There is the increasing importance of understanding the link between competition and trade policy and of exploring the gaps and problems that at present exist in the application of these policies. Trade and competition policies are closely related. Competition policy is aimed at ensuring the efficient functioning of markets by the removal or control of restrictive business practices. Trade liberalisation serves to sharpen competition in the domestic markets while barriers to trade which shelter particular domestic industries may have anti-competitive effects on national markets. It has become apparent how closely trade problems are linked with domestic industrial, regional or even macro-economic policies with which competition policy is also concerned. The purpose of this article is to examine both conditions of conflict and conditions of synergy between competition policy and the various instruments of trade policy. The article is organised in three parts. The first one discusses a range of trade policy measures, in particular non-tariff barriers from the perspective of competition policy. The second part is concerned with trade-related competition issues, i.e. those practices by enterprises or, as appropriate, by governments in their commercial activities which fall within the scope of competition policy and which have implications for international trade. The last part deals with the development of international competition policy and the pressure for and against it. It briefly examines the past efforts to reach international understandings on this issue and summarises some of the main existing laws and procedures.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2002, 158
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wyzwania polityki handlowej Nowej Zelandii
The Challenges of New Zealands Trade Policy
Autorzy:
Sierańska, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2092056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Trade policy
Supply chain
Trade exchange
Trade geography
Negotiation strategies
International cooperation
International economic cooperation
Polityka handlowa
Łańcuch dostaw
Wymiana handlowa
Geografia handlu
Strategie negocjacyjne
Współpraca międzynarodowa
Międzynarodowa współpraca gospodarcza
Opis:
W artykule podjęto analizę struktury geograficznej handlu Nowej Zelandii oraz instrumentów polityki handlowej, z których to państwo korzysta, jak również ukazano, że angażuje się ono w pewne działania z zakresu polityki handlowej. Przedstawiono ponadto wpływ uwarunkowań geograficznych na prowadzoną przez Nową Zelandię politykę handlową, w tym na zawieranie bilateralnych i regionalnych umów o wolnym handlu. Podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy wysiłki podejmowane przez ten kraj w celu zwiększenia udziału w międzynarodowej polityce handlowej oraz wymianie handlowej można postrzegać przez pryzmat interesów narodowych. Ze względu na odległość dzielącą Nową Zelandią i Europę naturalnymi partnerami handlowymi NZ są kraje Azji i Pacyfiku. Podkreślone zostały także bliskie więzi Nowej Zelandii z Australią oraz strategie bilateralne, jakie obydwa państwa stosują w procesach negocjacyjnych. W artykule została również przedstawiona transformacja struktury handlu Nowej Zelandii po podpisaniu z Chinami w 2008 r. porozumienia o wolnym handlu, z uwzględnieniem korzyści dla gospodarek obydwu państw, jak i opinii zwolenników i krytyków tej umowy. Współpraca handlowa z państwami członkowskimi UE, choć istotna sama w sobie, z pewnością wejdzie w nową, bardziej dynamiczną fazę, gdy zostanie podpisane i wejdzie w życie porozumienie o wolnym handlu między UE i Nowa Zelandią. Ogromną szansę Nowa Zelandia dostrzega w Partnerstwie Transpacyficznym. (abstrakt oryginalny)
The article analyses the geographical structure of New Zealand's trade and the country's trade policy instruments. I demonstrate that a range of strategic interests may be behind New Zealand's involvement in certain trade activities. The article also presents the significance and impact of New Zealand's geographical factor on the country's trade policy and bilateral and regional free trade agreements. It seeks to determine whether New Zealand's efforts to increase its participation in international trade can be considered from the angle of its national interests. Due to the geographical distance between New Zealand and Europe, the former's principal trading partners are in Asia and the Pacific, with China, Australia, the USA, Japan, South Korea and the UK in the lead. Trade with the European Union, although important, will certainly enter a new dynamic phase once an EU-NZ Free Trade Agreement has been signed. Even after the withdrawal of the USA from the TransPacific Partnership (TPP), New Zealand continues to perceive the TPP as a great opportunity, which, if ratified by all 11 members, could provide the country with access to new absorptive world markets and thus improve the efficiency of its trade policy.(original abstract)
