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Tytuł:
Assessment Of Joints Using Friction Stir Welding And Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Methods
Diagnostyka połączeń uzyskanych metodą tarciową (Friction Stir Welding) oraz zgrzewania z przemieszaniem materiału (Refill Friction Stir Spot)
Autorzy:
Lacki, P.
Więckowski, W.
Wieczorek, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir welding
investigation
defects
FSW
diagnostyka złączy
defekty
Opis:
FSW (Friction Stir Welding) and RFSSW (Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding) joints have been increasingly used in industrial practice. They successfully replace fusion-welded, riveted or resistance-welded joints. In the last two decades, dynamic development of this method has stimulated investigations of the fast methods for joint diagnostics. These methods should be non-destructive and easy to be used in technological processes. The methods of assessment of joint quality are expected to detect discontinuities in the structures welded using FSW and FSSW methods. Reliable detection of flaws would substantially extend the range of applications of FSW joints across many sectors of industry, including aviation. The investigations carried out in this paper allowed for characterization of defects present in FSW and RFSSW joints. Causes of these defects were also stressed. An overview of the methodologies for assessment of joint quality was presented. Results of assessment of the quality of joints made of 2024T6 aluminium sheet metal using FSW and RFSSW method were presented.
Złącza FSW i RFSSW są coraz częściej stosowane w praktyce przemysłowej. Dobrze zastępują złącza spawane, nitowane czy zgrzewane oporowo. Dynamiczny rozwój metod w ostatnim dwudziestoleciu skutkuje poszukiwaniem szybkich metod diagnostyki złączy. Metody te powinny być nieniszczące oraz dać się zastosować podczas procesu technologicznego. Od sposobu oceny jakości złączy oczekuje się wykrycia nieciągłości struktur zgrzewanych metodą FSW i FSSW. Możliwość skutecznego wykrywania wad pozwoliłaby na znacznie szerszy zakres zastosowań złączy FSW w wielu sektorach przemysłu w tym w przemyśle lotniczym. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań w pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę defektów występujących w złączach FSW i RFSSW, wskazano na przyczyny ich występowania oraz przedstawiono przegląd metod badań umożliwiających ocenę jakości złączy. Zaprezentowano przykładowe wyniki oceny jakości złączy wykonanych z blach aluminiowych 2024T6 metodą FSW i RFSSW.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 3; 2297-2306
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of possible shipbuilding application of friction stir welding application of friction stir welding (FSW) method to joining elements made of AlZn5Mg1 alloy
Autorzy:
Dudzik, K.
Czechowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259115.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
aluminium alloys
friction stir welding
Opis:
In industrial practice the welding of Al- alloys is usually performed under pure argon shielding by means of MIG or TIG methods. In recent years new joining techniques such as friction stir welding (FSW) have appeared. Joints of EN AW-7020 T6 alloy elements welded by using FSW method have been tested. Results of static tensile tests, transverse bending tests as well as tests on stress corrosion susceptibility are presented. Parameters of friction welding (FSW) applied to joints of plates made of AlZn5Mg1[7020] alloy are given. Stress corrosion tests have been performed by using slow-strain-rate testing method (SSRT) in compliance with PN-EN ISO 7539-7 standard. The tests were conducted in air and 3.5% NaCl water solution. The following parameters have been measured during the tests: time to failure – T [h], maximum failure load – F [N], fracture energy (area under stress-elongation curve) – E [MJ/m3], relative elongation of specimen – A10 [%], maximum tensile stress – R [MPa], as well as percentage reduction of area – Z [%]. On the basis of the obtained test results it was concluded that the joints welded by means of FSW method show good resistance to stress corrosion at satsifactory strength properties, which indicates that application of friction welding by using FSW method in shipbuilding industry is purposeful.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2009, 4; 38-41
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Butt Joints with Novel Joint Geometry
Autorzy:
Jayabalakrishnan, D.
