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Tytuł:
New statistical atlases of voivodships and Poland
Autorzy:
Zych, M.
Medolińska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
atlases
statistical maps
thematic maps
Opis:
In 2018, 100 years had passed since the Central Statistical Office of Poland (since 2017: Statistics Poland – GUS) was established. This anniversary was considered an opportunity for preparation of a series of cartographic publications, i.e. 16 statistical atlases of Polish voivodships (first order administrative units) and the Statistical atlas of Poland. Publication of such a series of atlases is a new undertaking in the history of Polish statistics – it involved both the employees of the head office of Statistics Poland in Warsaw and the staff of statistical offices in 16 voivodships. Until 2018 Polish public statistics did not have many such publications. The first atlas publication of Central Statistical Office was Republic of Poland – statistical atlas released in 1930. The next Statistical atlas, covering all of Poland, was published only in 1970. Subsequent statistical atlases were published over 30 years later – the atlases of five voivodships, published in 2006−2016, and the Demographic atlas of Poland published in 2017. Atlases for individual voivodships were prepared by the relevant regional statistical offices. The project was managed by the head office of Statistics Poland which prepared the guidelines and provided technical and substantive supervision. Due to different sizes of voivodships, the atlases were prepared in scales from 1:900,000 (Opolskie and Świętokrzyskie Voivodships) to 1:1,500,000 (Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie Voivodships). A standard page contains a map of a voivodship divided into communes (gminas) or counties (powiats) and a map of Poland at the scale of 1:9,500,000 divided into voivodships. The number of pages of the voivodship atlas is 104 with 165 maps: 76 maps of voivodships, 76 maps of Poland, one administrative map of Poland at the scale of 1:3,800,000 and 12 maps of the European Union or Europe at the scale of 1:21,500,000. The Statistical atlas of Poland was published in early July 2018. It consists of 216 pages, with 281 maps (full-page maps of Poland at the scale of 1:3,800,000, quarter-page maps of Poland at the scale of 1:9,000,000, full-page maps of Europe or the European Union at the scale of 1:21,500,000, and half-page world maps at the scale of 1:200,000,000) and 175 charts/graphs. Maps made by using quantitative cartographic presentation methods predominate in the atlas – choropleth and diagram methods are used most frequently (they are observed on 263 maps). Statistical atlases of voivodships and the Statistical atlas of Poland count 1888 pages in total with 2934 maps, on which the development of the country is presented in relation to regional and local conditions. All atlases are bilingual, Polish-English. Publications printing was co-financed from EU funds within the Operational Programme Technical Assistance 2014–2020. Atlases are also available free of charge in the PDF format on the website of Statistics Poland: https://stat.gov.pl/statystyka-regionalna/publikacje-regionalne/podreczniki-atlasy/atlasy/.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2018, 50, 4; 183-196
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tourist maps - definition, types and contents
Autorzy:
Jancewicz, K.
Borowicz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
tourism
tourist maps
orientation
navigation maps
Opis:
Tourist maps are one of the most common groups of cartographic documents. Their variety in terms of content, subject matter and publication titles is a result of growing popularity of diverse forms of tourism activity. The aim of the authors of this article is to demonstrate issues related to tourist maps, including their variety in relation to contemporary forms of tourism. As tourist maps are constantly developing, the authors decided to propose a classification of tourist maps which is adequate from the point of view of the types of maps we currently distinguish. Taking into consideration the aim and type of tourism, the maps were divided into the following sub-groups: maps for sightseeing tourism, qualified tourism, and other tourism, as well as tourist city maps, and maps prepared for promotion and advertising of tourism. The first there categories were further divided into more detailed sub-categories and each of them was described briefly in terms of its content. The classification of maps based on their scales and form of content presentation was also included. The authors attempted also to define the concept of “tourist map” itself. The authors defined it as a geographic representation of an area presented on a plane, in accordance with specific mathematical rules, which should include topographic contents, information about tourist attractions of a given area, its tourist and complementary infrastructure, presented with the help of conventional signs, in a matter appropriate for the scale of the map and its intended use. Contributing to the discussion on the place of tourist map in the general classification of maps, the article distinguishes not only general-geographic maps and thematic maps, but also orientation and navigation maps. This terms covered tourist maps, road maps, and navigation maps: sailing, sea, aerial and city maps. They consist a group of maps in which the functions they play determine their informational content and their form of cartographic presentation. However, unlike on thematic maps, where the general geographic content is merely a background for presentation of the theme-related phenomena, the geographic content is essential in case of tourist maps. It is precisely the general geographic content which is primarily responsible for communicating information which is meant to be used for orientation and navigation purposes.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2017, 49, 1; 27-41
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Carte-á-figure” maps of Poland: dates, states, and provenances
Autorzy:
Paprotny, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92578.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
carte-á-figure maps
maps
Polska
Opis:
After short introduction to carte-á-figure genre of maps discussed are three maps of Poland belonging to this category: the first state of Hondius’ Nova POLONIAE delineatio”, Visscher’s “Haec Tabula nova POLONIAE et SILESIAE, and Speed’s A NEWE MAPE OF POLAND. For the origin of the Hondius’ map a more precise range of dates is proposed. Question of the Visscher map’s order of states is clarified, supported by evidence from the author’s research. Finally, line of reasoning is presented and arguments quoted disproving widely held belief in priority of the Speed’s map over the Visscher’s. Also, dissimilarities between images of Silesia on Hondius’ and Visscher’s maps together with possible reasons of these are considered.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2019, 51, 1; 39-46
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Topological entropy of nonautonomous piecewise monotone dynamical systems on the interval
Autorzy:
Kolyada, Sergiĭ
Misiurewicz, Michał
Snoha, L’ubomír
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1205245.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
nonautonomous dynamical system
topological entropy
triangular maps
piecewise monotone maps
$C^∞$ maps
Opis:
The topological entropy of a nonautonomous dynamical system given by a sequence of compact metric spaces $(X_i)^∞_{i = 1}$ and a sequence of continuous maps $(f_i)^∞_{i = 1}$, $f_i : X_i → X_{i+1}$, is defined. If all the spaces are compact real intervals and all the maps are piecewise monotone then, under some additional assumptions, a formula for the entropy of the system is obtained in terms of the number of pieces of monotonicity of $f_n ○... ○ f_2 ○ f_1$. As an application we construct a large class of smooth triangular maps of the square of type $2^∞$ and positive topological entropy.
Źródło:
Fundamenta Mathematicae; 1999, 160, 2; 161-181
0016-2736
Pojawia się w:
Fundamenta Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Participatory mapping in community participation – case study of Jeseník, Czech Republic
Autorzy:
Pánek, Jiří
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051505.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-10-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
emotional maps
crowdsourcing
geoparticipation
online maps
community participation
Opis:
Community participation has entered the 21st century and the era of e-participation, e-government and e-planning. With the opportunity to use Public Participation Support Systems, Computer-Aided Web Interviews and crowdsourcing mapping platforms, citizens are equipped with the tools to have their voices heard. This paper presents a case study of the deployment of such an online mapping platform in Jeseník, Czech Republic. In total, 533 respondents took part in the online mapping survey, which included six spatial questions. Respondents marked 4,714 points and added 1,538 comments to these points. The main aim of the research was to find whether there were any significant differences in the answers from selected groups (age, gender, home location) of respondents. The results show largest differences in answers of various (below 20 and above 20 year) age groups. Nevertheless further statistical examination would be needed to confirm the visual comparison.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2018, 37, 3; 151-162
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Usage of the Atlas of Silesia from 1752 in European cartographic publications
Autorzy:
Wytyczak, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92518.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
old maps of Silesia
situational contents of maps
relief presentation on maps
18th century
Opis:
The author discusses adaptations of maps from the Atlas of Silesia published by European cartographers in more important atlases and multi-sheet maps from the second half of the 18th and early 19th century. Thanks to such adaptations the cartographic image of Silesia could be observed far beyond its borders. Its quality varied, however, both in planimetric contents and in relief. While situation was mostly represented rather correctly in relation to the maps from the Atlas of Silesia, presentation of orography largely differed from the original as well as from its real character. Even application of three methods of relief presentation on a single map did not bring on proper results, mainly due to the fact that the authors of adaptations did not know Silesia.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2018, 50, 1; 47-56
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Progressive evolution of designing internet maps on the example of Google Maps
Autorzy:
Horbiński, Tymoteusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/145603.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mapa internetowa
mapa interaktywna
kartografia
progressive evolution of designing internet maps
internet maps
Google Maps
Opis:
In this article the author follows progressive evolution in web design that has been observed in Google Maps over the last 13 years (2005–2018). The analysis includes the graphic presentation of buttons, their layout and the changes in the functionality of the website. The results of the analysis corroborate the argument that it is possible to adept the existing concept of progressive evolution, to the needs of Internet cartography. In the process of the analysis several crucial changes were spotted, such as the fact that as a result of the technological advancement the need to scroll the map with up, down, left and down buttons disappeared, being supplanted by the dragging function. In article all the discussed changes in Google Maps as an application for desktop computers and laptops, as well as a mobile application, prove that the product has been constantly improved. In the author’s opinion, the crucial aspect is to enrich the web map in the non-invasive way to make it as user-friendly and easy to use as possible. The synthetic juxtaposition allowed one to highlight the evolution, considered by the author an important feature of the non-invasive way of introducing changes. The author notes that progressive evolution on Google Maps and other internet maps will continue. It is important that the user’s needs are noticed during these changes.