Źródło:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2017, 53, 3; 163-188
0209-0961
Pojawia się w:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rússia e Brasil: Evolução Comercial Recente
Russia and Brazil: Recent Trade Policy
Autorzy:
Koval, Alexandra
Toríbio Dantas, Alexis
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/486371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Rússia
Brasil
política comercial
OMC
integração regional
Russia
Brazil
trade policy
WTO
regional integration
Opis:
Rússia e Brasil são países com grande potencial econômico que desenvolvem sua participação no sistema internacional de comércio de maneira crescente. O artigo analisa comparativamente a evolução recente do comércio destes países, além das medidas atuais de política comercial adotada. Observa-se que os países registram características distintas nos dois níveis de análise, mas apresentam importantes pontos de convergência potencial para a formação de futuros acordos estratégicos
Russia and Brazil are countries with great economic potential and fast development in their participation in the international trading system. This article aims to present a comparative analysis of the recent development of trade in these countries, in addition to current trade policy mechanisms adopted. It is observed that the two countries have different characteristics in the two levels of analysis, but present significant points of potential convergence for the formation of future strategic alliances
Źródło:
Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review; 2013, 16; 231-242
1641-4713
Pojawia się w:
Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Albanian trade policy and the process of alignment with EU Common Commercial Policy
Autorzy:
Kastrati, Pranvera
Shehaj, Esmeralda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
trade policy
alignment
commitments
accession obligations
Opis:
Albania is a member of WTO from September 2000 and is currently in a deep and substantial transformation of the trade policy. Albanian trade regime is very liberal, open and transparent fully compliant with WTO law. Accession to EU is the strategic goal of all Governments after ’90s and alignment with EU acquis is at the core of any process. EU integration is an engine for the development in all candidate or potential candidate countries. This process requires the alignment of national policies and harmonization of the legislation. Trade policy is among the most developed policies in European Union and Albania. This is mainly due to the membership in World Trade Organization (WTO) and Free Trade Agreements (FTA) with the most important trading partners. The accession of Albania to EU will significantly affect the Albanian trade policy. This paper analyses the state of play of Albanian trade policy and presents the main developments in the EU Common Commercial Policy after the Lisbon Treaty (2009). Based on this analysis the paper highlights the implications for Albanian trade policy.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2015, 12; 226-243
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The impact of the rise of global supply chains on the foreign trade policy
Autorzy:
Puślecki, Zdzisław W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/569980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
foreign trade policy
global supply chains
anti-protectionist forces
cooperating on trade policies
multilateral trade negotiations
bilateral trade policy
Opis:
The main aim of the article is the indication of the impact of the rise of global supply chains on the foreign trade policy. The subject of the discussion and theoretical contribution in the undertaken research program are new tendencies in international business − the rise of global supply chains, the impact of the rise of global supply chains on the political economy of trade and countries motivations for cooperating on trade policies and the rise of global supply chains and increasing importance of bilateral agreements in the foreign trade policy. It is important to underline that a few multinational firms are responsible for a major share of world trade and for the rise of global supply chains. On the one hand, these firms should support regulatory harmonization across different Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) in order to lower trade costs. On the other hand, they might also resist harmonization – and encourage certain non-tariff measures – in order to prevent new competitors from entering markets. This may partly explain the persistence of regulatory divergence, and suggests that the political economy of regulatory convergence, especially in the conditions of the rise of global supply chains, may be more complex than is sometimes suggested
Źródło:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku; 2016, 3 (11); 208-227
2353-8929
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
National Security Excuse for the Neo-Protectionist Trade Policy of President’s Trump Administration
Autorzy:
Ławniczak, Ryszard.
