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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Phase Change Materials on Time Lag, Decrement Factor and Heat-Saving
    Autorzy:
    Bilgin, F.
    Arici, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031295.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    44.05.+e
    88.10.cn
    88.40.-j
    Opis:
    In this study, the effect of phase change materials on the time lag, decrement factor and heat-saving is examined numerically. The calculations are conducted for four different cities located at different climatic zones in Turkey, considering both summer and winter conditions, in order to explore the potential heating and cooling energy savings by employing phase change materials. A solar-air temperature, which is a function of time and solar radiation, was taken into consideration as external boundary condition for each city. The results of the present study show that employment of phase change materials in walls of the buildings has a pronounced effect on the time lag and decrement factor. It is concluded that a significant amount of heating energy can be saved and thermal comfort can be enhanced considerably by incorporating phase change materials into external walls. However, a proper phase change material must be selected, considering different climatic conditions.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 1102-1105
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prevailing Parameter Evaluation with Heat Transfer Analysis of Absorber Plate in the Flat Solar Collector
    Autorzy:
    Er, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031652.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    88.40.-J
    44.40.+A
    44.25.+F
    44.05.E
    Opis:
    Solar radiation coming to a solar panel is absorbed and converted into thermal energy, increasing its temperature. This study is focused on the solar thermal panels. As known, the analysis of thermal performance of the collector includes such parameters as solar irradiance, ambient temperature and configuration of collectors etc. In this study, thermal analysis of the absorbent plate of a flat plate solar collector and the temperature transfer to the working fluid, were investigated. During thermal analysis the absorbent plate was considered as an one-dimensional fin. It is assumed that lower surface of the solar panel is ideally insulated in this study. Therefore solar irradiance and heat loss to the environment are analyzed at the upper surface of the absorber plate. This study is aimed to investigate the relations of temperature distribution on the absorber plate and heat transfer from the absorber plate to the fluid. The achievable maximum fluid temperature at the practical working conditions, which quantifies the availability of usable heat energy, obtained by the collector, has been determined as a function of solar irradiance. Procedure is based on steady state analysis and on calculation of the thermal performance of flat-plate collector. The effects of the parameters, which determine the collector efficiency, have been investigated by evaluating all results. Results show that the flat-plate collector performs good and provides the desired quantity of hot water.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 1025-1029
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Photovoltaic Panel Simulation Using a Mobile Application
    Autorzy:
    Kiriş, B.
    Bingöl, O.
    Uçar, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031878.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    88.40.-j
    88.40.H
    Opis:
    Today, the use of renewable energy resources is increasing rapidly because the solar energy is easily accessible and abundant. Solar energy is converted into electrical energy using photovoltaic panels. Photovoltaic panel is an energy source, which contains many solar cells, absorbing the solar energy. Factors affecting the operation of photovoltaic panels are the solar irradiance, the temperature, the surface, and the direction angle. For this reason, before employing a photovoltaic panel, the power values, which can be obtained from such photovoltaic panel should be analyzed and evaluated according to the application conditions, considering all these factors. In this study, calculation of power, current and voltage, generated by a photovoltaic panel, was performed on a mobile device for a determined region. Hourly, daily and monthly total power information, obtained according to the characteristics of the photovoltaic panel, such as panel position, direction and inclination, that can be obtained using the mobile device, are presented to the user by the developed application.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 922-925
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Residual Strain and Electrical Activity of Defects in Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
    Autorzy:
    Martínez, O.
    Mass, J.
    Tejero, A.
    Moralejo, B.
    Hortelano, V.
    González, M.
    Jiménez, J.
    Parra, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1198419.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    78.30.Am
    61.72.Ff
    88.40.jj
    Opis:
    The growth process by casting methods of multi-crystalline Si results in a crystalline material with, among other defects, a high density of dislocations and grain boundaries. Impurity incorporation and their gathering around grain boundaries and dislocations seem to be the main factor determining the electrical activity of those defects, which limit the minority carrier lifetime. In this work, we analyze multi-crystalline Si samples by combining etching processes to reveal the defects, Raman spectroscopy for strain measurements, and light beam induced current measurements for the localization of electrically active defects. In particular, we have explored the etching routes capable to reveal the main defects (grain boundaries and dislocation lines), while their electrical activity is studied by the light beam induced current technique. We further analyze the strain levels around these defects by Raman micro-spectroscopy, aiming to obtain a more general picture of the correlation between residual stress and electrical activity of the extended defects. The higher stress levels are observed around intra-grain defects associated with dislocation lines, rather than around the grain boundaries. On the other hand, the intra-grain defects are also observed to give dark light beam induced current contrast associated with a higher electrical activity of these defects as compared to the grain boundaries.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 4; 1013-1016
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dislocation Generation and Propagation across the Seed in Seed Cast-Si Ingots
    Autorzy:
    Miyamura, Y.