Balasubramanian, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030596.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
friction stir welding
aluminium
steel
joint geometry
Opis:
In this study, 1 mm thin sheets of AA 6061 and steel were welded by friction stir, with new joint geometry. Conventional friction stir welding develops high distortion to the specimen, particularly when the thickness is very small. In this process, friction stir welding is carried out by a tool without probe and with new joint geometry. Contrary to the conventional friction stir welding, where various tool profiles are used to obtain successful joints, the present study of investigation focused on developing a profile in the sheet metal edges to be joined. The aluminium sheet was positioned on the contoured steel sheet. Rotating tool with tilt angle was made to progress into the top sheet. Frictional heat plasticized the upper blank and the edges of the aluminium sheet were forged and extruded into the steel contour. The welding between steel and aluminium was due to a coalescence of the two materials and clamping effect was provided by the contour in the steel sheet. Tensile test was conducted to evaluate the quality of the welding along with macro and micro metallographic investigations. Further to this, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction analysis have been done to understand the presence of intermetallics at the weld nugget. Tensile strength of 122.22 MPa was achieved. Intermetallics of Mg₂Si, MnAl₆ and FeAl₆, Al₅Fe₂ was found as dominant compound at the interface. Welding of thin sheets is enhanced by form clamping and chemical diffusion bonding.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2018, 133, 1; 94-100
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Friction Stir Welding/Processing of High Entropy Alloys (HEAs)
Zgrzewanie tarciowe z przemieszaniem stopów o wysokiej entropii
Autorzy:
Mishra, Akshansh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
stop o wysokiej entropii
zgrzewanie tarciowe z przemieszaniem
high entropy alloy
HEA
friction stir welding
friction stir processing
Opis:
The composition of High Entropy Alloys is quite different from the existing classical engineering alloys because in near equiatomic ratios they contain multiple principal alloying elements. Design and development of high entropy alloys is very important to overcome the shortcomings of conventionally used alloys in applications where operating conditions of temperature and loading are extreme. High entropy alloys generally find applications in compressor blades of an aerospace engine, energy, and transportation industries due to its low density and high strength. In order to enhance the application of high entropy alloys, the proper selection of a feasible welding process is very important. It has been observed that when high entropy alloys are subjected to the welding process other than the Friction Stir Welding process then it will result in reduced overall strength and lower hardness in the fusion zone and heat-affected zone. In this recent paper, the application of Friction Stir Welding for joining the high entropy alloys and also using Friction Stir Processing for improving the mechanical and microstructure properties of high entropy alloys are discussed.
Projektowanie i opracowywanie stopów o wysokiej entropii jest bardzo ważne, aby przezwyciężyć niedociągnięcia konwencjonalnie stosowanych stopów w zastosowaniach, w których warunki pracy, takie jak temperatura i obciążenie, są ekstremalne. Stopy o wysokiej entropii zwykle znajdują zastosowanie w łopatkach sprężarek silników lotniczych, energetyce i transporcie ze względu na ich niską gęstość i wysoką wytrzymałość. Aby usprawnić stosowanie stopów o wysokiej entropii, bardzo ważny jest właściwy dobór możliwego do wykonania procesu spawania. Zaobserwowano, że gdy stopy o wysokiej entropii zostaną poddane procesowi spawania innemu niż proces zgrzewania tarciowego z mieszaniem, to spowoduje to zmniejszoną ogólną wytrzymałość i niższą twardość w strefie topienia i strefie wpływu ciepła. W artykule omówiono zastosowanie zgrzewania tarciowego z przemieszaniem do łączenia stopów o wysokiej entropii, a także zastosowanie tarciowej modyfikacji z przemieszaniem do poprawy właściwości mechanicznych i mikrostrukturalnych tych stopów.
Źródło:
Welding Technology Review; 2021, 93, 1; 27--33
0033-2364
2449-7959
Pojawia się w:
Welding Technology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of Cu/SiC surface composite produced by friction stir processing
Autorzy:
Iwaszko, J.
Kudła, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/202068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
copper
metal matrix surface composite
friction stir processing
Opis:
The main aim of this work was to obtain a copper matrix surface composite using friction stir processing (FSP). The reinforced phase was SiC particles with an average size of 5 mm. The effect of the reinforcement on the microstructure, hardness and wear behaviour were analysed. The friction treatment was carried out using a truncated cone-shaped tool with a threaded side surface. Multi-chamber technology was used to produce the composite microstructure in the copper surface layer. Changes in the material microstructure were assessed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Comparative measurement of the hardness of the initial and treated material as well as wear resistance tests were also carried out. A favourable effect of the surface treatment on the microstructure and properties of the copper was found. As a result of the friction treatment there was strong grain refinement in the copper surface layer. The average grain size in the stirring zone was about 3 mm and was over 21 times smaller than the average grain size in the initial material. Intensive dispersion of the SiC particles in the modified layer was also found, leading to the formation of a copper matrix composite. The effect of microstructural changes in the surface layer of the material and formation of the surface composite was an over two-fold increase in the hardness of the material and an increase in wear resistance.
