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Tytuł:
ZAWARCIE MAŁŻEŃSTWA ‘LIBERORUM PROCREANDORUM CAUSA’ W PRAWIE RZYMSKIM
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/664322.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
małżeństwo
dzieci
potomstwo
podatek od osób stanu wolnego
ustawodawstwo małżeńskie
Opis:
MARRIAGE LIBERORUM PROCREANDORUM CAUSA IN ROMAN LAWSummaryOne of the chief purposes of the Roman institution of matrimony was procreation (liberorum procreandorum causa). There are numerous references in the sources to the institution of matrimony commending those citizens who marry in order to beget children. They are said to be living as Nature intended, since procreation secures the continuance of the family and tribe, especially as regards the passing down of the family name and estate to its heirs, and the guarantee that the religious rites (sacra familiaria and sacra gentilicia) will continue to be performed. Such observations were an expression of concern for the future of the Roman family. Marriage for the purpose of begetting progeny was regarded as sacrosanct, a religious duty: uxorem liberorum quaerundum causa ducere religiosum est. However, this applied only to children born of a iustum matrimonium – born in lawful wedlock to a couple who had entered an “approved marriage.” Roman citizens were encouraged and urged by the kings under the Monarchy, and even compelled by the censors, to marry and procreate. Augustus introduced legislation granting privileges to citizens who married, and special rights to families with a large number of children.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze; 2014, 14, 3
2353-8139
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stwierdzenie ciąży (inspectio ventris) jako środek ochrony interesów dziecka poczętego w prawie rzymskim
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621544.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
inspectio ventris; unborn child
Opis:
The protection of an unborn child in the ancient Rome took important place because of the dignity (dignitas) of family and because of the public interest. This caused that there were many legal regulations about this problem. Treating the problem from the chronological perspective, the prevention of the interests of an unborn child was at first mentioned in SC Plancianum de liberis agnoscendis, and next in the edict de inspiciendo ventre custodiendoque partu and in the rescript divi Fratres , which were issued under rule of emperors Mark Aurelius and Lutius Verus (temporibus divorum fratrum). According to these regulations, the pregnant woman could be treated with: inspectio ventris, custodia ventris and custodia partus. The aim of these institutions was to confirm the state of pregnancy and to control woman till the moment of delivery. Undertaken measures were justified by the best interest of the unborn child, i.e. his protection. Legal regulation in SC Plancianum did not refer to the confirmation of pregnancy, because it was regulated in edictum de inspiciendo ventre custodiendoque partu, and then extended in the rescript Divi Fratres. In the praetor’s edict the institution of inspectio ventris is regulated – as an examination addressed to freeborn women, which was supposed to confirm of to deny the fact of pregnancy. This examination was made also when there was difference in the opinion about pregnancy between a man and his divorced wife. In particular it referred to cases when a woman was claiming that she is pregnant or she was denying this fact, contrary to the opinion of her husband. Similar situation took place after the husband’s death, when widow claimed that she wasn’t pregnant and there was no justified suspicion that the pregnancy is simulated. The examination was made by the midwives (obstetrices) and they were to exclude the simulation of pregnancy, or substitution a child or substitution of a dead child by the other one. The procedures undertaken towards midwives were stricly regulated in the praetor’s edict, in the commentary to this edict, and in the fragments Sententiae Pauli (PS. 2, 24, 5–9). According to rescript of emperors Mark Aurelius and Lutius Verus (Divi Fratres), if husband insisted on inspectio ventris, then a very respected woman was chosen. A wife had to go to her house to be examined by three midwives you could rely on. If all of them or two of them confirmed the fact of pregnancy, then a special legal procedure against woman was started. New midwives were engaged in it. It shows how big public interest was put to protect the unborn child and to ensure the legal continuity of family. Rescript Divi Fratres was probably published to explain some regulations coming from edictum de inspiciendo ventre custodiendoque partu. Also the commentaries of jurists had the same purpose. All of them together were important for regulation of inspectio ventris. Legal regulations of inspectio ventris were used even in the Greek-Roman Egypt. The confirmation can be found in papyrus dated 147–148 A.D. The procedure shown in this document is the same known from edict. The difference is that praetor could decide how may midwives should be engaged and where the examination was supposed to take place.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2010, 9; 29-40
