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Tytuł:
Powder injection moulding of micro parts
Autorzy:
Biało, D.
Skalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/385216.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
powder
injection moulding
debinding
micro parts
shrinkage
Opis:
This paper presents and discusses individual phases of forming micro parts using the injection moulding method. Tests involving the preparing of feedstock for the process of injection micro moulding were conducted. The rheological properties for binder-powder compositions were also defined. Tests were conducted for 316L stainless steel and iron metal powders and Al2O3 ceramics with granularity ranging from 0.135 žm to 16 žm. Binders consisted of polyethylene, paraffin and wax. Technological parameters of the process of injection micro moulding are presented, including the impact of individual factors on the filling of the mould cavities. Moreover, results of tests with respect to the shrinking of the micro parts as well as of the structure of the material following sintering are presented.
Źródło:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2009, 3, 4; 87-90
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heart segmentation in echo images
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Turcza, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220439.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
echocardiography
image segmentation
level set method
Hough transform
shape estimation
Opis:
Cardiovascular system diseases are the major causes of mortality in the world. The most important and widely used tool for assessing the heart state is echocardiography (also abbreviated as ECHO). ECHO images are used e.g. for location of any damage of heart tissues, in calculation of cardiac tissue displacement at any arbitrary point and to derive useful heart parameters like size and shape, cardiac output, ejection fraction, pumping capacity. In this paper, a robust algorithm for heart shape estimation (segmentation) in ECHO images is proposed. It is based on the recently introduced variant of the level set method called level set without edges. This variant takes advantage of the intensity value of area information instead of module of gradient which is typically used. Such approach guarantees stability and correctness of algorithm working on the border between object and background with small absolute value of image gradient. To reassure meaningful results, the image segmentation is proceeded with automatic Region of Interest (ROI) calculation. The main idea of ROI calculations is to receive a triangle-like part of the acquired ECHO image, using linear Hough transform, thresholding and simple mathematics. Additionally, in order to improve the images quality, an anisotropic diffusion filter, before ROI calculation, was used. The proposed method has been tested on real echocardiographic image sequences. Derived results confirm the effectiveness of the presented method.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 2; 305-314
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analyses of micro moulding process of the microelements from ceramic powders
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Biało, D.
Wisniewski, W.
Paszkowski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/384359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
injection moulding
microelements
ceramic powders
Opis:
The article discusses the issues related to moulding of micro-elements from powder materials and it covers the first stage of the process - injecting to the mould cavity and filling the micro-channels. The material, which constituted the composition of a special thermoplastic binder and ceramic powder, was injected. The binder consisted of paraffin, polyethylene, wax and stearic acid. The nanometer powders from Al2O3 ceramic material with granularity of 660 nm and 135 nm and irregularly shaped particles were used. Different loading of composition by powder were used. The analyses of the impact of injection parameters, such as the mould-s temperature and the temperature of the material, on the quality of filling the micro-mould cavity with the material, were presented. The special moulding insert with micro-channels was made to perform the analyses to that effect with width from 50 to 1000 mm. The presented results of filling the micro-channels indicate considerable influence of the mould's temperature and the cross-section of microchannels. Slight impact of the material's temperature was observed; however, this factor does not have a considerable influence on filling the channel. The obtained information was used in the experiments of injection the samples for bending tests and tensile tests, and the shapes in the form of toothed wheels.
