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Wyszukujesz frazę "Middle English" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Tytuł:
Polish and English Discourses on the History of Medieval Italy: A Polysystem Study
I discorsi polacchi ed inglesi sulla storia dell’Italia medioevale: uno studio di polisistema
Autorzy:
Marcinkiewicz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/37502701.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
polysystem theory
Polish tradition of translation
British tradition of translation
historical discourse
Middle Ages
Opis:
The article deals with the problem of polysystem differences between Polish and English historical text dealing with Middle Ages. In the Polish literary tradition, the Renaissance poetics of translation favored free adaptations, totally independent of the originals. The British tradition of translation, codified at the end of the eighteenth century, did not allow paraphrase. On the contrary, translation should give a full transcript of the idea of the original text, while the style and manner of rendering should have the same character as in the original. As for the rhetoric of science, in the Polish language, it was first shaped by literary models of highly declensional Latin and then French models of purple prose. In the English language, scientific diction was based on inherent Germanic and Norman syntax-oriented models and openness to foreign patterns which was valued as a resistance against smooth reading and straightforward interpretations. The article analyses Henryk Samsonowicz’s introduction to Rozkwit średniowiecznej Europy [The Heyday of Medieval Europe] (2001) as well as the Polish translation of Chris Wickham’s Medieval Rome. Stability and Crisis of the City, 900–1150 (2015). The conclusion is that Polish and English scientific texts – not only those treating about Italy in the Middle Ages – belong to different genres. While Polish authors try to create linguistically transparent, smooth, and stylized essays belonging to belles-lettres, their English colleagues seem to be down-to-earth and precise, consciously preserving traces of cultural (Italian/ Roman) foreignness.
L’articolo affronta il problema delle differenze di polisistema tra testi storici polacchi e inglesi che trattano del Medioevo. Nella tradizione letteraria polacca, le poetiche rinascimentali della traduzione prediligevano il libero adattamento, del tutto indipendente dall’originale. La tradizione britannica della traduzione, codificata alla fine del XVIII secolo non permetteva la parafrasi. Al contrario, la traduzione dovrebbe trasmettere totalmente l’idea del testo originale, mentre lo stile e il modo di renderle dovrebbero avere le stesse caratteristiche dell’originale. Per quanto riguarda la retorica della scienza, nella lingua polacca, essa è stata dapprima formata da modelli letterari latini altamente declinanti e in seguito da modelli francesi di prosa ornata. Nella lingua inglese, la dizione scientifica era basata su modelli orientati alla sintassi germanica e normanna e l’apertura verso modelli stranieri era valutata come una resistenza ad una lettura scorrevole e ad interpretazioni chiare. L’articolo analizza l’introduzione di Henryk Samsonowicz a Rozkwit średniowiecz-nej Europy [Lo splendore dell’Europa Medioevale] (2001), così come la traduzione polacca di Medieval Rome. Stability and Crisis of the City di Chris Wickham (2015). Si conclude che i testi scientifici polacchi ed inglesi – non solo quelli che trattano dell’Italia nel Medioevo – appartengono a generi diversi. Mentre gli autori polacchi cercano di creare saggi linguisicamente trasparenti, scorrevoli e stilizzati appartenenti alle belles-lettres, i loro colleghi inglesi sembrano essere più concreti e precisi, conservando consapevolmente le tracce dell’alterità culturale (italiana/romana).
Źródło:
Perspektywy Kultury; 2023, 41, 2/1; 163-180
2081-1446
2719-8014
Pojawia się w:
Perspektywy Kultury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Denigrating Ethnic Others as Animals and Monsters in the Middle Ages: the Case of the „tailed English”
Poniżanie ludzi obcych etnicznie poprzez ukazywanie ich jako zwierząt i monstrów w średniowieczu – przypadek „Anglików, którzy mają ogony”
Autorzy:
Michalski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33773410.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
tailed English – motif
ethnic invective
ethnic stereotypes
monstrosity – middle ages
Anglicy, którzy mają ogony – motyw
inwektywy etniczne
stereotypy etniczne
monstrualność – wieki średnie
Opis:
The article takes a close look at the opinion that the Englishmen had tails as an example of negative attitudes towards alien ethnic groups held by medieval societies, that manifested itself in describing these groups’ members as animals and monsters. The author presents the oldest records mentioning the belief, emphasizing their diffusion already in the second half of the 12th century. He places an emphasis on the references in which the Englishmen are identified with animals because of the accusation of having tails. The most interesting account of this kind is Proprietates Anglicorum. Its creator advances the logical argument which he concludes that the inhabitants of Rochester punished by God with tails are monsters. The author stresses that this record follows the vigorous debates of the turn of the 14th century about the humanity of so-called monstrous races. In the following part of the article he analyses the explanation of disfigurement described by Jean d’Outremeuse (Ly myreur des histors). The author also examines the accounts in which an affiliation of the tails of the English to a species is provided. In this way the pejorative symbolism of the animals is assigned to these people as well. Just as in the cases of other groups accused of monstrosity and having tails, the invective thrown at inhabitants of England determines their identity as a people who are not fully human and hence are fundamentally different from those who offend them. Such humiliation – questioning of their humanity through an accusation of being an animal or a monster must be perceived as especially harsh. It was the very harshness of the invective that was the reason for its popularity.
