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Tytuł:
“A Part of Me.” The Value of Dogs to Homeless Owners and the Implications for Dog Welfare
„Część mnie”. Znaczenie psów dla bezdomnych właścicieli i konsekwencje dla ich dobrostanu
«Часть меня». Значимость собак для бездомных владельцев и последствия для их оптимальных условий содержания
Autorzy:
Bailey, Chelsie
Hockenhull, Jo
Rooney, Nicola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21150518.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
бездомность
психическое здоровье
отношения с владельцами собак
социальная защита
homelessness
mental health
dog-owner relationships
welfare
Opis:
The UK homeless population is increasing. Companion animal ownership amongst homeless people is not uncommon, but the positive and negative consequences of this association for both humans and animals are unknown. We conducted semi-structured interviews with homeless dog owners covering how their dog impacted them, and how they met the dog’s welfare needs. Twenty-one homeless dog owners were recruited via a dog welfare charity that works with homeless people and their dogs. The interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically. Dogs were reported to provide similar benefits to dogs owned in households, but additionally owner believed they helped facilitate routine, assisted them through mental health issues and provided continuous emotional support. Owners noted difficulties accessing long- and short-term accommodation, and services, such as shops, due to their dog, and generally only entrusted other individuals to look after their dog in urgent cases. All the dogs were reported to receive veterinary care as needed, were treated against parasites, and fed adequately. The main concern expressed by owners was providing somewhere adequately warm and large for their dog to sleep, but we suggest access to a safe place to avoid frightening stimuli may also be important. During the interviews owners used the dog to facilitate discussion about themselves, allowing many to open-up about the difficulties of their past, and potential future. Our findings can be used to help direct how homeless charities can best help dog owners in the future.
Население бездомных в Великобритании растет. Владение собаками среди бездомных людей не является чем-то необычным, но положительные и отрицательные последствия этого общения как для людей, так и для животных остаются неизвестными. Авторы статьи провели частично структурированные интервью с бездомными владельцами собак, чтобы выяснить, как собака повлияла на их жизнь и как они удовлетворяют потребности собак в обеспечении их оптимальных условий содержания. Двадцать один бездомный владелец собак был выбран благотворительной организацией, занимающейся благополучием собак и сотрудничающей с бездомными и их собаками. Интервью были расшифрованы и проанализированы по тематике. Отмечено, что собаки бездомных приносят такую же пользу, как и собаки в домашних хозяйствах, но владельцы также считали, что животные-компаньоны помогают в установлении повседневного распорядка жизни, помогают с проблемами психического здоровья и обеспечивают постоянную эмоциональную поддержку. Из-за своей собаки владельцы отметили трудности с доступом к долговременному и краткосрочному жилью, а также к услугам, таким как магазины, и, в общем, они доверяли уход за собакой только в случаях крайней необходимости. Все собаки получали необходимую ветеринарную помощь, проходили лечение от паразитов и получали соответствующий корм. Главной заботой, выраженной владельцами, было обеспечение собаке достаточно теплого и просторного места для сна, но авторы статьи предполагают, что также важен доступ к безопасному месту, чтобы избежать причин для страха. Во время интервью владельцы обращались к собаке, чтобы облегчить обсуждение о себе, что позволило многим рассказать о трудностях в прошлом и потенциальном будущем. Результаты исследований могут быть использованы, чтобы показать, как благотворительные организации для бездомных могут наилучшим образом помочь владельцам собак в будущем.
