Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — listopad 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — November 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/541997.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-12-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 12; 79-80
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — marzec 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — March 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/542814.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-04-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 4; 89-91
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — czerwiec 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — June 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543571.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-07-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 7; 86-89
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — październik 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — October 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/542234.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-11-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 11; 84-85
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — kwiecień 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — April 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/542930.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-05-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 5; 103-105
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — maj 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — May 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543127.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-06-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 6; 91-93
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — lipiec 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — July 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543168.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-08-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 8; 79-81
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — styczeń 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — January 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543567.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-02-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 2; 82-83
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — luty 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — February 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543584.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-03-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 3; 83-84
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — sierpień 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — August 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543699.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-09-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 9; 90-91
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — wrzesień 2018 r.
Publications of Statistics Poland — September 2018

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543900.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-10-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 10; 78-79
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

Wydawnictwa GUS — grudzień 2017 r.
Publications of the Statistics Poland — December 2017

Autorzy:

Gustyn, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/541964.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-01-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 1; 96-98
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

The birth of official statistics in Poland

Autorzy:

Domański, Czesław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1046645.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-04-30

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

official statistics
statistical societies
precursors of public statistics
statystyka publiczna
towarzystwa statystyczne
prekursorzy statystyki publicznej

Opis:

The birth of the Polish official statistics, commonly associated with the establishment of Statistics Poland on 13 July 1918, was possible thanks to the ideas and grassroots work of various scholars, including statisticians, who thus demonstrated their faithfulness to the resolutions of the Four-Year Sejm (Parliament) and the Constitution of 3 May 1791. Statisticians from Kraków, who established Poland's first statistical society (the Polish Statistical Society) and authored a study entitled Statistics of Poland, Kraków (1915), edited by Adam Krzyżanowski and Kazimierz Kumaniecki, deserve a special recognition in this paper. In the two consecutive years, 1916 and 1917, Kraków saw the publication of two important works, namely Geographical and Statistical Atlas of Poland, Kraków (1916), edited by Eugeniusz Romer and Ignacy Weinfeld, and the Yearbook of Poland. Statistical Tables, Kraków (1917). But scientists from other parts of Poland contributed to the process of laying the foundations for the Polish official statistics as well. Statisticians from Warsaw compiled three volumes of Statistical Yearbooks of the Kingdom of Poland edited by Władysław Grabski, and the work entitled Statistical Yearbook of the Kingdom of Poland and other Polish lands. The Year 1915 under the editorship of Edward Strasburger was published in 1916 in Sankt Petersburg. Around the same period, Polish scientists associated with the University of Lviv expanded the scope of their scientific activity. After regaining independence, the process of establishing the system of official statistics in Poland, at that time carried out already within the framework of Statistic Poland, continued developing dynamically thanks to the scientific input of several dozen Polish statisticians.
Narodziny polskiej statystyki publicznej, utożsamiane z utworzeniem Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego 13 lipca 1918 r., mogły nastąpić dzięki ideom pracy u podstaw wielu uczonych, w tym statystyków, którzy byli wierni postanowieniom Sejmu Czteroletniego i Konstytucji 3 Maja 1791 r. Na szczególne wyróżnienie zasługują tutaj statystycy krakowscy, którzy powołali do życia pierwsze Polskie Towarzystwo Statystyczne, oraz ich dzieło Statystyka Polski pod redakcją Adama Krzyżanowskiego i Kazimierza Kumanieckiego (Kraków 1915). W następnych dwóch latach zostały wydane dwie ważne prace naukowe: Geograficzno-Statystyczny Atlas Polski pod redakcją Eugeniusza Romera i Ignacego Weinfelda (Kraków 1916) oraz Rocznik Polski. Tablice statystyczne (Kraków 1917). Ale naukowcy z innych stron Polski również wnieśli wkład w proces tworzenia podwalin polskiej statystyki publicznej. Statystycy warszawscy opracowali trzy tomy Roczników Statystycznych Królestwa Polskiego pod redakcją Władysława Grabowskiego, natomiast w 1916 r. w Petersburgu wydany został Rocznik Statystyczny Królestwa Polskiego z uwzględnieniem innych ziem polskich. Rok 1915 pod redakcją Edwarda Strasburgera. W tym okresie również rozwinęła się twórczość polskich uczonych związanych z Uniwersytetem Lwowskim. Proces organizacji statystyki publicznej w Polsce po odzyskaniu niepodległości, już w ramach Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego, mógł rozwijać się w dynamicznym tempie dzięki pracy naukowej kilkudziesięciu statystyków polskich.

Źródło:

Przegląd Statystyczny; 2019, 66, 4; 309-322
0033-2372

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Statystyczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

Współdziałanie Prezesa Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego z Prezesem Narodowego Banku Polskiego – ujęcie ustrojowe
The collaboration between the President of Statistics Poland and the President of the National Bank of Poland – a systemic approach

Autorzy:

Zapadka, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1042747.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-12-31

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

statystyka publiczna
badania statystyczne
GUS
NBP
ujęcie ustrojowe
official statistics
statistical surveys
Statistics Poland
the National Bank of Poland
a systemic approach

Opis:

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie ustrojowych podstaw działalności organów statystyki publicznej i banku centralnego poprzez analizę reguł wynikających z ustawy o statystyce publicznej oraz właściwych przepisów ustawy o NBP. Prowadzenie badań statystycznych z jednej strony oraz opracowywanie statystyki pieniężnej i bankowej, bilansu płatniczego i międzynarodowej pozycji inwestycyjnej z drugiej strony wymaga współdziałania GUS i NBP – instytucji będących największymi w polskim systemie prawnym hurtowniami danych. Racjonalny ustawodawca przyjmuje konieczność koordynacji działań przez Prezesa GUS i Prezesa NBP w obszarze współpracy dotyczącej prowadzenia badań statystycznych. Współpraca ta ma charakter dwustronny i opiera się na jasno określonych kompetencjach i innych zadaniach ustawowych, a jej efektem jest możliwość korzystania z danych statystycznych zbieranych, gromadzonych i przechowywanych przez obydwa podmioty oraz realizowanie przez nie obowiązków wynikających z ich pozycji ustrojowej.
The aim of the article is to present the systemic foundations of the functioning of official statistics and the central bank. The research is based on the analysis of regulations outlined in the Official Statistics Act and relevant provisions of The Act on the National Bank of Poland. Both the conducting of statistical research and developing monetary and banking statistics, balance of payments and establishing an international investment position require a close collaboration between these two institutions, which also happen to be the largest data ‘reservoirs’ under the Polish legal system. A rational legislator acknowledges the necessity to coordinate the activity of the President of Statistics Poland and the President of the National Bank of Poland in the realm of statistical research. This collaboration is bilateral, based on clearly defined competences and other statutory tasks. It also allows the use of statistical data collected, stored and maintained by both institutions and the fulfillment of their constitutional obligations.

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2020, 65, 12; 47-59
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Komentarz GUS do artykułu Macieja Cesarskiego Statystyka mieszkaniowego majątku trwałego w Polsce - wyzwania metodyczne
Statistics Poland’s comment to the article by Maciej Cesarski Statistics of residential fixed capital in Poland – methodological challenges

Autorzy:

Matulska-Bachura, Agnieszka
Perzyna, Anita

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18104609.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-05-02

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

-

Opis:

-

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2023, 68, 4; 45-47
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

On the way to the statistics’ quality. Quality as a challenge of public statistics in Poland

Autorzy:

Piotrowska-Piątek, Agnieszka
Sobieraj, Małgorzata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1189003.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN

Tematy:

Public statistics
European Statistical System
quality
data users
data producers

Opis:

This article concerns a big challenge of public statistics, which is to find a balance between the ability to meet the ever growing data users’ needs and maintaining high standards of quality of data available. The starting point for reflections on this area is to define widely understood standards of quality statistics, from the perspective of both data producers and users. The authors of the article refer to key documents governing the system of statistics quality at an international level, as well as in Poland. They also emphasize the need to exchange information on quality between data producers and users as well as the opportunities that dialogue creates to the process of improving statistical products. At the same time, they point out that high quality of statistical data, defined by such attributes as: relevance, accuracy, timeliness and punctuality, accessibility and clarity, comparability and coherence gives users the opportunity for an accurate, reliable and in-depth data analysis. Against this background, the article includes examples of the antinomy that may occur in the process of developing individual attributes. In conclusion, the authors emphasize an international aspect of statistical quality, continuity of processes aimed at improving quality and an important role of data users in those processes.

Źródło:

World Scientific News; 2016, 48; 17-23
2392-2192

Pojawia się w:

World Scientific News

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

Prof. Jan Piekałkiewicz — statystyk, ekonomista, polityk
Prof. Jan Piekałkiewicz — statistician, economist, politician

Autorzy:

Kordos, Jan

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/543547.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-07-28

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

Jan Piekałkiewicz
100-lecie GUS
badania reprezentacyjne
Jerzy Neyman
Polskie Towarzystwo Statystyczne
roczniki statystyczne
centenary of Statistics Poland
sample surveys
Polish Statistical Association
statistical yearbooks

Opis:

W artykule przedstawiono sylwetkę prof. Jana Piekałkiewicza — wybitnego statystyka, ekonomisty i polityka — począwszy od powstania w 1918 r. państwa polskiego aż do tragicznej śmierci uczonego z rąk gestapo w 1943 r. Podkreślono również rolę Polskiego Towarzystwa Statystycznego (powołanego w 1912 r.) w opracowaniu informacji statystycznych z trzech zaborów oraz starania statystyków i przedstawicieli innych środowisk, które doprowadziły do powołania w lipcu 1918 r. Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego. Uwydatniono wkład prof. Piekałkiewicza w rozwój GUS w pierwszych latach jego działalności oraz przybliżono dorobek naukowy profesora i jego pracę dydaktyczną w zakresie statystyki prowadzoną na wyższych uczelniach. Wspomniano również o jego aktywności jako polityka.
The article presents the profile of Prof. Jan Piekałkiewicz — an outstanding statistician, economist and politician — starting from the creation of the Polish state in 1918 until the tragic death of the scientist caused by the Gestapo in 1943. It also highlights the role of the Polish Statistical Association (founded in 1912) in the preparation of statistical information from the three partitions and the efforts of statisticians and representatives of other circles, which led to the establishment of Statistics Poland in July 1918. Contribution of Prof. Piekałkiewicz to the development of Statistics Poland in the first years of his activity was highlighted, as well as his scientific achievements and didactic work in the field of statistics conducted at universities were presented. His activity as a politician was also mentioned.

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2018, 63, 7; 7-13
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

Statistics of Poland – the First Yearbook of Polish Lands: Authors and Content
Statystyka Polski – pierwszy rocznik statystyczny ziem polskich, jego autorzy i zawartość

Autorzy:

Pociecha, Józef

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/654641.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Tematy:

historia Polski
historia statystyki polskiej
statystyka publiczna
history of Poland
history of Polish statistics
public statistics

Opis:

Początek XX wieku to czas rozwoju statystyki publicznej w krajach europejskich. Ze względu na brak własnego państwa nie było możliwości publikowania rocznika statystycznego ziem polskich. W tym kontekście w 1912 roku w Krakowie powstało Polskie Towarzystwo Statystyczne, którego jednym z głównych zadań było scalanie informacji statystycznej rozproszonej w publikacjach urzędów statystycznych państw zaborczych i wydawanie własnych prac na kształt roczników statystycznych ziem i ludności polskiej. Do wybuchu I wojny światowej PTS zdołało przygotować publikację Statystyka Polski, wydrukowaną w 1915 roku, której głównymi autorami byli A. Krzyżanowski oraz K. W. Kumaniecki. W przedsięwzięcie to zaangażowanych było wiele osób stanowiących ówczesną elitę intelektualną kraju. Ciekawy jest zakres terytorialny Statystyki Polski. Obejmuje on terytorium pierwszej Rzeczypospolitej oraz obszar Górnego Śląska i południowych Mazur, na którym mieszkała ludność polska. Praca ta zadziwia obfitością prezentowanych danych statystycznych, których uzyskanie nawet w dzisiejszych czasach jest trudne i pracochłonne. Znaczenie Statystyki Polski polega też na tym, że dała argumenty delegacji polskiej w trakcie rozmów dotyczących kształtu terytorialnego odrodzonego państwa polskiego, prowadzonych na konferencji pokojowej w Wersalu.
The beginning of the twentieth century is a time of the development of official statistics in European countries. Due to the lack of its own independent state, it was not possible to publish a Yearbook of Poland at the time. In this context, the Polish Statistical Association (PSA) was founded in Cracow in 1912. One of its main tasks was to merge statistical information on Polish lands dispersed among statistical offices of Russia, Germany and Austria and to issue its own statistical yearbooks for Polish lands and their population. Before the beginning of World War I, the PSA was able to prepare the publication Statistics of Poland, printed in 1915, whose main authors were: A. Krzyżanowski and K. W. Kumaniecki. Many people from the intellectual elite of the country were involved in the project. The territorial scope of Statistics of Poland is interesting. It covers the territory of the first Polish Republic and the area of Upper Silesia and the southern Masuria, where Poles were the majority. Statistical data contained in Statistics of Poland amaze by their abundance even today. The importance of Statistics of Poland is that it gave arguments for the Polish delegation in the conduct of the discussions on the shape of the territory of reborn Poland in 1918 carried out at the peace conference in Versailles.

