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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Social Response in Poland in 1944–1948
    Autorzy:
    Brenk, Mikołaj
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955404.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    human services
    relief provided after the war
    social assistance
    social care
    social work
    social responde
    Opis:
    The article concerns the field of social care and social assistance in the first years of the Polish People’s Republic as they were provided to individuals who suffered distress during World War Two. The timeline of the paper covers the period from 1944 to 1948. At that time, the focus of social care and social assistance was satisfying the fundamental needs of the people, in particular in environments affected by the destruction of war. It included, among others, ensuring food, health care, accommodation, education and employment. The scale of the relief provided after the war by various Polish and international institutions was unprecedented in the history of the Polish social service, covering one in four Poles, i.e. over 6 million people in total.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2018, 38; 265-281
    1233-2224
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polityka oświatowa władz w procesie instalowania nowego ładu społecznego (1944–1948)
    The Educational Policy of the Authorities in the Process of the Introduction of the New Social Order (1944–1948)
    Autorzy:
    Kahl, Edyta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955168.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Educational Policy, Poland 1944–1948
    Opis:
    The problems discussed in the article concern the educational policy in Poland in the first years after World War II (1944-1948). The article presents the educational concepts and postulates of different political fractions and teachers’ circles, which already before the end of the War had formulated their own educational programmes. The discussions about the shape of the post-war educational system, particularly the organization of schools, the school structure, the ideological foundations, the syllabus, school handbooks and teachers’ training, were carried out, among others, between the representatives of the National Democrats, Christian-national groups, political parties, teachers’ organizations and school administration. Their attitudes to many problems varied considerably, and thus, the situation required social debate and confrontation of opinions. The quality of those discussions, the style in which the educational problems were solved as well as the direction of the structural and ideological transformations in the post-war educational system, were significantly influenced by the geopolitical post-war conditions and a strong position of the Left, consolidated by the Soviets, in the policy of the Polish state. In the expansive struggle for the political leadership in Poland, the Left used different forms of pressure and terror in order to eliminate the opposition. To achieve social legitimization for its pseudo-democratic activities, the Left undertook attempts to encourage other groups to co-operate. Particularly, the communists tried to attract cultural elites, including teachers, who they wanted to use to start the process of rebuilding social consciousness according to the rules of the ideology of Marxism and Leninism. These monopolistic ambitions, in the first years after World War II, were reflected in the destruction of the underground state and the development of administrative structures of the totalitarian system. As far as the educational system is concerned, the policy of the Left was manifested in more and more apparent actions taken to subordinate school to the communists’ interests, thus including education into the process of the transformation of the political system. All those activities, were part of the phenomenon of structural Sovietization, formed the foundations for the ideological offensive, planned by the communists and conducted on a massive scale after the formation, in 1948, of the monopolistic Stalinian party - PZPR (Polish United Workers’ Party).
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2011, 27; 33-50
    1233-2224
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Henryk Raabe – organizator i pierwszy rektor Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie (1944-1948)
    Henryk Raabe – promoter and first rector of the Maria Curie–Skłodowska University in Lublin (1944-1948)
    Autorzy:
    Kruszyński, Marcin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488067.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Nauki i Kultury Libra
    Tematy:
    Universities in Poland
    Poland 1944-1948
    Polska 1944-1948
    polskie uniwersytety
    Opis:
    Maria Curie–Skłodowska University – MCSU (Polish: Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej – UMCS) in Lublin was created on 23 October 1944 by the Polish Committee of National Liberation’s (Polish: Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego PKWN) proMoscow decree. It was first such an institution in “new Poland.” The person chosen to be the vice-chancellor of the MCSU was a pre-war socialist Henryk Raabe. He met all the criteria demanded by the new regime. Firstly, he was a left-winger, but on the other hand, he was not a communist; he was not a member of the unpopular Polish Workers’ Party (Polish: Polska Partia Robotnicza – PPR). As such, he had a greater opportunity to create a necessary team of co-workers. Furthermore, as a socialist, he confirmed the values promoted by propaganda, i.e. political pluralism and the alleged willingness to create a democratic state, in which there would be space for debate and the diversity of views. H. Raabe could be also considered the symbol of a person discriminated against in the Second Polish Republic on the basis of his socialist views, and what follows, a person deprived of the possibility for having an academic career. In the new reality, he became a perfect example portraying the rapid changes in the country where the chance to develop was given to people who had competence, passion and character.
    Źródło:
    Komunizm: system – ludzie - dokumentacja; 2012, 1; 59-87
    2299-890X
    Pojawia się w:
    Komunizm: system – ludzie - dokumentacja
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    11 listopada czy 22 lipca. Oficjalna prasa w Polsce 1944–1948 wobec świąt narodowych
    November 11 and July 22. National holidays in the official press in Poland 1944-1948
    Autorzy:
    Gołota, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2167965.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-12-15
    Wydawca:
    Ostrołęckie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    The press in Poland 1944–1948
    National Holidays in Poland
    prasa w Polsce 1944–1948
    Święta Narodowe w Polsce
    Opis:
    The successive totalization of social, economic and political life in Poland after 1944 was also reflected in the press published by officially functioning political parties. The analysis of articles shows that the repressions against the editorials, after the elections, led to the pacification of the press and the unification of the content with the expectations of the post-war Polish authorities. Press reactions can be placed between opportunism and pragmatism. In the second case it was about maintaining even minimal impact on society. Some journalists, symbolized by Zygmunt Augustyński, defended the right to communicate truth and dignity.