Źródło:
Zoophilologica. Polish Journal of Animal Studies; 2023, Veterinary Social Work. Numer specjalny; 1-32
2719-2687
2451-3849
Pojawia się w:
Zoophilologica. Polish Journal of Animal Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Qualitative Study of Public Health and Policy Implications of Street Begging in Nigeria
Autorzy:
Lawal, Musediq Olufemi
Aliu, Nkechi Latifat
Irhue, Young Kenneth
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30146519.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
Street Begging
Development
Public Health
Abuja
Opis:
Regardless of the reasons for making begging a vocation, the beggars were noted as constituting a significant population in most cities of Nigeria. They are consistently becoming an interesting phenomenon in every academic discourse. This study, as a modest complement to existing academic efforts, examined the development and public health implications of street begging. It is qualitative in nature, hence the adoption of in-depth and key informant interviews as well as non-participant observation data collection approach. It covered six purposively selected areas with appreciable numbers of beggars in Abuja Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The investigated population from these settlements comprised 30 beggars, 16 staff of Ministries of Women Affairs and Social Development, Ministry of Health, 2 journalists, and 7 residents of the areas where beggars’ joints were located. The data collected was treated with content analysis. The results showed that some of the beggars have been in the act for more than 3 decades. They viewed begging as a legitimate occupation rather than a nuisance to the society. Relative deprivation led some people to adopt street begging as a means of making a livelihood. Recurring business failure influenced the incursion into begging as a means of survival. The development and public health implications of street begging come in the form of environmental nuisance and health hazards, poor image of human development index in the country to the outsiders. With incessant increase in their population, consistent reduction of the percentage of productive forces becomes the order of the day. This consequently implies a breakdown in social welfare system and vulnerable socio-environmental system where unsustainability thrives.
Źródło:
Acta Politica Polonica; 2022, 54; 67-82
2451-0432
2719-4388
Pojawia się w:
Acta Politica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemical incidents resulted in hazardous substances releases in the context of human health hazards
Autorzy:
Pałaszewska-Tkacz, Anna
Czerczak, Sławomir
Konieczko, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-02-21
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
environmental health
public health implications
health risk assessment
Chemical Hazards
chemical incidents
hazardous chemical releases
Opis:
Objectives The research purpose was to analyze data concerning chemical incidents in Poland collected in 1999–2009 in terms of health hazards. Material and Methods The data was obtained, using multimodal information technology (IT) system, from chemical incidents reports prepared by rescuers at the scene. The final analysis covered sudden events associated with uncontrolled release of hazardous chemical substances or mixtures, which may potentially lead to human exposure. Releases of unidentified substances where emergency services took action to protect human health or environment were also included. Results The number of analyzed chemical incidents in 1999–2009 was 2930 with more than 200 different substances released. The substances were classified into 13 groups of substances and mixtures posing analogous risks. Most common releases were connected with non-flammable corrosive liquids, including: hydrochloric acid (199 cases), sulfuric(VI) acid (131 cases), sodium and potassium hydroxides (69 cases), ammonia solution (52 cases) and butyric acid (32 cases). The next group were gases hazardous only due to physico-chemical properties, including: extremely flammable propane-butane (249 cases) and methane (79 cases). There was no statistically significant trend associated with the total number of incidents. Only with the number of incidents with flammable corrosive, toxic and/or harmful liquids, the regression analysis revealed a statistically significant downward trend. The number of victims reported was 1997, including 1092 children and 18 fatalities. Conclusions The number of people injured, number of incidents and the high 9th place of Poland in terms of the number of Seveso establishments, and 4 times higher number of hazardous industrial establishments not covered by the Seveso Directive justify the need for systematic analysis of hazards and their proper identification. It is advisable enhance health risk assessment, both qualitative and quantitative, by slight modification of the data collection system so as to enable the determination of released chemical concentration and exposed populations. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(1):95–110
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2017, 30, 1; 95-110
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Common Health, Safety and Environmental Concerns in Upstream Oil and Gas Sector: Implications for HSE Management in Ghana
Autorzy:
Oppong, Seth
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036317.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
Oil and Gas
Ghana
Occupational injuries
Psychological wellbeing
Environmental Impact
HSE
Opis:
This paper explores the literature to identify common occupational injuries, diseases, and psychological wellbeing on oil rigs as well as the negative environmental impacts of the upstream oil and gas sector. It ends by making recommendations for effective health, safety, and environmental (HSE) management. Review of the literature showed that contusion (bruise), cuts, and laceration are the commonest occupational injuries that workers on the oil rig suffer and that the injuries mostly affect the hand and finger, leg, and eyes of the offshore workers. These injuries were found to be caused mostly by direct stroke, jamming and overstrain. Similarly, accidental poisoning, musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory disorders and diseases of the digestive system were also documented as the commonest occupational diseases among offshore workers. The literature also shows that working offshore is associated with poorer psychological wellbeing or health; this is to say that offshore workers tend to experience higher levels of stress, burnout, anxiety, depression, low job satisfaction (particularly with the environmental conditions associated with their work), and sleep disorders. Finally, the literature review indicated that land-use problems, air pollution, acid rain, climate change, habitat disruption, environmental degradation, oil spills and leakages are some of environmental impacts of upstream oil production. This review was concluded by recommending some measures for the management of the HSE hazards associated with the oil and gas sector.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2014, 09; 93-106
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fazy gotowości do zmiany zachowań i ich uwarunkowania a zachowania w sferze aktywności fizycznej i żywienia wśród starszych pacjentów objętych w Krakowie opieką pielęgniarek środowiskowo-rodzinnych. Implikacje dla promocji zdrowia
The associations between stages of behavioral change, their conditons and health behaviors concerning physical activity and nutrition of older patients covered with community nurses care in Kraków. Implications for health promotion
Autorzy:
Szczerbińska, Katarzyna
Piórecka, Beata
Malinowska-Cieślik, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
elderly
health behaviours
physical activity
nutrition
stages of behavioral change
health education
Opis:
In frame of the European Project CHANGE (Care of Health Advertising New Goals for Elderly people) the study of health behaviours regarding healthy nutrition and physical activity was conducted on patients in age of 60 and more covered with care of community nurses. Objectives: To assess association between physical activity and nutritional habits, stages of change of these behaviors among older patients and other psychosocial conditions regarding planning of health education intervention to change their health behaviours. Methods: 108 persons at age avg. 69.6 (SD 60–87) were interviewed by questionnaire (assessing the frequency of intake of particular food products, physical activity, motivation and stage of change these behaviors, satisfaction with physical condition and general wellbeing) by the trained community nurses. Results: Results showed sedentary style of life in most studied patients. Among physical activity the frequency of daily walking was the highest (69%), while 70% of older people did not exercise. In study group 42% were not aware of importance of physical activity for their health. But the awareness of importance of healthy nutrition was high, and about half of study group (48%) reported that they eat meals with reduced fat, and 80% eat high fiber food. The rules of healthy nutrition were not fully respected. Positive correlations were shown between intention to change, stage of change of health behavior and performance of physical activity and healthy eating. Those behaviors were positively related to well-being and satisfaction with physical condition. Conclusions: Health promotion programs for older patients should be planned in different way depending on their stage of change of health behaviors. There is a need to raise awareness of importance of physical activity, and to educate older patients about recommended types of exercises and recreation. In case of recommendations of healthy nutrition, the awareness is high and performance definitely more frequent, therefore health promotion programs should stimulate development of permanent social support to maintain change of these behaviors.
Źródło:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie; 2011, 9, 1; 60-75
2084-2627
Pojawia się w:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fragile subjectivity, or the controversy grounded on the Lévinasian and Ricœurian philosophies of man, and some of its implications for understanding mental health
Autorzy:
Grzywacz, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
fragile subjectivity
Lé vinas
Ricœur
mental health
schizophrenia
Opis:
The study aims to confront two concepts of fragile subjectivity: one by Emmanuel Lé vinas and the other by Paul Ricœur. However, this is not the purpose in itself. Actually, the first step consists on the pointing out the similarities and divergences that exist between both approaches in dealing with the open and labile trait of human identity. This step further serves to highlight the discussion points which, due to the tension generated by the underlined incompatibilities, stimulate thinking and the search for mediation. To illustrate the fertility of this controversy, it is transferred to the area of philosophy of psychiatry, where an attempt is made to apply both anthropological positions to a philosophical interpretation of the essence of the phenomenon of schizophrenia. This interpretation of the pathogenesis of the chosen phenomenon allows, in turn, for a cautious conclusion to be drawn as to the described controversy between Lé vinas and Ricœur.