Źródło:

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2018, 5, 338; 229-245
0208-6018
2353-7663

Pojawia się w:

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

Włodzimierz Krysicki, a mathematician--stochastician (1905-2001)

Autorzy:

Gerstenkorn, Tadeusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/749764.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne

Tematy:

in memoriam, probability theory and statistics in Poland, Technical University of Łódź, mathematical education
wspomnienie, teoria prawdopodobieństwa i statystyka w Polsce, Politechnika Łódzka, kształcenie matematyczne

Opis:

W 2015 roku minęła 110 rocznica urodzin łódzkiego uczonego, matematyka zajmującego się głównie teorią prawdopodobieństwa i statystyką. Jako pierwszy promowany przez niego doktor oraz wieloletni współpracownik pragnę przypomnieć postać profesora z uwagi na Jego duże zasługi dla nauki i wychowania polskiej, zwłaszcza łódzkiej, młodzieży akademickiej.
The year 2015 marked the  110th anniversary of the birth of a Łódź-based scholar , a mathematician dealing mainly with probability theory and statistics. As the first PhD defending under his direction and a longtime collaborator, I would like to recall the professor's personage because of his great merits in educating Polish academic youth, especially in Łódź.

Źródło:

Antiquitates Mathematicae; 2016, 10
1898-5203
2353-8813

Pojawia się w:

Antiquitates Mathematicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

Repatriacja do Polski po 1990 r. – uwarunkowania prawne, skala przyjazdów, obszar osiedlenia
Key statistics on repatriation to Poland

Autorzy:

Sora, Mateusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14815818.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych

Tematy:

social adaptation
repatriates
repatriation
repatriation policy
Repatriation Act

Opis:

The aim of the article is to provide key statistical data concerning Polish repatriation policy and the repatriation process. The author begins with information on the total number of people of Polish descent who were repatriated under the Repatriation Act, the repatriates’ place of settlement in Poland and their household structure. The next section looks at the financial support from the state budget granted to the repatriates, the local governments organizing repatriation and employers offering jobs to repatriates. In the final section the author examines the factors that stimulate repatriation to Poland.

Źródło:

Studia BAS; 2013, 2(34); 9-23
2080-2404
2082-0658

Pojawia się w:

Studia BAS

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

Ogrody przydomowe jako element statystyki rolniczej w Polsce - stan i zróżnicowanie przestrzenne według Powszechnego Spisu Rolnego 2010
Home gardens as an element of agrarian statistics in Poland - quantitative analysis and spatial differentiation study on the basis of 2010 National Agricultural Census

Autorzy:

Rudnicki, R.
Wisniewski, L.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/870751.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists

Opis:

Wejście Polski do UE skutkowało dostosowaniem statystyki rolniczej GUS do klasyfikacji Eurostatu. Wyniki Powszechnego spisu rolnego z 2010 roku dają możliwość zbadania stanu i zróżnicowania przestrzennego ogrodów przydomowych, jednej z form zagospodarowania gruntów ornych w użytkowaniu gospodarstw rolnych. Stwierdzono, że ogrody przydomowe w Polsce występują w 18,6% gospodarstw rolnych, zajmując powierzchnię 44,2 tys. ha (0,40% powierzchni ogółu gruntów ornych). Analizowana forma użytkowania gruntów przeciętnie zajmuje powierzchnię 10 arów, z czego 28,1% to uprawy ziemniaków, 43,5% warzyw, 8,0% truskawek, a 20,3% inne uprawy. Silne zróżnicowanie przestrzenne badanego zjawiska odniesiono do uwarunkowań przyrodniczych, historycznych i urbanizacyjnych.
Polish accession to the European Union resulted in the necessity to adapt the system of agrarian statistics by the Central Statistical Office [GUS] to the Eurostat classification. The results of the National Agricultural Census of 2010 can be used to conduct a quantitative analysis and spatial differentiation study of kitchen gardens – a form of management of arable land within agricultural holdings. It has been concluded that kitchen gardens are present in 18.6% of all agricultural holdings in Poland and occupy 44.2 thousand ha (0.40% of all arable land). On average, this form of land management spreads over the area of 10 ares, 28.1% of which are dedicated for the cultivation of potatoes; 43.5% for other vegetables; 8.0% for strawberries; and 20.3% for other crops. A pronounced spatial differentiation has been observed with reference to natural, historical and urban conditions.

Źródło:

Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu; 2015, 17, 1
1508-3535
2450-7296

Pojawia się w:

Roczniki Naukowe Stowarzyszenia Ekonomistów Rolnictwa i Agrobiznesu

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

Polish Emigration to the UK after 2004; Why Did So Many Come?

Autorzy:

Okólski, Marek
Salt, John

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498639.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

post-accession migration
statistics of migration from Poland to the UK
determinants of migration from Poland to the UK

Opis:

Despite the abundance of studies of Polish migration to the UK immediately before and in the aftermath of accession to the EU in 2004, one fundamental question has never been clearly answered: why did so many Poles move to the UK? We have sought to provide general explanations, rather than inquiring into the range of observed diversity. We begin by putting together statistical and other data from both ends of the flow in order to assess the scale of movement to and from the UK and to determine the reasons for what may well have been the largest voluntary migration between two countries. We used data from both countries and especially the recently published statistics from the 2011 UK census to present a detailed picture of the characteristics of those involved. Polish statistics suggest a more ‘elite’ flow to the UK than to other countries. The UK census pictures a maturing settled population, still tending to occupy relatively lower skilled jobs but showing evidence of upward social mobility. The movements are particularly a response to demographic and economic factors in Poland and to a widespread but to some extent hidden shortage of labour in some sectors in the UK. These factors combine with a set of political circumstances in both countries to produce an explanatory framework that may be summarised as ‘right people, right place, and right circumstances.’

Źródło:

Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2014, 3, 2; 11-37
2300-1682

Pojawia się w:

Central and Eastern European Migration Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

Spisy ludności w Stanach Zjednoczonych i statystyka imigracji z Polski – perspektywa metodologiczno-historyczna
Censuses in the USA and statistics of immigration from Poland - methodological-historical perspective

Autorzy:

Okrasa, Włodzimierz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192466.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-06-30

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

spisy ludności
procedury spisowe
migracje
statystyka Polonii
census
census procedures
migrations
statistics of the Polish diaspora

Opis:

Spisy powszechne ludności i mieszkań w Stanach Zjednoczonych (USA) stanowią obiekt zainteresowania ekspertów wielu dyscyplin – poza statystykami również demografów, politologów, socjologów, historyków, a nawet psychologów i antropologów. Jest tak nie tylko z racji długiej tradycji prowadzenia tych badań (pierwszy spis odbył się w 1790 r.) czy innowacji metodologicznych. Na wyjątkowość spisów przeprowadzanych w USA składają się także skala imigracji odpowiedzialnej za dynamiczny wzrost liczebności populacji oraz specyficzny cel spisu, jakim jest konstytucyjny warunek zapewnienia rozdziału liczby miejsc w izbie niższej Kongresu oraz dystrybucja środków federalnych proporcjonalnie do liczby mieszkańców (apportionment). Te uwarunkowania, wraz z uwzględnieniem heterogeniczności społeczeństwa amerykańskiego zarówno w sensie rasowo-etnicznym, jak i religijno-kulturowym, nasuwają pytania o źródła zmian i kierunki usprawnień w kolejnych spisach. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problemów i wyzwań związanych ze spisami powszechnymi w USA. Skoncentrowano się na rozstrzygnięciach o charakterze metodologiczno-operacyjnym, możliwych do wprowadzenia m.in. dzięki rozwojowi statystyki i technologii. Omówiono także zagadnienie wiarygodności danych spisowych na przykładzie imigracji z Polski oraz Polonii amerykańskiej.
Censuses of population and housing in the United States are of particular interest to experts in many disciplines – in addition to statisticians, also to demographers, political scientists, sociologists, historians, and even psychologists and anthropologists. This is so not only because of the long history of US censuses (the first census in the US was carried out in 1790) or methodological innovations, but due to immigration responsible for the dynamic population growth, and to the specific purpose of the census, which is ensuring the proportional (according to the numer of inhabitants) distribution of seats in the lower chamber of Congress and federal funds (apportionment), guaranteed by the US Constitution. The heterogeneity of the American society, both in the racial-ethnic and religious-cultural sense, in addition to the above considerations, raise questions about the purposes of those changes and directions for improvement in subsequent censuses. The aim of the article is to present the problems and challenges related to censuses in the USA. The paper focuses on methodological and operational solutions that can be implemented thanks to several improvements, including the progress in the fields of statistics and technology. The paper also discusses the issues of credibility of the census data, based on the example of immigration from Poland and the Polish diaspora in the USA.

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2021, 66, 6; 27-49
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

Przestępczość nieletnich w USA i w Polsce na podstawie wybranych statystyk kryminalnych
Juvenile delinquency in the USA and Poland based on selected criminal statistics

Autorzy:

Bernasiewicz, Maciej Witold
Noszczyk-Bernasiewicz, Monika

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698924.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

rozmiary
struktura i dynamika przestępczości
nieletni
statystyki w USA i Polsce
extent and trends of criminality
delinquent
statistics in USA and Poland

Opis:

The article discusses the extent and trends of juvenile delinquency in the US and Poland. The text also deals with various types of statistics and databases that we can use when describing the phenomenon of crime. Despite different demographic trends, in both countries we are observing a downward trend in the broadly understood juvenile delinquency, which is considered to be the aggregate of delinquent acts  and status offenses. In the USA, in 1980-2017 the number of arrests decreased by 59.8%, while in Poland the decrease in the number of delinquents - taking into account the period 2000-2018 - amounted to 30%. The most significant impact on the decreasing level of juvenile delinquency in both countries had a decrease in the number of property crimes.
W artykule omówiono rozmiary, strukturę i dynamikę przestępczości nieletnich w USA oraz Polsce. Tekst traktuje również o różnych rodzajach statystyk oraz bazach danych, z których możemy korzystać, gdy dokonujemy opisu zjawiska przestępczości. Pomimo odmiennych tendencji demograficznych, w obu krajach mamy do czynienia z trendem spadkowym w zakresie szeroko pojętej przestępczości nieletnich, za którą uważa się liczone łącznie czyny karalne, jak i przejawy demoralizacji (w USA status offenses). W USA w latach 1980-2017 liczba zatrzymań nieletnich obniżyła się o 59,8%, zaś w Polsce spadek liczby podsądnych – biorąc za okres analizy lata 2000-2018 - wyniósł 30%. Najbardziej istotny wpływ na obniżający się poziom przestępczości nieletnich w obu krajach miał spadek liczby przestępstw przeciwko mieniu.

