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Tytuł:
Have anti-crisis legal regulations inhibited the expansion of the Polish banking sector?
Autorzy:
Szafarczyk, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375406.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowy Instytut Innowacji Nauka – Edukacja – Rozwój w Warszawie
Tematy:
banking system
legal regulations
countercyclical regulations
banking law
Opis:
The article concerns the issue of assessing the effectiveness of anti-crisis legal regulations in the context of the functioning and development (including expansion) of the Polish banking sector. The analyzes carried out in the article are the result of many years of the author's own analyses and research and have practical and application value. banking system, legal regulations, countercyclical regulations, banking law.
Artykuł dotyczy kwestii oceny efektywności antykryzysowych regulacji prawnych w kontekście funkcjonowania i rozwoju (w tym ekspansji) polskiego sektora bankowego. Przeprowadzone w artykule analizy są efektem wieloletnich analiz i badań własnych Autora i mają walor praktyczny i aplikacyjny. system bankowy, regulacje prawne, regulacje antycykliczne, prawo bankowe
Źródło:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences; 2019, 10(2); 65-73
2450-2146
2451-1064
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktualne problemy w kontekście obowiązujących regulacji prawnych zarządcy narodowej sieci kolejowej
Current problems of applicable regulations of the national railway network manager
Autorzy:
Kampczyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248751.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej
Tematy:
regulacje prawne
niespójność przepisów
instrukcje kolejowe
problematyka przepisów w instrukcjach PKP PLK S.A.
law regulations
inconsistency of regulations
railway regulations
regulations in the PKP instructions
Opis:
Tematem artykułu jest w zasadniczej części przedstawienie zabranych i zinterpretowanych przez autora występujących aktualnie problemów w kontekście obowiązujących regulacji prawnych zarządcy narodowej sieci kolejowej, w stosunku, do których pracownik geodezyjny, diagnostyczny jest zobowiązany podejmować stosowne stanowisko. W pracy przedstawiono autorskie spostrzeżenia, wnioski oraz uwagi. Artykuł przedstawia również niespójność obowiązujących przepisów, które powodują brak uzyskania jednolitości wykonawstwa geodezyjnego i diagnostycznego w infrastrukturze transportu szynowego.
The aim of the paper is to present the data that were collected and interpreted by the author and to explain current problems occurring in the context of existing legal regulations of the national railway network manager in reference to which geodesic, diagnostic worker is obliged to take appropriate position. The author's remarks, findings and comments are presented in the paper. The article shows the inconsistency of existing legislation that are caused by the lack of uniformity in the diagnostic performance of geodetic and rail transport infrastructure.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowo-Techniczne Stowarzyszenia Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji w Krakowie. Seria: Materiały Konferencyjne; 2013, 3(102); 143-156
1231-9171
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowo-Techniczne Stowarzyszenia Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji w Krakowie. Seria: Materiały Konferencyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lobbying in Poland: some comments on currently binding legal regulations
Autorzy:
Willa, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920261.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-14
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
lobbying
Polska
legal regulations
Opis:
One of the features of democracy is the constant battle for the protection or implementation of particular interests. This trend is inevitable and, according to many experts, also quite beneficial with regard to the efficiency of the functioning of the political system, as well as its social legitimization. Nevertheless, restrictions apply as there are as many ways of regulation, from a legal point of view, as there are countries in the world. Thus it ought to come as no surprise that lobbying exists in Poland, and in consequence we are observing attempts to establish a framework for it in legal terms. Some questions arise in this respect that require a serious response: what should be considered as lobbying? Is it actually legal in Poland? Does the legal framework allow for its controlling and monitoring? If, and possibly how, should such regulations influence the social reception of lobbying in Poland? These are but a few of the questions that this paper is aiming to provide answers to.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2020, 2; 5-20
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lobbying in Poland: Some Comments on Currently Binding Legal Regulations
Autorzy:
Willa, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1199487.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
lobbying
Polska
legal regulations
Opis:
One of the features of democracy is the constant battle for the protection or implementation of particular interests. This trend is inevitable and, according to many experts, also quite beneficial with regard to the efficiency of the functioning of the political system, as well as its social legitimization. Nevertheless, restrictions apply as there are as many ways of regulation, from a legal point of view, as there are countries in the world. Thus it ought to come as no surprise that lobbying exists in Poland, and in consequence we are observing attempts to establish a framework for it in legal terms. Some questions arise in this respect that require a serious response: what should be considered as lobbying? Is it actually legal in Poland? Does the legal framework allow for its controlling and monitoring? If, and possibly how, should such regulations influence the social reception of lobbying in Poland? These are but a few of the questions that this paper is aiming to provide answers to.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2020, 2; 5-20
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Few Remarks on Content of Employer’s Internal Regulations
Autorzy:
Uziak, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/618923.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
the work regulations
the remuneration regulations
enterprise sources of labour law
regulamin pracy
regulamin wynagradzania
zakładowe prawo pracy
Opis:
The work regulations and the remuneration regulations are the most important sources of labour law issued at the level of the enterprise. Regulations’ provisions complement statutory rules and thereby they shape rights and obligations of employers and employees, adequately to a situation of given employer. Their wage and organizational provisions shall include all obligatory matters and above all shall be definite and precise.