Źródło:
Logos i Ethos; 2020, 54; 115-131
0867-8308
Pojawia się w:
Logos i Ethos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health and society. Observations made when reading Mateusz J. Kuczabski’s book entitled Health Security. Implications for National Security
Autorzy:
Marciniak, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Fundacja Instytut Nauki o Polityce
Tematy:
Poland’s national security
health security
Mateusz J. Kuczabski
human security
Opis:
The article refers to Mateusz J. Kuczabski’s research presented in the book entitled “Health Security. Implications for National Security”. First, the article describes the contexts of research taken up by M.J. Kuczabski. Second, it presents and analyses the assumptions and organisation of the book under review. Third, it outlines further directions of research mapped out by the monograph. The paper fits into the area of research of security, politics and health studies.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Political Science; 2022, 8, 4; 62-73
2391-3991
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Political Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health implications of stream water contamination by industrial effluents in the Onitsha urban area of Southeastern Nigeria
Autorzy:
Okafor, Uchenna P.
Obeta, Michael C.
Ayadiuno, Romanus U.
Onyekwelu, Anthony C.
Asuoha, Godson C.
Eze, Eberechukwu J.
Orji-Okafor, Chetachi E.
Igboeli, Emeka E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844374.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
contamination
health implication
industrial effluents
Onitsha urban
stream water
Opis:
Nigeria has abundant surface and ground water resources many of which are polluted and can be detrimental to human health when consumed. This study investigated the effects of effluents discharged by industries into streams on the health of people who depend on stream water for domestic purposes in the Onitsha urban area of eastern Nigeria. Water samples collected from eleven discharge locations underwent physico-chemical and microbiological analyses. Data on the effects of industrial effluents on health were obtained from records in the public hospitals located in Onitsha as well as through questionnaire surveys and field observations. The results of the analyses revealed that the effluents grossly degrade surface water bodies; several parameters (temperature, iron, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, lead, magnesium, total heterotrophic counts, total coliform group, pH) had values which were higher than the WHO (2011) safety limits for drinking water. The contamination of investigated streams by effluents had negative impact on the health of stream users. The discussion included health effects of polluted water and the prevalence of water borne or related diseases in the area. Implications of these findings were also discussed. Management measures capable of minimizing contamination of surface water in the study area were suggested.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2021, 48; 105-114
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health properties of Yerba Mate
Autorzy:
Lutomski, P.
Goździewska, M.
Florek-Łuszczki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085625.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
tea
Yerba mate
medicinal effects (health implications)
Ilex paraguariensis
Opis:
Introduction. Yerba Mate, also called Paraguay tea, is obtained from the dried leaves (approximately 95%) and stems (about 5%) of the evergreen shrub-tree Ilex paraguariensis. Each year, the consumption of yerba mate becomes increasingly popular in North America and Europe. The fashion for Paraguay tea has also reached Poland. During the period 2012 – 2018, as much as an 8-fold increase has been observed in the import of this raw material to our country. Objective. The aim of the study is analysis of the present state of knowledge concerning the health effects of Yerba Mate, based on selected scientific literature. Dicussion. The consumption of yerba mate may exert a beneficial effect on human health and its consumption is recommended in the treatment of obesity and while practicing sports. Nevertheless, it should be remembered that a very high consumption of the tea, especially when very hot, may increase the risk of occurrence of cancer, which has not been unequivocally confirmed by scientific studies to-date. Conclusions. It has been confirmed that this beverage shows a number of beneficial health effects, including: a protective effect on liver cells, stimulation of the central nervous system, anti-inflammatory effect, as well as a positive effect on the cardiovascular system.
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2020, 27, 2; 310-313
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Human microbiome diversity: implications in health, disease, and applications
Autorzy:
Mboto, C. I.
Edet, U. O.
Mbim, E. N.
Zenoh, D. A.
Umego, C. F.
Odidi, F. S.
Tarh, J.