    Chen, J.
    Prakash, R.
    Jiptner, K.
    Harada, H.
    Sekiguchi, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1363535.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    88.40.jj
    81.10.Fq
    61.72.Ff
    61.72.Hh
    61.72.Lk
    Opis:
    We have studied the dislocation generation and propagation from the seed crystals during seed cast Si growth. The grown ingot was cut into a vertical wafer, followed by the dislocation imaging using X-ray topography and Secco etching. The dislocation behavior at the seed area was compared with the dislocation generation at the top surface due to the thermal stress during cooling. The dislocations at the seed/crystal interface have propagated on the {111} plane toward top. When the seed surface was not melted sufficiently, the interface defect density became high, but no clear dislocation propagation was recognized. This suggests that the thermal shock at the seed/melt interface was not high enough to propagate dislocations to the growth direction. A certain amount of dislocations has been introduced from the top into the ingot according to the thermal stress. These observations suggest that optimizing the initial growth condition is important to dislocation control.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 4; 1024-1026
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study of the Absorption in Solar Cells with 2D Photonic Crystals
    Autorzy:
    Ouanoughi, A.
    Hocini, A.
    Khedrouche, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192379.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    42.70.Qs
    42.79.-e
    88.40.-j
    Opis:
    In this work, we design via numerical simulation the absorption properties of silicon nanohole arrays of vertically aligned square lattice arrays with lattice constants varying from 300 nm to 400 nm, using the finite difference time-domain method (FDTD). The silicon (Si) is chosen as prototype material for this study due to better understanding of the material properties and widely available optical data. The parameters for photonic crystals are optimized through computer simulations to obtain the maximum absorption and path length enhancement. We investigated the performance of the considered structure and determined the geometrical parameters that allow a better absorption.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 4; 1205-1207
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Improvement of the performance of purple carrot sensitized solar cells by acidic treatment of FTO glass substrate and TiO₂ film
    Autorzy:
    Radwan, I.
    Taya, S.
    El-Agez, T.
    Abdel-Latif, M.
    Ghamri, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1158255.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    88.40.-j
    88.40.H-
    Opis:
    In this paper, dye sensitized solar cells were prepared using titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and natural dye extracted from purple carrot. The performance of dye sensitized solar cells was significantly improved through the pre- and post-treatments of the fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate and the TiO₂ film using hydrochloric (HCl), phosphoric (H₃PO₄), and nitric (HNO₃) acids. The results showed that the pre-treatment of the FTO with H₃PO₄ and the post-treatment of TiO₂ with HNO₃ resulted in improved efficiencies of 130% and 250%, respectively.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 3; 795-799
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental study of degradation modes and their effects on reliability of photovoltaic modules after 12 years of field operation in the steppe region
    Autorzy:
    Saadsaoud, M.
    Ahmed, A.
    Er, Z.
    Rouabah, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1054959.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    88.40.-J
    88.40.H-
    88.40.FF
    Opis:
    This paper presents an evaluation of the performance degradation of photovoltaic modules after twelve operation years in a steppe region environment in Algeria. The objective is to understand the different degradation modes of the photovoltaic modules and associated factors and their impact on the electrical properties (V_{oc}, I_{sc}, V_{max}, I_{max}, P_{max} and FF) using the degradation tests of IEC 61215 qualification standard and the electroluminescence test. The experimental results show that yearly degradation rates of the maximum power output P_{max} present the highest possible loss, ranging from 2.08% to 5.2%. Additionally, the results show that the short-circuit current I_{sc} comes second with yearly degradation rates spanning from 2.75% to 2.84%. Finally the open-circuit voltage V_{oc} is the least affected, with yearly degradation occurring from 0.01% to 4.25%.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 930-935
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sponge-like Porous ZnO Photoanodes for Highly Efficient dye-sensitized Solar Cells
    Autorzy:
    Sacco, A.
    Lamberti, A.
    Berardone, I.
    Bianco, S.
    Gazia, R.
    Pugliese, D.
    Quaglio, M.
    Tresso, E.