Powiązania:
Studia Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego 2018, nr 14, s. 477-488
Data publikacji:
2018
Tematy:
Trump, Donald (1946- )
Bezpieczeństwo narodowe
Polityka zagraniczna
Handel zagraniczny
Cło
Dokumenty elektroniczne
Czasopismo elektroniczne
Artykuł z czasopisma naukowego
Opis:
Bibliografia, netografia na stronie 488.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Is President Donald Trump’s Current Trade Policy a Real Threat to International Trade Order? : Legal and Policy Assessment
Autorzy:
Kobielski, Piotr.
Powiązania:
Studia Bezpieczeństwa Narodowego 2018, nr 14, s. 463-476
Data publikacji:
2018
Tematy:
Trump, Donald (1946- )
Bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe
Polityka zagraniczna
Handel zagraniczny
Dokumenty elektroniczne
Czasopismo elektroniczne
Artykuł z czasopisma naukowego
Opis:
Bibliografia, netografia na stronie 475.
Dostawca treści:
Bibliografia CBW
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of States in the Formation of India’s Foreign Trade Policy After Cold War
Autorzy:
Sharma, Akshay
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2092223.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
democracy
institutions
state
centre
trade policy
evolution
inequality
state cells
coalition
communication
Opis:
The aim of this article is to analyse the role of states in the formulation of India’s trade policy from evolutionary and present perspectives as well as the contemporary issues that call for a modified institutional arrangement from a more state-inclusive point of view. Over the course of the last twenty years, however, trade policy making has become a tedious task, which made it extremely hard for any trade ministry to perform his/her duties swiftly. The ever increasing ‘range’ (and also importance) of ‘tradables’ in goods and services, capital, labour, as well as newborn issues in the international trading system and multiplicity of trade agreements, have made it imperative for trade ministries to have effective and deeper ‘communication’ with public entities and private interests within their sovereign states. In order to achieve this, a trade ministry must have an ‘institutional’ architecture that takes cognizance and acts upon the various demands emanating from various parts of the country. India’s trade policy is formulated and implemented mainly by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. While the constitutional provisions regarding India’s trade policy decision making have remained unchanged since gaining independence, the evolution of how states have become increasingly important in India’s trade policy making, is of importance. Hence, it is imperative to understand as to why states are becoming important in India’s trade policy formation and how institutions facilitate the same? Hypothising that, states are playing increasingly indispensable role in India’s foreign trade policy formation, this paper shall attempt to answer the abovementioned.
Źródło:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2018, 54, 4; 169-179
0209-0961
Pojawia się w:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stosunki handlowe Unii Europejskiej i USA w warunkach współpracy transatlantyckiej
Trade relations between the European Union and the United States in the framework of transatlantic cooperation
Autorzy:
Czermińska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/505252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
transatlantic cooperation
trade policy
trade policy instruments
trade liberalization
Opis:
United States and the European Union are the two main centers of the world economy. Both of these centers are each important trading partners in the field of trade in goods and services, capital flows in the form of foreign direct investment. The European Union’s relations with the United States there is both collaboration and competition. Despite the emerging tensions or even conflicts in the relationship both partners are allies and have a decisive impact on the liberalization of world trade, the ongoing process of the GATT/WTO. As part of strengthening transatlantic cooperation created a number of institutions and mechanisms to facilitate and support economic cooperation and signed a number of additional agreements aff ecting trade in mutual, for example, in terms of mutual recognition agreements, aimed at eliminating technical barriers to trade in goods. A negotiated agreement between the two largest economies on a free trade zone may constitute a turning point in transatlantic relations.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2014, 2; 15-33
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strategic trade and FDI policies in a unionized industry
Autorzy:
Buccella, Domenico
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943116.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Tematy:
strategic trade policy, FDI policy, unionized markets.
Opis:
This paper analyzes the differences between strategic trade and the competition policies (in the form of inward Foreign Direct Investment) to regulate a unionized monopoly in the domestic country. With decentralized negotiations both policies reduce labour and product market distortions. However the fixed cost for the foreign entrant and the degree of product differentiation determine which policy should be implemented to maximize national welfare, and the cases in which the domestic government can intervene, to achieve a Pareto-improvement.