Źródło:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences; 2020, 68, 3; 555-564
0239-7528
Pojawia się w:
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Discrete Wavelet Transformation Approach for Surface Defects Detection in Friction Stir Welded Joints
Autorzy:
Mishra, Akshansh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
Machine Vision
Surface Defects
Friction Stir Welding
Python programming
Opis:
Friction Stir Welding joint quality depends on input parameters such as tool rotational speed, tool traverse speed, tool tilt angle and an axial force. Surface defects formation occurs when these input parameters are not selected properly. The main objective of the recent paper is to develop Discrete Wavelet Transform algorithm by using Python programming and further subject it to the Friction Stir Welded samples for the identification of various external surface defects present.
Źródło:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures; 2020, 12; 27--35
2081-7738
2300-7591
Pojawia się w:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badanie procesu tarciowej modyfikacji warstw wierzchnich z mieszaniem materiału na przykładzie stopu AK64
Investigation of Friction Stir Processing Process of AK64 aluminium alloy
Autorzy:
Węglowski, M. S.
Pietras, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/210939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
inżynieria
Friction Stir Processing
aluminium
engineering
friction stir processing
Opis:
Technologia tarciowej modyfikacji warstw wierzchnich z mieszaniem materiału (Friction Stir Processing - FSP) to nowa metoda wywodząca się z procesu zgrzewania Friction Stir Welding — FSW, która pierwotnie została opracowana dla stopów aluminium. Metoda FSP pozwala miejscowo modyfikować i kontrolować warstwy wierzchnie materiału. Proces ten powoduje intensywne odkształcenie plastyczne, mieszanie materiału i jego homogenizację w strefie mieszania. Technologia FSP z powodzeniem może być stosowana do rozdrabniania mikrostruktury, wytwarzania kompozytów oraz modyfikowania mikrostruktury materiałów. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań procesu FSP prowadzonego na odlewniczym stopie aluminium AK64. Badania obejmowały określenie wpływu warunków prowadzenia procesu na ciepło generowane w obszarze mieszania oraz wartość momentu działającego na narzędzie. Wyniki badań wykazały, że wzrost prędkości obrotowej narzędzia powoduje zmniejszenie momentu działającego na nie oraz zmniejszenie ilości ciepła generowanego w obszarze mieszania. Równocześnie wykazano, iż wzrost prędkości przesuwu narzędzia powoduje wzrost momentu oraz wzrost ilości generowanego ciepła. Z badań metalograficznych wynika, że głębokość oddziaływania narzędzia w dużym stopniu zależy od prędkości obrotowej narzędzia, a w mniejszym od prędkości jego przesuwu.
Friction Stir Processing (FSP), based on the general principles of friction stir welding (FSW) technology, is a solid state joining process originally developed for aluminium alloys. FSP is a technique which makes possible to obtain localized modification and control of microstructures in near - surface layers of processed materials. The FSP causes intense plastic deformation, material mixing, and thermal exposure, resulting in significant microstructural refinement, densification, and homogeneity of the processed zone. The FSP technique has been successfully used for producing the fine-grained structure and surface composite, modifying the microstructure of materials, and synthesizing the composite and intermetallic compound in situ. In the present paper, the results of FSP process for die casting aluminium alloy grade AK64 are presented. The investigations have covered the determination of the influence of conditions of FSP process on heat generation in the stir zone as well as the torque action on the tool. The results have revealed that the increase in rotational speed of a tool causes the decrease in torque and heat generation in the stir zone. Simultaneously, the results indicated that the increase in traveling speed of tool causes increase in torque and heat generation. The metallographic examination of modified surfaces has shown that penetration depth of shoulder depends, to a large extent, on the rotation speed and, to the smaller extent, on traveling speed.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2012, 61, 1; 171-182
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examinations of Steel Overlap Joints Obtained Using the Friction Stir Welding Technology
Autorzy:
Więckowski, W.
Lacki, P.
Adamus, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir welding
FSW
1.4541 steel
Opis:
The aim of the study was to analyse mechanical properties and microstructure of joints obtained using friction stir welding (FSW) technology. The focus of the study was on overlap linear FSW joints made of 1.4541 DIN 17441 steel sheets with thickness of 1.2 mm. Tools used during friction stir welding of steel joints were made of W-Re alloy. The joints were subjected to visual inspection and their load bearing capacity was evaluated by means of the tensile strength test with analysis of joint breaking mechanism. Furthermore, the joints were also tested during metallographic examinations. The analysis performed in the study revealed that all the samples of the FSW joints were broken outside the joint area in the base material of the upper sheet metal, which confirms its high tensile strength. Mean load capacity of the joints was 15.8 kN. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the joints did not reveal significant defects on the joint surface and in the cross-sections.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 1; 393-399
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Understanding the Effect of Multiple Traverse Feed during Friction Stir Welding Processes
Autorzy:
Shailesh Rao, A.