Upula, S. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1109197.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Human microbiome
applications of microbiome
gut
health and disease
Opis:
The human microbiome is a complex collection of microorganisms, including their genes and the metabolites colonizing the human body, and playing various functions in health and disease. The arrival of culture-independent molecular techniques such as metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have removed the limitations imposed by culture-dependent techniques. These advanced techniques have also brought about some paradigm shifts in what is known about the structural and functional diversities of the human microbiome in health and disease. The dynamics of the human microbiome is implicated in a number of human gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal diseases. This makes it a contemporary issue in biological and medical sciences. Of interest, some applications have already emerged for the human microbiome. These include being the source of antimicrobial substances, faecal microbiome therapy, probiotics, prebiotics and phage therapy. Given that a number of factors can alter the host microbiome - such as environment, lifestyle, stage of life, occupation, mode of delivery, therapy and so on, there is a need for more human microbiome projects that will help to capture these diversities in various continents. Furthermore, for the full impact of the various applications (both potentials and current) of human microbiome to be felt, there is need for more studies that will fully elucidate their physiology in humans.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2018, 21; 98-117
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ICT USE IMPLICATIONS FOR EXERCISE PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH IN THE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY COMMUNITY
Autorzy:
Dominic, Olufunmilola L.
Seidina, Iliasu Y.
Williams, D. F.
Oyerinde, O. O.
Olaitan, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449192.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-10-11
Wydawca:
Politechnika Opolska. Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego i Fizjoterapii
Tematy:
ergonomic, exercise, health ICT use, physical activity, sedentariness
Opis:
Background: ICT use encourages deviation from a physically active lifestyle and might surreptitiously become a contemporary contributor to chronic diseases. The study was conducted to examine the extent of ICT use and its implications for exercise participation and health in the Nigerian University Community. Methods: A descriptive survey research design involving permanent members of the University of Ilorin, Nigeria was used. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 767 staff and students with an age range of 15–60 years. The University of Ilorin ethical review committee granted clearance (UERC/ASN/2016/588). The respondents were informed and all signed the informed consent form. A validated questionnaire, “Information and Communication Technology Use and Sedentariness Questionnaire (ICTUSQ)” with reliability (r=.89), was used for data collection. Statistical analyses conducted were frequency, percentage and One-way ANOVA; p≤0.05. Result: The most common types of ICT activities among the Nigerian University Community were: mobile phones calls/texting 91.0% (n=698), online-chats 90.9% (n=697), computer use 69.9% (n=536) and viewing TV/DVD 64.5% (n=495). Due to ICT use, respondents were continuously sedentary for several hours daily. Only 34.8% (n=267) of them participated in the recommended amount of exercise, the majority 81.0% (n=621) reported that they were too busy to exercise. ICTinduced health problems included shoulder pain 60.9% (n=467), thumb pain 68.6% (n=526), fatigue 33.0% (n=253), phone addiction 84.3% (n=646) and anxiety/depression 76.1% (n=544). Irrespective of age, factors that largely determined the extent of ICT use were gender, n=767, F(9, 757)=407.73, p≤0.005; occupation, n=767, F(9, 757)=163.79, p≤0.002; and type of job, n=767, F (9, 757)=639.45, p≤0.003. Conclusion: Excessive ICT use leads to sedentariness and a reduction in the desire to exercise. The accumulated effect might accelerate the risk of cardiometabolic, cardiovascular, physiological and mental disorders. Regular physical activity breaks of at least 5 minutes each hour of continuous ICT use, and the introduction of physical education and sport programmes to inculcate sustainable physical activity culture in the university community is recommended.