Źródło:
Economics and Business Review; 2019, 5 (19), 1; 12-31
2392-1641
Pojawia się w:
Economics and Business Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of non-governmental organizations in trade policy – case study of campaigns against TTIP and CETA in Germany
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/580737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Germany
NGOs
free trade
liberalisation
civil society
EU
TTIP
CETA
Opis:
The aim of this article is to analyze the role of NGOs in organizing public opposition to trade liberalisation on the example of the campaign against TTIP and CETA in Germany. The study was divided into two parts. The first part analyses the increasing importance of NGOs in trade policy, using as an example the actions against the multilateral trading system of the WTO and the chosen preferential trade arrangements. The second part of the study focuses on non-state actors’ activities in Germany opposing the CETA and TTIP negotiations.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2018, 523; 400-415
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Liberalizacja i protekcjonizm w polityce państwa - przykład sektora rolnego
Liberalization and Protectionism in the Trade Policy - Example of the Agricultural Sector
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/592613.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Handel produktami rolnymi
Liberalizm handlowy
Polityka handlowa
Protekcjonizm handlowy
Agricultural trade
Protectionism in trade
Trade liberalization
Trade policy
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is an empirical analysis of the role of liberalization and protectionism in trade policy, with particular emphasis on international agricultural trade. From this analysis it is concluded that all countries and groups of countries pursue their own interests in the application of the regulation of international trade flows. Relatively high levels of protectionism occurs in agricultural trade. The results of the analysis lead to the thesis that, despite the theoretical attractiveness of the idea of free trade on a global scale, the practical conditions of the world economy caused the need for all countries to use protectionist policy instruments, in parallel with the liberalization projects.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2013, 139; 122-129
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The liberalisation of China foreign trade policy in the framework of the WTO
Liberalizacja zagranicznej polityki handlowej wschodzących Chin w gospodarce światowej
Autorzy:
Puślecki, Zdzisław W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/570086.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
emerging China
foreign trade policy
liberalisation effect
natural environment protection
bilateral agreements
world economy
Opis:
In this research work, the author focuses on the analysis of the liberalisation of foreign trade policy of emerging China in the world economy. What indicates the importance and innovativeness of the research is the presentation of the technical progress in P.R.China and the benefits resulting from the liberalised Chinese foreign trade policy. In accordance with the foreign trade policy theory further trade liberalisation and improved framework policies would increase trade and promote growth. It must be emphasized that openess to trade is associated with higher incomes and growth and there is a need for new approaches to trade cooperation in the light of the forces that are currently re-shaping international business. The key of trade developments within the broader socio-economic context is especially the rise of global supply chains, the general shift of trade power away from the West towards Asia. The main aim of the article is the presentation the liberalisation of foreign trade policy of emerging China in the world economy.
Źródło:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku; 2016, 1 (9); 9-39
2353-8929
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The EU’s Common Trade Policy: Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development and Free Trade in the Era of De-Globalization Processes?