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rzymskie regulacje prawne związane z ochroną dziecka poczętego
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621170.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Roman law, nasciturus, pregnancy
Opis:
Legal problems connected with the defining of pregnancy and with the protection of the interests of the unborn child were at first regulated in Senatus consultum Plancianum de liberis agnoscendis, and next in the edict de inspiciendo ventre custodiendoque partu and in the rescriptum divi Fratres. Senatus consultum Plancianum regulated only the question of establishment of paternity in marriage. Edict de inspiciendo ventre custodiendoque partu regulated the procedure, which should have been undertaken after the husband’s death, when former wife claimed to be pregnant. The main reason for these regulations was to eliminate the growing number of illegal practice concerning establishment of paternity, when the child was born after the death of his father or after the divorce of his parents. The results of applying the edict de inspiciendo ventre custodiendoque partu could have the legal importance for the future position of the unborn child. The edict regulated the procedure, which should have been applied after the death of husband, when woman was claiming to be pregnant. Once the procedure was applied, the praetor could grant bonorum possessio (D. 25, 4, 1, 10 i D. 25, 4, 1, 15). According to edictum, you could apply: inspectio ventris, custodia ventris and custodia partus to a pregnant woman. These institutions were used to confirm the fact of pregnancy and to observe the pregnant woman and the delivery. The edict de inspiciendo ventre custodiendoque partu was in use in case of the death of a husband of a pregnant wife and the purpose of this edict was to protect from simulation of pregnancy. According to the edict, the widow had to inform everybody potentially interested (or legal representatives) about pregnancy in one month’s time. The most important group which had to be informed, comprised of heirs of the dead person. According to the Ulpianus’s commentary, both testimonial and ab intestato heirs should have been informed.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2009, 8; 27-40
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Roman Law in Vilnius in the Period of Existence of the Academy of Vilnius
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Prawo rzymskie, Akademia Wileńska, Piotr Roizjusz
Roman law, Academy of Vilnus, Peter Roizjusz
Opis:
The Vilnius University was established on 7th July 1578, pursuant to the Royal Decree of King Stefan Batory. The royal act of establishment has been confirmed by the papal bull of Pope Gregory XIII on 29th October 1579 and by resolution of the Seym adopted in 1585. Before the rise of the Academy in Vilnius several schools had operated one of them founded by Peter Roizjusz. Thanks to the activity of this famous scholar and lawyer, the elements of Roman law were taught in Vilnius even before the creation of a university in Lithuania. At the beginning of the Academy there were no faculties of law or medicine. Presumably, this was connected with a lack of qualified staff in Lithuania. Only under the privilege granted by King Władysław IV, dated 11th October 1644 was a law faculty opened (composed of a chair of canon law and two of civil law). It is very hard to present a list of professors of Roman law (civil) at the University of Vilnius. Perhaps this is due to the fact that apart from Roizjusz, other scientists interested in Roman Law did not teach in Vilnius. Presumably there was only one chair of civil law (Roman). There is no doubt that Roman law played an important role in the training of lawyers and was taught intermittently throughout the remaining period of the operation of the Academy. In addition, preserved sources reflect the scientific work of professors, who were employed there. Following the example of other universities, the Academy of Vilnius awarded in this field a combined doctoral degree embracing “both laws” – civil and canon, which applied primarily to future law professors and high-ranking prelates who performed public functions. Probably there were no promoted doctors of civil law. The basis of the lectures were institutions of the Roman law of Justinian, and their content was not different from the standards adopted in other universities.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2014, 13, 1; 11-34
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reskrypt cesarza Hadriana o szkole epikurejskiej w Atenach
The Emperor Hadrian’s rescript on the epicurean school in Athens
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Tadajczyk, Konrad Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621216.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