Źródło:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective; 2018, 7, 11; 5-14
2084-7971
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Physical Education & Health - Social Perspective
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Individual and Institutional Implications of Building a Smoke-Free Society
Indywidualne oraz instytucjonalne implikacje budowania społeczeństwa wolnego od palenia
Autorzy:
Król, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1922034.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-07-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
smoking
public health
harm reduction
cost of smoking
life expectancy
palenie
zdrowie publiczne
redukcja szkód
koszty palenia
długość życia
Opis:
Cigarette smoking is the cause of more premature deaths than traffic accidents, AIDS, other drugs, alcohol, homicide and suicide taken jointly. Eliminating smoking would curb the cost of reduced employee productivity, smokers’ treatment and premature mortality. It would seem, therefore, that it is in the interest of the society, employers and addicted individuals to free the world from smoking. At the same time, Poland is among the largest tobacco producers in Europe, and the sale of tobacco products is a source of significant state budget revenues. Health, social and economic losses resulting from the harms of smoking are contrasted with the potential economic and budgetary losses, and the inevitability of the emergence of a shadow economy if tobacco products were to be delegalized. Current social, medical and legal measures aimed at the reduction of tobacco consumption do not have the desired effect and require a radical change in approach. It is not nicotine that kills smokers, but tar created in the process of burning tobacco leaves. Replacing highly harmful tobacco smoking with nicotine delivery products, which are safer by an order of magnitude, is presently the most viable way to improve public health and the quality of life of people addicted to nicotine.
Palenie papierosów jest przyczyną większej liczby przedwczesnych zgonów niż, łącznie licząc, wypadki komunikacyjne, AIDS, pozostałe narkotyki, alkohol, zabójstwa oraz samobójstwa. Wyeliminowanie palenia wiązałoby się z redukcją kosztów zmniejszonej produktywności pracowników, leczeniem palaczy oraz ich przedwczesną umieralnością. Wydawałoby się więc, że w interesie społeczeństwa, pracodawców oraz dotkniętych uzależnieniem jednostek jest całkowite uwolnienie świata od palenia. Równocześnie Polska należy do europejskiej czołówki producentów tytoniu, a sprzedaż wyrobów tytoniowych jest źródłem znaczących dochodów do budżetu państwa. Straty zdrowotne, społeczne i gospodarcze wynikające ze szkodliwości palenia przeciwstawione są potencjalnym stratom gospodarczym, budżetowym i nieuchronności powstania szarej strefy w przypadku delegalizacji produktów tytoniowych. Obecnie stosowane oddziaływania społeczne, medyczne oraz prawne w zakresie redukcji używania tytoniu nie odnoszą oczekiwanego skutku i wymagają radykalnej zmiany podejścia. Palaczy nie zabija nikotyna, ale dym powstający w procesie spalania tytoniu. Zastąpienie wysoce szkodliwego palenia tytoniu bezpieczniejszymi o rząd wielkości produktami dostarczającymi nikotynę jest obecnie najbardziej realnym sposobem poprawy zdrowia publicznego i jakości życia osób uzależnionych od nikotyny.
Źródło:
Problemy Zarządzania; 2018, 5/2018 (78); 62-76
1644-9584
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Zarządzania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kategoria „zdrowie” i „choroba” i ich implikacje dla zarządzania systemem ochrony zdrowia
Category „Health” and „Disease” and their Implications for a Healthcare System Management
Категории "здоровье" и "болезнь" и их импликация в управлении здравоохранительной системой
Autorzy:
Piontek, Barbara
Macha, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/548122.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
zdrowie
choroba
system ochrony zdrowia
biomedyczny model zdrowia
holistyczny model zdrowia
health
disease
healthcare system
biomedical health model
holistic health model
Opis:
Podjęty temat jest niezwykle istotny z punktu zmian, jakie zachodzą we współczesnej rzeczywistości. Przede wszystkim należy zauważyć, że, pomimo iż mówimy o niespotykanym dotąd „skoku cywilizacyjnym”, szansie, której nie miały wcześniejsze pokolenia i postępie technologicznym, wciąż borykamy się z fundamentalnymi wyzwaniami w zakresie dostępności do usług wrażliwych, tj. bezpośrednio związanych z ochroną i ratowaniem zdrowia oraz życia. Należy zwrócić uwagę, że zdrowie społeczne jest obszarem strategicznym, a kształtowanie ładu w tym zakresie powinno być branżą strategiczną polityki publicznej. System ochrony zdrowia jest obszarem wyjątkowo trudnym do efektywnego zarządzania, a jednym z pierwszych problemów, który napotykamy, są zmieniające się interpretacje podstawowych dla tego systemu kategorii: „zdrowie” i „choroba”. W szczególności, zmiany te powodują zaburzenia w systemie ochrony zdrowia państwa przyczyniając się do jego niestabilności. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie problemów definicyjnych kategorii „zdrowie” i choroba”, jako kluczowych dla efektywnego zarządzania systemem ochrony zdrowia. W niniejszym artykule przyjmuje się założenie, że postrzeganie, rozumienie i definiowanie kategorii „zdrowie” i „choroba” zawierają przyjęty sposób widzenia rzeczywistości, który determinuje podstawy dla rozwiązań systemowych dla ochrony zdrowia oraz wpływa na możliwości budżetowania systemu ochrony zdrowia.