Autorzy:
Latoszek, Ewa
Dugiel, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Free Trade
Sustainable Development
Common Trade Policy
Trade Agreements
System of Customs Preferences
Opis:
The purpose of the article is to show the importance of the European Union’s common commercial policy in implementing the concept of sustainable development. The article uses the qualitative and quantitative method, analysis of Polish and foreign literature and analysis of a number of free trade agreements, signed or negotiated in the form of free trade zones and the system of customs preferences (GSP). The analysis concerns EU trade relations in the context of the implementation of sustainable development assumptions. In the new generation trade agreements, economic growth is served by the use of both the idea of free trade and sustainable development. The starting point for the analysis is the discussion of the promotion of the idea of sustainable development by the European Union based on accepted liberal solutions in the common EU trade policy, currently used in the period of weak development of international trade. The second point discusses the European Union’s strategy in the common trade policy, developed on the basis of UN resolutions on sustainable economic development. The third point examines the issue of problems in achieving the goals of sustainable economic development in the case of developing countries.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 4; 23-46
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic defence as one of the pillars of total defence – the case of RTAs as an instrument of strengthening the EU’s competitiveness on foreign markets
Autorzy:
Majchrowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
economic competitiveness
economic defence
trade policy
RTA
UE
Opis:
Dynamic changes taking place in the global economy make it necessary to function in a complex and unstable economic environment, to which economies must constantly adapt. This compels entities such as the European Union to systematically review and appropriately shape its foreign policy, which involves taking actions to build resilience to crises and secure commercial interests. Particularly in view of the weakening position of the organisation globally managing international trade, the EU focuses on the implementation of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), which are an increasingly important element of EU trade policy and are aimed at strengthening the EU’s competitive position in the global economy and building resilience to crises, which bolsters its economic defence. These aspects constitute an important and current research problem, especially in the context of current events in the global economy. The aim of this article is to present EU trade agreements in the context of their importance for the economic defence of the trade bloc, as well as to analyse the changes that have been introduced in the EU trade policy in the last two decades in relation to this issue. The analysis is based mainly on original materials and scientific studies on EU trade policy, as well as data from the European Commission and the World Trade Organisation (WTO). The analytical and descriptive methods were mainly used. The results of the analysis carried out in the article showed that the implemented trade agreements lead to the strengthening of the competitive position of the EU and the strengthening of economic defence. By taking these actions, the EU is perceived as a pillar of the economic security of the Member States.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2022, XLVIII, 3; 99-111
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Current Trends in Foreign Trade Theory and Policy
Autorzy:
Puślecki, Zdzisław W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594512.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
foreign trade policy
public choice
liberalism
protectionism
authoritarian regimes
bilateralism
Opis:
In this research work, Author focus on the current analysis trends in foreign trade theory and policy. Accordance with the foreign trade policy theory further trade liberalisation and improved framework policies would increase trade and promote growth. It must be emphasized that openness to trade is associated with higher incomes and growth and there is the need for new approaches to trade cooperation in light of the forces that are currently re-shaping international business. What indicates the importance and innovativeness of the research is the presentation of the new models of the foreign trade policy and trade interests. First of all, it must underline that in the new theoretical terms in demand for trade policy very important is factor specificity. The low specificity of factors means that factor returns are equalized throughout a region’s economy. On the other hand, some factors are stuck in their present uses; therefore, factor returns are not equalized throughout a region’s economy but are industry specific. The main objective of the research task is to give a comprehensive analysis of current trends in foreign trade theory and policy and in particular models of foreign trade policy, trade interests indicated by export orientation and import sensitivity, foreign trade policy in different types of authoritarian regimes, protectionist pressures in different political system, the level of protectionist pressures, the tendencies to bilateralism in the foreign trade policy. It should be stressed that free trade in itself is not responsible for economic growth, but more significant are the determining macroeconomic stability and increasing investment.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2017, 2 (46); 135-149
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE NOTIFICATIONS AND DISPUTE SETTLEMENT WITHIN THE WTO
Autorzy:
Ghodsi, Mahdi
Michalek, Jan Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517264.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
trade policy