cesarz, Hadrian, reskrypt, następca, szkoła epikurejska
emperor, Hadrian, rescript, successor, epicurean school
Opis:
In 121 AD, emperor Hadrian published a rescript in reply to the request submitted to the Princepsby the epicurean school in Athens via Trajan’s widow, Plotina. By vir- tue of the emperor’s constitution, head of the epicurean school at that time, Popilius Theotimos and his successors could freely select their successors irrespective of the can- didate’s citizenship. Yet, the reasons underlying this regulation remain unresolved and not completely clear, especially that they remained in contradiction with the valid legal order and other regulations of emperor Hadrian in this respect. Presumably, special treatment of epicureans was attributable to Trajan’s widow, Plotina. Her influence onto Hadrian, who owed her much, was quite significant. Moreover, it was upon her requ- est that the emperor’s constitution was issued, which may evidence that the empress followed the epicurean philosophy, which was the source of her care for the school in Athens.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2014, 13, 1; 223-233
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recenzja - Noctes iurisprudentiae. Scritti in onore di Jan Zabłocki [red. Piotr Niczyporuk, Anna Tarwacka], Wydawnictwo Temida 2, Białystok 2015
Autorzy:
Skrzywanek-Jaworska, Dagmara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/596724.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Źródło:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2016, CI; 173-176
0081-6841
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recenzja - Mater familias. Scritti romanistici per Maria Zabłocka. A cura di Zuzanna Benincasa, Jakub Urbanik, con la collaborazione di Piotr Niczyporuk, Maria Nowak Varsavia 2016, XXXIII+1205 ss. (=Supplement XXIX to The Journal of Juristic Papyrology)
Autorzy:
Kulawiak-Cyrankowska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/596192.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Źródło:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne; 2017, 102; 163-170
0081-6841
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Publikacje romanistyczne w Akademii Wileńskiej w latach 1644—1655
Romanistic publications in the Vilnius Academy in the years 1644—1655
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782468.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
romanists
Faculty of Law of the Vilnius Academy
professors of law doctors of both laws (utriusque iuris)
Roman law
Opis:
In the years 1644—1655 the Faculty of Law of the Vilnius Academy published several publications of professors working there and promoted doctors of both laws (utriusque iuris). Some of them covered Roman law. The dissertation of Benedict de Soxo, Claves juris, contains numerous Romanistic motifs. The Rector of the Vilnius Academy discussed terms, phrases and principles rooted in Roman law. Also, considerations concerning the sources of law, its interpretation or the teaching of law had their romanistic roots. Aaron Aleksander Olizarowski, professor at the Faculty of Law of the Vilnius Academy, in his work De politica hominum societate, published in Gdańsk in 1651, made numerous references to Roman law. Most of the romanistic themes were included in the first book, De Domo, when discussing issues related to marriage and family. In 1650 Jan Marquarta wrote a dissertation on Roman law entitled De damno injuriae, which was the only dissertation on this legal matter at the Vilnius Academy in the years 1644—1655. Although the work concerned damage and liability for damages, its author additionally presented the historical development of sources of law in ancient Rome. The content and structure of the dissertation testifies to the good romanistic background of its author. The works referring in their content to Roman law, in the initial period of functioning of the Faculty of Law of the Vilnius Academy, testify to its important role in science and teaching at university law studies.
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 163-184
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przywilej dla kredytobiorców w postaci tzw. wakacji kredytowych w okresie pandemii koronawirusa (COVID-19) – wybrane zagadnienia
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47399409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
credit
bank
the borrower
„credit holidays”
„non-statutory credit holidays”
„statutory credit holidays”
Polish Bank Association
kredyt
kredytobiorca
„wakacje kredytowe”
„pozaustawowe wakacje kredytowe”
„ustawowe wakacje kredytowe”
Związek Banków Polskich
Opis:
The “Credit Holidays ”is quite an interesting institution that has been regulated by law. In the period of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, bearing in mind the difficulties in repaying liabilities to banks, initially on the part of the Polish Bank Association and the banks themselves, there were proposals to postpone repayment of principal and interest instalments or principal instalments. In this way, “non-statutory credit holidays” were created, and it was up to the lender and the borrower to specify the necessary contractual changes. As part of the so-called “anti-crisis shields” have been introduced into the legal system. First, the interference of the legislator provides for the possibility of postponing the repayment of credit obligations to entrepreneurs. These regulations introduced the possibility, not the obligation, of applying the “credit holidays” to the bank’s customer. However, it was an effective and desired instrument to help entrepreneurs. Under the so-called “Anti-crisis Shield 4.0”, obligatory “statutory credit holidays” aimed at consumers were introduced. The adopted legal regulations indeed cause some interpretation problems, but undoubtedly this legal institution will be a permanent element of the Polish banking system.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2021, 88; 267-283
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Piotr Niczyporuk, Bankierzy i operacje bankierskie w starożytnym Rzymie, Temida 2, Białystok 2013, ss. 302 Rzymska bankowość ukryta w meandrach języka łacińskiego
Autorzy:
Twarowska-Antczak, Emilia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/631825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Źródło:
Res Historica; 2018, 46
2082-6060
Pojawia się w:
Res Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Penal Sanctions Applicable to a Slave Engaged in Banking Activities
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1912699.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Galba
banker
nummularius
lex
slave
mutilation
mutilatio
mensa nummularia
money change
coin quality
minting operations
coin value
niewolnik
sankcja mutylacyjna
zmieniać pieniądze
badanie jakości monety
operacje menniczo-probiercze
wartość monety
bankier
Opis:
Gaius Suetonius in Vitae Galbae, as part of his Vita divi Augusti, described the case of a banker (nummularius) and the penal sanction applied to him by the later emperor Galba. The governor of the province of Hispania Tarraconensis ordered to cut off the hands of a banker who was unfairly changing money. In order to show even greater severity of the punishment, he ordered the cut off hands to be nailed to the table where the banker was performing the dishonest acts. Undoubtedly, nummularius punished by Galba conducted operations within mensa nummularia. The owners of the cantors used qualified people recruited from among the lower social strata, mainly slaves, to perform mint operations. The professional examination of the quality of a coin required a great deal of specialist work. The convict participated in the banking activity as a support technical personnel. The minting and testing operations ended with sealing the purse with tesserae nummulariae. Such specialized operations were not performed by Roman citizens. The content of tesserae nummulariae may be an indication that the testing operations were performed by slaves. Servi had actual knowledge of the contents of the controlled purses and the control process could be an opportunity for abuse or even punishable acts. The slave would therefore suffer a well-deserved and adequate punishment in the form of chopping off his hands and nailing them to the table at which he dishonestly carried out minting and testing activities.
Gaius Swetoniusz w Vitae Galbae w ramach swoich Vita divi Augusti opisał przypadek osoby zajmującej się działalnością bankierską (nummularius) oraz sankcję penalną zastosowaną wobec niej przez późniejszego cesarza Galbę. Namiestnik prowincji Hiszpania Tarrakońska rozkazał obciąć ręce bankierowi nieuczciwie zmieniającemu pieniądze. By pokazać jeszcze większą surowość nakazanej kary, zarządził przybicie obciętych rąk do stołu, na którym ów bankier dokonywał nieuczciwych działań. Niewątpliwie ukarany przez Galbę nummularius prowadził operacje w ramach mensa nummularia. Właściciele kantorów do wykonania operacji menniczo-probierczych posługiwali się wykwalifikowanymi osobami rekrutującymi się z niższych warstw społecznych, głównie niewolników. Profesjonalne badanie jakości monety wymagało wielu czynności specjalistycznych. Skazany brał udział w czynnościach bankierskich jako pomoc techniczna. Operacje menniczo-probiercze kończyły się opieczętowaniem sakiewki przy pomocy tesserae nummulariae. Takich specjalistycznych działań nie wykonywali obywatele rzymscy. Zawartość tesserae nummulariae może wskazywać na to, że czynności probierczych dokonywali niewolnicy. Servi posiadali faktyczną wiedzę o zawartości kontrolowanych sakiewek, a proces kontroli mógł być okazją do nadużyć czy wręcz czynów karalnych. Niewolnik poniósłby więc zasłużoną i adekwatną karę w postaci odrąbania rąk i ich przybicia do stołu, przy którym nieuczciwie dokonywał czynności menniczo-probierczych.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2020, 29, 4; 209-220
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
OFF-LABEL USE OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS - LEGAL RULES AND PRACTICES
Autorzy:
Jaroszyński, Janusz
Mela, Aneta
Furtak-Niczyporuk, Marzena
Staniszewska, Anna
Poniatowski, Łukasz A.