Źródło:

Archiwum Kryminologii; 2020, XLII/2
0066-6890
2719-4280

Pojawia się w:

Archiwum Kryminologii

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Some comments on the life and publications of Jerzy K. Baksalary (1944-2005)

Autorzy:

Baksalary, Oskar
Styan, George

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729932.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii

Tematy:

The Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
The August Cieszkowski Agricultural University in Poznań
authorship matrix
bibliometrics
biography
generalized inverses of matrices
history of mathematics and statistics in Poland
linear statistical models
matrix equations and inequalities
matrix partial orderings
obituary
rank of a matrix product
Tadeusz Kotarbiński Pedagogical University in Zielona Góra
Zielona Góra University

Opis:

Following some biographical information on Jerzy K. Baksalary (1944-2005) and some comments by Tadeusz Caliński, Oskar Maria Baksalary, and Image Editors-in-Chief: Bryan L. Shader and Hans Joachim Werner, this article continues with personal remarks on the life and publications of Jerzy K. Baksalary by Anita Dobek, R. William Farebrother, Jürgen Groß, Jan Hauke, Radosław Kala, Erkki Liski, Xiaoji Liu, Augustyn Markiewicz, Thomas Mathew, Wiesław Migdałek, Friedrich Pukelsheim, Tarmo Pukkila, Simo Puntanen, C. Radhakrishna Rao, Dietrich von Rosen, George P.H. Styan, Tomasz Szulc, Yongge Tian, Götz Trenkler, Frank Uhlig, Júlia Volaufová, Haruo Yanai, and Fuzhen Zhang. These remarks are followed by a detailed list of Jerzy Baksalary's publications prepared by the editors of this article.

Źródło:

Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2008, 28, 1; 5-64
1509-9423

Pojawia się w:

Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

Analiza statystyk dotyczących wypadków drogowych w Polsce w latach 2005 – 2015
Analysis of statistics on road accidents in Poland in the years 2005 – 2015

Autorzy:

Kluszczyk, K.
Łukasik, R.
Czech, P.
Figlus, T.
Turoń, K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/316851.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"

Tematy:

wypadek drogowy
bezpieczeństwo na drodze
zderzenie
road accident
road safety
crush

Opis:

Wzrost liczby pojazdów poruszających się po polskich drogach spowodował, że stan bezpieczeństwa uległ ogromnej zmianie na przestrzeni ostatnich lat. Zwiększone natężenie ruchu potęguje ryzyko zaistnienia kolizji, a także wystąpienia wypadku drogowego. Niezbędnym jest, aby poznać oraz ocenić okoliczności i czynniki wpływające na zagrożenie wypadkiem, a także odpowiedzieć na pytanie w jaki sposób można zredukować owe niebezpieczeństwo na drogach. Do tego celu na pewno przydatnym może okazać się analiza statystyk dotyczących wypadków drogowych zaistniałych na polskich drogach. Temu właśnie celowi został poświęcony niniejszy artykuł.
The increase in the number of vehicles on Polish roads caused that the security situation changed significantly in recent years. Increased traffic congestion intensifies the risk of collision, as well as an accident. It is essential to understand and assess the circumstances and factors affecting the risk of accidents, as well as answer the question of how to reduce these dangers on the roads. For this purpose, surely it can be useful to analyse statistics on road accidents occurred on Polish roads. This article is dedicated to this purpose.

Źródło:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 247-256, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725

Pojawia się w:

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

Badania zróżnicowania ryzyka wypadków przy pracy na przykładzie analizy statystyki wypadków dla branży górnictwa i Polski
Research of risk diversification of accidents at work for example of analysis of accidents statistics for mining industry and Poland

Autorzy:

Krause, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/113478.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

STE GROUP

Tematy:

wypadki przy pracy
statystyka wypadków
górnictwo
Polska
accidents at work
accident statistics
mining
Polska

Opis:

Publikacja przedstawia analizę statystyki wypadków przy pracy w branży górnictwa i w Polsce, która opiera się na danych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego pt. „Wypadki przy pracy”. W opracowaniu wykorzystano kryteria analizy bezwzględnej, opartej na porównaniu wybranych miar wypadkowości (liczba i skutki wypadków) oraz analizy wskaźnikowej, opartej na porównaniu wybranych wskaźników wypadkowości (wskaźniki częstości, wskaźnik ciężkości i wskaźnik ryzyka). Praca obejmuje wyniki analizy porównawczej wypadkowości zawodowej w Polsce i górnictwie za lata 2005-2015, z uwzględnieniem wypadków ogółem, wypadków śmiertelnych i wypadków ciężkich.
The publication presents an analysis of statistics on accidents at work in the mining industry and in Poland, which is based on data from the Central Statistical Office entitled "Accidents at Work". The study used criteria for absolute analysis, based on the comparison of selected measures of accidents rate (number and consequences of accidents), and ratio analysis, based on the comparison of selected indexes of accidents rate (indexes of frequency, index of severity, index of risk). The work includes the results of comparative analysis of occupational accidents rate in Poland for the years 2005-2015, taking into account total accidents, fatal accidents and serious accidents.

Źródło:

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji; 2017, 6, 2; 160-168
2391-9361

Pojawia się w:

Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

The 2021 National Census in Poland – addressing the challenges of a digital census
Narodowy Spis Powszechny 2021 - mierzenie się z wyzwaniami spisu cyfrowego

Autorzy:

Kubiczek, Jakub
Hadasik, Bartłomiej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148482.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-11-30

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

national census
National Population and Housing Census 2021
digital census
online self-enumeration
official statistics
sensitive information
spis powszechny
Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2021
spis cyfrowy
samospis internetowy
statystyka publiczna
kwestie wrażliwe

Opis:

The article aims to present the implementation of the national census carried out in Poland in 2021 as a process, with particular attention devoted to the challenges that national censuses pose for official statistics. The paper also focuses on how the organiser of the census Statistics Poland - addressed the problems reported during the survey. The significance of the census results as a source of information was also discussed. The research was based on a case study, which allowed an in-depth analysis of the census process. The results of the analysis show that the problems which occurred in the National Population and Housing Census 2021 were similar to those identified in the previous editions of the survey, such as questions relating to sensitive information and the potential ways in which the answers to this type of queries could be further processed. What is more, maintaining the digital (electronic) form of the census (the paper forms were abandoned in favour of the digital form in 2011) and the introduction of the Internet-based self-enumeration as the primary form of the survey, applicable to all its participants, created additional challenges, related to some respondents' lack of digital skills or limited access to the Internet. Statistics Poland offered a variety of forms of contact with the society and addressed Internet users' questions on an ongoing basis, mainly through information campaigns, which included using social media, and by directly responding to Facebook users' comments. The conducted analysis provides a useful insight as to how reliable data could be collected in a census, particularly with the use of the Internet.
Celem badania omawianego w artykule jest przedstawienie realizacji spisu powszechnego w Polsce w 2021 r. jako procesu, ze zwróceniem szczególnej uwagi na wyzwania, jakie spis powszechny stawia przed statystyką publiczną i sposoby rozwiązywania przez jego organizatora – Główny Urząd Statystyczny – zgłaszanych problemów. Omówiono także znaczenie wyników spisu jako źródła informacji. W badaniu zastosowano studium przypadku, co pozwoliło na dogłębną analizę przebiegu spisu. Wynika z niej, że podczas Narodowego Spisu Powszechnego Ludności i Mieszkań 2021 pojawiły się problemy analogiczne do występujących w poprzednich rundach, dotyczące pytań o kwestie wrażliwe oraz potencjalnych sposobów przetwarzania odpowiedzi na nie. Ponadto kontynuacja cyfrowej postaci spisu (po raz pierwszy zrezygnowano z formularzy papierowych na rzecz elektronicznych w 2011 r.) i wprowadzenie samospisu internetowego jako podstawowej formy badania, obowiązującej wszystkie osoby podlegające spisowi, spowodowało, że organizator musiał stawić czoła takim problemom, jak brak kompetencji cyfrowych części społeczeństwa i trudności z dostępem do Internetu. GUS stosował różne formy komunikowania się ze społeczeństwem, głównie poprzez kampanie informacyjne, m.in. w mediach społecznościowych, a także na bieżąco reagował na komentarze zamieszczane w serwisie Facebook. Przeprowadzona analiza dostarcza wiedzy na temat sposobów uzyskiwania wiarygodnych danych, w szczególności przez internet.

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2022, 67, 11; 12-42
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

Rozwój myśli statystycznej w Polsce w XIX wieku
The development of statistical thought in Poland in 19th c.

Autorzy:

Ostasiewicz, Walenty

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/422656.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

statystka
historia
statistics
history

Opis:

W artykule tym przedstawiony jest krótki rys historyczny rozwoju statystyki. W szczególności wyjaśniony jest rodowód słowa statystyka. Na tle ogólnego rozwoju przedstawione zostały warunki społeczno-polityczne w jakich powstawała statystyka polska. Pobieżnie omówiono prace dotyczące statystyki, jakie ukazały się w zwartej postaci w XIX wieku. Organizacja statystyki publicznej i literatura na ten temat, jako osobna problematyka, w artykule tym nie jest omawiana. Dokonano zaś krótkiej analizy krytycznej istniejącego polskiego piśmiennictwa na temat rozwoju myśli statystycznej w Polsce.
This paper presents a short overview of the history of statistics in Poland. The most significant books published during XIX century are briefly described. Organization and publications concerning the official statistics are beyond the scope of this paper. A critical description of the existing polish literature concerning the history of statistics is also included into this paper.

Źródło:

Przegląd Statystyczny; 2012, 59, numer specjalny 1; 33-46
0033-2372

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Statystyczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

Statystyka mieszkaniowego majątku trwałego w Polsce – wyzwania metodyczne
Statistics of residential fixed capital in Poland – methodological challenges

Autorzy:

Cesarski, Maciej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18104568.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-05-02

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

statystyka publiczna
mieszkaniowy majątek trwały
wyzwania metodyczne
official statistics
residential fixed capital
methodological challenges

Opis:

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie aktualnych wyzwań metodycznych związanych ze statystyką mieszkaniowego majątku trwałego oraz jego reprodukcji, czyli strumieni oddziałujących na jego wartość. Z przeprowadzonych rozważań, opartych na przeglądzie informacji udostępnianych przez Główny Urząd Statystyczny i literatury przedmiotu dotyczącej problematyki polskiej, wynika, że statystyka publiczna nie dysponuje wystarczającymi informacjami, które umożliwiałyby wnioskowanie – zwłaszcza długookresowe – na temat kształtowania się mieszkaniowego majątku trwałego oraz jego miejsca w ogólnym układzie społeczno- -gospodarczym. Brakuje zwłaszcza danych niezbędnych do określania rzeczywistych rozmiarów (wolumenu), stopnia zużycia i proporcji zasobu mieszkaniowego majątku trwałego oraz strumieni wartości tego majątku przekazywanego do użytkowania lub likwidowanego, a także wartości nakładów na remonty oraz eksploatację zasobu. Wprowadzenie zmian w statystyce mieszkaniowego majątku trwałego zgodnie z zaproponowanymi wskazówkami mogłoby się przyczynić do lepszego ilustrowania przez statystykę trendów i innych gospodarczych zależności strukturalnych, decydujących o społecznym obliczu problematyki mieszkaniowej.
The aim of the article is to present the current methodological challenges related to the statistics of residential fixed capital and its reproduction, i.e. streams affecting its value. Our research, based on information from Statistics Poland and the literature relevant to the Polish experience, demonstrates that official statistics does not have enough information to draw conclusions – especially long-term ones – regarding the current shape of residential fixed capital in Poland and its place in a larger, socio-economic system. What is missing in particular are the data necessary to define the actual volume, degree of wear and tear and the proportion of the housing stock of fixed capital, as well as the value streams of this capital made available for use or liquidated. It is also impossible to determine the value of outlays on the renovation and operation of the housing stock. The implementation of changes in the statistics of residential fixed capital according to the guidelines proposed in this paper is likely to improve its ability to illustrate more accurately the trends and other economic structural dependencies that shape the social dimension of the housing problem.