Yuvaraja, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352033.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir welding
multiple pass of tool
microstructre
tensile strength
Opis:
The scope of this paper is to understand the effect of multiple pass of the tool during friction stir welding process of Al-17Si alloy and evaluate its microstructure and tensile strength. The rotational speed of 900 rpm with three different feed rates (50, 100, 150 mm/min) was selected for this process. The weld gap seen below the tool tip has been reduced drastically during the multiple pass and after the third pass the weld gap was invisible. With the increase in the feed rate, the adhesion was reduced between the tool pin circumference and diffused material, hence a small increase in the weld gap was observed. The substantiate changes in the microstructure was observed due to the severe formation of the metal during low feed rate. With the increase in the feed rate, some coarse grains were observed near and below the tool pin. The tensile strength during the multiple pass of the tool was studied and found better for lower feed rate. Further, the variation of the tool speeds (600, 900 and 1200 rpm) for constant feed rates of 100 mm/min were discussed. The more heat input improves plunging depth thereby reduces weld gap, but for higher heat input (tool rotation: 1200 rpm; feed rate: 100mm/min) increase in weld gaps was seen. The tensile properties for all the cases were discussed. The diffusion process, friction force and relative velocity pertaining to this process were highlighted finally.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 1; 203-210
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructural Characterisation of Friction Stir Processed Cast AlSi9Mg Aluminium Alloy
Autorzy:
Węglowski, M. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cast aluminium alloy
friction stir processing
FSP
microstructure
stop aluminium
obróbka tarciowa
mikrostruktura
Opis:
Aluminium alloy castings become more popular when a refined microstructure and a uniform distribution of Si particles are easily produced. One of the technologies that can fulfil these requirements is Friction Stir Processing (FSP). Therefore, the formation of various microstructural regions during FSP of AlSi9Mg alloy has been studied. It is presented that each of the regions are characterized by unique microstructures. Prior to FSP, the microstructure of a representative as-cast aluminium alloy was composed of Al dendrites and a nonuniform distribution of Si and Fe. FSP microstructurally modified and significantly refined the as-cast material, effectively eliminating the microstructural segregation and porosity of the base material. The characteristic microstructures are reflected in the hardness distribution. The hardness of the modified area was different from the base material.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 3 spec.; 75-78
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Properties of AW 5059 aluminium alloy joints welded by mig and Friction Stir Welding (FSW)
Autorzy:
Czechowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243771.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
friction stir welding (FSW)
mechanical properties
aluminium alloys
stress corrosion cracking
Opis:
The article presents the results of the mechanical properties of aluminium alloy AW 5059 [AlMg5.5Zn] welded by MIG and friction stir welding FSW. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) – a new technology can be successfully used for butt welding of different types of aluminium alloy sheets. Research results on stress corrosion cracking for the AW 5059 alloy welded joints are presented. Stress corrosion cracking was examined via the slow-strain-rate-testing (SSRT) according to EN ISO 7539-7. The following parameters were measured: time-to-failure, obtained max. load, strain energy (the diagram surface under the stress-elongation curve), relative elongation of the specimen, tensile stress and reduction-in-area. The fractures were analysis by scanning electron microscope of Philips XL 30 type. Tests were carried out in the air and in a 3.5% water solution of NaCl – artificial sea water. On the basis of obtained test results, it can be said that 5059 alloy joints welded by FSW are resistant to stress corrosion in sea water. Tests have shown that the 5059 alloy, welded by FSW, has superior strength properties compared to the FSW 5083 alloy, along with comparable, good resistance to stress corrosion. Original value are received results of the mechanical and corrosion properties of a new method friction stir welding used for joining AW 5059 alloy sheets.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 125-129
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Własności zakładkowych złączy spajanych metodą zgrzewania tarciowego z przemieszaniem (FSW – Friction Stir Welding)
Properties of overlap joints welded by the Friction Stir Welding Method
Autorzy:
Kudła, K.
Wojsyk, K.