Przedmiotem artykułu jest bliższe spojrzenie na opinię o tym, że Anglicy mają ogony jako przykładowi negatywnego stosunku średniowiecznych społeczności do grup etnicznie obcych, przejawiającego się w przedstawianiu ich członków jako zwierząt i monstrów. Autor przedstawia najstarsze przekazy dotyczące przekonania, podkreślając ich rozpowszechnienie już w II poł. XII w. Jego uwaga skupia się na wzmiankach w których, z powodu zarzutu posiadania ogonów, Anglików utożsamiano ze zwierzętami. Najciekawszym przekazem tego rodzaju jest dziełko Proprietates Anglicorum. Jego twórca przeprowadza logiczny wywód, w wyniku którego stwierdza, że pokarani przez Boga ogonami mieszkańcy Rochester są monstrami. Autor akcentuje, że przekaz ów wpisuje się w żywe na przełomie XIII/XIV w. dyskusje o człowieczeństwie tzw. monstrualnych ras. W dalszej części artykułu analizuje zaś wytłumaczenie zniekształcenia przedstawione przez Jeana d’Outremeuse (Ly myreur des histors). Autor rozpatruje też wzmianki, w których identyfikuje się przynależność gatunkową ogonów Anglików, za sprawą czego do członków tego ludu odnosi się symbolikę zwierząt postrzeganych jako negatywne. Podobnie jak w przypadku innych grup oskarżanych o monstrualność oraz o posiadanie ogonów, inwektywa dotykająca mieszkańców Anglii dookreśla ich tożsamość jako osób nie będących w pełni ludźmi, a zatem w sposób zasadniczy odróżniających się od tych, którzy ich obrazili. Poniżenie poprzez podważenie człowieczeństwa za sprawą oskarżenia o bycie zwierzęciem lub monstrum trzeba uznać za szczególnie dotkliwe. To właśnie ta dotkliwość inwektywy była powodem jej popularności.
Źródło:
Res Historica; 2022, 54; 33-55
2082-6060
Pojawia się w:
Res Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected Middle English adjectives of happiness: their representation in the Innsbruck Corpus
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, Weronika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29430974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
adjectives
happy
Middle English
semantic change
przymiotniki
szczęśliwy
zmiana semantyczna
Opis:
The present paper analyses the fates of the Middle English synonyms of the adjective happy. The group of the examined words contains adjectives beneurous, benewred, felicious, gracious, seely and the key item happy. Focusing on their fates in the period under question, the study uses data from the Innsbruck Corpus of Middle English, a collection of 129 Middle English digitised texts, preserved in 159 files, to determine token frequency, text distribution and semantic changes of the examined adjectives. Other sources used in the study are Middle English Dictionary (MED), The Oxford English Dictionary (OED), Historical Thesaurus of English (HTE) and AntConc, a freeware corpus analysis program. The evidence from the Innsbruck Corpus of Middle English Prose shows considerable discrepancies in the token frequency of the analysed terms and the number of attestations employed in the sense ‘happy’. Although the position of the adjective gracious was extraordinarily strong (354 attestations), the termyielded only 13 attestations used in the sense under study. The marginal status of benewred (2 attestations)and lack of beneurous in the Middle English texts examined announce their loss at the end of the period.
Źródło:
Conversatoria Linguistica; 2022, 14; 7-23
1897-1415
Pojawia się w:
Conversatoria Linguistica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The nominal and adjectival morphology of bounds to S 179 – A case study
Autorzy:
Zagórska, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2120010.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
forgery
charter
bounds
Norman Conquest
Old English
Middle English
nominal morphology
Opis:
The paper is a case study investigating the nominal and adjectival morphology in the English text of bounds to S 179, a post-Conquest forgery. The aim of the study is to determine what linguistic means of authentication were applied by an eleventh-century forger who devised a text which was supposed to look 200 years old at the time of its production, as well as to search for modern features which give the forgery away, at the same time allowing an insight into early Middle English. The study represents research into “transitional”, post-Conquest English (Faulkner 2012) and the status of English under the Norman rule.