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2023, 68, 4; 1-12
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

Demograficzny obraz ziem polskich w przededniu I wojny światowej
Demographic picture of the Polish lands before the outbreak of the First World War

Autorzy:

Pociecha, Józef

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962674.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

historia Polski
historia statystyki polskiej
ludność ziem polskich
I wojna światowa
history of poland
history of polish statistics
population of polish lands
first world war

Opis:

W 2018 r. Główny Urząd Statystyczny, wydawca roczników statystycznych, obchodził setną rocznicę powstania. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono zawartość książki będącej bezpośrednim poprzednikiem roczników statystycznych – wydanej w 1915 r. Statystyki Polski autorstwa Adama Krzyżanowskiego i Kazimierza Władysława Kumanieckiego, wybitnych statystyków i ekonomistów polskich. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja sytuacji demograficznej na ziemiach polskich w przededniu wybuchu I wojny światowej, co zapoczątkowuje analizę procesu odzyskania niepodległości prowadzoną przez pryzmat sytuacji demograficznej i społeczno-gospodarczej kraju. Przedstawiono liczbę ludności zamieszkującej poszczególne dzielnice ziem polskich ok. 1910 r., szacunki dotyczące liczby ludności polskiej na tych ziemiach oraz dane o skali emigracji i ruchu naturalnego ludności historycznych ziem polskich. Informacje te stanowią przyczynek do poznania historii odrodzenia niepodległości Polski oraz historii statystyki polskiej.
n 2018, Statistics Poland, the publisher of statistical yearbooks celebrated its 100th anniversary. The purpose of this work is to present a book which is the immediate predecessor of the Polish statistical yearbooks. The work, published in 1915, entitled ”Polish Statistics”, was elaborated by Adam Krzyżanowski and Kazimierz Władysław Kumaniecki, eminent Polish statisticians and economists. Based on this work, we can reconstruct the demographic picture of the Polish lands before the outbreak of the First World War, which initiates the analysis of the process of independence restoration through demographic and socio-economic situation of the country. The number of population on historical Polish lands around the year 1910 is shown. At the same time, the estimates of the number of Polish population on these lands with the information on the scale of emigration and vital statistics is presented. Such information contributes to the knowledge of the history of the rebirth of Polish independence and the history of statistics.

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2019, 64, 7; 56-69
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

Zastosowanie statystyki przestrzennej do analizy wynagrodzeń na poziomie powiatów
The use of spatial statistics in the analysis of salaries at poviat level in Poland

Autorzy:

Ręklewski, Marek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1968010.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-01-31

Wydawca:

Główny Urząd Statystyczny

Tematy:

wynagrodzenia
rynek pracy
statystyka przestrzenna
autokorelacja przestrzenna
salary
labour market
spatial statistics
spatial autocorrelation

Opis:

Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne wynagrodzeń stanowi przedmiot wielu badań naukowych zarówno w ujęciu teoretycznym, jak i empirycznym. Czynnikami determinującymi wysokość wynagrodzeń w Polsce są m.in. struktura i rodzaj działalności prowadzonej przez przedsiębiorstwa, specyficzne dla danego regionu i zależne od jego lokalizacji. Celem badania omawianego w artykule jest identyfikacja zależności przestrzennych zachodzących pomiędzy powiatami pod względem poziomu przeciętnych miesięcznych wynagrodzeń brutto z zastosowaniem statystycznych metod autokorelacji przestrzennej. Analizowano dane statystyczne za lata 2010–2019 zaczerpnięte z Banku Danych Lokalnych GUS. Wykorzystano miary globalne i lokalne. Do obliczenia globalnych parametrów autokorelacji przestrzennej posłużyły statystyki I Morana i C Geary’ego, a do identyfikacji autokorelacji lokalnej – statystyka Ii Morana, należąca do lokalnych wskaźników przestrzennych z grupy LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Association). Istotność statystyczną statystyk globalnych zweryfikowano przy wykorzystaniu podejścia randomizacyjnego opierającego się na momentach teoretycznych. Z globalnych statystyk I Morana i C Geary’ego wynika, że w badanym okresie pomiędzy powiatami występowała istotna (bardzo słaba lub słaba) dodatnia autokorelacja przestrzenna pod względem poziomu przeciętnych miesięcznych wynagrodzeń brutto. Świadczy ona o tym, że istnieją przestrzenne struktury powiatów o podobnych wartościach, a więc klastry charakteryzujące się wysokimi lub niskimi wartościami przeciętnej płacy. Wzrost wartości statystyki I Morana oraz spadek C Geary’ego w analizowanych latach wskazuje na zmniejszenie się zróżnicowania przeciętnych miesięcznych wynagrodzeń pomiędzy powiatami, a tym samym na wzrost autokorelacji przestrzennej. Analiza otrzymanych statystyk lokalnych pozwoliła na wyróżnienie klastrów podobnych powiatów: mazowieckiego, pomorskiego i śląskiego, a także wskazała na występowanie powiatów odstających (ang. outliers).
The spatial differentiation of salaries is the subject of many scientific studies, both theoretical and empirical. One of the factors determining remuneration in Poland is the structure and type of business activity, specific for a given region and depending on its poviats (counties) in terms of the level of the average gross monthly salary by means of spatial autocorrelation statistical methods. The analysed statistical data for 2010–2019 come from the Local Data Bank (Bank Danych Lokalnych – BDL) of Statistics Poland. Global and local measures were used in the analysis. The calculation of the global parameters of spatial autocorrelation was based on the I Moran and C Geary statistics, while the Ii Moran statistic, which belongs to local spatial indicators from the LISA group (Local Indicators of Spatial Association), was used to identify the local autocorrelation. The statistical significance of the global statistics was verified by means of a randomisation approach based on theoretical moments. The I Moran and C Geary global statistics indicated a significant (very weak or weak) and positive spatial autocorrelation between poviats in terms of the level of average gross monthly salaries in 2010–2019, which shows the existence of spatial poviat structures of similar values, i.e. clusters with high or low values of average salaries. The increase in I Moran’s statistics and the growth of the C Geary in the analysed period indicate a decrease in the differentiation of average monthly salaries between poviats, thus signifying an increase in the dependence of spatial autocorrelation. The analysis of the results of the obtained local statistics allowed the determination of clusters of similar poviats in Poland, e.g. Mazowiecki, Pomorski and Śląski. Furthermore, the results of the analysis indicated the presence of outlier poviats.

Źródło:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician; 2022, 67, 1; 38-56
0043-518X

Pojawia się w:

Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

Zastosowanie statystyk przestrzennych w analizie dostępności do infrastruktury ICT w Polsce
Application of Spatial Statistics in the Analysis of the Accessibility of the ICT Infrastructure in Poland

Autorzy:

Miśkiewicz-Nawrocka, Monika
Zeug-Żebro, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943016.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego

Tematy:

autokorelacja przestrzenna
infrastruktura ICT
syntetyczna miara rozwoju
spatial autocorrelation
ICT infrastructure
synthetic measure of development

Opis:

Sektor technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych ICT stanowi bardzo ważny element w działalności gospodarczej. Jego rozwój pozwala zwiększyć wzrost gospodarczy, innowacyjność i konkurencyjność gospodarki, a także zatrudnienie. Infrastruktura ICT jest nierozerwalnie związana z dostępem do Internetu oraz możliwościami jego upowszechniania, tj. techniczną dostępnością łączy internetowych oraz kosztem dostępu do nich, kosztem sprzętu do obsługi Internetu. W opracowaniu została przeprowadzona analiza dostępności do technologii ICT w Polsce, z uwzględnieniem podziału na województwa, za pomocą statystyk przestrzennych. W badaniach wykorzystano dane pochodzące z banku danych lokalnych GUS.
The ICT sector is a very important element in economic activity. Its development can boost economic growth, innovation and competitiveness of the economy and increase employment. The ICT infrastructure is inextricably linked to the Internet and the possibilities of its dissemination, ie. the technical availability and the cost of access to the Internet as well as the cost of Internet equipment. The paper presents an analysis of the accessibility of ICT in Poland using spatial statistics. The data used in the study come from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. All calcula-tions and maps were made in the R CRAN.

Źródło:

Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy; 2015, 44 cz. 2; 43-55
1898-5084
2658-0780

Pojawia się w:

Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Statistics on bankruptcy of companies in Poland

Autorzy:

Tomczak, Sebastian Klaudiusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420002.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

Tematy:

bankruptcy
statistics
business
business insolvency index

Opis:

The phenomenon of business failure in Poland came into being anew with the fall of the communist rule – it was the beginning of the 1990s, and the transition period from a centrally controlled market to a market economy was triggered. At that moment the market was a place where verification was being made regarding whether or not companies would be able to function, and consequently should they file for bankruptcy? Bankruptcy can be called a controlling device designed to eliminate the weakest links from the market, leaving the strongest players. This led to the creation of new statistical data, access to which has become easier over the years. This paper presents selected statistical data on bankruptcies of enterprises in Poland in the period 1990-2017. These data are presented by various credit information agencies by sector and region. However, these figures involve no relationship between the number of bankrupt enterprises and the number of operating ones. For this reason, the author calculated the statistical data, taking into account the relevant facts. The paper also introduces the business insolvency index and the newly established business index. The author suggested analyzing both of them in the analysis of bankruptcy data.

Źródło:

Nauki o Zarządzaniu; 2018, vol. 23 no. 3; 39-50
2080-6000

Pojawia się w:

Nauki o Zarządzaniu

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

Mineral Resource Taxation in Poland as Environmental Revenue

Autorzy:

Ochot, Artur

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35527323.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Tematy:

taxation of minerals
natural resource taxation
exploitation levy
tax on certain mineral extraction
environmental tax statistics

Opis:

The purpose of the article/hypothesis. The statistics on environmental taxes in Poland lack a very specific resource taxation in form of the tax on extraction of certain minerals and the exploitation levy, which is the subject of this article. This paper aims to provide a proof that these taxes should be considered environmental in nature and as such are required to be reported by the European law. Thus, the article suggests and recommends that national environmental tax revenues data should be corrected. Methodology. First, the law and literatue overview is presented, taking view on the characteristics of environmental taxes and placing those taxes that are subject of this article into this category. Next, fiscal importance of those taxes is measured within budgets of its receivers. Additionally, the article provides the information on how much environmental tax statistics would have changed after taking into consideration the taxes discussed in this article. The research period of this study is 2012–2020. It is dictated by the introduction of tax on certain mineral extraction and the latest budget reports available. The research is limited by the accessibility of public data which does not provide separate accounts of hydrocarbon taxes (which should be excluded from environmental data) and taxes on other minerals. Results of the research. The overview of the literature provides some evidence that the exploitation levy should be treated as a tax and, together with the tax on certain mineral extraction, should be treated as environmental in nature. Thus, they should be implemented in national environmental tax statistics. Although majority of environmental tax revenues is made by taxes on energy, the result of this implementation would significantly change values of taxes on pollution and resources, making it second (out of three) most important category within environmental taxes in Poland.

Źródło:

Finanse i Prawo Finansowe; 2022, 4, 36; 55-70
2391-6478
2353-5601

Pojawia się w:

Finanse i Prawo Finansowe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

Do motorisation statistics reflect the real geography of car ownership in Poland?

Autorzy:

Kołsut, Bartłomiej
Stryjakiewicz, Tadeusz
Gadziński, Jędrzej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15803037.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-06-30

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

motorisation statistics
car ownership
geographical distribution
Polska

Opis:

The article aims to identify the shortcomings of the statistics describing the size and structure of passenger car parc in Poland, and to formulate the consequences of these limitations for geographical research. Analysed in detail, the shortcomings are divided into three groups: (1) ‘dead souls’, i.e. an overestimation of the number of vehicles which have not been on the road for a long time but remain on the register; (2) ‘cars with a grid’ (cars registered as trucks in which the cargo part is separated from passenger seats by a metal grid), i.e. an underestimation of the number of passenger cars and overestimation of the number of trucks related to the mass phenomenon of registering passenger cars as large goods vehicles (LGV-approved cars); and (3) company cars, i.e. an overestimation of the number of vehicles in cities where leasing companies and large enterprises owning those cars have their headquarters. The article determines the scale of car ownership overestimation in Poland and the areas where this overestimation is the highest, using districts (PL: powiaty) as basic spatial units. We conclude that the present motorisation statistics do not fully re flect the real geography of car ownership in Poland.