Kucharczyk, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/211415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Obróbki Plastycznej
Tematy:
zgrzewanie tarciowe przemieszaniem
aluminium
złącza zakładkowe
strefa natarcia
strefa spływu
friction stir welding
overlap joints
advancing zone
retreating zone
Opis:
Praca dotyczy problemu łączenia złączy zakładkowych wykonanych ze stopów aluminium technologią zgrzewania tarciowego z przemieszaniem FSW. Analizie poddano budowę złącza w strefach: natarcia, wpływu ciepła oraz spływu. Wykazano dużą niejednorodność i asymetrię złącza, charakteryzującą się wyraźną granicą między materiałem po rekrystalizacji i odkształceniu termomechanicznym. Próby ścinania ujawniły występowanie obszaru w strefie spływu, w którym występują przyklejenia między łączonymi elementami, obniżając jego wytrzymałość. W obszarze natarcia elementem decydującym o charakterze zniszczenia jest kształt linii styku łączonych materiałów. Dokonano analizy siły docisku oraz położenia narzędzia na jakość zgrzein. Wykazano, że najlepsze efekty łączenia uzyskuje się prowadząc proces zgrzewania z kontrolowaną siłą docisku i z zachowaniem odpowiedniego ustawienia kąta pochylenia oraz głębokości jego zanurzenia w materiale.
This paper regards the problem of creating overlap joints made of aluminum alloys using the technology of friction stir welding, FSW. The structure of a joint was analyzed in the advancing zone, the heat affected zone and the retreating zone. It was shown that the joint is nonuniform and asymmetric. The nonuniformity and asymmetry of the joint are characterized by a distinct border between material that was recrystallized and thermomechanically deformed. Shear tests demonstrated the existence of the area in the retreating zone where bonding between joined elements occurs. This reduces the joint strength. In the advancing zone, the shape of the boundary line between joined materials is the factor determining the character of material failure. The work analyzes the impact of downward force and tool position on the quality of welds. It was shown that for the welding process the best results can be achieved by controlling downward force and maintaining appropriate tilt angle and depth of tool penetration.
Źródło:
Obróbka Plastyczna Metali; 2013, 24, 3; 179-191
0867-2628
Pojawia się w:
Obróbka Plastyczna Metali
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical Simulations for Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum 6082-T6
Autorzy:
Hamilton, C.
Dymek, S.
Węglowska, A.
Pietras, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir welding
bobbin tool
aluminum
simulation
temperature
Opis:
Aluminum 6082-T6 panels were joined by friction stir welding utilizing a bobbin tool. A thermal simulation of the process was developed based upon machine torque and the temperature dependent yield stress utilizing a slip factor and an assumed coefficie nt of friction. The torque-based approach was compared to another simulation established on the shear layer methodology (SLM), which does not require the slip factor or coefficient of friction as model inputs. The SLM simulation, however, only models hea t generation from the leading edges of the tool. Ultimately, the two approaches yielded matching temperature predictions as both methodologies predicted the same overall total heat generation from the tool. A modified shear layer approach is proposed that adopts the flexibility and convenience of the shear layer method, yet models heat generation from all tool/workpiece interfaces.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1115-1123
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The application of friction stir welding (FSW) of aluminium alloys in shipbuilding and railway industry
Autorzy:
Gesella, G.
Czechowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
Friction Stir Welding
FSW
aluminium alloys
welding
shipbuilding industry
mechanical properties
Opis:
The article describes possibilities of application of friction stir welding (FSW) in shipbuilding and railway industry. Actually, in these sectors of industry more and more often modern construction materials are used. The biggest restriction of implementing new materials is technological possibility of joining them. One of construction materials used in the shipbuilding is aluminum, mainly its alloy of 5xxx-aluminium-magnesium series. Its application is justified by good corrosion resistance in seawater and good mechanical attributes. Thanks to susceptibility to plastic treatment, one gains good mechanical attributes with thrice-smaller density than a density of steel, what causes triple reduction of weight of aluminum construction relative to steel one. Alloys of 5xxx series are well weldable. It is generally known that welding is not a good way to joint metals, especially the aluminum. The application of FSW with mixing allows one to change approach to production of aluminum constructions. Using aluminum plates prefabricated with FSW method allows one to reduce time needed for installation of construction and considerably decreases the production costs. The article describes technology and directions of development of friction welding of aluminum alloys of 5xxx series using FSW method. There is also shown analysis of its usefulness in ship and railway industry and comparison of mechanical attributes of weld made with electric arc using MIG (135), TIG (141) method and FSW method.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 2; 85-90
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Friction Stir Processing (FSP) on the Microstructure and Properties of AM60 Magnesium Alloy
Autorzy:
Iwaszko, J.
Kudła, K.
Fila, K.