technical barriers to trade (TBTs)
WTO
dispute settlement
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to verify empirically whether the Specific Trade Concerns (STCs) regarding Technical Barriers to Trade (TBTs) notifications by WTO members can serve as an early warning system for past and future disputes (DS) covering allegedly trade restricting TBTs. WTO members, in order to increase transparency of trade policies, have made efforts to compile data on notified TBTs. For several years the WTO provides a TBT dataset, used in our paper, which covers the STCs raised by its members (“reverse” notifications). From 1995-2011, there have been 45 requests for consultation under the Dispute Settlement (DS) Body of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in order to identify possible violations of the technical barriers to trade (TBT) agreement. This paper attempts to find the linkages between DS cases citing the TBT agreement and the STC data regarding TBTs. The DS Body’s decisions regarding possible violations of the TBT agreement are discussed in detail. Afterwards, we analyze, descriptively and econometrically, the relationship between notified STCs and DS consultations regarding TBTs.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 2; 219-249
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagraniczna polityka handlowa Unii Europejskiej po wybuchu globalnego kryzysu gospodarczego
Common International Trade Policy of the European Union after the Outbreak of Global Economic Crisis
Autorzy:
Pera, Bożena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/586255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Handel zagraniczny
Kryzys gospodarczy
Partner strategiczny
Polityka handlowa
Postępowanie antydumpingowe
Antidumping proceedings
Economic crisis
Foreign trade
Strategic partnership
Trade policy
Opis:
The effects of the global financial crisis are visible in the all sectors of the European Union economy, also in conditions of international trade policy. The aim of the paper is to present the changes caused of the global economic crisis on international trade policy in the face of European Union strategic partners. The essence of European Union external trade policy during the global economic crisis and the conditions of the concluding agreements, were presented in this paper. The last part of the article contains the analysis of the global economic recession effects on the selected aspects of common international trade policy.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2013, 172; 177-191
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poland’s place in international trade: The importance of the European Unioncommon trade policy
Miejsce Polski w handlu międzynarodowym: znaczenie wspólnej polityki handlowej Unii Europejskiej
Autorzy:
Dugiel, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630327.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
international trade
the European Union
competitiveness of the economy
trade balance
the United States
handel międzynarodowy
Unia Europejska
konkurencyjność gospodarki
bilans handlowy
Stany Zjednoczone
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie pozycji Polski w handlu międzynarodowym i znaczenia rozwiązań we wspólnej polityki handlowej UE w zwiększeniu roli Polski w wymianie handlowej. W artykule omówiono czynniki określające obroty handlu międzynarodowego Polski: zmianę koniunktury w gospodarce światowej, rosnący protekcjonizm niektórych państw, konkurencyjność gospodarki Polski, zwiększenie liczby nowych umów o wolnym handlu zawartych przez Unię Europejską, a tym samym przez Polskę. W pracy zastosowano metodę jakościową i ilościową. Przyszłość wymiany handlowej Polski będą warunkować dążenia do liberalizacji handlu zagranicznego Unii Europejskiej, wyjście Wielkiej Brytanii z UE, jednostkowe nakłady pracy oraz konkurencyjność polskiego handlu zagranicznego.
The aim of the article is to present Poland’s position in international trade and the importance of the solutions applied in the common EU trade policy in increasing the role of Polish trade in international commercial exchange. The article discusses the factors determining the turnover of Poland’s international trade: a change in the global economy, growing protectionism of some countries, competitiveness of the Polish economy, an increase in the number of new free trade agreements concluded by the European Union, and thus by Poland, as one of the Member States. The article presents the findings of qualitative and quantitative analyses. The future of Polish trade will be conditioned by the pursuit of liberalization of the European Union’s foreign trade, the exit of the United Kingdom from the EU structures, individual labour inputs and the competitiveness of Polish foreign trade.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2018, 3 (35); 267-285
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Coal Companies’ Trade Credit Policy
Polityka kredytu kupieckiego w spółkach węglowych
Autorzy:
Sierpińska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/317919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
Tematy:
receivables
credit trade
credit policy
należności
kredyt kupiecki
polityka kredytowa
Opis:
The paper presents issues related to the use of trade credit by coal companies during the 2014-2016 downturn and the upturn of 2017–2018 in the coal industry. Coal companies are at both ends of trade credit, as providers and recipients. Research shows that they financed their activities by means of trade credit more widely than they granted it to coal buyers throughout the entire period. In the downturn, coal companies were keener to credit coal buyers than during the boom in the industry thereby suffering an increased risk of not recouping their receivables. This was reflected in the level of provisions for doubtful receivables. The decline in credit granted to buyers during the downturn is corroborated by a decline in the receivables cycle.