Źródło:

Quaestiones Geographicae; 2022, 41, 2; 95-108
0137-477X
2081-6383

Pojawia się w:

Quaestiones Geographicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

Obraz przestępczości w Niemczech oraz w Polsce w okresie transformacji ustrojowej (wybrane aspekty)
Crime in Germany and Poland in the Period of Transformation (Selected aspects)

Autorzy:

Kury, Helmut
Krajewski, Krzysztof
Obergefell-Fuchs, Joachim

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699163.pdf

Data publikacji:

1996

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

przestępczość
Niemcy
Polska
okres transformacji ustrojowej
statystyki policyjne
delinquency
Germany
Polska
period of transformation
police statistics

Opis:

Among the negative side-effects of the fall of "Realsozialismus" in Central and Eastern Europe and the process of political, social and economic transformations initiated in 1989 there was a deterioration of internal safety in those countries. According to a popular opinion, this was manifested, among other things, by a growth - a rapid one in many instances - in the extent and intensity of crime, and also in negative changes of its structure which consisted in a particularly fast growth of tle most serious crime or emergence of its new and very dangerous forms, hitherto unknown in those countries. From this viewpoint, criminological literature in all those countries without exception has recently been presenting an extremely pessimistic picture of a growing threat of crime which can at any moment get out of control. As a consequence, fear of crime is growing in societies involved, and appeals can be heard more and more often from politicians that “law and order” be instituted. The present paper does not aim at negating either the growth of crime in post-Communist societies itself or the negative changes of the structure of crime. It is our aim first of all to compare the state of crime that follows from the two basic modern sources of information on this area, that is oflicial statistics of crime and victimization surveys, and to point to some related problems. The analysis is limited to two countries, Germany and Poland. Concerned in the former case is, of course, mainly analysis of phenomena found in the new federal lands of united Germany, that is the territory of former GDR, but also consequences of the union for the state of crime in Germany as a whole. One of the basic problems posed by analysis of extent, intensity and dynamics of reported crime, that is crime recorded in oflicial statistics in countries of Central and Eastern Europe, is reliability of statistical data from the period of “Realsozialismus” which serve as the point of departure of all comparisons. The growth in reported crime in the territory of former GDR has indeed been dramatic after 1990; yet the point of departure for comparisons involved here are GDR police statistics which showed the extent of reported crime as 10% of that in “old” FRG. Today, German criminologists agree that GDR crime statistics were regularly “improved” for ideological and political reasons, the real extent of crime being much higher there.             Similar problems can be found in Poland where a rapid growth in reported crime took place only once in principle, that is in 1990. Later on, the extent of reported crime became stabilized at the new level “established” in 1990. It is highly improbable that the impact of social and economic reform on crime in Poland was limited to a “big bang” in 1990 and then ceased. Also here, we dealt rather with a specific statistical artifact and not with a single rapid growth in the extent of crime. What also speaks for this thesis is the fact that crime used to be “under-recorded” in police statistics in Poland as well through a policy of extremely selective reception by the police of information about offenses. Abandonment of this practice after 1989 resulted in a serious growth of recorded crime. Appraising the dynamics of reported crime in Central and Eastern Europe, one should also bear it in mind that the growth in crime there not necessarily followed the breakdown of “Realsozialismus”. In many countries, former USSR in particular, the growth in crime actually preceded change. Also in recent years, Central and East-European statistics have by no means been showing a constant and rapid growth in reported crime. There were rather fluctuations (if quite rapid at times), followed by a recent downward trend in some of the countries involved. Still another important problem is comparison of the extent of reported crime in post-Communist and in developed Western societies. Discussing the “flood” of crime in Central and Eastern Europe, one tends to forget that in most cases, the actual extent of crime in the region is still much lower than in most countries of Western Europe. Comparison of the situation in Germany and Poland may serve as an example here. I ulated. As far as possible, the state of crime in post-Communist societies should also be appraised on the basis of sources other than the official statistics. Helpful here can be first of all data from victimization surveys, alas still a rarity in Central and Eastern Europe. Yet basing on available data for Germany and Poland (chiefly from the International Crime Survey of 1992) it can be stated that victimization surveys show an extent of real crime much higher than the one that follows from official statistical data. This means a very high dark number of crime in Poland and elsewhere in the region, caused probably by the people’s very low tendency to report facts of victimization to the police. At any rate, from data on victimization it follows that the extent of real crime in Poland is higher as compared to Germany. This is not to say, though, that crime in Poland “breaks all the records”. With some exceptions concerning chiefly offenses against property such as theft and pickpocketing, Poland has an average extent of crime judging by European “standards'” in this respect. Basing on data from victimization surveys, also the territorial differentiation of the extent of crime in Germany and Poland can be analyzed. The basic problem in Germany is the noticeable difference between southern and northern lands, the latter having a much higher extent of crime, and also the process of the new lands “catching up” with or even “outstripping” the old ones in this respect during the last five years. Quite distinct regularities can also be found in Poland; some of them are known from earlier literature. Thus first of all, there is a noticeably higher extent of crime in Western and Northern Territories of Poland and a low extent in Wielkopolska region. It is interesting to correlate those regularities with selected demographic and socio-economic data on individual regions of the two countries. In Germany, unfavorable values of those indices found in the north of “old” FRG and in former GDR are rather explicitly correlated with a higher extent of crime. In Poland where territorial differentiation of the indices is less distinct, some regularities in this respect can nevertheless be found, too. At the samo time it seems, though, that the extent of crime in Poland is the highest in regions where, due to specific local features, the social costs of reform are the greatest and most painful.

Źródło:

Archiwum Kryminologii; 1996, XXII; 7-41
0066-6890
2719-4280

Pojawia się w:

Archiwum Kryminologii

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

Financial Crime in Socialist Poland and Its Causes in the Light of Polish Central Statistical Office (GUS) Statistics

Autorzy:

Błażejczyk-Majka, Lucyna
Macyra, Roman

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390713.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-02-07

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

financial crime
statistics
GUS
socialist economy
“3 Cs” model

Opis:

It might seem natural to think that the socialist model of the economy, and a reality where collective property prevailed, eliminated the problem of financial crime. But did it really? This paper, which presents the scale of this type of crime as reflected by GUS (Polish Central Statistical Office) statistics, is an attempt at answering this question. At the same time we would like to present the “3 Cs” model (circumstances, character, chance), in which all the “C” factors occurred simultaneously, but on each occasion each of these had a different impact on the particular criminal act.

Źródło:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2016, 34; 7-32
0081-6485

Pojawia się w:

Studia Historiae Oeconomicae

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

Traffic safety of main roads in Poland

Autorzy:

Jurecki, R.
Poliak, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064436.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

STE GROUP

Tematy:

traffic safety
roads in Poland
accidents
analysis
statistics
bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
wypadki
analiza
statystyka
drogi krajowe

Opis:

The article presents an analysis of traffic safety on major communication routes in Poland. The total number of accidents in Poland has been compared and analysed in relation to the objectives in the context of the GAMBIT programs and the National Road Safety Program for the years 2013-2020. Analyses of the number of accidents in the years 2004-2017 have been presented in the article. A significant decrease in accidents has been demonstrated and annual changes determined, the value of which ranged from 12.15 to 6.74%. The statistics on fatalities have been also analysed. A midyear change in the number of fatalities has been determined, which constitute -4.4% in the analysed period. The data on the number of vehicles registered in Poland, which considerably affects traffic congestion, has been presented. In spite of this, there has been no increase in the number of accidents. The work compares changes in the length of the most important types of routes in Poland, as well as accidents and fatalities that occurred on them. With the decreasing overall number of accidents in Poland, there has been a noticeable drop in accidents per 100 km of road length also on these roads. The fatality rate per 100 accidents in Poland has been determined and the average value of this rate in 2017 was 8.64, while on the analysed roads it ranged from 12.3 to 14.6.

Źródło:

New Trends in Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 63-71
2545-2843

Pojawia się w:

New Trends in Production Engineering

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

Dyskusja nad statystyką nauki i techniki w Polsce
Discussion on the Statistics of Science and Technology in Poland

Autorzy:

Kozłowski, Jan

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367340.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016-02-09

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Opis:

Celem artykułu jest omówienie głównych źródeł ograniczeń wartości danych oraz wskaźników statystyki nauki i techniki w Polsce w stosunku do potrzeb osób decydujących o rozwoju badań naukowych i technologicznych na szczeblu politycznym, a także na szczeblu zarządzania. Autor omawia ograniczenia związane z: charakterem samej statystyki jako źródła danych dla diagnozy i podejmowania decyzji; sposobem prezentacji materiału statystycznego; obecną fazą rozwoju statystyki nauki i techniki w krajach rozwiniętych; błędami interpretacji danych statystycznych; niepełną użytecznością danych i wskaźników skonstruowanych w krajach rozwiniętych gospodarczo w stosunku do potrzeb użytkowników w krajach słabiej rozwiniętych; niedostatecznym zapotrzebowaniem na statystyki nauki i techniki w kręgach decyzyjnych; odchyleniem danych od rzeczywistości wskutek sposobu gromadzenia statystyki przez krajowe urzędy statystyczne.
This article discusses the limited value of statistical data and indices on science and technology in Poland with respect to the requirements of those who make important decisions about scientific and technological research at the political and management level. The author discusses limitations caused by: the nature of statistics as a source of information for assessment and decision making; the current stage of development of the statistics of science and technology in developed countries; the limited applicability of data and indicators constructed in developed countries to the requirements of users in poorly developed countries; the insufficient demand for science and technology statistics among decision-makers; and the way statistical data are collected.

Źródło:

Nauka i Szkolnictwo Wyższe; 2002, 1, 19; 51-66
1231-0298

Pojawia się w:

Nauka i Szkolnictwo Wyższe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

LABOUR MARKET IN POLAND FOR WOMEN AND MEN 50+

Autorzy:

Gajda, Jan B.
Wiktorowicz, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453870.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki

Tematy:

ageing
economic activity
employment
multivariate statistics

Opis:

Population ageing is one of the major challenges of modern Europe. In this context is worth to assessment the differences in the situation of women and men aged 50+ on the labour market. In the area of interest are primarily people aged 50-59/64, which are at this stage of life in which the situation on the labour market is particularly difficult. Paper was prepared mainly on the basis of the unpublished data developed within the project “Equalisation of Opportunities in the Labour Market for People Aged 50+”. The analysis was conducted with the application of basic descriptive statistics, as well as chi-squared test. Comparing income of women and men aged 50+, t-Student test and median test for independent samples, as well as one- and two-way analysis of variance were used.