Regulamin pracy i regulamin wynagradzania to najważniejsze źródła zakładowego prawa pracy. Dopełniają one unormowania ustawowe, a tym samym kształtują prawa i obowiązki pracodawców i pracowników adekwatnie do sytuacji danego pracodawcy. Ich ustalenia płacowe i organizacyjne powinny obejmować wszystkie zagadnienia przypisane tym aktom, a przede wszystkim powinny być konkretne i precyzyjne.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2015, 24, 3
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal regulations and administration of food safety
Autorzy:
Lizakowski, Piotr
Krampichowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075584.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
administration
analysis
food
health
legal regulations
safety
Opis:
The article presents Legal regulations and administration of food safety affects the whole chain of correlated participants of the food market, which are producers of agricultural raw materials and food, processors, distributors, legal regulations bodies as well as government institutions that enforce and control the law enforcement and the final link in the chain of consumers. Food security is inextricably linked to legal obligations related to their provision. The manner and form of implementation is inscribed in the political sphere of countries, depends on their political system, legal solutions, as well as geographical conditions and climate. The right to safe food is inscribed in human rights, life, human dignity and food. The foreign literature analysis was used to implement the above objectives.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 122; 133-144
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Issues related to construction products regulations
Autorzy:
Baryłka, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24202382.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
construction products
regulations
building requirements
wyroby budowlane
przepisy
wymagania budowlane
Opis:
When implementing the EU internal market, already in 1985, the European Council placed particular emphasis on certain sectors, including construction, imposing the need to establish essential requirements for products created to meet various human needs, including safety and other aspects important for the general good, in order to achieve and ensure a high level of protection. In the case of construction products, the essential requirements consist of both general and specific criteria to be met by the construction work. These requirements should be interpreted in such a way that these facilities should meet one, several or all of these requirements to an appropriate degree of credibility, if provided for by the regulations.
Źródło:
Modern Engineering; 2022, 1; 9--19
2450-5501
Pojawia się w:
Modern Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring port regulations and traffic violations on the Szczecin-Swinoujscie fairway
Autorzy:
Uchacz, W.
Kwiatek, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320960.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
Tematy:
porty
żegluga
port
port regulations
Opis:
In this paper a method of utilising expert system technology for monitoring violations of chosen port regulations on the Szczecin-Swinoujście fairway is presented. The new algorithm developed by authors has been implemented into the program NEXPERT OBJECT. Information contained in this article may be useful while dealing with problems of decision support in VTS systems.