Źródło:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems; 2012, 6, 2; 51-54
1897-8649
2080-2145
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Automation Mobile Robotics and Intelligent Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers in today’s world
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Kalita, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386217.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
damper
magnetorheological fluid
magnetorheological elastomer
smart material
shock absorber
application
Opis:
This paper explains the role of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers in today’s world. A review of applications of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers in devices and machines is presented. Magnetorheological fluids and elastomers belong to the smart materials family. Properties of magnetorheological fluids and elastomers can be controlled by a magnetic field. Compared with magnetorheological fluids, magnetorheological elastomers overcome the problems accompanying applications of MR fluids, such as sedimentation, sealing issues and environmental contamination. Magnetorheological fluids and elastomers, due to their ability of dampening vibrations in the presence of a controlled magnetic field, have great potential present and future applications in transport. Magnetorheological fluids are used e.g. dampers, shock absorbers, clutches and brakes. Magnetorheological dampers and magnetorheological shock absorbers are applied e.g. in damping control, in the operation of buildings and bridges, as well as in damping of high-tension wires. In the automotive industry, new solutions involving magnetorheological elastomer are increasingly patented e.g. adaptive system of energy absorption, system of magnetically dissociable [hooks/detents/grips], an vibration reduction system of the car’s drive shaft. The application of magnetorheological elastomer in the aviation structure is presented as well.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2017, 11, 4; 267-274
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metrological Analysis Of Microsoft Kinect In The Context Of Object Localization
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Machura, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Kinect motion sensor
localization
camera calibration
measurement precision
robustness
Opis:
This paper presents a comprehensive metrological analysis of the Microsoft Kinect motion sensor performed using a proprietary flat marker. The designed marker was used to estimate its position in the external coordinate system associated with the sensor. The study includes calibration of the RGB and IR cameras, parameter identification and image registration. The metrological analysis is based on the data corrected for sensor optical distortions. From the metrological point of view, localization errors are related to the distance of an object from the sensor. Therefore, the rotation angles were determined and an accuracy assessment of the depth maps was performed. The analysis was carried out for the distances from the marker in the range of 0.8-1.65 m. The maximum average error was equal to 23 mm for the distance of 1.6 m.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2015, 22, 4; 469-478
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acoustic analysis assessment in speech pathology detection
Autorzy:
Panek, D.
Skalski, A.
Gajda, J.
Tadeusiewicz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/329710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
linear PCA
nonlinear PCA
autoassociative neural network
validation
voice pathology detection
Opis:
Automatic detection of voice pathologies enables non-invasive, low cost and objective assessments of the presence of disorders, as well as accelerating and improving the process of diagnosis and clinical treatment given to patients. In this work, a vector made up of 28 acoustic parameters is evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA), kernel principal component analysis (kPCA) and an auto-associative neural network (NLPCA) in four kinds of pathology detection (hyperfunctional dysphonia, functional dysphonia, laryngitis, vocal cord paralysis) using the a, i and u vowels, spoken at a high, low and normal pitch. The results indicate that the kPCA and NLPCA methods can be considered a step towards pathology detection of the vocal folds. The results show that such an approach provides acceptable results for this purpose, with the best efficiency levels of around 100%. The study brings the most commonly used approaches to speech signal processing together and leads to a comparison of the machine learning methods determining the health status of the patient.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2015, 25, 3; 631-643
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kidney Segmentation in CT Data Using Hybrid Level-Set Method with Ellipsoidal Shape Constraints
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Heryan, K.
Jakubowski, J.
Drewniak, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221728.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Level Set method
kidney
CT data
image segmentation
ellipsoid
Opis:
With development of medical diagnostic and imaging techniques the sparing surgeries are facilitated. Renal cancer is one of examples. In order to minimize the amount of healthy kidney removed during the treatment procedure, it is essential to design a system that provides three-dimensional visualization prior to the surgery. The information about location of crucial structures (e.g. kidney, renal ureter and arteries) and their mutual spatial arrangement should be delivered to the operator. The introduction of such a system meets both the requirements and expectations of oncological surgeons. In this paper, we present one of the most important steps towards building such a system: a new approach to kidney segmentation from Computed Tomography data. The segmentation is based on the Active Contour Method using the Level Set (LS) framework. During the segmentation process the energy functional describing an image is the subject to minimize. The functional proposed in this paper consists of four terms. In contrast to the original approach containing solely the region and boundary terms, the ellipsoidal shape constraint was also introduced. This additional limitation imposed on evolution of the function prevents from leakage to undesired regions. The proposed methodology was tested on 10 Computed Tomography scans from patients diagnosed with renal cancer. The database contained the results of studies performed in several medical centers and on different devices. The average effectiveness of the proposed solution regarding the Dice Coefficient and average Hausdorff distance was equal to 0.862 and 2.37 mm, respectively. Both the qualitative and quantitative evaluations confirm effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2017, 24, 1; 101-112
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Applications of metallic composites in the automotive industry and their machining by the EDM
Autorzy:
Bialo, D.
Peronczyk, J.
Skalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950159.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
aluminium matrix composites
automotive industry
electro discharge machining
EDM productivity
surface roughness
Opis:
The article deals with the problems of application of aluminium matrix composites in car industry and electro discharge machining (EDM) of selected composites, which are used for engine pistons. Composites with Al+20%Si+3%Cu+1%Mg matrix were manufacturing by the powder metallurgy route in the process of cold compaction, degassing and hot extrusion. As the reinforcing phase Al2O3 particles with average size of 3, 9, 23 and 53 μm were used. Samples had constant reinforcing phase 5 and 10 % by volume. Electro discharge machining was performed using machine equipped with RLC generator. Four modes of energy of single discharge Ei in the range of 0.165 to 2.268 mJ were applied. EDM was carried out in a free – system. The main parameters determined after machining were volumetric productivity Vw (mm3 /min) and roughness of the machined surface expressed as Ra. It was shown that energy of single discharge influence mainly on the EDM process running. The higher was Ei, the higher were value of Vw. Increasing particle granularity from 3 to 53 μm caused decreasing in process productivity 13 to 19%. Ei affects the surface roughness during EDM. The value of Ra increases as this energy increases. When the size of reinforcing particles is growing, roughness parameter Ra is also growing.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 1; 15-23
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Automatic Extraction of the Pelvicalyceal System for Preoperative Planning of Minimally Invasive Procedures
Autorzy:
Heryan, K.
Skalski, A.
Jakubowski, J.
Drewniak, T.
Gajda, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220364.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
pelvicalyceal system segmentation
kidney segmentation
kidney compartments
Computed Tomography (CT)
kidney cancer
Opis:
Minimally invasive procedures for the kidney tumour removal require a 3D visualization of topological relations between kidney, cancer, the pelvicalyceal system and the renal vascular tree. In this paper, a novel methodology of the pelvicalyceal system segmentation is presented. It consists of four following steps: ROI designation, automatic threshold calculation for binarization (approximation of the histogram image data with three exponential functions), automatic extraction of the pelvicalyceal system parts and segmentation by the Locally Adaptive Region Growing algorithm. The proposed method was applied successfully on the Computed Tomography database consisting of 48 kidneys both healthy and cancer affected. The quantitative evaluation (comparison to manual segmentation) and visual assessment proved its effectiveness. The Dice Coefficient of Similarity is equal to 0.871 ± 0.060 and the average Hausdorff distance 0.46 ± 0.36 mm. Additionally, to provide a reliable assessment of the proposed method, it was compared with three other methods. The proposed method is robust regardless of the image acquisition mode, spatial resolution and range of image values. The same framework may be applied to further medical applications beyond preoperative planning for partial nephrectomy enabling to visually assess and to measure the pelvicalyceal system by medical doctors.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2017, 24, 1; 3-18
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aplikacja wspierająca proces konturowania organów w danych medycznych
A software application supporting segmentation process for medical data
Autorzy:
Flis, E.
Socha, M.
Skalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
aplikacja
segmentacja
deformowalne modele
tomografia komputerowa DICOM
DICOM RT
software
segmentation
deformable models
CT
DICOM
Opis:
Ze względu na coraz częstsze wykorzystanie danych obrazowych w medycynie, a bardzo często wiążąca się z tym konieczność wykonywania obrysów struktur anatomicznych pojawiła się potrzeba tworzenia aplikacji skracających i ułatwiających ten proces. W artykule przedstawiono aplikację wspierającą ten proces. Aplikacja umożliwia automatyczną segmentację struktur, korekcję wyników przez użytkownika, dokonywanie pomiarów jak i obsługę typowego formatu zapisu danych DICOM.
New and accessible imaging methods, ranging from Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to Positron Emission Tomography (PET) allow medical doctors to obtain non-invasively potentially life-saving information about patient condition and body. This information is usually used to improve diagnostic accuracy and give more information during treatment. However, the purpose of recent medical imaging is not only to obtain simple visualization and insight into human anatomic structures, but also as a powerful tool for CAD, radiotherapies, surgical operation planning and simulation. This is exactly the field where image segmentation methods can play a key role. In this work, a cross-platform application software equipped with an algorithm for segmentation of anatomical structures (region growing and deformable models), manual contouring and medical data visualization was developed. Results from the region growing algorithm can be a final outcome with or without user's corrections or can be a transform to the initial surface for deformable models technique. The software application was written in C++ language with Qt, VTK, ITK and GDCM toolkits [13-16]. Graphic User Interface is shown in Fig. 1. The application works with medical data in DICOM [2] and DICOM RT [3] standard. The exemplary segmentation results are presented in Figs. 3 and 4.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2012, R. 58, nr 4, 4; 323-326
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Algorytm wyznaczania ścieżki nawigacyjnej do automatycznego ruchu wirtualnej kamery w strukturach anatomicznych
Algorithm of centre path tracing for virtual camera automatic movement in anatomical structure
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Socha, M.