Źródło:

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2014, 15, 1; 29-36
2082-792X

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Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

Criminological aspect of suicide in Poland in the period 2014-2019

Autorzy:

Kurak, Aleksandra
Szydłowski, Dariusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233627.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-12-30

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

Tematy:

suicide
criminology
death
statistics introduction

Opis:

The paper discusses and analyses the criminological aspect of suicide in Poland in the period of 2014-2019. The first part of the paper introduces classification of suicidal behaviour and terminology related to auto-aggression and self-harm acts. On the basis of statistical data provided by the Polish Police Headquarters, the authors present and analyse the structure and dynamics of completed and attempted suicides in the studied period and show the scale of the phenomenon and its development tendencies. In the second part of the paper, the authors provide a criminological classification of violent death due to its cause. Based on the literature of the subject, the authors then make an analysis of selected deadly methods which by definition are the consequence of the suicidal decision or the consequence of a murder disguised as suicide or simply, consequences of an unfortunate accident. The paper culminates with the analysis of the phenomenon of suicide in Poland based on the Police statistics with respect to the effectiveness of methods used in order to take one’s own life. In the ratio of suicidal deaths to suicide attempts the authors determine the methods which trigger the highest percentage of deaths i.e. the methods with higher level of aggression or higher determination of the suicidal individual. It is also observed that the Police list of suicide methods features new additions.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej; 2022, 26, 4; 60-70
2543-9103
2543-411X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

Kształtowanie się przestępczości nieletnich w Polsce w latach 1951-1960 w świetle statystyki sądowej
Juvenile Delinquency in Poland in the Years 1951-1960 in the Light of Judicial Statistics

Autorzy:

Jasiński, Jerzy

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699286.pdf

Data publikacji:

1964

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

przestępczość nieletnich
statystyka sądowa
nieletni recydywiści
juvenile delinquency
judicial statistics
juvenile recidivism

Opis:

In accordance with the criminal legislation in force in Poland, the term of juvenile delinquents comprises those persons who have committed a criminal offence before completing their seventeenth year of age. Such juveniles are prosecuted, as a rule, before special juvenile courts; they may be sentenced only to the application of various kinds of educational means, or be placed in a correctional institution. The subject of the present contribution is an analysis of the statistical materials connected with the juvenile persons found guilty within the ten years 1951- 1960. Such materials, making up the judicial statistics of juvenile delinquency, are formed by adding up the records from record cards filled by the law-courts - in every single case where educational and correctional means have been decreed with regard to a juvenile person. Consequently, the above statistics are in Poland, as, incidentally, in a great many other countries, those of findings of guilt, and not of the persons found guilty; every juvenile person is counted there as many times as the application of such means was decreed with regard to him. The data contained in such and similar statistics are known not to provide information about the actual dimensions of juvenile delinquency. A sporadic perpetration of certain minor offences, particularly theft, is extremely widespread among the totality of children and young people, and the perpetrators of such offences brought to light and prosecuted before the law-courts constitute but an insignificant percentage of the total number of juveniles who have committed this or that offence. Independently of the above-mentioned record cards, which furnish us with a great many data concerning the juveniles found guilty, there exist other sources of information concerning a certain even wider category of juveniles, namely those, against whom there was a suspicion, at some stage or other of the prosecution, that they were the perpetrators of offences: special court reports and police statistics. The data taken from judicial reports inform us that the juvenile courts dealt, in the years 1951 to 1960, with 25,000 to 38,000 cases of juvenile delinquents every year. Approximately 56 to 61 per cent, of those juveniles with regard to whom the application of educational and delinquents every year. consisted of persons correctional means was decreed (i. e. the juveniles found guilty), from 20 to discontinued in the 31 per cent. - juveniles, prosecution against whom was of preparatory proceedings, 6 to 11 per cent. - the juveniles acquitted, - those, whose cases were dealt with in some other ordinary law-court, course and 7 to 12 per cent. –(most frequently by making the case over to an because of the suspect person having completed 17 years of age). quite exceptionally appealed against by the Public Prosecutor, and very rarely by the accused themselves (in a mere cent, of the cases). In at least one-half of the total number of cases maintained in force by the courts way The decrees of juvenile courts are 3 to 5 per of appeal the decrees appealed against are of appeal. It was only in very few cases that the alteration of the decrees appealed against found their expression in the finding guilty of a juvenile acquitted, or else in acquitting one found guilty; mostly they consist in changing the educational means of the making accused over to a correctional institution. Between the number of juveniles, whose cases are annually dealt with by juvenile courts, and the number of juveniles suspected by the police of the perpetration of offences there were, particularly in the years 1951 - 1954, considerable differences, which showed that a large number of juveniles with whom the juvenile courts had to deal, were directed there not by the police. ? Within recent years such differences have become much smaller, so that at considered that the large majority of cases dealt with by the juvenile courts find their way there through the intermediary of the police Year                           Rate            Index number of juveniles found guilty           1951       15641        4.5                  100.0 1952       18022        5.3                  117.8   1953       21444        6.5                  144,4 1954       18495        6.0                  133,3 1955       16307        5.5                  122,2 1956       13474        4.6                  102,2 1957       15019        4.9                  108,9 1958       16821        5.1                  113,3 1959       19730        5.6                  124,4      1960       20520        5.4                  120,0     In spite of the appearance, within the ten-year period in question, of certain variations in the frequency of juveniles being found guilty, a detailed analysis of the data provided by both judicial and police statistics has demonstrated that there were no foundations for an assumption that such variations were connected with any actual increase or decrease in juvenile delinquency. The yearly frequency of juveniles being found guilty (i. e. of persons between the ages of ten and sixteen) was expressed, throughout the 1951 - 1960 period, by an average rate equal to 5.3.   In accordance with the latest data available to us from the pre-war period, namely from 1937, the number of juveniles found guilty that year amounted to 29384, while the frequency of their findings of guilt was only slightly higher than the average rate for the years 1951 - 1960; the corresponding rate amounted to 5.5. If the frequency of juveniles being found guilty were to remain, within the nearest future, on the same level as in the years 1959 - 1960 (when the rate amounted to about 5.5), then - in connection with the ever more numerous age-groups, composed of children born after the war, and now reaching the “ juvenile” age groups - the probable number of juveniles found guilty would amount to about 26320 in 1965, consequently by some 28 per cent, more than in 1960. In order to evaluate properly the amount of the findings of guilt of larger groups of juveniles over longer periods of time, the rates which inform us about the above frequency within one year only, are of no use. Therefore in order to achieve this aim we must look for other measurements of the frequency of findings of guilt. It appears particularly tempting to take for such a measurement the percentage of persons who had been found guilty of offences committed while they were still juveniles, as compared with the total number of those born within the year in question. If the above percentage be calculated with regard to the number of persons born within one calendar year at the moment when they completed seventeen years of age, that measurement will inform us, what part of the group of persons who have just become adults consists of those who had been found guilty as juvenile delinquents.    The appropriate calculations have been made for persons born in the years 1941 to 1944, i. e. for persons who are from nineteen to twenty-two years old in 1963. At the moment when they were just seventeen, from 3.5 to 3.8 per cent, of their number consisted of persons found guilty for offences committed while they were juveniles. As for boys alone, the above-mentioned percentages were of the size of from 6.3 to 6.8 per cent., which means that, approximately, every fifteenth young man born in the years 1941 to 1944 was previously found guilty of offences committed during the period when he was still a juvenile. One of the problems which a considerable deal of attention has been devoted to in the present contribution are the local differences between the degree of frequency of juveniles being found guilty. Two aspects of the problem were disscussed: that of the differences in the size of the rates calculated for the several voyevodships, and for town and country respectively.   Even though Poland is divided into twenty-two large administrative units, called voyevodships, yet in the present contribution their number was assumed to be only seventeen; this was done by joining the five largest cities, having the status of a separate voyevodship, with the surrounding voyevodships (thus e. g. Warsaw and the voyevodship of Warsaw, Poznan and the voyevodship of Poznań, etc., have been treated as one single voyevodship). In the size of the rates, therefore, calculated on the basis of the number of the juveniles found guilty in the several voyevodships, there appeared considerable differences, which, however, proved to be smaller towards the end of the ten-year period under investigation, than they had been at its beginning. When, within each year, the voyevodships were placed in a sequence corresponding to that of the size of the coefficient of juvenile delinquency, it appeared that a relatively higher degree of frequency of juveniles being found guilty were always characteristic of some voyevodships, while others showed a relatively lower degree of frequency (W = 0.87)[1]. It also appeared that there existed a correlation between the degree of frequency of juveniles being found guilty in various voyevodships and the degree of frequency of the convictions of young persons between the ages of seventeen and twenty (in 1955: % = 0.53; in 1957: t = 0.51)[2]; on the other hand, correlation with the intensity of adult convictions looked rather doubtful. Generally speaking, a relatively higher degree of frequency of juveniles being found guilty was characteristic of the western and north-western voyevodships, while in the remaining areas of the country it was distinctly lower. Of course, the question arises of how to explain the above differences in the size of the rates. An attempt was made to provide an answer, by establishing whether the voyevodships with a high degree of frequency of findings of guilt were also those where such phenomena, thought to affect the increase or decrease of juvenile delinquency, appeared. For this purpose a number of demographic data of various kinds have been made use of, viz. those showing the characteristic features of , above all the dimensions and intensity of population migrations, the process of urbanization and industrialization. The following results have been obtained.[3] The voyevodships which were characterized by the highest degree of frequency of juveniles being found guilty were, as a rule, the very same voyevodships, in which the population migrations caused by the Second World War and by its consequences have attained the most considerable dimensions, as well as those, in which in the years 1952 to 1957 there was recorded the largest population increase and its smallest decrease connected with the voyevodship- to - voyevodship migrations. These were, moreover, the following voyevodships: those where a considerable part of the population drew their principal livelihood from sources other than agriculture; those where the bulk of the population consisted of town->dwellers, and finally those, where the urbanization process during the years 1950 to 1960, was most rapid as compared with the 1950 level. Marked differences have been observed in the frequency of juveniles being found guilty as between town and country. In the towns it was approximately three times higher than in the country (the corresponding rates, in 1960, amounted to 8.4 and 3.0, respectively). Consequently, one in every one hundred and nineteen juveniles was found guilty in towns, as compared with one in every three hundred and thirty three in the country. The lack of appropriately detailed demographic data has made impossible a more precise analysis of the frequency of juveniles being found guilty as between towns of various sizes. All we know is that, in 1960, the rate equal to 9.7 for the five largest cities, each of which has over 400,000 inhabitants, was higher than that in the -remaining towns (8.1). Judging from the 1960 data, in the voyevodships where the intensity of juvenile convictions was relatively high in the towns, it also proved to be relatively high in the country (T = 0.56). The dimensions of the intensity of juvenile convictions in the country seem to be somewhat connected with the degree of “ urbanization” of the countryside: viz. in those voyevodships, in which the frequency of findings of guilt in the country was higher than that in others, the percentage of persons, among the rural population, who drew their livelihood from trades other than agriculture being also higher (T = 0,29). Among the total number of juveniles found guilty, the enormous majority (approximately 90 per cent.) consisted of boys, whereas their percentage increased, from 89 per cent, in 1951 to 93 per cent, in 1960. Similarly, among the young people and young adults between seventeen and twenty years of age, the share of men increased within the same period. As a result of this, while in 1951 the rate for boys (7.8) was seven times higher than that for girls (1.1), by 1960 it was already as much as twelve times higher (the corresponding rates then amounted to 9.9 and 0.8 respectively). The frequency of boys being found guilty was expressed by a mean rate amounting to 9.7, while that for girls was 1.0; in the period under investigation, therefore on an average one boy in one hundred and Tyree was found guilty, and one girl in a thousand, both of them within the age groups of from ten to sixteen years of age. Relative differences in the frequency of juveniles being found guilty which appeared as between the several voyevodships exhibited marked features of constancy, for boys (W = 0.85), as well as for girls (W = 0.82). It has also turned out that for both boys and girls, there existed a correlationbetween the frequency of their being found guilty in the several voyevodships, and the degree of frequency, in the voyevodships in question, of the above social phenomena which strongly affect juvenile delinquency. In the years 1959 and 1960 the frequency of boys being found guilty was more than ten times higher than that of girls, bath for town-dwellers and for village-dwellers. The number of juveniles found guilty gradually increases as we pass from the junior to the senior age groups. Among the total number of juveniles found guilty there were three to four times less ten-year-olds than there were fourteen-, fifteen-, or sixteen-year-olds. The average degree of frequency of juveniles being found guilty within the several age groups was as follows within the period under investigation (in rates per 1000 persons in the corresponding age groups): 10-year-olds   2.4 11-year-olds   3.5  12-year-olds  4.8 13-year-olds  6.3 14-year-olds  7.1 15-year-olds  7.7 16-year-olds  6.6     The fact that the rate obtained for 16-year-olds is lower than that for 15-year-olds results from the author’s inability (because of the lack of the appropriate data) to take into consideration to a sufficient extent approximately twenty to thirty per cent, of the 16-year-olds, namely those who were convicted by ordinary law-courts after having completed their seventeenth year of age, and consequently when they were already adults.   Within the 1951 through 1960 period the average age of the juveniles found guilty in the successive years underwent changes connected, to some extent at least, with the total number of juveniles in the several year-groups. While in 1951 the average age of the juveniles found guilty was 14.0 years, by 1955- 1957 it had reached 14,2 years and subsequently it gradually dropped to 13.8 years in 1960. The above observation has proved to be very important: for, indeed, it was the changes in the juveniles’ age that made it possible for us to explain a number of discrepancies found to occur in the information concerning the juveniles found guilty in various years of the period under investigation.   The average concentration of conviction rates for boys and girls, as well as the quotient of their respective numbers are as follows in the period under investigation for the several age-groups within a year:                          Boys     Girls         for 100 boys found guilty there                                                         were girls found guilty   10-year-old      4.3      0.3            6,8 11-year-old      6. 5      0.4           6.6    12-year-old      8.9      0.6.           7.0       13-year-old     11.6     0.9           7.2 14-year-old     12. 9.  1.2            9.4 15-year-old      13.5   1.9           13.9 16-year-old.     11.2   2.0           17.2 The above remarks concerning the value of the rates for 16-year-olds, as well as the changes in the average ages of those found guilty, naturally also apply both to boys and to girls. In every year of the 1951 to 1960 period the girls found guilty were, on average, older than the boys found guilty; the differences between their average ages have proved to be statistically significant[4]. The girls found guilty within the 1959 to 1960 period were also significantly older while than the boys found guilty in the same years, only for town-dwellers, the difference was not significant for village-dwellers. It has also been established that the boys found guilty within the same years and living in towns were significantly younger than those living in the country, while no such differences have been found to occur in the case of girls. The frequency of findings of guilt of the oldest age-groups of juvenile boys from the towns has assumed serious proportions:, in 1959 and 1960 from 2.0 per cent, to 2.7 per cent, of the total number of town-dwelling 14 to 16-year-old boys were annually found guilty. Among the 20,520 juveniies found guilty in 1960 - 15,927 (77.6 per cent.) had both parents living, 3,650 (17.8 per cent.) had only a mother, 720 (3.5 per cent.) had only a father, while a mere 223 (1.1 per cent.) were orphans. In the years 1953 to 1956 the family situation of the juveniles found guilty assumed even less favourable proportions: a bare two-thirds of their number had both parents living, half-orphans constituted about thirty per cent., while complete orphans from 3 to 4 per cent.   The percentage of juveniles who were actually under the guardianship of both parents was, in every single year, lower by several per cent, than the percentage of those who had both parents alive. Approximately one in every four or five juveniles found guilty was under the guardianship of a solitary mother (either widowed or else deserted by her husband).   On the basis of judicial statistics alone it is impossible to form a proper opinion of what social strata the juveniles found guilty were recruited from. Only indirect and but vaguely approximate information concerning that may be found in the data on the kind of occupation of the parents or guardians of the juvenile in question; for the years 1953 to 1960 they presented the following picture: juveniles whose parents (guardians) were manual workers amounted to from 60 to 62 per cent., the children of white-collar workers - from 9 to 10 per cent., farmers (the enormous majority of them had farms of their own) - from 19 to 22 per cent., artisans working in their own workshops or small traders - from 1 to 2 per cent.; the remaining few per cent, of juveniles consisted of those, whose parents or guardians remained without any permanent occupation, or of juveniles who had neither parents nor guardians. Among the juveniles found guilty every year from 81 to 88 per cent, committed offences against property (as a rule, of theft); most them had committed crimes against the property of private citizens, while the remaining ones - against social property. Juveniles prosecuted for crimes against life and health accounted for from 3 to 6 per cent.., for sexual offences - for from 0.7 to 1.4 per cent., for forgery of documents - for from 0.5 to 2.1 per cent., while a few per cent, were found guilty every year of various other kinds of criminal offences. The perpetrators of serious crimes (such as homicide, manslaughter, serious bodily damage, robbery, rape, intimacy with minors below fifteen years of age) accounted for a mere few per cent, of the total number of the juveniles found guilty. Between the structure of the delinquency of the town-dwelling and that of the village-dwelling juveniles, as well as between that of boys and girls, certain minor differences were recorded, which – as proved by test x2 - were statistically significant. Age proved to be a factor which seriously influenced the structure of juvenile delinquency, as we move from the younger to the older age-groups, their criminality becoming more and more differentiated. Thus, e.g. in 1960 those prosecuted for the perpetration of offences against property accounted for 92 per cent, of the 10-year-olds found guilty, while only for 76 per cent, of the 16-year-olds; in the case of those prosecuted for offences against life and health the appropriate figures were 3 per cent, and 11 per cent, respectively, in sexual offences: 0.2 in document forgery: 0.1 per cent, and 1.4 per cent. Similarly the kinds of theft, the offence most frequently committed by juveniles, assumed various aspects, in accordance with their perpetrators. It appeared that certain changes in the structure of juvenile delinquency, which came to light in the course of the 1955 to 1960 period, were almost exclusively connected with the decrease in the average age of the juveniles found guilty during those years. One of the age pieces of information concerning the offence for which a juvenile was prosecuted before the courts, consists of the data recorded on the registration card, whether he or she has committed his or her offence individually or else in co-operation with other persons. Even though the entries on the registration card do not contain any information as to the character of the bond which united the juvenile to the persons who have perpetrated offences together with him, yet it could be assumed - on the basis of the results of special research on that problem - that, in every single case those found guilty of offences committed together with at least two fellow-perpetrators, were members of gangs of juvenile delinquents.                    The juveniles prosecuted for offences committed in a group (i.e. along with two or more fellow-perpetrators) constituted a considerable percentage of those annually found guilty (from 34 to 39 per cent.), a percentage only slightly lower than that of juveniles prosecuted for offences individually (from 38 to 43 per cent.). As could be surmised, the percentage of juveniles who committed offences on committed ones group was actually even higher in proportion to the total number of juveniles found guilty; for, indeed as a many of such juveniles were recorded in judicial statistics among the accused found guilty of the commission of offences perpetrated together with one fellow-perpetrator.   The percentage of juveniles who co-operated with adults (who were, as young adults, between seventeen and twenty years of age) in no single year of the period under investigation exceeded 9 per cent, of the total number of juveniles found guilty of committing offences together with other persons. The considerable importance which is ascribed, in the etiology of juvenile delinquency, to groups, has encouraged the author to check the question of whether, in the voyevodships with a relatively high frequency of juveniles being found guilty, those found guilty of the commitment of crimes perpetrated in a group were also relatively more numerous. That assumption was proved to be well-founded: for the data from the successive years of the 1957 to 1960 period the values of t obtained remained within years the range of from 0.50 to 0.60.   High percentages of juveniles found guilty of offences committed in a group (from 45 to 55 per cent.) among the total number of juveniles found guilty in the voyevodship in question, as well as low percentages (from 25 to 30 per cent.) were recorded in approximately the same voyevodships, in the 1957 to 1960 (W = 0.74).   Both the above observations also apply to boys, while in the case of girls, we lack foundations for considering that the territorial distribution of the girls who had committed offences in a group was connected with the degree of frequency of their being found guilty.   Neither has the assumption found its confirmation that there could exist a connection between the degree of frequency of juveniles being found guilty and the frequency of adult persons appearing in groups of juveniles. Cases of committing offences in a group were considerably more frequent for boys (from 36 to 41 per cent.) than girls (from 9 to 12 per cent.); approximately three-fourths of the girls found guilty were prosecuted for offences committed individually, while for boys the corresponding figure was only slightly above one-third. A marked dependence has been found to exist between the sex of a juvenile and the fact of his or her committing offences individually or else in groups. The juveniles who committed offences in groups have proved to be than those who committed them individually; this significantly younger observation holds for both boys and girls. Significant differences have been found to exist between the structure of the delinquency of the juveniles who acted as a group, and those who committed offences individually; these found their expression, foremost, in the juveniles who belonged to gangs of juvenile offenders frequently committing offences against property. On the basis of the materials contained in the judicial statistics only formal recidivism could be stated to exist, consequently it was possible to find out how many (and what kind of) juveniles found guilty e.g. within any given calendar year had already been found guilty before. Even such data, however, are far from complete; this is connected, in particular, with certain peculiarities of Polish criminal procedure, as of the recording of the findings of guilt of juveniles in judicial statis- first and more well as with the scope tics. Some of the more important among the data mentioned above are as follows: The percentages of recidivists among the juveniles found guilty within every single year of the 1953 to 1960 period were found within the range of from 12 per cent, to 18 per cent. About four-fifths of the recidivists consisted of juveniles who had only 1 In 1956 the compulsory school attendance (comprising seven classes of the elementary school) was extended to sixteen years of age, and in 1961 even to one appearance in court in the past; there were less than one hundred juveniles yearly who had previously been found guilty three times, and merely from fifteen to thirty who had been found guilty four or more times. An analysis of the local differences between the percentages of recidivists among the total number of juveniles in the several voyevodships has led to the conclusion that there did not exist any correlation between the degree of frequency of findings of guilt and the formal recidivism of juveniles. Juvenile recidivists were considerably more numerous among those found guilty who lived in cities and towns (from 14 per cent, to 23 per cent.) than among those who lived in the country (from 6 per cent, to 10 per cent.), considerably more numerous among boys (from 12 per cent, to 19 per cent.) than among girls (from 5 per cent, to 10 per cent.), among older offenders than among younger ones, among orphans and half-orphans than among those juveniles who were under the guardianship of both parents.   The structure of the delinquency of juvenile recidivists differed signifi- cantly from the structure of the delinquency of those juveniles who were prosecuted for the first time; in particular, juvenile recidivists were more frequently prosecuted for offences against property than were non-recidivists. Among those data of the judicial statistics of juvenile delinquency which have not been discussed in the present contribution, particularly noteworthy is the information concerning the amount of school education received by the juveniles found guilty. Even though, in the course of the period under investigation, the situation in so far as their training was concerned underwent a considerable improvement, it is still most unfavourable in various respects.    In the years 1954 to 1958 barely from 61 to 65 per cent, of the total number of juveniles found guilty attended school (by 1960 the percentage had increased to 81); in the same years from 20 to 25 per cent, of the total number of juveniles found guilty neither attended school nor worked (in 1960 - 13 per cent.). The percentage of those not attending school at an age of below 14 years (i.e. those still within the school-attending age) 1[5] was by several per cent, higher among the juveniles found guilty in all age groups than it was among all the children in Poland (in whose case it did not exceed 1 or 2 per cent.).   The belatedness in school curriculum of the juveniles found guilty was enormous and considerably exceeded the belatedness to be met with among the total number of school children in Poland.   Among the latter there were - depending on the class attended - from two-thirds to nine-tenths of the total number of pupils who had the age proper for the class in question, while among the juveniles found guilty who attended school there were (in the majority of the classes attended) considerably below one-half such pupils. The percentages of juveniles belated by three or more years in their school curriculum were many times higher among the juveniles found guilty than they were among the total number of school children.   The education level of those juveniles who had abandoned learning and were found guilty in the 1954 through 1960 demonstrated that barely from 36 per cent, to 46 per cent, of them finished the seven-class obligatory elementary education.   21. The materials contained in judicial statistics also make possible an analysis of the law-courts’ policy in the field of decreeing educational and correctional means, as well as providing some information on the application of the means mentioned above. The presentation of the results of such an analysis, however, would require a separate publication.   [1] This dependence was fixed by making use of Kendall’s coefficient of concordance W. (Cf. M. C. Kendall: Rank Correlation Methods, London 1955). In this case, as well as in all the others, the values of statistical tests have been provided, when the hypothesis of the independence of the variables investigated could be rejected at least at a level of significance of 0.05. [2] For the purpose of establishing the relation between the two rankings use was made of Kendall’s rank correlation coefficient %. (Cf: M.G. Kendall: Rank Correlation Methods, London 1955). [3] As a measurement of the correlation between the frequency of juveniles being found guilty and the several demographic variables investigated the rank correlation coefficient, was accepted. [4] Cf. H. Cramer: Mathematical Methods of Statistics (Polish translation, Warszawa 1958). [5] In 1956 the compulsory school attendance (comprising seven classes of the elementary school) was extended to sixteen years of age, and in 1961 even to 18 years, comprising eight classes of the elementary school.