Źródło:
Linguistica Silesiana; 2022, 43; 65-76
0208-4228
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Silesiana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“My Honor is My Life”: Sturm Brightblade of the Dragonlance Saga and Middle English Arthurian Knighthood
Autorzy:
Sell, Carl B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-20
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Arthurian
Dragonlance
appropriation
fantasy
knighthood
Opis:
Arthuriana has a long history of adaptation and appropriation in medieval and contemporary works, and the tradition of such textual borrowing and reworking continues in contemporary “genre” novels, particularly those that invoke associations with knights, honor, and codes of chivalry. One such example are the novels and short stories of the Dragonlance setting. Sturm Brightblade is positioned as a knight who adheres to a code of honor and is given Arthurian character traits, narrative arcs, and a backstory by the various authors that have fleshed out his history. The texts in the Dragonlance setting knowingly use appropriated elements from Middle English Arthurian works and assign them to Sturm Brightblade to give him proper positioning as a knight that would fit in with Arthur’s legendary Round Table.
Źródło:
Romanica Silesiana; 2021, 20, 2; 1-26
1898-2433
2353-9887
Pojawia się w:
Romanica Silesiana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review of the Book: Hans Sauer and Piotr P. Chruszczewski (eds.) Mostly Medieval: In Memory of Jacek Fisiak (= Beyond Language 5). San Diego, CA 2020: Æ Academic Publishing. ISBN: 978-1-68346-186-9, 568 pages
Autorzy:
Traxel, Oliver M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013224.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Gedenkschrift
Old English
Middle English
medievalism
linguistics
Opis:
This article is a review of a Gedenkschrift intended to memorise Jacek Fisiak, a well-known Polish professor of English who died in 2019. It presents an overview of the contributions to this volume, which is divided into six “Parts,” each of which focuses on a particular aspect connected to his person or academic work. The articles in this book cover a large number of fields, ranging from individual recollections through topics on historical English up to the modern day. It is concluded that this publication is a suitable way to posthumously honour a particularly productive and beloved scholar.
Źródło:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2021, 14; 383-389
2299-7164
2353-3218
Pojawia się w:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teaching about the Discourse of Otherness in "The King of Tars"
Autorzy:
Matyjaszczyk, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48808581.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Othering
King of Tars
Middle English
college teaching
medieval literature
Opis:
The present article is a teaching guide for a class or a series of classes about the discourse of Otherness, as employed in the medieval romance The King of Tars. It proposes an in-class discussion that reveals how the romance tells a story of an encounter with the Other and how it perpetuates the discourse of Otherness while doing that. Various strategies used in the tale to perform Othering are analyzed. These include the presentation of Muslims as a dehumanized outgroup, with its main representative – the Sultan – being portrayed as a beast missing the rational part of the soul; contrasting the said presentation with that of the rational Christian Princess; employing and modifying the motif of monstrous birth to define the Sultan further through his failure as a father and through the absence of what the tale sees as the essence of the human soul; setting the transforming power of the dominant group’s rituals against the ineffective, empty rituals of the out-group; the use of the rhetoric of proximity, i.e. pointing to certain similarities between “us” and “them” only to make the differences even more pronounced. The analysis of these strategies helps to recognize that while the characters within the represented world of the romance other Muslims through their actions, the narrator does the same through the use of the discourse of Otherness. The article is also devised as a review of criticism on the romance in the context of Otherness, so it can be useful as a starting point for those willing to research this matter further.
Źródło:
Analyses/Rereadings/Theories: A Journal Devoted to Literature, Film and Theatre; 2021, 7, 2; 40-62
2353-6098
Pojawia się w:
Analyses/Rereadings/Theories: A Journal Devoted to Literature, Film and Theatre
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Transmission of the Agnus Castus Herbal: From Manuscript to Early Print
Autorzy:
Esteve-Ramos, María José
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2084579.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
manuscripts
Agnus Castus Herbal
materia medica
scientific English
Middle English
Early Modern English
manuskrypty
naukowy angielski
średnioangielski
wczesna angielszczyzna
Opis:
This article aims at understanding how scientific writing was evolving from the medieval to the Early Modern times through the study of two copies of the same text belonging to both periods: the Agnus Castus Herbal. This text offers the possibility of studying the fluidity of this specific type of discourse in a time of a profound technological innovation, reflecting the way the texts were not only produced but also perceived. For those making decisions on how to present this old material to new readers and through a new medium, the influence of the new humanist views and the powerful middle-class may have influenced the final resolutions. The Agnus Castus Herbal was a very popular tract in the Middle Ages, a fundamental part of medical treatments at the time, and was probably still of great interest in the early sixteenth century. Its Early Modern English counterpart – published in 1525 – is the first Herbal printed in England.