Źródło:
Annual of Navigation; 2000, 2; 143-157
1640-8632
Pojawia się w:
Annual of Navigation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal Regulations and Methods Neutralising Expired Food Products
Autorzy:
Kazimierowicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
expired food products
neutralising organic waste
legal regulations
methods neutralising
Opis:
In retail chains, an expired product is withdrawn from sales and becomes waste which should be managed properly. Expired products cannot be placed back on the market for sale, sold at a reduced price or in promotion. The losses in the food trade result mainly from an inefficient organisation and excessive stocks that cause food expiration and perishability. In this chain, the expired food products, which in majority go to landfill sites, constitute a significant part. This article presents the legal regulations regarding neutralisation of expired food products together with their utilisation possibilities. One of the basic documents is the Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. The second important document is the Directive of the Council 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste. According to the Regulation No 852/2004 of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs, every facility should have elaborated procedures describing the manner of handling foodstuffs not meeting the requirements of health quality as well as food waste. One of the most often applied methods to manage waste is its thermal treatment. Incineration is problematic in environmental and social aspects. It includes numerous requirements and legal restrictions. Pyrolysis is an alternative to incineration. Composting in aerated bed is a widely known utilisation method of biological waste from agriculture and agri-food industry. Mineralisation of organic substances in biogas plants is a method for controlled course of processes aiming at the production of greenhouse gases, the negative effect on meteorological conditions of which is unquestionable in many social circles. Biomass fermentation in biogas plants is prospective because it enables to limit the emission of methane during uncontrolled biochemical processes accompanying landfill of waste.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2018, 19, 6; 217-224
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regulations of the financial market in Poland. Equilibrium vs. inversion
Autorzy:
Dziawgo, Leszek
Dziawgo, Danuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949102.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
banking
public companies
law regulations
financial market
Opis:
The subject of this study is the legal regulations concerning the banking and stock market sector. The research objective is to identify the issue of the adequacy of legal regulations on the modern financial market. The object of the research is the banking institutions and companies listed on the stock exchange. The following research methods were used, i.e. the analysis of the literature, analysis of legal acts, observations, descriptive, comparative and case study analysis. It was found that there has been an increase in the level of detail and restrictiveness of legal regulations in recent years, both in relation to the banking sector and to the stock market. In addition, the legislative revolution not only continues, but is also gaining momentum. Thus we could formulate a conclusion about the inversion of the modern financial market. The financial market was to facilitate business operations through access to capital. Currently, excessive regulations indicate the growing legal barriers to entering the financial market and conducting business activity in it.
Źródło:
Financial Sciences. Nauki o Finansach; 2018, 23, 4; 9-24
2080-5993
2449-9811
Pojawia się w:
Financial Sciences. Nauki o Finansach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Arctic Tourism Development with Regard to Legal Regulations and Environmental Protection
Autorzy:
Gawor, Łukasz
Dolnicki, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/438159.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
arctic tourism
environmental protection
global changes
legal regulations
Opis:
Arctic tourism develops very quickly and requires both changing of legal regulations and consid-ering environmental issues. The developing branch of services (significantly tourism) has became an important sector in the shaping of the budget of numerous countries worldwide. World-wide climate changes provide new possibilities of visiting remote countries with severe climate conditions. Global warming is particularly intense in the Arctic, where mean temperatures have recently risen twice as fast as in the rest of the world. A comprehensive set of regulations was recently developed to protect the wilderness of Arctic environment from the negative impact of tourism. The purpose of the paper is to present legal and organizational regulations connected with organization of tourist trips in the Arctic, based on the example of Svalbard area, American Arctic and Russian Arctic. There are described particularly legal regulations that concern cruise operators. These issues have been described based on literature studies, analysis of legal regulations and statistical data. The time range of the study is about 20 years. Also discussed are challenges of tourism as seen in the Northwest Passage, a historical challenge for many sailors and Russian Arctic tourism development. The issues of economic benefits, environmental protection and connections between tourism and climate conditions are presented. There is also a focus on weather enabling tourism in the Arctic. It can be said that new possibilities of visiting remote places with severe climate conditions (e.g. Arctic region) are opening due to global changes. It occurs mainly due to the reduced sea ice cover for longer periods of time, which facilitates tourist access and extends visitor seasons. It has been assumed that global climate change may lead to a shift of tourism demand to higher latitudes, creating additional opportunities for tourism in northern regions.