W artykule zaprezentowane zostały problemy korzystania przez spółki węglowe z kredytu kupieckiego w okresie dekoniunktury (2014–2016) i koniunktury (2017–2018) w branży węglowej. Spółki te są równocześnie dawcą i biorcą tego kredytu. Badania wykazały, że spółki węglowe w całym badanym okresie szerzej finansowały się kredytem kupieckim niż same tego kredytu udzielały odbiorcom węgla. W okresie dekoniunktury spółki te szerzej kredytowały odbiorców węgla zwiększając ryzyko nieodzyskania należności niż w okresie koniunktury w branży węglowej. Znalazło to wyraz w poziomie rezerw tworzonych na należności wątpliwe. Na ograniczenie zakresu kredytowania odbiorców w okresie koniunktury wskazuje spadek cykli należności.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Mineralna; 2020, 1, 1; 231-236
1640-4920
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Mineralna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polsko-rosyjska wymiana handlowa w okresie członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej
Polish-Russian Trade during the First Ten Years of Polands Membership in the European Union
Autorzy:
Błaszczuk-Zawiła, Marzenna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
handel dobrami materialnymi
polityka handlowa
Rosja
merchandise trade
trade policy
Russia
Opis:
Lata członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej były okresem szybkiego rozwoju polskiej wy-miany handlowej z krajami spoza ugrupowania, w tym z Rosją. W latach 2004-2013 wartość polskiego eksportu do Rosji wzrosła trzyipółkrotnie, z 2,3 mld euro do 8,1 mld euro, natomiast importu - prawie 3,7 razy, z 5,1 mld euro do 18,7 mld euro. Dopro-wadziło to do znacznego pogłębienia deficytu Polski w handlu z Rosją. Jego wysokość wzrosła prawie czterokrotnie - z 2,8 mld euro do 10,6 mld euro. W artykule przedstawiono warunki i wyniki polsko-rosyjskiej wymiany dobrami materialnymi we wspomnianym okresie. Stwierdzono, że w znaczącej mierze kształtowały się one pod wpływem czynników nie związanych bezpośrednio z członkostwem Polski w UE. W szczególności, członkostwo nie wpłynęło na zwiększenie stabilności handlu pol-sko-rosyjskiego. Zweryfikowało natomiast negatywnie wcześniejsze oczekiwania władz polskich na wzmocnienie pozycji Polski w sporach handlowych z Rosją i na równe traktowanie przez Rosję wszystkich państw członkowskich UE. Rok 2014 obfituje w kolejne przykłady swobodnego wykorzystywania przez Rosję środków polityki handlowej do celów politycznych, wbrew przyjętym przez nią zobowiązaniom mię-dzynarodowym. Środki te są w dużej mierze skierowane przeciwko Polsce, która otwarcie skry-tykowała Rosję za aneksję Krymu i wspieranie separatystów we wschodniej Ukrainie, a także opowiadała się za nałożeniem na nią sankcji z tego powodu.
Years of Poland's membership in the European Union were a period of rapid development of Polish trade with third countries, including Russia. In the years 2004-2013, the value of Polish exports to Russia increased 3.5 times, from 2.3 billion euros to 8.1 billion euros, while imports - nearly 3.7 times, from 5.1 billion euros to 18.7 billion euros. This has led to a significant deepening of the Polish trade deficit with Russia. Its value has almost quadrupled - from 2.8 billion euros to 10.6 billion euros. In the article, there are presented conditions and results of Polish-Russian merchandise trade in the mentioned period. It was found that they were shaped - to a significant extent - by the factors not directly related to Polish membership in the EU. In particular, the EU membership had no effect on stability of Polish-Russian trade relations. More, it verified negatively the previous expectations of the Polish authorities as it comes to strengthening Poland's position in trade disputes with Russia and to equal treatment by Russia of all EU member states. The year 2014 is full of new examples of the free use of trade policy instruments by Russia's authorities for political purposes, contrary to its international obligations. These measures are largely directed against Poland, which has openly criticised Russia for the annexation of Crimea and support for separatists in Eastern Ukraine, as well as advocated the imposition of sanctions against this country.
Źródło:
Unia Europejska.pl; 2014, 3; 16-29
2084-2694
Pojawia się w:
Unia Europejska.pl
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-25 z 156

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