Duplaga, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/158226.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
ścieżka centralna
wirtualna kolonoskopia
CT
centre path
virtual colonoscopy
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono nowy algorytm wyznaczania centralnej ścieżki nawigacyjnej w trójwymiarowych danych pochodzących z tomografii komputerowej. Algorytm wykorzystuje transformacje odległości, iteracyjny schemat przetwarzania charakterystycznych punktów ścieżki oraz interpolację metodą cubic spline do wyznaczeni gładkiej przestrzennej krzywej nawigacyjnej. Wygenerowanie ścieżki pozwala lekarzowi na łatwe przeglądanie przestrzennego komputerowego modelu struktur anatomicznych, takich jak drzewo oskrzelowe (wirtualna bronchoskopia) czy jelito grube (wirtualna kolonoskopia), a dzięki temu poszerza możliwości diagnostyczne lekarza. W artykule szczegółowo zaprezentowano algorytm przetwarzania danych prowadzący do wyznaczenia ścieżki oraz wyniki działania prezentowanych algorytmów w zastosowaniu do wirtualnej kolonoskopii.
The paper presents a new algorithm of centre path computing of CT data. The algorithm uses distance transformation,characteristic points interaction processing and cubic spline interpolation. The centre path defining allows for easily determination of three-dimensional model of anatomical structures that might be viewed by physician. The described method is a novel approach at enhancing diagnostic capabilities of - for example - bronchial tree (v.b. - virtual bronchoscopy) or colon (v.c. - virtual colonoscopy). The authors present detailed process of practical application of given algorithm, focusing upon v.c.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 9 bis, 9 bis; 421-424
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hybrydowy algorytm korekcji "w ciemno" dla torów pomiarowych niskiego rzędu
Hybrid algorithm of the "blind correction" for the low order transducers
Autorzy:
Nabielec, J.
Jamróz, P.
Skalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320381.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
błąd dynamiczny
przetwornik I rzędu
autoidentyfikacja
korekcja
dynamic error
I-order transducer
self-identification
blind correction
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono strukturę systemu pomiarowego oraz trzy metody autoidentyfikacji właściwości dynamicznych przetworników pomiarowych I rzędu. Podstawową cechą korekcji " w ciemno" jest to, że identyfikacja przeprowadzana jest w miejscu pracy przetwornika przy wykorzystaniu tylko mierzonego sygnału. Pierwsza metoda identyfikacji selekcjonuje uzyskane próbki rejestrowanych sygnałów pod kątem najkorzystniejszego uwarunkowania numerycznego zalgebraizowanego równania różniczkowego. Rozwiązanie tak utworzonego układu równań algebraicznych obarczone jest najmniejszym błędem numerycznym. Druga metoda wykorzystuje rozkład QR jako wariant procedury LSQ do rozwiązania nadokreśłonego układu równań algebraicznych i uwzględnia wszystkie zarejestrowane próbki sygnałów. Trzecia metoda - hybrydowa - łączy zalety obu poprzednich, wstępnie wybierając fragmenty sygnałów, istotne z punktu widzenia identyfikacji, które z kolei wykorzystywane są przez procedurę LSQ. Dzięki temu zmniejszony zostaje rozmiar zadania, co łagodzi wymagania sprzętowe implementacji tej metody oraz zwiększa odporność systemu pomiarowego na oddziaływanie zakłóceń. Szeregowe korektory o parametrach dobieranych na podstawie wyników autoidentyfikacji są realizowane na drodze programowej. Efekty działania prezentowanych metod korekcji zilustrowano wybranymi przykładami uzyskanymi na drodze symulacji.