Źródło:
Geodesy and Cartography; 2019, 68, 1; 177-190
2080-6736
2300-2581
Pojawia się w:
Geodesy and Cartography
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using diferent mapping techniques and GIS programs in the analysis and visualisation of mental maps
Autorzy:
Szombara, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044554.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-02-14
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
mental maps
mapping techniques
Opis:
The paper presents the review of mapping techniques applied in research using mental maps. The review covers both evaluative and structural mapping. The choice of a method is influenced by the level of freedom given to the respondents while creating sketch maps. It is also highly aefcted by the area of a given region, scale used in the research and limitations of mapping techniques in GIS software. For large scale maps created in GIS software, it is possible to use quantitative methods, i.e. proportional symbol maps or quantitative signature symbols. Using multiple complementary mapping techniques allows to draw the most comprehensive conclusions in the analyses of perception of a given space in the society.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2021, 53; 91-104
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
DYNAMIC CLASSIFICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC POINTS ON GOOGLE MAPS
Autorzy:
Dudek, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/655939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Cluster analysis
Google maps
Opis:
Classification of geographical points on Google maps is an interesting example of the use of cluster analysis algorithm in which the final number of clusters is obtained not only by presuppositions and the algorithm used, but also by the scale, on which map is actually displayed. The ultimate goal of classification is not only to obtain relatively homogeneous clusters, but also to prevent the phenomenon of "blurring" partitions on the map. In the paper there is proposed an algorithm that automatically creates a hierarchical structure of classes (which differs, however, from the structures obtained by the hierarchical agglomerative methods), in such way that the final classification takes into account the enlargement in which the map is displayed. The aim of article is illustrated with real examples on Google maps using JavaScript / JQuery.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2014, 3, 302
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effectiveness of cartographic presentation methods applied within small-scale thematic maps in the press and on the Internet
Autorzy:
Korycka-Skorupa, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92422.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
cartographic presentation
effectiveness
readability of map
Internet maps
press maps
map graphic
Opis:
The author discuss effectiveness of cartographic presentations. The article includes opinions of cartographers regarding effectiveness, readability and efficiency of a map. It reminds the principles of map graphic design in order to verify them using examples of small-scale thematic maps. The following questions have been asked: Is the map effective? Why is the map effective? How do cartographic presentation methods affect effectiveness of the cartographic message? What else can influence effectiveness of a map? Each graphic presentation should be effective, as its purpose is to complete written word, draw the recipients’ attention, make text more readable, expose the most important information. Such a significant role of graphics results in the fact that graphic presentations (maps, diagrams) require proper preparation. Users need to have a chance to understand the graphics language in order to draw correct conclusions about the presented phenomenon. Graphics should demonstrate the most important elements, some tendencies, and directions of changes. It should generalize and present a given subject from a slightly different perspective. There are numerous examples of well-edited and poorly edited small-scale thematic maps. They include maps, which are impossible to interpret correctly. They are burdened with methodological defects and they cannot fulfill their task. Cartography practice indicates that the principles related to graphic design of cartographic presentation are frequently omitted during the process of developing small-scale thematic maps used – among others – in the press and on the Internet. The purpose of such presentations is to quickly interpret them. On such maps editors’ problems with the selection of an appropriate symbol and graphic variable (fig. 1A, 9B) are visible. Sometimes they use symbols which are not sufficiently distinguishable nor demonstrative (fig. 11), it does not increase their readability. Sometime authors try too hard to reflect presented phenomenon and therefore the map becomes more difficult