Dąbrowski, Jan
Czajka-Bełz, Anna
Zimmermann, Agnieszka
Dreher, Piotr
Drop, Bartłomiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/895505.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-08-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Farmaceutyczne
Tematy:
health policy
pharmaceuticals
medicinal products
off-label drug use
prescribing
Opis:
The off-label use of medicinal products raises many interpretation-related issues, not only among physicians, but also pharmacists and lawyers. The use of drugs in a manner other than that specified in the Summary of Product Characteristics is not regulated by Polish law. The authors’ goal is to discuss the topic mainly from the practical perspective, while also considering its theoretical aspects, and to identify systemic solutions to several problems, that are extremely important for the proper functioning of the entire healthcare system. The paper highlights that there is a fine line between experimental medicinal practices and those that are in keeping with current medical knowledge.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research; 2019, 76, 4; 621-628
0001-6837
2353-5288
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica - Drug Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odpady cytostatyczne i cytotoksyczne – zasady postępowania w Polsce
Cytostatic and cytotoxic waste – rules of conduct in Poland
Autorzy:
Furtak-Niczyporuk, Marzena
Jaroszyński, Janusz
Mela, Aneta
Staniszewska, Anna
Piotrowska, Jowita
Zimmermann, Agnieszka
Czajka-Bełz, Anna
Dreher, Piotr
Dąbrowski, Jan
Kapka-Skrzypczak, Lucyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162684.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-14
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
lek cytotoksyczny
cytostatyk
niebezpieczne odpady medyczne
bezpieczeństwo pracy z cytostatykami
usuwanie leków
bezpieczne postępowanie z cytostatykami
cytotoxic drug
cytostatic drug
hazardous medical waste
safety of work with cytostatic drugs
drug disposal
safe handling of cytostatic drugs
Opis:
Polska jest jednym z krajów europejskich, w których wytwarza się najwięcej niebezpiecznych odpadów medycznych. Mimo że w Europie ilość produkowanych odpadów cytotoksycznych i cytostatycznych (stosowanych w chemioterapii przez chorych onkologicznie) od kilku lat się zmniejsza, w Polsce – rośnie. Odpady te stanowią zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa dla pracowników medycznych oraz chorych otrzymujących leki. Dlatego wymagane są specjalne procedury postępowania, które pozwalają ograniczyć szkodliwość tych leków dla zdrowia ludzi. Celem pracy było przedstawienie zasad postępowania w Polsce z lekami cytotoksycznymi i cytostatycznymi oraz ich odpadami. Med. Pr. 2019;70(3):377–391
Poland is one of the European countries with the highest level of production of dangerous medical waste. Although in Europe the volume of produced cytotoxic and cytostatic waste (used in chemotherapy by oncological patients) has been declining for several years, in Poland a reverse trend has been observed. As this waste puts the safety of medical workers and patients at risk, special handling procedures are required to limit the harmful effect of these drugs on human health. In view of the above, the aim of the work was to present the rules of conduct with cytotoxic and cytostatic drugs, and their waste, in Poland. Med Pr. 2019;70(3):377–91
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2019, 70, 3; 377-391
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nummularii – государственные и частные банкиры в древнем Риме
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621274.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
nummularii, private bankers, ancient Rome, argentarii.
Opis:
Nummularii, like the other groups of entrepreneurs in the ancient Rome, such as tra- pezitae, argentarii, mensarii, mensularii, coactores, coactores argentarii, stipulatores argentarii, collectarii, were engaged in the banking business. Among the wide range of services offered by the Roman bankers nummularii dealt initially only with the quality and exchange of coins. Therefore, by performing these operations they performed the role of official assay institutions. Their duties were initially primarily to examine coins and metal from which they were made, and setting the value of minted gold and silver co- ins. Nummularii have used empirical examining methods, based on the senses of sight, touch, hearing, and by comparing them to the patterns and samples. They also checked whether the coin was minted by the appropriate authority. There is no evidence that other bankers, in addition to nummularii, were involved in the control of the quality of the coin. Presumably, after some time they expanded their business in banking. In addi- tion to examining the quality of coins nummularii also engaged in their exchange. They conducted also deposit operations and that’s why they became competitors to argentarii on the market of banking services.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2013, 12; 57-74
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
NIE KAŻDY MUSI BYĆ DOKTOREM PRAWA, CZYLI STARANIA O UZYSKANIE DOKTORATU NA WYDZIALE PRAWA NA UNIWERSYTECIE W INGOLSZTADZIE (BAWARIA) W 1644 ROKU
You don’t necessarily have to be an LL.D.: how to obtain a doctor’s degree from the University of Ingolstadt (Bavaria) in 1644
Autorzy:
Niczyporuk, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096779.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-08-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
Aron Aleksander Olizarowski; Uniwersytet w Ingolsztadzie; doktorat utriusque iuris; profesor; wymogi stawiane doktoratom; metryki uniwersyteckie; procedura doktorska; wpis do albumu studentów; egzamin doktorski.