Celem artykułu jest zrozumienie jak piśmiennictwo naukowe ewoluowało od średniowiecza do czasów nowożytnych. Badanie oparte jest na dwóch kopiach zielnika (Agnus Castus Herbal), który powstał w obu badanych okresach. Analiza tego tekstu pozwala zaobserwować zmiany jakie zachodziły w tego typu tekstach, oraz jak zmiany technologiczne wpłynęły na produkcję oraz postrzeganie zielników. Agnus Castus Herbal był bardzo popularnym traktatem w średniowieczu i prawdopodobnie nadal cieszył się dużym zainteresowaniem na początku XVI wieku. Jego wczesnoangielski odpowiednik – wydany w 1525 r. – jest pierwszym zielnikiem wydrukowanym w Anglii.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny; 2021, 3; 319-333
0023-5911
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ichaussage und Autobiographie im englischen Mittelalter: Zwischen Konvention und Individualität
Self-Description and Autobiography in Medieval England
Autorzy:
Sauer, Hans
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2231480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
autobiography
mentioning one’s name
Old English
Middle English and medieval Latin literature
“Deor”
Chaucer
Hoccleve
Margery Kempe
Opis:
This article deals with autobiographical remarks and autobiographies written in medieval England, either by English authors or by authors who came to England (mainly from France), as well as by authors that were born in England but moved (or had to move) abroad (mainly to France). The survey is broad in that it takes not only Old and Middle English texts into account, but also relevant Latin texts. A wide range of material exists, from passages where authors simply mention their name to fully-fledged autobiographies, such as the Book of Margery Kempe, which is often regarded as the first genuine English autobiography. In another respect, my scope is narrower than that of some previous critics (especially Brandl and Misch): autobiographies by clearly fictitious characters such as Beowulf or the speakers in many of the Old English elegies are excluded. However, the borderline between the genuine and the fictitious is not always easy to draw. Therefore, I also briefly discuss the Old English elegy “Deor”, where the speaker mentions his name (Deor), but is nevertheless probably a fictitious character. It is also not always easy to decide where the autobiography describes real events and where the speaker uses or at least seems to use topoi, conventionalized images; but even a conventionalized image can express real events. There are several cases where the speaker describes himself as an old man, who repents the luxurious and sinful life which he led in his youth. Due to these and similar problems, scholars have not been able to identify some authors or characters, even if their names are mentioned. This applies to the Old English poet Cynewulf or to Nicholas of Guildford, who is referred to as a wise man at the end of the Early Middle English poem “Owl and Nightingale.” Chaucer is the only author who describes himself with a bit of clear self-irony – this confirms Chaucer’s exceptional status among the medieval English poets.
Źródło:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2020, 10; 207-222
2299-7164
2353-3218
Pojawia się w:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Noun Phrase Modification in Middle English Culinary and Medical Recipes
Autorzy:
Bator, Magdalena
Sylwanowicz, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2231481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
culinary
medical
recipe
noun phrase
pre-modification
post-modification
Opis:
Although noun phrase modification and its evolution in early English writings have been the subject of many scholarly discussions, none of them has compared the use of noun phrases in the same text-type (= recipes) directed at different audiences. Thus, the present paper investigates the use of noun phrase modifiers in Middle English culinary and medical recipes. The study explores possible conditioning factors which may have influenced the use of pre- and post-modifiers in the two types of instructions written in the 14th and 15th centuries. Among others, the following questions will be considered: (i) which modification patterns prevailed in the examined material? (ii) was there any link between the type of the instruction and the choice of modifiers? (iii) did the modification patterns change over time? The corpus for the analysis consists of almost 2,300 recipes, which encompasses culinary and medical samples of approximately equal length.