to interpret (fig. 4A,B). The lack of graphic sense resulting in the lack of graphic balance and aesthetics constitutes a weak point of numerous cartographic presentations (fig. 13). Effectiveness of cartographic presentations consists of knowledge and skills of the map editor, as well as the recipients’ perception capabilities and their readiness to read and interpret maps. The qualifications of the map editor should include methodological qualifications supported by the knowledge of the principles for cartographic symbol design, as well as relevant technical qualifications, which allow to properly use the tools to edit a map. Maps facilitate the understanding of texts they accompany and they present relationships between phenomenon better than texts, appealing to the senses.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2015, 47, 1; 5-17
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of measurement points choice in preparation of green areas acoustic map
Optymalizacja wyboru punktów pomiarowych w opracowaniu map akustycznych terenów zielonych
Autorzy:
Sztubecka, M.
Bujarkiewicz, A.
Sztubecki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/395898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
maps
acoustic maps
noise
green areas
mapa
mapa akustyczna
hałas
tereny zielone
Opis:
The aim of the article is to analyze the selection of measuring points of sustainable sound level in the spa park. A set of points should allow to make on their basis an acoustic climate map for the park at certain times of day by usage available tools. Practical part contains a comparative analysis of developed noise maps, taking into account different variants of the distribution and number of measuring points on the selected area of the park.
Celem artykułu jest analiza wyboru liczby punktów pomiarowych równoważnego poziomu dźwięk na terenie parku zdrojowego. Zbiór punktów powinien zapewniać wykonanie na ich podstawie mapy klimatu akustycznego parku dla określonych pór dnia, przy wykorzystaniu powszechnie dostępnych narzędzi. Część praktyczna zawiera analizę porównawczą opracowanych map hałasu, uwzględniającą różne warianty rozmieszczenia i liczby punktów pomiarowych na wybranym obszarze parku.
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2016, No. 23(4); 137-144
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geometric accuracy of topographical objects at Polish topographic maps
Autorzy:
Ławniczak, R.
Kubiak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/145573.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
analiza kartograficzna
dokładność mapy
mapa topograficzna
cartographic analysis
accuracy of maps
topographical maps
Opis:
The objective of research concerned verifying the accuracy of the location and shape of selected lakes presented on topographical maps from various periods, drawn up on different scales. The area of research covered lakes situated in North-Western Poland on the Międzychód-Sieraków Lakeland. An analysis was performed of vector maps available in both analogue and digital format. The scales of these studies range from 1:50 000 to 1:10 000. The source materials were current for the years 1907 through 2013. The shape and location of lakes have been verified directly by means of field measurements performed using the GPS technology with an accuracy class of RTK. An analysis was performed of the location and shape of five lakes. The analysed water regions were vectorised, and their vector images were used to determine quantitative features: the area and length of the shoreline. Information concerning the analysed lakes obtained from the maps was verified on the basis of direct field measurements performed using a GPS RTK receiver. Use was made of georeferential corrections provided by the NAVGEO service or a virtual reference station generated by the ASG EUPOS system. A compilation of cartographic and field data formed the basis for a comparison of the actual area and the length of the shoreline of the studied lakes. Cartographic analyses made it possible to single out the most reliable cartographic sources, which could be used for the purposes of hydrographical analyses. The course of shorelines shows the attached map.
Źródło:
Geodesy and Cartography; 2016, 65, 1; 55-66
2080-6736
2300-2581
Pojawia się w:
Geodesy and Cartography
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regular analytic transformations of $ℝ^2$
Autorzy:
Gubeladze, Joseph
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1207913.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
injectivity
regular analytic maps
Jacobian
Opis:
Existence of loops for non-injective regular analytic transformations of the real plane is shown. As an application, a criterion for injectivity of a regular analytic transformation of $ℝ^2$ in terms of the Jacobian and the first and second order partial derivatives is obtained. This criterion is new even in the special case of polynomial transformations.