Aron Aleksander Olizarowski; the University of Ingolstadt; the degree of Doctor Utriusque Iuris; professor; requirements for admission to a course of study for the doctor’s degree; the university register; proceedings for the award of the doctor’s degree; enrolment; examination for the award of the doctor’s degree.
Opis:
W dniu 11 lipca 1644 r. Aron Aleksander Olizarowski otrzymał na Uniwersytecie w Ingolsztadzie doktorat w zakresie prawa. Na Wszechnicy Ingolsztadzkiej studiowało w latach 1473-1700 co najmniej 828 studentów z Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów, a jedynie 383 z nich wybrało konkretny kierunek studiów. Na Wydziale Prawa Uniwersytetu w Ingolsztadzie naukę pobierało co najmniej 110 polskich studentów, choć w rzeczywistości mogło studiować około 300 osób. Aron Aleksander Olizarowski był jednym z kilku przedstawicieli Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów, którzy zdobyli stopień doktora obojga praw: cywilnego (rzymskiego) i kanonicznego (utriusque iuris) na Wszechnicy Ingolsztadzkiej. Z reguły o stopnie naukowe ubiegali się przede wszystkim ci, którzy planowali dalszą karierę akademicką, a także dostojnicy państwowi i kościelni. Bez wątpienia Aron Aleksander Olizarowski wraz ze swym przyjacielem Szymonem Dilgerem, po otrzymaniu na Uniwersytecie w Ingolsztadzie doktoratu w zakresie prawa, zostali profesorami Akademii Wileńskiej. Również baron Fryderyk Aleksander Kotulynski oraz Tomas Hornaeus mogli z dużym prawdopodobieństwem piastować urzędy w Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów.. Wymogi związane z uzyskaniem tego stopnia doktora obojga praw na Wydziale Prawa Uniwersytetu w Ingolsztadzie były wysokie, ale nie odbiegały od tych stosowanych na innych europejskich uniwersytetach. Kandydat musiał mieć odpowiedni poziom wykształcenia, dokonać wpisu do albumu studentów oraz zdać stosowny egzamin. Wobec powyższego dziwić może okoliczność, że tylko kilku absolwentów z Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów zwieńczyło swe studia w zakresie prawa doktoratem.
On July 11, 1644, Aron Aleksander Olizarowski obtained a doctor’s degree in Laws from the University of Ingolstadt. At least 828 students from Poland–Lithuania studied at Ingolstadt in the period from 1473 tob1700, but only 383 of them read for the Doctor Utriusque Iuris degree. We know of at least 110 Polish students in the Faculty of Laws, but the figure could well have been much more, about 300. Aron Aleksander Olizarowski was one of the few Poles who graduated as a Doctor Utriusque Iuris (Doctor of Roman (Civil) and Canon Law) from the University of Ingolstadt. As a rule, those whose aim was graduation were planning a career in academia or in the service of the Church or State. Obtaining the Doctor’s Degree in Laws from Ingolstadt certainly helped Aron Aleksander Olizarowski and his friend Szymon Dilger to be appointed to professorships at the University of Wilno (Vilnius). Baron Fryderyk Aleksander Kotulynski and Tomas Hornaeus were two other Ingolstadt graduates who rose in the world and held office in the service of the Polish–Lithuanian state, no doubt on the strength of their academic qualifications. The requirements for the degree of Doctor Utriusque Iuris from the University of Ingolstadt were high, but did not differ much from what was required at other European universities. The candidate had to have the right education for admission, be enrolled, and pass the prescribed examination, so it is surprising that only a handful of students from Poland–Lithuania managed to graduate as with a Doctor Utriusque Iuris from Ingolstadt.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze; 2022, 22, 2; 141-167
2353-8139
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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