The issue under research is essentially important considering changes in modern reality. First of all it must be pointed out that although we experience a unique civilization change, take a chance that was unachievable for earlier generations and observe technological progress, we still struggle with fundamental challenges specified by accessibility of services which are directly connected with healthcare and life preservation. It must be stressed that social health constitutes a strategic field, and creation of right order in the field should be treated as strategic aim of public policy. Healthcare system constitutes a field that is very difficult to be efficiently managed, and changing interpretation of basic categories for the system: “health” and “disease” are one of the first met problems. Especially, these changes result in troubles in a state healthcare system by increasing its instability. An aim of the study is to indicate problems in defining categories “health” and “disease” as the essential ones to efficiently manage a healthcare system. In the study we make an assumption that perception, understanding and defining categories “health” and “disease” contain a way of perceiving reality which determines basics to systemic solutions for healthcare and influence ability to finance a healthcare system.
Źródło:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy; 2016, 48; 230-245
1898-5084
2658-0780
Pojawia się w:
Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Moral hazard and its implications on health insurance sector – overview of impact of COVID-19 pandemic
Autorzy:
Sikora-Alicka, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2123399.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
moral hazard
health insurance
COVID-19
Opis:
Kenneth J. Arrow’s disruptive work, 'Medical Uncertainty and Welfare Economics’, published in 1963, was one of the first studies investigating the effects of moral hazard on the healthcare sector. Since then, countless works exploring that subject have been published. The history of research on moral hazard in medical insurance shows that this concept is defined differently in other areas of the economy than healthcare. Purpose – The proposed work is an attempt to understand and conceptualize the moral hazard in health insurance. As uncommon circumstances marked 2020, we now consider health insurance through the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This work discusses the results of an investigation of the impact of moral hazard and its implications on the health insurance sector during COVID-19. Research method – The author designed and conducted a study that presented several metrics involving the distribution of medical expenditures, the effect of price on medical care consumption, the PLS (profit and loss sharing) concept, and their mediating and moderating effect on moral hazard in the insurance sector. Results – There is a statistically significant and very strong relationship with a positive sign (β = 0.79; p <0.001) between the price effect and the moral hazard. The analyses show also that the price effect coexists statistically with the PLS, and the relationship between these variables is moderately strong and positive (β = 0.79; p <0.001). Originality – Insignificant relationship between the PLS and the moral hazard can be seen while the price is entered into the model (β = 0.03; p = 0.450). The lack of mediation could confirm that the price effect plays a major role in a moral hazard.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2022, 1(107); 113-126
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena barierowości przeciwroztoczowej wyrobów włókienniczych z grupy „ARGO plus” stosowanych w prewencji alergii uczuleń na roztocze kurzu domowego
Assessment of house-dust mite allergen-blocking effectiveness of newly developed barrier fabrics „ARGO plus” for antiallergic covers
Autorzy:
Majkowska-Wojciechowska, Barbara
Jarzębska, Marzanna
Kowalski, Marek L.