A structure of the measuring system destined for the "blind" correction of the dynamic error has been shown in the article. Dynamic properties of the measuring system are self-identified, based on time-varying signals, using solely the measured signal at the system operating site. Three self-identification methods of the dynamic characteristic of the I-order system sensors have been described. The first method selects such samples of the transducer output signals that generate a set of the linear equations of the best condition number. This minimizes numerical errors of the equations solution. The second method uses the QR orthogonal-triangular decomposition and LSQ procedures to solve the overdetermined set of the linear equations. This linear equations are created for each sample moment. The third one called "the hybrid algorithm " involves positive features of the two farmer methods. Firstly, a subset of samples is chosen that is significant for the identification. Secondly the set of equations is solved using QR and LSQ procedures. Due to these steps, the size of the numerical task is considerably reduced. The hardware requirements are reduced by this method and the robustness of the noise is increased in comparison to LSQ procedure. The software serial corrector uses results of the self-identification. Some simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of these methods.
Źródło:
Elektrotechnika i Elektronika; 2005, 24, 2; 165-171
1640-7202
Pojawia się w:
Elektrotechnika i Elektronika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelowanie struktur anatomicznych dla potrzeb planowania leczenia w procesie radioterapii nowotworu prostaty
Anatomical structure modelling for treatment planning in prostate cancer radiotherapy process
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
CT
modelowanie struktur anatomicznych
segmentacja
radioterapia
prostata
dopasowanie obrazów
anatomical structure modelling
segmentation
radiotherapy
prostate
image registration
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono problematykę modelowania struktur anatomicznych zobrazowanych w danych tomograficznych na przykładzie pacjentów z nowotworem prostaty. Modele wiedzy a priori umożliwiają znaczące zwiększenie skuteczności segmentacji dla potrzeb planowania leczenia radioterapeutycznego pacjentów z chorobą nowotworową. Opisane i przebadane metody wykorzystywały informację o położeniu pacjenta zapisaną w formacie DICOM, transformację afiniczną oraz jednoczesne deformowalne dopasowanie wielu obrazów wykorzystujące funkcję B-sklejane. Metodologia została przetestowana na rzeczywistych danych tomograficznych. Otrzymane wyniki potwierdzają skuteczność zaprezentowanego rozwiązania z wykorzystaniem połączenia globalnej transformacji i deformowalnego modelowania.
In developed countries, prostate cancer is one of the most often tumors in male population. Radiotherapy is a very important treatment in prostate cancer therapy. The most important, difficult and time-consuming part of radiation therapy planning is precise, manual anatomical organ delineation by medical doctors. For this reason development of special, fast, data-robust, automatic or semi-automatic CT data segmentation methods is a crucial and challenging research topic in image-guided radiother-apy. In a solution of this kind a priori knowledge of segmentation algo-rithms can improve the effectiveness considerably. In the paper there is proposed a method for construction of a geometrical and value model of anatomical structures for prostate, bladder, femoral heads and rectum from the CT data making use of groupwise registration. A short state of the art of model building (Section 2) for medical images is shown. The main idea of the described method is average 3D image creation from training images using combination of an affine transform and B-Spline Free Form Deformation in the groupwise framework [17]. As a result, the algorithm provides 3D deformation fields which can be used for mapping manual outlines of anatomical structures connected to training data made by a medical doctor. The model was built using CT data of real patients with prostate cancer. Exemplary results are shown in Fig. 3. This kind of model can be used as a priori knowledge in segmentation algorithms like deformable models or level sets. The proposed solution was compared with the affine transform and mapping based on the patient position provided with CT images in DICOM format (Section 3) in a qualitative (Fig. 1) and quantitative (Tab. 1) way. The obtained results are presented and discussed in the paper.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2012, R. 58, nr 4, 4; 372-375
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aplikacja do projektowania indywidualnego narzędzia prowadzącego do kapoplastyki stawu biodrowego
An application for design of individual guiding tool for hip resurfacing
Autorzy:
Żołądź, M.
Skalski, A.
Śmigielski, A.
Socha, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/156765.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
alloplastyka stawu biodrowego
tomografia komputerowa
przetwarzanie obrazów
szybkie wykonywanie prototypów
hip resurfacing
computed tomography
image processing
rapid prototyping
Opis:
Alloplastyka stawu biodrowego jest jedną z poważniejszych operacji ortopedycznych wykonywanych przy zmianach zwyrodnieniowych stawu biodrowego. Jedną z jej wersji jest kapoplastyka, która polega na wymianie części głowy kości udowej oraz panewki stawu biodrowego. Od prawidłowego przeprowadzenia operacji zależy czas dochodzenia pacjenta do zdrowia jak i komfort późniejszego życia. Postęp w tomografii komputerowej, komputerowych metodach obróbki obrazu oraz metodach szybkiego prototypowania umożliwił wytwarzanie indywidualnych (dopasowanych do konkretnego pacjenta) narzędzi wspomagających chirurga podczas operacji. W artykule omówiona zostanie procedura wytwarzania indywidualnego narzędzia prowadzącego do operacji kapoplastyki.