Źródło:
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego; 2018, 32, 2; 289-298
2080-1653
Pojawia się w:
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sources of Emissions in Refinery – Legal Regulations and Costs
Autorzy:
Kamiński, Arkadiusz
Jakóbiec, Janusz
Pusz, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028155.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
environmental protection
emission
emission source
refinery
regulations
costs
Opis:
Crude oil processing associated with the impact on the environment. Refinery production processes are a source of emissions in virtually all environmental components. The article characterizes the sources of emissions by dividing them taking into account various criteria and escribes the regulatory and legal environment, addressing the problems of industrial emissions, taking into account current and forecast guidance at European and national level. Highlighted the various aspects related to the effects of legislation and its implementation, among which, indicated as the most important implementation costs in relation to the underlying operating costs.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 11; 53-61
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwarunkowania prawne bezpieczeństwa i ochrony zdrowia w budownictwie
Legal framework for safety and health in construction
Autorzy:
Obolewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
Tematy:
budownictwo
bezpieczeństwo i ochrona zdrowia
uregulowania branżowe
uregulowania krajowe
uregulowania międzynarodowe
construction
safety and health
industry regulations
national regulations
international regulations
Opis:
W artykule dokonano przeglądu uregulowań prawnych problematyki bezpieczeństwa i ochrony zdrowia w budownictwie na poziomie branżowym, krajowym i międzynarodowym. Autor zbudował model prawny bezpieczeństwa i ochrony zdrowia i scharakteryzował podstawowe dokumenty bezpieczeństwa pracy i ochrony zdrowia przydatne w budownictwie.
This paper reviews the regulatory issues of safety and health in the construction industry at the professional level, nationally and internationally. The author built a model of legal safety and health, and described the basic documents of work safety and health useful in the construction industry.
Źródło:
Modern Engineering; 2016, 1; 133-155
2450-5501
Pojawia się w:
Modern Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomia oprogramowania - od przepisów do praktyki
Software ergonomics — from regulations to practice
Autorzy:
Najmiec, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/179757.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomia
ergonomia oprogramowania
regulacje prawne
ergonomics
ergonomics software
law regulations
Opis:
Pierwsze oficjalne rozporządzenie uwzględniające zasady ergonomii oprogramowania obowiązuje w Polsce od 1 grudnia 1998 roku. Wymienia się w nim sześć podstawowych zasad dotyczących sytuacji projektowania, doboru i modernizacji oprogramowania oraz planowania zadań wykonywanych z zastosowaniem ekranu monitora. Czego dotyczą te wymagania i jak je realizować w praktyce - na te pytania staramy się odpowiedzieć w tym artykule.
The first official regulation that considers the principles of software ergonomics has been in force in Poland since 1st December 1998. It lists six basic principles of designing, selecting and updating software, and planning work tasks that require the use of visual display terminals. We hope to explain what those requirements are about and how they should be met in practice.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2002, 5; 26-28
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Presumptions on Discretion in Law Enforcement of Financial Legal Provisions
Autorzy:
Barikova, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1930602.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
legal framework
legal regulations
functions of law
legal interpretation
evaluation
atypical regulations
Opis:
The author has outlined the essence of legal presumptions on discretion in law enforcement of financial legal provisions as both current legal phenomena and legal regulations. The relationship between presumptions and principles of law, as well as the classification of presumptions has been researched into. Presumptions on discretion in law enforcement of financial legal provisions are formed in relation to a particular legal fact or group of facts or compositions that correspond with a particular law enforcement situation, which is due to the origin, content and purpose of these facts or compositions, the relationship between them. With regard to discretion in law enforcement of financial legal provisions, it could also be argued that there are both legally defined irrefutable presumptions (innocence, “all doubts in favour of the taxpayer”) and rebuttable in a particular case, which does not terminate its effect as a whole. It has been concluded that presumptions on discretion in law enforcement of financial legal provisions are applied due to logical methods of induction or modelling, when the probability of a phenomenon is not high enough.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2021, 2(30); 7-24
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On some International Regulations in Gaius’s Institutes
Autorzy:
Leraczyk, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Gajus
Instytucje
sponsio
peregrini dediticii
regulacje międzynarodowe
Latynowie
Gaius
Institutes
international regulations
the Latins
Opis:
Przedmiotem artykułu są regulacje międzynarodowe wspomniane przez Gaiusa w jego Instytucjach. Dzieło to, będące podręcznikiem do nauki prawa, w kilku fragmentach odnosi się do instytucji respektowanych na arenie międzynarodowej – statusu Latynów, peregrini dediticii oraz zawierania na arenie międzynarodowej sponsio. Przywołanie przez jurystę powyższych instytucji miało na celu porównanie ich z rozwiązaniami prywatnoprawnymi, co w zamyśle ułatwiało zrozumienie omawianych w dziele norm odnoszących się do jednostek.  