Strzelecka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355521.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir processing
magnesium alloy
Opis:
The samples of the as-cast AM60 magnesium alloy were subjected to Friction Stir Processing (FSP). The effect of FSP on the microstructure of AM60 magnesium alloy was analyzed using optical microscopy and X-ray analysis. Besides, the investigation of selected properties, i.e. hardness and resistance to abrasion wear, were carried out. The carried out investigations showed that FSP leads to more homogeneous microstructure and significant grain refinement. The average grain size in the stirred zone (SZ) was about 6-9 μm. in the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the elongated and deformed grains distributed along flow line were observed. The structural changes caused by FSP lead to an increase in microhardness and wear resistance of AM60 alloy in comparison to their non-treated equivalents. Preliminary results show that friction stir processing is a promising and an effective grain refinement technique.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 3; 1555-1560
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Joining of AA2014 and AA5059 dissimilar aluminium alloys by Friction Stir Welding
Autorzy:
Saleh, A. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/368103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
Tematy:
dissimilar aluminium alloys
friction stir welding
AA2014
AA5059
stopy aluminium
zgrzewanie tarciowe
Opis:
Purpose: This work aims to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties achieved by FSW of butt joints, namely of dissimilar sheets namely of 2014-T3 to 5059-H11 Al alloys by bonding the two materials perpendicular to their rolling directions. Design/methodology/approach: AA 2014T3 and AA 5059H11 were two dissimilar aluminium alloys friction stir welded. The joint has been examined in terms of hardness, microstructure, and mechanical properties. The microstructure of the weld area was characterized by using optical microscopy. Seven diverse regions of the microstructure in the joint can be illustrious. Findings: It has been noticed that a structure of fine grain is formed in the nugget region as a consequence of recrystallization. The thermos mechanically affected and heat affected zones of aluminium alloy 2014 are characterized by the lowest hardness values in spite of there are a general hardness decrease through the weld zone compared to both base metals. The ultimate tensile strength values of the dissimilar joint were found to be varying between 54% to 66% those of the base metal. Research limitations/implications: The t joining in FSW takes place with the base materials remnant in the solid state, which gives a considerable possibility to produce joints between the alleged difficult-to-weld heat treatable aluminium alloys. Originality/value: The outcomes display that friction stir welding can be effectively applied for the joining of dissimilar aluminium alloys.
Źródło:
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering; 2019, 97, 1; 15-20
1734-8412
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Joints between Commercially Pure Copper and Al 6351 Alloy
Autorzy:
Sinha, V. C.
Kundu, S.
Chatterjee, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/350852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir welding
tensile strength
microstructure
intermetallics
Opis:
In the present study, the effect of tool rotational speed on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints between commercially pure copper and 6351 Al alloy was carried out in the range of tool rotational speeds of 300-900 rpm in steps of 150 rpm at 30 mm/minutes travel speed. Up to 450 rpm, the interface of the joints is free from intermetallics and Al4 Cu9 intermetallic has been observed at the stir zone. However, Al4 Cu9 intermetallic was observed both at the interface and the stir zone at 600 rpm. At 750 and 900 rpm tool rotational speed, the layers of AlCu, Al2 Cu3 and Al4 Cu9 intermetallics were observed at the interface and only Al4 Cu9 intermetallics has been observed in the stir zone. The maximum ultimate tensile strength of ~207 MPa and yield strength of ~168 MPa along with ~6.2% elongation at fracture of the joint have been obtained when processed at 450 rpm tool rotational speed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 3; 1819-1825
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ultrasonic Assisted Active-Passive Filling Friction Stir Repairing to Eliminate Volume Defects
Autorzy:
Wang, Tao
Gong, Xue
Ji, Shude
Xue, Gang
Lv, Zan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir repairing
magnesium alloys
defects
ultrasonic
mechanical properties
Opis:
Ultrasonic assisted active-passive filling friction stir repairing (A-PFFSR) was proposed to repair volume defects in the metallic parts. Sound joints without interfacial defects could be achieved. Firstly, the ultrasonic was beneficial to improving material flow and atom diffusion, and then eliminated kissing bond defects compared to conventional A-PFFSR joints. Secondly, the equiaxed grains were refined by ultrasonic vibration. Lastly, the repairing passes were reduced due to the ultrasonic, which decreased softening degree of the repaired joints. The maximum tensile strength of 150 MPa was achieved. Therefore, this strategy to repair the volume defects is feasibility and potential in the remanufacturing fields of aerospace and transportation.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 1; 217-222
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of Functionally Graded Composites through Friction Stir Processing
Autorzy:
Sai, B. V. Hima Sekhar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052243.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
friction stir processing
functionally graded material
reinforcements
multi-pass FSP
zgrzewanie tarciowe z przemieszaniem
funkcjonalny materiał gradientowy
wzmocnienie
Opis:
An Investigation was conducted to produce Aluminium based Functionally graded material (FGM) composites by Friction stir processing (FSP). A reinforcement strategy featuring the use of Alumina and TiC reinforcements was investigated, where holes were drilled in an Aluminium plate, filled with reinforcements and stirred using FSP. A mathematical model was formulated for the positioning of holes in such a manner that the composition of the reinforcements varies from maximum to minimum over a given length. Samples were subjected to various numbers of FSP passes from one to three with a 100% overlap and its influence on particle distribution and homogeneity was studied using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at cross sections parallel to the tool traverse direction. A progressive gradient in hardness values was observed for the surface composites at all the passes.