Cieślak, Małgorzata
Krawczyńska, Iwona
Malinowska, Grażyna
Kaleta, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078820.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Oficyna Wydawnicza Mediton
Tematy:
pokrowce barierowe
ocena tkanin
roztocze kurzu domowego
wpływ na zdrowie
covers
fabrics evaluation
house dust mites
implications on human health
Opis:
Wprowadzenie: Alergeny roztoczy mogą łatwo gromadzić się w materacach i na powierzchniach tekstylnych, głównie na pościeli. Zatwierdzone strategie ograniczania narażenia na alergeny roztoczy obejmują stosowanie pokrowców z certyfikowanej tkaniny barierowej. Pokrowce mogą znacząco zwiększyć komfort i bezpieczeństwo nocnego snu oraz zapobiegać występowaniu zaostrzeń alergii atopowych i astmy. Celem pracy była ocena skuteczności blokowania alergenów przez nowo opracowane tkaniny barierowe przeznaczone na pokrowce antyalergiczne. Metody: Tkaniny barierowe z włókien poliestrowo-bawełnianych z jednostronną powłoką polimerową zostały opracowane i wytworzone przez Łukasiewicz-Instytut Włókiennictwa. Skuteczność barierową opracowanych tkanin i kontrolnej tkaniny bawełnianej, przed alergenem kurzu i roztoczy kurzu domowego Der p 1, badano zgodnie z wcześniej opisaną i opatentowaną metodą.[1,2]. W skrócie: próbki kurzu domowego odsysano odkurzaczem przez badane tkaniny, a kurz i alergeny zbierano na filtrach. Po ekstrakcji filtrów oznaczono stężenia alergenu roztoczy Der p 1 komercyjną metodą ELISA. Skuteczność barierową określono jako % przepuszczalności tkanin powlekanych w stosunku do kontrolnej tkaniny bawełnianej. Wyniki: Zbadano łącznie sześć rodzajów tkanin powlekanych i wybrano jedną o najlepszych właściwościach, zapobiegających przenikaniu kurzu i Der p 1. Ten opracowany materiał (nazwany Argo Plus) charakteryzował się wysoką skutecznością barierową wobec alergenu Der p 1 (0,15 % przepuszczalności ) oraz przepuszczalnością pary wodnej i powietrza. Po 20 cyklach prania tkanina Argo Plus zachowała swoją funkcję barierową. Wniosek: Stosując naszą oryginalną metodę badania tkanin barierowych, mogliśmy wybrać materiał włókienniczy o optymalnych właściwościach barierowych, który można wykorzystać do produkcji pokrowców na pościel i materace - barierowych wobec alergernów roztoczy kurzu domowego.
Background: Mite allergens can easily accumulate in mattresses and on textile surfaces, mainly on linen. Approved strategies for reducing exposure to dust mite allergens include the use of covers from certified barrier fabric. Covers may significantly increase the comfort and safety of nighttime sleep and prevent the occurrence of exacerbations of atopic allergies and asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the allergen-blocking effectiveness of newly developed barrier fabrics designed for antiallergic covers. Methods: The barrier fabrics made of polyester/cotton woven structure with one-sided polymer coating were developed and manufactured by the Łukasiewicz-Textile Research Institute. Barrier effectiveness of designed fabrics and control cotton woven fabric against dust and house dust mite allergen Der p 1 was tested according to the previously described and patent method.[1,2]. In brief, house dust samples were sucked onto the tested textile material with a vacuum cleaner and the allergen was collected on filters. Following a filter extraction, the mite allergen Der p 1 concentration was determined with commercial ELISA method. Barrier effectiveness was defined as the % of permeability of tested fabrics in relation to control cotton fabric. Results: A total of six fabrics types were tested and the one with the best performance in preventing dust and Der p 1 penetration was chosen. This developed textile material (named Argo Plus) was characterized by a high barrier effectiveness against Der p 1 allergen (0,15 % permeability), but at the same time had sufficient permeability to the air and water vapor. When subjected to 20 washing cycles the Argo Plus fabric retained its barrier function. Conclusion: Using our original method for barrier fabrics testing, we were able to select a textile material with optimal barrier characteristics, which may be used to manufacture mattress covers.
Źródło:
Alergia Astma Immunologia - przegląd kliniczny; 2021, 26, 2-3; 67-75
1427-3101
Pojawia się w:
Alergia Astma Immunologia - przegląd kliniczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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