Źródło:

Archiwum Kryminologii; 1964, II; 9-144
0066-6890
2719-4280

Pojawia się w:

Archiwum Kryminologii

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

Analysis of road accidents in Poland over the last ten years

Autorzy:

Jurecki, R. S.
Jaśkiewicz, M.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359038.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz

Tematy:

accident
accident statistics
accident causes

Opis:

The following paper presents an analysis of the number of accidents, injuries and deaths over the last years. Accident trends have been identified in Poland with reference to different seasons. It includes an analysis of statistical data on both the number of vehicles, type of accidents occurring on roads and their causes. The evaluation of the road accidents’ effects has been carried out.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2012, 32 (104) z. 2; 65-70
1733-8670
2392-0378

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

"Family office" development in Poland - true or fiction? Legal analysis

Autorzy:

Jabłoński, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19233606.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-03-31

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

Tematy:

family office
legal analysis
investment funds
statistics
legal regulations

Opis:

The article is a brief analysis of the legal understanding and functioning of the concept of "family office" at the present time. In the work, the author starts from the definition - what is a "family office", gives statistical data on the organizational forms operating in this way, discusses the specifics of the "family office", the identification of the "family office" against the background of the Polish Law on Foundations and the Law on Investment Funds and Management of Alternative Investment Funds, and addresses the issue of conflicts of interest of the "family office" arising from the Law on Investment Funds and Management of Alternative Investment Funds. The work answers the question - whether in Poland it is possible to create "family office" entities by wealthy families similar to such entities in Western countries.