Hip replacement is one of the major orthopedic surgery, performed with osteoarthritis of the hip. One of the versions is hip resurfacing, which involves replacing a part of femoral head and the acetabulum. The time of patient recovery and comfortable later life depends on a proper conduct of the surgery. Progress in the computed tomography, computerized methods of image processing and rapid prototyping, enabled the production of the individual (tailored to individual patient) tools to assist a surgeon during the operation. This paper presents an application for design of an individual guid-ing tool for hip resurfacing. The first volumetric model based on a series of TC is created. It is made with using the thresholding method combined with simple morphological operations (erosion, dilatation). The key issue is to separate the femur model from the pelvis one. It is carried out with the software user assistance. The final step of bone model creation is conversion of the volumetric model to the polygonal mesh model. It is performed with the marching cubes algorithm. To avoid the quantization artifacts related to finite resolutions of the volumetric model and to reproduce the bone shape as accurately as possible, smoothing with a Gaussian filter is applied to the volumetric model before application of the marching cubes algorithm. A software module directly related to the Guider design allows the user to manually adjust the position of the key Guider elements. Positioning of the auxiliary elements of the Guider is automatically made. The output of the presented module is a set of polygonal mesh models corresponding to the Guider components. The final stage of the Guider creation process is assembling the Guider solid by using Boolean operations.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2013, R. 59, nr 3, 3; 223-226
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza kształtu struktur anatomicznych jamy brzusznej dla potrzeb radioterapii nowotworu prostaty
Shape analysis of abdominal structures for prostate radiotherapy process
Autorzy:
Skalski, A.
Łągwa, J.
Kędzierawski, P.
Kukołowicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/156980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
segmentacja
radioterapia
nowotwór prostaty
model organu
tomografia komputerowa
analiza obrazów
image segmentation
radiotherapy
prostate cancer
organ model
CT
image analysis
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono algorytmy opisu kształtu, które mogą zostać wykorzystane do budowy wiedzy a priori, o którą można wzbogacić metody segmentacji danych medycznych. Opisana metodologia została wykorzystana do analizy kształtu struktur anatomicznych okolicy miednicy. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwoliła sprawdzić zmienność geometrii struktur anatomicznych istotnych z punktu widzenia radioterapii nowotworu prostaty, Zmienność kształtu organów oceniono zarówno: pomiędzy osobami w populacji chorych z nowotworem gruczołu krokowego jak i zmienność tych kształtów podczas procesu radioterapeutycznego u pacjenta.
Prostate cancer is one of most frequently diagnosed cancer diseases among men population, especially in Europe and the USA. The number of fatal cases is also significant. It leads to many attempts to improve processes of the cancer diagnosis and therapy. One of most promising methods of treatment is radiation therapy. However, its proper planning requires contouring of every important structure on every slice obtained from the imaging equipment (in example a CT scanner), which is time-consuming for medical staff. To solve this problem, many efforts are made to construct algorithms of automatic segmentation of organs in 3D data. To provide the expected efficiency of such methods, a base of a priori knowledge about organs to be delineated is desired. In this paper we present shape description algorithms which could be used to collect the a priori knowledge, potentially able to improve the medical data segmentation methods. The described methodology was used in shape analysis of pelvic region structures, important for planning the prostate cancer radiation therapy, which included: GTV (Gross Tumor Volume), rectum, bladder and femoral heads. In this paper 5 different algorithms are presented. The first proposed method describes the shape of the analyzed organ with parameters (semi-axis lengths) of minimum-volume ellipsoid circumscribed on the structure. The other algorithms provide the information about the shape of the analyzedstructure as a distribution of chosen geometric quantity values (such as distance) between the groups of points randomly selected on its surface. The proposed algorithms were tested on the organ models reconstructed from the structures contoured on the images obtained from CT. As a result of the performed analysis, geometrical variability of the considered structures were specified. Variability of shapes of the analyzed organs was examined for the patients from the population group of men with diagnosed prostate cancer as well as for the single patient cases during radiation therapy.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2013, R. 59, nr 3, 3; 254-257
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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