    Sukcesywna totalizacja życia społecznego, gospodarczego i politycznego w Polsce po 1944 znalazła również odzwierciedlenie w prasie wydawanej przez oficjalnie funkcjonujące partie polityczne. Analiza artykułów wskazuje, że represje stosowane wobec redakcji, po wyborach doprowadziły do spacyfikowania prasy i ujednolicenia treści zgodnie z oczekiwaniami władz powojennej Polski. Reakcje prasy można usytuować miedzy koniunkturalizmem a pragmatyzmem, w drugim wypadku chodziło o zachowanie możliwości chociażby minimalnego wpływu na społeczeństwo. Niektórzy dziennikarze, których postawę symbolizuje Zygmunt Augustyński, broniło prawa do przekazywania prawdy i godności.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego; 2018, Zeszyt, XXXII; 193-208
    0860-9608
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Ostrołęckiego Towarzystwa Naukowego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    System polityczny w Polsce w latach 1944–1948
    The political system in Poland in 1944–1948
    Autorzy:
    Wrona, Janusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/477901.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
    Opis:
    The political system determines relations between the state or state related institutions like the parliament, the government, the jurisdiction, political organizations and various groups of interests. It also consists of a set of norms and regulations, which provides a base for their functioning: constitutions, electoral law etc. To classify the political system which has been built in Poland since the PKWN, it is necessary to take into account the conception of political regime as a specific form of political organization, a system of official and unofficial norms and mechanisms regulating mutual interaction between the authorities and the society. When the PKWN took over the power, new mechanisms of exercising power were introduced. A new model of society formed by deatomisation, and so called social engineering was introduced. In order to put social ties under state control an attempt to eliminate private property was made. The new model of society characterized also with a new role of political parties, an exchange of the elites, subordination of the science and education to one ideology. The idea of democratic elections was rejected. Communication and media was under political control. Local and economic local governments were removed. Changes in the trade union movement transformed it into a cell of the political power. The political life was theatricalized and any privacy was politicized. The communist rule based on five elements (Marxist theses): 1) the politics was monopolized by the Marxist-Leninist party; 2) a candidate for any executive had to be accepted by the party what was know as “the system of nomenclature;” 3) the nationalization of the economy; 4) the central distribution of all resources; 5) the policy of terror, reprisals and mass propaganda – all thought to gain control of hearts and minds. The second half of 1944 marks the beginning of the totalitarian system in Poland, which was at its height in 1948–1956. The inconsistent way different elements of the system were bound together allows us to define this incoherent organism as hybrid. The political system which has been built since the PKWN times, based on cooperation of ideologically and organizationally contradictive rules. The analyzed period created manners and attitudes of those in power and those under control which still remain in effect.
    Źródło:
    Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość; 2005, 2(8); 51-70
    1427-7476
    Pojawia się w:
    Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Controversies Around the System, Organisation and Curriculum Structure of Secondary School Education in Poland, in the Years 1944–1948
    Autorzy:
    Gulczyńska, Justyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955411.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    schools in Poland
    school organisation
    history of education
    Opis:
    A new form of government of the Polish state was combined with its rather intensive influence on the character of the educational system, including general secondary schools. That time is distinguished by numerous controversies, which then appeared in various social circles, political parties, and referred to the constitutional and organizational structure as well as the program structure of this school level. In the first years the controversies were more of an evolutionary concepts for the Polish route to socialism were still possible. After 1948 there was no more room for discussion; the decisions about this sphere were also made by one group – the people related to the communist party (Pol. abbr. PZPR). Already right after the cessation of war activities, the tendencies leading to the centralization of education management were noticeable, and consequently, ever more intense influence of the government of the working classes (lub the people’s government) on the functioning of schools, but, above all, on the teaching content. The process of centralization was linked with the so-called democratization process of school i.e., the question, of which the ruling communists made their priority. A consequence of democratization of the general secondary school and rendering it a tool for the manufacture of future citizens – devoted to and subjected to the government of the working classes – was the aspiration for closing private general secondary school, and also the expulsion of religion from school. Such changes, falsely justified by the necessity to observe the principle of freedom of conscience and confession, led to the secularization of the school system. The discussed expulsion of the Church from schools, and at the same time from the sphere of educating a young generation, was supposed to serve the formation of a new socialist society in the future.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2018, 38; 283-299
    1233-2224
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Działania z zakresu ratownictwa społecznego w Polsce w latach 1944–1948
    Social response in Poland in the years 1944–1948
    Autorzy:
    Brenk, Mikołaj
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957611.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    human services
    relief provided after the war
    social assistance
    social care
    Opis:
    The article concerns the field of social care and social assistance in the first years of the People’s Republic of Poland provided to individuals who suffered distress during World War Two. The timeline of the paper covers the years 1944-1948. At that time, the focus of social care and social assistance was satisfying the fundamental needs of the people, in particular in environments affected by the destruction of war. It included, among others, ensuring food, health care, accommodation, education and employment. The scale of the relief provided after the war by various Polish and international institutions was unprecedented in the history of the Polish social service with one in four Poles involved i.e. over 6 million people in total.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania; 2014, 32; 121-136
    1233-2224
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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