Źródło:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering; 2021, 5, 2; 95-102
2544-0780
2544-1671
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Review on Aluminium Hybrid Surface Composite Fabrication Using Friction Stir Processing
Autorzy:
Patil, Namdev A.
Pedapati, Srinivasa Rao
Mamat, Othman Bin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Friction Stir Processing
aluminium hybrid surface composite
mechanical properties
tribological properties
Opis:
Nowadays, Aluminium (Al) based hybrid surface composites are amongst the fastest developing advanced materials used for structural applications. Friction Stir Processing (FSP) has emerged as a clean and flexible solid-state surface composites fabrication technique. Intensive research in this field resulted in numerous research output; which hinders in finding relevant meta-data for further research with objectivity. In order to facilitate this research need, present article summarizes current state of the art and advances in aluminium based hybrid surface composites fabrication by FSP with in-situ and ex-situ approach. Reported literature were read and systematically categorized to show impacts of different types of reinforcements, deposition techniques, hybrid reinforcement ratio and FSP machine parameters on microstructures, mechanical and tribological characteristics of different Al alloys. Challenges and opportunities in this field have been summarized at the end, which will be beneficial to researchers working onsolid state FSP technique.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 1; 441-457
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of Process Parameters on Tensile Shear Strength of Friction Stir Spot Welded Aluminium Alloy (EN AW 5005)
Wpływ parametrów procesu wytwarzania na wytrzymałość na ścinanie zgrzewanego tarciowo stopu aluminium (EN AW 5005)
Autorzy:
Kulekci, M. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354272.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir spot welding (FSSW)
FSSW
friction stir welding
welding
aluminium
zgrzewanie tarciowe FSW
wytrzymałość na ścinanie
spawanie
Opis:
Aluminium and its alloys have been used in automotive technology since the first model of the car. The need for aluminium material is getting increased for weight reduction, improved fuel economy and vehicle performance. The amount of the aluminium used in a car is mainly related with joining processes of aluminium alloy. This can be achieved by developing the welding techniques for aluminium alloys. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of friction stir spot welding parameters on tensile shear strength of friction stir spot welded lap joint EN AW 5005 Aluminium alloy. The variable parameters were tool rotation (rpm), dwell time (s) and the tool pin height (mm). Tensile shear test results indicated that the weld performance was significantly affected by the tool rotation, dwell time and the tool pin height. The results of the study indicates that there are optimum process parameters which give the highest tensile shear strength.
Aluminium i jego stopy są stosowane w produkcji samochodów od pierwszego modelu. Zapotrzebowanie na aluminium rośnie z powodu dążenia do zmniejszenia masy własnej pojazdu, zmniejszeniu zużycia paliwa i poprawy osiągów pojazdu. Ilość aluminium stosowanego w samochodzie jest głównie związana z procesem łączenia stopów aluminium. To może być osiągnięte poprzez rozwój technik spawalniczych dla atopów aluminium. Celem tej pracy było określenie wpły wu parametrów zgrzewania tarciowego FSW, na wytrzymałość na ścinanie zakładkowych złączy ze stopu aluminium EN AW 5005. Zmiennymi parametrami były prędkość obrotowa narzędzia (obr/min), czas (s) i wysokość trzpienia (mm). Wyniki testów ścinania wskazują, że jakość złącza jest istotnie uzależniona od prędkości obrotowej narzędzia, czasu i wysokości trzpienia. Wyniki tej pracy wskazują, że istnieją optymalne parametry zgrzewania tarciowego FSW, które dają najwyższą wytrzymałość na ścinanie.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2014, 59, 1; 221-224
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The possibility of application thermography method for controlling friction stir welding of AW-5083 aluminium alloy sheets
Autorzy:
Dudzik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242990.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
Friction Stir Welding
FSW
thermography
monitoring
5xxx aluminium alloy
shipbuilding
termografia
monitorowanie
okrętownictwo
Opis:
The article presents the research results of thermography method used for monitoring process of friction stir welding of sheets made of AW-5083 aluminium alloy. Nowadays monitoring the temperature is used in many fields of science, including in the diagnosis of machining and joining processes such as turning, grinding, milling, welding, etc. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) – a new technology can be successfully used for butt-welding of different types of aluminium alloy sheets. FSW method can be an alternative to traditional arc welding methods i.e. MIG or TIG. The joining process was carried out on laboratory stand built on the basis of universal milling machine FWA-31. The parameters of joining AW-5083 alloy sheets chosen after optimization of the FSW process were presented. For determining temperature and its distribution in tool-workpieces contact area, noncontact infrared method was chosen. Infrared camera ThermoGear G100 produced by NEC Avio Infrared Technologies Co., Ltd. was used. The camera has two measuring ranges defined: -40-+120°C and 0-500°C. Average value of the temperature between the tool and joined metal sheets was about 380°C in case when correct parameters of welding were chosen. Controlling the temperature allow catch the moment when the material of joined sheets is plasticized (370°C ) which is best to start the linear moving of the tool and the same start of welding. The study can be the basis for the use of thermography method to monitor the process and determine the parameters of the friction stir welding for obtaining a high quality joint.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 1; 121-127
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of structure and shear/peel strength of refill friction stir spot welded 7075-t6 aluminium alloy joints
Autorzy:
Kluz, R.