    Pirri, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399944.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    81.15.Cd
    68.55.A-
    68.55.J-
    81.05.Rm
    72.20.Jv
    72.40.+w
    73.40.Mr
    88.40.H-
    Opis:
    We propose a 3D branched ZnO nanostructure for the fabrication of highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cell photoanodes. A coral-shaped structured Zn layer was deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at room temperature onto fluorine-doped tin oxide/glass sheets and then thermally oxidized in ambient atmosphere, obtaining a high-density branched ZnO film. The porous structure provides a large surface area, and, as a consequence, a high number of adsorption sites, and the size and spacing of the nanostructures (on the order of the exciton diffusion length) are optimal for good electron collection efficiency. The proposed synthesis technique is simple and scalable and the reproducibility of the growth results was tested. The crystalline phase of the film was investigated, evidencing the complete oxidation and the formation of a pure wurtzite crystalline structure. ZnO-based solar harvesters were fabricated in a microfluidic architecture, using conventional sensitizer and electrolyte. The dependence of the cell efficiency on dye incubation time and film thickness was studied with I-V electrical characterization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The obtained conversion efficiency values, with a maximum value of 4.83%, confirm the highly promising properties of this material for the implementation in dye-sensitized solar cell photoanodes.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 2; 386-389
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Numerical Analysis of Metal-Cylinder-Based Microwave Plasma Module
    Autorzy:
    Sobański, M.
    Jasiński, M.
    Mizeraczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1366115.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-06
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    88.80.hp
    84.40.-x
    52.35.Hr
    84.40.Dc
    02.70.Dh
    88.30.E-
    52.65.-y
    52.50.Dg
    11.55.-m
    52.40.Fd
    84.40.Az
    Opis:
    We present optimization of energy transfer in the waveguide-supplied metal-cylinder-based microwave plasma module with an inner cylindrical quartz tube. The construction of microwave plasma module is based on a WR 340 waveguide standard. Presented microwave plasma module operates at atmospheric pressure and frequency of 2.45 GHz. There is a reduced height section waveguide in microwave plasma module which provides local increase of the electric field in the plasma region. Microwave plasma module is terminated with a movable plunger which plays the role of the tuning element. Tuning characteristics of microwave plasma module are defined as the dependence of the $P_{R}$/$P_{I}$ on the position $l_{s}$ of the movable plunger, where $P_{R}$ and $P_{I}$ are the microwave power reflected and power incident, respectively. The powers $P_{R}$ and $P_{I}$ are measured in the input plane of microwave plasma module. The purpose of the presented optimization is to achieve $P_{R}$ lower than 5% of $P_{I}$ in widest range of position of movable plunger $l_{s}$. We used Comsol Multiphysics software to make numerical analysis which allows to optimize the parameters of microwave plasma module. Results of numerical analysis show that $P_{R}$/$P_{I}$ is lower than 0.05 in a wide range of movable plunger position $l_{s}$.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 6; 1309-1311
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Raman Study of Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers Produced by the RST Process
    Autorzy:
    Tejero, A.
    Tupin, E.
    González, M.
    Martínez, O.
    Jiménez, J.
    Belouet, C.
    Baillis, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1198416.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-04
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    78.30.Am
    61.72.Ff
    88.40.jj
    Opis:
    In the silicon ribbon on a sacrificial template process silicon is deposited on both sides of a carbon ribbon, thus forming a Si/carbon/Si trilayer. The fast cooling of the ribbon in large temperature gradients generates stresses that are detrimental to both the electrical performance and the mechanical behaviour of the wafers. The assessment of the stresses is crucial for the setting-up of thermal treatments allowing for the stress relaxation of the wafers, prior to the cell fabrication. We present an analysis of the stress in the as-grown trilayer by a simulation of the thermomechanical behaviour of the cooling ribbon. Experimental measurements of the stress in as-grown and annealed trilayers are also presented. The results permit to establish the conditions for optimized growth and annealing.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 4; 1006-1009
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    High-Resolution X-Ray Diffraction Studies on MBE-Grown p-ZnTe/n-CdTe Heterojunctions for Solar Cell Applications
    Autorzy:
    Wichrowska, K.
    Domagala, J.
    Wosinski, T.
    Chusnutdinow, S.
    Karczewski, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375736.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-11
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    61.05.cp
    81.05.Dz
    81.15.Hi
    88.40.jm
    Opis:
    High-resolution X-ray diffractometer was used to study structural quality, lattice parameters and misfit strain in p-ZnTe/n-CdTe heterojunctions grown by the molecular-beam epitaxy technique on two different (001)-oriented substrates of GaAs and CdTe. The X-ray diffractometer results indicate that the CdTe layers, grown on lattice mismatched GaAs substrate, are partially relaxed, by the formation of misfit dislocations at the interface, and display residual vertical strain of the order of $10^{-4}$. The presence of threading dislocations in the layers effectively limits the efficiency of solar energy conversion in the investigated heterojunctions. Homoepitaxially grown CdTe layers, of much better structural quality, display unexpected compressive strain in the layers and the relaxed lattice parameter larger than that of the substrate. Possible reasons for the formation of that unusual strain are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 5; 1083-1086
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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