The subject matter of the article concerns international regulations mentioned by Gaius in his Institutes. The work under discussion, which is also a textbook for students of law, refers in several fragments to the institutions respected at the international level – the status of the Latins, peregrini dediticii and sponsio, contracted at the international arena. The references made by Gaius to the above institutions was aimed at comparing them to private-law solutions, which was intended to facilitate understanding of the norms relating to individuals that were comprised in his work.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2019, 39, 4; 99-119
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Macro- and microprudential regulations and their effects on procyclicality of solvency and liquidity risk
Autorzy:
Olszak, Małgorzata
Kowalska, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/583929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
leverage
liquidity
procyclicality
macroprudential policy
microprudential regulations
Opis:
This paper aims to identify the effect of macroprudential policies and microprudential regulations and their interactions on the sensitivity of leverage and liquidity funding risk to the business cycle. Analysing the sample of 782 banks we find that both macroprudential and microprudential instruments have insignificant impact on the procyclicality of leverage in the non-crisis period. Macroprudential instruments decrease the procyclicality of liquidity risk during the non-crisis period and increase the procyclicality of leverage during the crisis. Restrictions on the range of activities conducted by banks reduce the procyclicality of liquidity risk during the non-crisis period. Interaction between the macroprudential instruments targeted at risk-taking by borrowers and restrictions on the range of activities taken by banks has been found to be effective in reducing the procyclicality of leverage during the crisis period.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2017, 482; 201-215
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Juridical challenges regarding bitcoin.
Autorzy:
Pirvu, Adriana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1201115.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Bitcoin
regulations
challenges
Opis:
Criptocurrencies are popular convertible virtual currencies, as they use security mechanisms such as cryptography for creating units of the currency and controlling the transaction. The main property of criptocurrencies is that they provide anonymity for the transaction, as they work based on Blockchain technology. Bitcoin is one of the most important criptocurrencies on the market. Whereas we like it or not, it seems that Bitcoin has become a powerful payment instrument, but also a payment system. The national Governments face now a new challenge: the necessity of regulating Bitcoin. But Bitcoin is incompatible with any kind of centralized control. We can only imagine that effective regulations can exist only through worldwide cooperation: “Bitcoin and other virtual currencies are present and growing in major economies, supporting the call for increased global cooperation”. This will be probably an expensive and complex process.
Źródło:
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały; 2020, 1(26); 71-78
1689-8052
2451-0807
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawnicze: rozprawy i materiały
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Worker’s Employment Contract—the Legal Regulations of Interwar Poland
Autorzy:
Kwiecień, Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1803954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-10-29
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
employment agreement
workers’ employment agreement
wage protection
work regulations
termination of employment relationship
Opis:
In independent Poland, the foundations for a new area of law, that is, labour law were laid, abandoning the previously crucial principle of freedom of contract underlying the contractual relationship between an employee and the employer. On March 16, 1928, the President of the Republic of Poland issued an ordinance on labour contracts, defining mutual obligations of employees and their employers under an employment contract based on which the employee undertook to perform work for the employer against remuneration. The legislator permitted the conclusion of employment contracts in writing, orally or in any other customary form accepted in a given workplace. In exchange for the work performed, the employer was obliged to pay appropriate contractual remuneration, as specified in the employment agreement. Importantly, this ordinance contained a number of protective regulations that were designed to protect the worker and make his position towards the employer more equal. They included regulations concerning remuneration protection or the employer’s obligation to specify work rules. Most importantly, however, the ordinance protected the worker from immediate and unjustified dismissal.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2018, 28, 4; 73-97
1507-7896
2544-5227
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Excess or Deficiency of Regulations of the Commercial Activities Law in the Civil Code?