Kubit, A.
Wydrzyński, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102597.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
spot welding
friction stir welding
aluminium alloy joining
Opis:
The article presents an analysis of the macrostructure and mechanical properties of spot welds of joints made by Refill Friction Spot Stir Welding (RFSSW) method. RFSSW is a relatively new technology that is gaining wider use, not only in the automotive and aviation industries because it is a less energy intensive method than resistance spot welding. The primary focus of the article is the effect of welding time on the quality of the welded joints of sheet metal using the aforementioned method. The research was conducted on a joint between two pieces of sheet metal of various thicknesses (1.6 mm and 0.8 mm) made of a common aviation grade aluminium alloy 7075-T6 Alclad. Metallographic sections of select variants were made in order to analyze the structure of the joint. Strength tests with a static load were conducted in different loading configurations. A traditional tensile strength test was conducted on the lap joint, which revealed a complex stress state within the joint and an analogous test was conducted with the use of a stiffening holder that ensured a pure shear state in the joint. Peel tests were also performed on the lap joints with using a special holder.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2017, 11, 3; 297-303
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of Empirical Relationships for Prediction of Mechanical and Wear Behavior of Copper Matrix Surface Composite by Friction Stir Processing Technique
Autorzy:
Saravanakumar, S.
Gopalakrishnan, Saravanan
Kalaiselvan, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049739.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
friction stir processing
microstructure
microhardness
wear
Opis:
In this investigation, Copper Matrix Surface Composites (CMSCs) were reinforced with various ceramic particles like Aluminum Nitrate (AlN), Titanium diboride (TiB2), and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) are used to increase the metallurgical and mechanical properties by Friction Stir Processing (FSP). The Design of the Experiment (DOE) Taguchi L9 orthogonal array method was used. The process parameters considered were groove width and various types of reinforcement particles. The fabrication of CMSCs was achieved by using optimized process parameters, such as the tool transverse speed of 40 mm/min, rotational tool speed of 1000 rpm, and an axial load of 10 kN with one pass. The influence of FSP process parameters on CMSCs in the stir zone is observed through optical microscope (OM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Mechanical properties such as microhardness and wear rate are studied and compared. It reveals that good interfacial bonding was produced between ceramic particles in CMSCs. TiB2 reinforced with copper matrix surface composites enhance microhardness and had a lesser wear rate.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 2; 617-626
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Application of Friction Stir Processing to the Fabrication of Magnesium-Based Foams
Autorzy:
Azizieh, M.
Pourmansouri, R.
Balak, Z.
Kafashan, H.
Mazaheri, M.
Kim, H. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354380.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metal foam
friction stir processing
porosity
magnesium
Opis:
In the present paper, friction stir processing (FSP) is used to fabricate magnesium-based nanocomposite foams. The effects of the number of FSP passes, TiH2 to Al2O3 weight ratio, and foaming temperature; on the pore distribution and porosity are described. The results indicate that a minimum TiH2 to Al2O3 weight ratio is necessary to provide the best pore distribution and porosity. Closed-cell porous magnesium with a porosity of about 17.5% was successfully fabricated using 4-pass FSP at 800 rpm, by adding 5 mass% TiH2 and 3.5 mass% Al2O3; at a holding temperature of 858 K, and a holding time of 45 min.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 4; 1957-1962
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-25 z 168

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