Źródło:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2020, 10; 39-55
2299-7164
2353-3218
Pojawia się w:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Současná česka kultura styl básnických a dramatických tcxti a kultui u / kultivovanost jazyka / řeči
Contemporary Czech culture (the style of poetic and dramatic texts) and the culture / cultivation o f language / speech
Autorzy:
HOFFMANNOVÁ, JANA
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-11
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
language speech culture/cultivation
high — middle — low style
contemporary Czech drama and poetry
expressive means
slang
vulgarisms
English loanwords
trendy words
Opis:
This páper attempts to interrelate culture (as a set of values produced and received by a specific community, including its artistic and literary production) and language/speechculture/cultiva on. Its point of departure is the classic hierarchy of styles, the differentiation between high style (which is associated with cultivated, and in Czech, exclusively standardlanguage expression), middle and low style. Low style is characterized by the use of non-standard. slang and expressive means and vulgarisms, and currently extends into Czechliteratuře; the style characteristics o f which, in addition to the non-standard means listed above, are contributed to by a significant amount of English loanwords, trendy words and phi ases (often from the media and advertising spheres). The use of all means of low style by the younger generation o f Czech authors is motivated by cnrical attitudes towards thecontemporary consumption-oriented society. This is documented in the páper through examples irom two playwrights (David Drábek, Petr Kolečko) and two poets (Karel Škrabal, JanTesnohlídek, Jr.). The critical orientation of the authors is directed toward the lifestyle of the society - it is, of course, a question, how to evaluate their work from the perspective of languageculture/cultivation.
Źródło:
Stylistyka; 2012, 21; 83-96
1230-2287
2545-1669
Pojawia się w:
Stylistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Compensatory Lengthening in OT and DOT: Loss of Dorsal Fricatives in Middle or Early Modern English
Autorzy:
Kleban, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Compensatory Lengthening,
moraic phonology,
Optimality Theory,
Derivational Optimality Theory
Opis:
The loss of dorsal fricatives in English held significant consequences for the adjacent tautosyllabic vowels, which underwent Compensatory Lengthening in order to preserve a syllable weight. While the process appears to be regular in descriptive terms, its evaluation handled within standard Optimality Theory highlights the ineffectiveness of the framework to parse both the segment deletion and two weight-related processes: Weight- by-Position and vowel lengthening due to mora preservation. As Optimality Theory has failed to analyse the data in a compelling manner, the introduction of derivation, benefit- ting from the legacy of Lexical Phonology, seems inevitable. The working solution is provided by Derivational Optimality Theory, which assumes a restrictive use of intermediate stages throughout the evaluation.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2019, 28/2; 47-61
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Treatment of Prisoners of War in the Middle Ages: Western European Examples
Autorzy:
Niewiński, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1798784.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-10-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Middle Ages; War; Prisoners
Opis:
The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne 64 (2014), issue 2. The present article indicates some examples of the circumstances and ways of taking prisoners of war into captivity during military conflicts, the different possibilities of treating them and some measures to release them. The article includes, among others, fixed gestures and signs that were used to manifest the intention of giving oneself into the hands of one’s opponent and the ways of treating other prisoners of war. The examples cited herein, related to the captivity of kings, illustrate how different were the ways of treating prisoners of war, even of the same rank. Moreover, they show that some aspects of a politico-economic nature were superior to those indicated by the chivalric code. At the same time, the Crusades and close encounters with the Islamic world contributed to the considerable growth of sensibility to the fate of prisoners of war, which was expressed by the institutionalised (at least partially) procedure of giving freedom.
Źródło:
Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2019, 67, 2 Selected Papers in English; 7-41
0035-7707
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Degree of grammaticalisation of behind, beneath, between and betwixt in Middle English
Autorzy:
Ciszek-Kiliszewska, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/620620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-08-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
adverb
grammaticalisation
Middle English
preposition
Opis:
The analysis shows that while behind and beneath are still frequently used as adverbs in the whole Middle English period, between and betwixt are predominantly used as prepositions already in Early Middle English. This clearly demonstrates that the degree of grammaticalisation of the latter two Middle English words was much higher than that of behind and beneath.
Źródło:
Research in Language; 2018, 16, 2
1731-7533
Pojawia się w:
Research in Language
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Early English Recipes—Development of the Text Type
Autorzy:
Bator, Magdalena
Sylwanowicz, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016074.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Komisja Nauk Filologicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Oddział we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
recipe
culinary
medical
text-type
Middle English
Early Modern English
Opis:
The proposed paper is the outcome of a research project dealing with a comparison of the culinary and medical recipes at various stages in their development. The main aim of the present study is to concentrate on the major text type features as found in the two types of the recipe. Our preliminary studies have shown that some of these features are common in only one type of instruction, being hardly noticeable in the other. The results will show the differences but also the degree of overlapping between the most prominent text type features of culinary and medical recipes produced in Middle and Early Modern English.
Źródło:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology; 2018, 7; 29-54
2299-7164
2353-3218
Pojawia się w:
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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