Źródło:

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej; 2022, 26, 4; 6-11
2543-9103
2543-411X

Pojawia się w:

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 46.

Tytuł:

Financial Inclusion Indicators in Poland
Wskaźniki integracji finansowej w Polsce

Autorzy:

Gatnar, Eugeniusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904567.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Tematy:

financial inclusion
Central Bank statistics
payment system
linear order

Opis:

Financial inclusion refers to a state in which all working age adults have effective access to credit, savings, payments, and insurance from formal service providers. The aim of this paper is to introduce several indicators that show the level of financial inclusion in Poland. The indicators are calculated on the base of the data collected and compiled by the payment system statistics of the National Bank of Poland. We will also compare the value of the indicators for Poland to those of the other countries in database.
Integracja finansowa to stan, w którym wszyscy dorośli w wieku produkcyjnym mają dostęp do szerokiego zestawu usług sektora finansowego, takich jak: kredyty, oszczędności, opłaty oraz ubezpieczenia za pomocą pośredników świadczących usługi na tym rynku. Artykuł został poświęcony omówieniu dostępnych wskaźników integracji finansowej dla Polski. I to zarówno wskaźników indywidualnych, jak i syntetycznych. Dane do ich wyznaczenia są pobierane z systemów statystycznych banku centralnego; systemu płatniczego oraz bilansu płatniczego. Wartości wskaźnika służą do międzynarodowych porównań Polski pod względem dostępu do infrastruktury finansowej.

Źródło:

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2013, 286
0208-6018
2353-7663

Pojawia się w:

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

Przestępczość narkotykowa w Polsce w latach 1985-1996 w świetle danych statystyki policyjnej i sądowej
Drug Crime in Poland 1985-1996 in the Light of Police and Court Statistics

Autorzy:

Krajewski, Krzysztof

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698937.pdf

Data publikacji:

2000

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

przestępczość
narkotyki
statystyka
prawo karne
criminality
narcotics
statistics
criminal law

Opis:

In many countries of Western Europe, and of Northern America in particular, drug crime is a most serious problem both in the quantitative and the qualitative terms. This means that oflences of this type engage a considerable portion of the forces and means put at the disposal of law enforcement and criminal justice in those countries. Against this background, the question arises about the recent situation in this respect in Poland. The problem is that for many years after World War II, drug addiction was a problem of minor importance, also from the viewpoint of the police and courts. It was only in the latter half of the seventies, that a considerable drug subculture emerged in Poland, which resulted from propagation of homemade Polish heroin. And yet there was in Poland no "real'' black drug market or the division into dealers and consumers, as the addicts usually manufactured Polish heroin for themselves. Bigger changes only took place in the nineties, when Poland became a significant manufacturer of amphetamine for Western markets and an important transit country, especially for heroin smugglers from the so-called Balkan route. What remains unclear, instead, is the impact of those phenomena on the internal drug market. The extent of opiates subculture does not seem to have grown considerably, and Polish heroin still plevails, the "real" one being too expensive. What did go up, and significantly at that, is consumption of other drugs, especially amphetamine and marihuana. Yet against the general "moral panic" related to amphetamine, few epidemiology surveys indicate the greatest popularity of marihuana and not amphetamine among the school youth. The analysis discussed in the present paper aims first and foremost at answering the question as to the extent to which the above changes in drug addiction and traffic have been reflected in the functioning of law enforcement and criminal justice in Poland. To this aim, analyzed in the first place have been data on detected drug offences from police statistics, as well as date on convictions for such offences from court statistics. Basically, the analysis concerns the years 1985-1996 when the 1985 Drug Control Act was in force. With respect to the police statistics, analyzed have also been data for 1991-1998, that is the period of operation of the new 1997 Act. The major findings of my analysis can be summarized as follows. First and foremost, it has to be stated that in quantitative terms, the role of drug crime in the daily practice of law enforcement and criminal justice agencies in Poland in 1985-1996 was in fact of minor importance. Thus both detected drug offences shown in police statistics and convictions for such offences shown in court statistics constituted less than 1% of all offences and convictions as a rule. Admittedly, at the end of the discussed period, an upward trend in drug crime could be noticed in the police statistics in particular, and thus in the overall structure of crime; yet its extent is still much smaller compared to most West-European countries. The question remains largely open to what extent the growth in detected drug crime, particularly noticeable starting from 1994, results from an actual growth in the number of offences, as it may well result also from the Polish police forces' growing efficiency in detecting offences of this type. In 1985-1996, there was in Poland a most specific structure of drug crime. Thus two offences prevailed in the structure of both detected offences shown in police statistics and convictions contained in court statistics: illegal cultivation of poppy and illegal manufacture or processing of narcotic drugs. In some years, the two offences together accounted for over 80% of the bulk of drug crime registered by the police, and for even a greater proportion - up to 90% - of all convictions for such offences. Instead, the share in the overall structure of drug crime in Poland of such "classical'' offences as smuggling, trafficking and dealing in drugs was at the minimum level until 1994. It was only after that year that the proportion started to grow: by 1998, the structure was reversed with 65% of all offences detected that year being cases of dealing in drugs. So far, however, this shift is hardly reflected in the structure of convictions for such offences, which remains largely unchanged compared to previous years. This may demonstrate the Polish police forces' much greater efficiency in detecting drug dealers combined with persisting faults in the area of gathering evidence that would make it possible to indict specific persons in such cases. Another problem that can still be hardly called serious in Poland is punitive policy of courts with respect to drug offenders. Quite the contrary: there was a lot to indicate even in the eighties that the policy towards such offenders was even more liberal compared to the treatment received by other offenders. This was demonstrated by the role of fine as a selfstanding penalty, imposed much more often on drug offenders, and also by the more frequent staying of sentences. Of course, this situation resulted chiefly fiom the above-mentioned specific structure of the Polish drug crime. Traditionally prevailing among those guilty of the offence of illegal poppy cultivation were farmers, who whether intentionally ignored or were not aware of the limitations imposed on poppy cultivation by the 1985 Act. Among the illegal manufacturers of drugs, in turn, a considerable proportion were addicts who manufactured the Polish home-made heroin for themselves. Again, one can hardly speak of drug business in such cases. Most of the offenders were not profit-seekers. This means that under the 1985 Drug Control Act, Polish courts most seldom had to do with the "real" and "serious" drug crime - the long-established everyday routine of courts in most of the developed West-European and North-American countries where that crime absorbs a considerable portion of forces, means and energy of the local law enforcement. What is more, transformations of the Polish drug scene - reported by the police and the media - have so far been but slightly reflected in the work of Polish courts and in their penal policy. Again, the question remains open to what extent this situation might change over the next few years.

Źródło:

Archiwum Kryminologii; 2000, XXV; 81-121
0066-6890
2719-4280

Pojawia się w:

Archiwum Kryminologii

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

Analiza przestrzenna bezrobocia w Polsce
Spatial analysis of unemployment in Poland

Autorzy:

Pośpiech, Ewa

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/589097.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach

Tematy:

Autokorelacja przestrzenna
Bezrobocie w Polsce
Statystyki globalne i lokalne
Global and local statistics
Spatial autocorrelation
Unemployment in Poland

Opis:

W artykule analizowane jest zagadnienie bezrobocia w Polsce, w ujęciu regionalnym – wojewódzkim i powiatowym, przy użyciu statystyk przestrzennych, które pozwalają na ocenę i porównanie zjawiska z uwzględnieniem przestrzennych powiązań. W rozważaniach wykorzystano globalne miary autokorelacji przestrzennej, jakimi są statystyka globalna I Morana i statystyka C Geary’ego. Umożliwiają one badanie podobieństwa i zróżnicowania obiektów położonych względem siebie w określonej odległości. Ponadto, zastosowano miarę lokalnej autokorelacji przestrzennej – statystykę Morana Ii, na podstawie której można wyodrębnić skupiska o niskich lub wysokich wartościach zmiennej.
The main purpose of the paper is to study the unemployment phenomenon using spatial approach. Many researchers are interested in analyzing the phenomenon which is settled on spatial localization. One of them is unemployment which can be considered on national scale, as well as on smaller one (voivodeships or counties). In these analyses very useful can be tools of spatial statistics and econometrics. The most popular tools are spatial autocorrelation statistics which show the dependencies of variables in respect of spatial localization. In the paper global I Moran, global C Geary and local Ii Moran statistics were used.

Źródło:

Studia Ekonomiczne; 2015, 227; 59-74
2083-8611

Pojawia się w:

Studia Ekonomiczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

The Analysis of the Life Expectancy and the Selected Causes of Deaths in Poland with the Use of Spatial Statistics Methods

Autorzy:

Mielecka-Kubień, Zofia

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633016.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012-12-01

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Opis:

The goal of the presented research was to test the spatial autocorrelation of the life expectancy and the age-standardized mortality rates for selected causes of death in Poland according to gender in 2010. It was assumed that in the above mentioned cases the positive spatial autocorrelation in populations of men and women appears, and the spatial diversity of mortality depends on the standard of living of the population in question and on the level of industrialization of the region and its consequences. It has been stated that most of the considered coefficients show positive spatial autocorrelation, but differences between populations of men and women were observed. Agricultural capacity of the voivodeship shows positive effect on life expectancy and the level of some of the mortality rates of both genders.

Źródło:

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2012, 15, 4; 161-175
1508-2008
2082-6737

Pojawia się w:

Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

Charakterystyka przestępczości wśród cudzoziemców pochodzenia wietnamskiego w Polsce w świetle statystyki policyjnej, sądowej i penitencjarnej po 1989 roku
Characteristics of Crime Among Foreigners of Vietnamese Origin in Poland in View of Police, Penitentiary, and Judicial Statistics after 1989

Autorzy:

Nowak, Mateusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/489400.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe w Żytomierzu

Tematy:

foreigners,
Vietnamese,
crime,
criminology,
statistics

Opis:

In the paper, the author outlines the subject of crime among foreigners of Vietnamese origin in Poland. The Vietnamese residing in Poland were characterised as an introduction. Subsequent waves of immigration, their causes, problems of integration with the society, feeling of dissimilarity, and general features of this minority were analysed. Basic statistical data regarding the size of this group, regulations regarding the legality of their stay, and other important information were presented. Work performed in Poland, carrying out business activities, and everyday life were taken into account. In the second part of the paper, crime among the citizens of Vietnamese origin was analysed. The analysis was based mostly on figures extracted from police, penitentiary, and judicial statistics. Data on the number of persons of Vietnamese nationality in prisons and detention centres, the amount of crime related to irregular crossing of an external border, and other data characterising criminal behaviours of this group were presented. Moreover, examples of illegal activities including areas particularly at risk were given. The author emphasised that the Vietnamese are suspected of illegal crossing of external borders, smuggling, drug offences, and unlawful acts related to the widely understood commerce. A statistic regarding the Vietnamese convicted by a final court judgement in 2014 in view of the full extent of crime was demonstrated. In this case, penalties and penal measures ordered by the Polish judicial system and the categorisation of offences compliant with the legislation in effect. To conclude, the crime dynamics in Poland in 2003–2005 was presented.

Źródło:

Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona; 2017, 7; 98-113
2312-8933

Pojawia się w:

Studia Politologica Ucraino-Polona

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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