Źródło:
Annales Polonici Mathematici; 2000, 75, 2; 99-109
0066-2216
Pojawia się w:
Annales Polonici Mathematici
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geological cartography in Poland in the 19th century
Autorzy:
Wołkowicz, S.
Wołkowicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060062.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Polska
historical maps
geological cartography
Opis:
The history of modern geological mapping in Poland began with the Carta Geologica totius Poloniae, Moldaviae, Transylvaniae, Hungariae et Valachiae by S. Staszic, often called the “father of Polish geology”. Before Staszic, a general map of Poland had been published by J.-E. Guettard (1764a); ones of the Sudety Mts. by J. Jirasek (1791), L. von Buch (1797), and Raumer (1813); and that of the Tatra Mts. by Hacquet (1796). In times of the partition of Poland (1772 to 1918), areas annexed by Prussia were covered by systematic geological surveys. These cartographic projects resulted in the compilation of two geological atlases comprising maps of the standard sheet type, in the period from 1826 to 1836. These atlases were compiled by teams of outstanding geologists, under the leadership of L. von Buch and F. Hoffmann. Another outstanding contribution to the geology of Poland was made by G.G. Pusch, the author of the excellent Geognostische Beschreibung von Polen (1833–1836), subsequently supplemented by Geognostyscher Atlas von Polen. One of the greatest achievements of L. Zejszner was the geological map of the Tatra Mts., Carte de la chaine du Tatra, published anonymously in Berlin in 1844, and a series of geological maps prepared as drafts of Geognostic maps of the Eastern District of the Polish Kingdom. Special attention should be also paid to two extensive studies which covered areas of Upper and Lower Silesia. The first of these, Geognostische Karte von Oberschlesien und den Angrenzenden Gebieten, was completed by a team led by F. Roemer, and published in 1870. The second, Geologische Karte von dem Niederschlesischen Gebirge und den angrezenden gegenden, was compiled by a team led by R. von Carnall, and published in the same year. Out of all the studies carried out by Austrian geologists, it is necessary to mention those of E. Tietze, as they produced excellent geological maps of the Carpathians and vicinities of Kraków and Lviv. It is also worth mentioning the contributions made by the Physiographic Commission, active from 1866 until the beginning of the First World War. Its members decided to prepare the Geological Atlas of Galicia. The final product of works of this commission was a set of 25 booklets, with over a hundred geological maps at a scale 1:75000, issued in the years 1885–1912. From 1881, the commission was also publishing its famous Physiographic Diaries, which include papers on the geology of areas annexed by Russia, written by famous Polish geologists such as J. Siemiradzki, A. Michalski, and E. Habdank-Dunikowski, illustrated with relevant geological maps prepared by them.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2014, 58, 3; 623--658
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
3D modeling and digitalization in heritage
PAVELDO SKAITMENINIMAS IR 3D MODELIAVIMAS
MODELADO Y DIGITALIZACIÓN 3D EN EL PATRIMONIO ARQUITECTÓNICO
MODELOWANIE 3D I DIGITALIZACJA OBIEKTÓW DZIEDZICTWA KULTUROWEGO
Autorzy:
Ruzgienė, Birutė
Kuklienė, Lina
Kuklys, Indrius
Jankauskienė, Dainora
Valiente, Mercedes
Matys, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/2196772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
3D
maps
cartograhpy
Photogrammetry
Opis:
Cartographic products in digital public environment can be seen more than ever before. An interactive map product embedded in many digital cartographic systems become ubiquitous. A map is a visual representation of an entire earth area or a part of an area where 3D space, usually is presented on a horizontal plane/ flat 2D surface. There are several types of surface models: two-dimensional, three-dimensional, four-dimensional, dynamic and even web. The maps show various objects: physical features, roads, topography, population, climate changes, natural resources, economic activities, small architectural monuments, political boundaries, etc.
Źródło:
Future of the city; 79-133
9788367185271
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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