Autorzy:
Bielski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082832.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
commercial contracts law
deficiency of legal regulations
commercial activities law
Opis:
The author of the paper understands the term of “excess of legal regulations” as the situation of imposition of regulations governing a specific institution of the com-mercial activities law under the Civil Code, which are fully or partially obsolete from the point of view of the needs of contemporary business trading. The term of “deficiency of legal regulations”, in turn, is to denote a complete lack of a regula-tion of a specific institution of the commercial activities law as may be desired in the domain of contemporary business trading, or the existence of such a regulation but in a form that is limited, incapable of addressing the needs and challenges of the said domain. When it comes to the legal regulations of the commercial activi-ties law, the author argues that it is hard to regard the current legal situation in Poland as successfully fulfilling the requirements of a coherent legal system and of the legislative technique principles that are applied therein. In the text, the author provides a detailed explanation of why commercial activities governed by the Civil Code suffer from a substantial deficiency of legal regulations in the scope in question.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2019, 11, 4; 21-32
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Economic conditions of legal regulations during the Covid-19 pandemic
Autorzy:
Rogowska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27313641.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
European Union
legal regulations
Covid-19 pandemic
Unia Europejska
regulacje prawne
pandemia COVID-19
Opis:
Purpose: The purpose is to present the importance of law for the proper functioning of the state economy within an international organization during the Covid-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: analysis of the legal regulations, comparative studies. Findings: Distinguishing the positive and negative aspects of the law's impact during the pandemic crisis. Originality/value: Linking the legal and economic dimensions at the two levels of the state and the European Union (EU) integration grouping. Analysis of selected regulations of economic life from the perspective of law and economics.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2022, 156; 407--423
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Corporate Consistency and the Regulations of the Corporate Governance System
Autorzy:
Kamiński, Ryszard
Flieger, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/685041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
corporate consistency
consistency concept
platforms of consistency
consistency model
corporate governance
UE regulations
Opis:
Corporate governance involves not only working out the relationship between a company and its shareholders, but also a search for consistency on a daily basis. When consistency is achieved, the shareholders’ satisfaction is higher and relations improve. Consistency is a prerequisite for a company’s effectiveness and efficiency, and it is the board’s task to make a corporation consistent. The first part of the paper introduces M. Flieger’s concept of corporate consistency, where platforms of consistency are introduced and the consistency model is proposed. This is the first time that such an introduction has been made, and this may lead to further discussion and research. The author points out that managers are rarely aware of the consistency problem, and there are no tools which enable a consistent system to be worked out. This makes the concept of corporate consistency worth investigating. In the second part of the paper, R. Kaminski focuses on the development of the European Union and Polish regulations, which were introduced as a consequence of the changing conditions in company activity. This section determines the content and sequence of the main issues discussed in the article. These include: the characteristics of the concept of a corporate governance system, the presentation of changes in regulations regarding a corporate governance system in the EU and the presentation of Polish regulations on corporate governance. The primary sources used in the work were literature and the rules and standards (mandatory and optional) on corporate governance. Both authors used descriptive analysis and the comparative method.
Źródło:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2017, 7; 213-234
2450-0976
Pojawia się w:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regulacje prawne podziemnego składowania odpadów
Legal regulations of underground waste storage
Autorzy:
Plewa, F.
Mysłek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/166022.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Górnictwa
Tematy:
ochrona środowiska
gospodarka odpadami
regulacje prawne
environment protection
waste management
legal regulations
Opis:
Stosunkowo często zmieniane przepisy w zakresie ochrony środowiska, gospodarki odpadami i składowania odpadów wynikają z potrzeby ich dostosowania do wymagań Unii Europejskiej. W artykule przedstawiono najnowsze regulacje prawne w zakresie podziemnego składowania odpadów.
Relatively often the rules of protection of the environment, waste management and disposal of waste, arising from the need to adapt them to the requirements of the European Union, change. This paper presents the latest legal regulations on underground storage of the waste.
Źródło:
Przegląd Górniczy; 2015, 71, 12; 32-35
0033-216X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Górniczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Negotiations on regulated markets
Autorzy:
Laskowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
negotiations
regulations
market games
Opis:
The paper considers some problems of negotiations between competitive subjects on regulated market. It is assumed that two subjects (players) have to compete with each other on the retail market and cooperate on the wholesale market. The wholesale market is regulated. The role of the regulator is to support players in negotiations, especially by introducing recommended solutions when the negotiations were broken off. It is considered how introducing a recommended solutions influence the process of negotiations on the wholesale market and a decision problem of choosing retail strategy, that precedes the process of negotiations. A decision problems of a regulator are also formulated. The problems are discussed in context of competition and cooperations between operators on the telecommunications services market.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2008, 3; 44-51
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carpooling – regulacje prawne oraz szanse rozwoju innowacyjnego trendu
Carpooling – legal regulations and opportunities for the development of an innovative trend
Autorzy:
Zelga, Kamila
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/499458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
carpooling
regulacje
rozwój
transport
regulations
development
Opis:
W dobie aktualnych problemów zanieczyszczenia środowiska w największych aglomeracjach miejskich, coraz większych trudności w znalezieniu wolnego miejsca parkingowego oraz sytuacjach obligujących do podróżowania w korkach, nieuniknionym rozwiązaniem wydaje się być wdrożenie innowacyjnego trendu, do jakich zalicza się carpooling. Model ten stanowi sposób na podniesienie efektywności przejazdów poprzez maksymalne zapełnienie środka transportu i podział kosztów pomiędzy zainteresowanych. Przyczyną wciąż rosnącej popularności carpoolingu na świecie jest konieczność ochrony środowiska naturalnego, zmniejszenie natężenia ruchu w miastach oraz oszczędność paliwa. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu ukazanie pojęcia, ogólnych założeń oraz ekonomicznych i społecznych uwarunkowań systemu carpoolingu. W artykule zaprezentowano analizę prawnych aspektów umowy carpoolingu w Polsce, kwestie zasady bezpieczeństwa, odpowiedzialności kierowcy oraz zobowiązań podatkowych, z jakimi muszą zmagać się kierowcy świadczący usługę w ramach umowy. Z uwagi na coraz bardziej rygorystyczne przepisy dotyczące ochrony środowiska naturalnego oraz zwiększające się natężenie ruchu w miastach, konieczne staje się prawne i techniczne przygotowanie warunków do wprowadzania nowych rozwiązań w ruchu drogowym. System carpoolingu niesie wiele korzyści, zarówno ekonomicznych, społecznych, jak i ekologicznych, w związku z czym prognozuje się dynamiczny jego rozwój.
In the era of current problems of environmental pollution in the largest urban agglomerations, increasing difficulties in finding a free parking space and situations requiring to travel in traffic jams, it seems unavoidable to implement an innovative trend, which includes carpooling. This model is a way to increase the efficiency of journeys by maximally filling the means of transport and sharing costs among those interested. The reason for the ever-increasing popularity of carpooling in the world is the need to protect the environment, reduce traffic in cities and save fuel. This article aims to show the concept, general assumptions and economic and social conditions of the carpooling system. The article presents an analysis of the legal aspects of the carpooling agreement in Poland, issues of the safety principle, liability of the driver and tax liabilities that drivers who provide the service under the contract must face. Due to the increasingly stringent regulations regarding environmental protection and increasing traffic in cities, it is necessary to prepare legal and technical conditions for introducing new solutions in road traffic. The carpooling system brings many benefits, both economic, social and ecological, and therefore its dynamic development is predicted.
Źródło:
Zeszyt Studencki Kół Naukowych Wydziału Prawa i Administracji UAM; 2018, 8; 301-313
2299-2774
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyt Studencki Kół Naukowych Wydziału Prawa i Administracji UAM
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-25 z 1737

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