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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Separate regulations on defects in a declaration of intent to enter into marriage, as distinct from general provisions of the Polish Civil Code
    Autorzy:
    Balwicka-Szczyrba, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1595951.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    entry into marriage
    defects in a declaration of intent
    marriage
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to present regulations on defects in a declaration of intent to enter into marriage and compare them with regulations set out in Articles 82-88 PCC with respect to the scope of the individual defects in a declaration of intent and the ways in which the resulting inconsistencies can be justified. The paper uses a method of research based on legal doctrine, involving an analysis of legal provisions, especially those set out in the Polish Family and Guardianship Code, the Polish Civil Code, case law and the literature. Methods based on comparative law and the history of law are used as a secondary measure. The research has shown that a limitation of the catalogue of defects in a declaration of intent as set out in Article 15¹ PFGC and the definition of the scope of the individual defects is justified by the nature of marriage as a lasting relationship. The inconsistencies between these regulations are therefore a deliberate step to implement the principle of permanence of marriage. However, the opinion expressed in this paper is that some of the defects in a declaration of intent to enter into marriage are regulated too narrowly, which is why the debate over amendments to Article 15¹ § 1 PFGC is well worth continuing. Especially relevant here is the de lege ferenda postulate to extend the scope of a defect in a declaration of intent set out in Article 15¹ § 1(1) PFGC
    Źródło:
    Acta Iuris Stetinensis; 2019, 27, 3; 7-22
    2083-4373
    2545-3181
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Iuris Stetinensis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    “The Machines Don’t Lie”: A Study of the Social Production of Mechanization in the Determination of Voter Intent
    Autorzy:
    Chapman, Debra D.
    Eglin, Peter
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106999.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-04-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Ethnomethodology
    Ethnography
    Voter Intent
    Electronic Voting
    Machines
    Mechanization
    Counting
    Practical Reason
    Opis:
    Because election results are the essential measure of the popular will in liberal democracies, accurate determination of voter intent is a necessary pre-requisite since “what [N] does is not simply make a mark on a piece of paper; he [sic] is casting a vote” (Peter Winch). If every vote counts, then every valid vote must be counted – which means seeing the mark on the paper as intentional action. But, electronic voting systems are increasingly used in Canada. Given the operational vagaries of the use of such machines, the paper asks: How is voter intent mechanically achieved as a practical, social accomplishment of the human beings charged with working the machines and counting the votes? The paper then reports a case study of the tallying of ballots in one municipality in a recent Ontario municipal election where the official result between the two top candidates was a difference of one vote. It focuses on the social production of mechanical consistency in the determination of voter intent during the recount process.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2014, 10, 2; 42-59
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Translation strategies in political speeches : a case study of Ukrainian translation of president Joseph R. Biden’s inaugural address
    Autorzy:
    Onyshchak, Halyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933427.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    translation strategy
    inaugural address
    political discourse
    source text
    communicative intent
    target language
    Opis:
    The paper deals with a comprehensive study of translation strategies in English-Ukrainian translation of President Joseph R. Biden’s inaugural address. Political discourse is characterized by its unique features triggering a considerable interest in applied linguistics and translation studies. In brief, political speeches are often delivered by politicians to communicate their messages to the public. They mainly operate as a tool of persuasion, imposing political ideas, beliefs, and practices crucial in constituting a political community. The paper deals with a comprehensive study of translation strategies in English- -Ukrainian translation of President Joseph R. Biden’s inaugural address. Political discourse is characterized by its unique features triggering a considerable interest in applied linguistics and translation studies. In brief, political speeches are often delivered by politicians to communicate their messages to the public. They mainly operate as a tool of persuasion, imposing political ideas, beliefs, and practices crucial in constituting a political community. Translating political speeches can posit serious problems due to their unique features as a special text genre. Appropriate translation methods are needed to ensure a higher quality political speech translation and its adequacy. It has been decided that the best methods for the proposed study were discourse and comparative analyses combined with generalization. The translation techniques employed in the translation of Joseph R. Biden’s inaugural address into Ukrainian include lexical, grammatical, and complex transformations. A comparative analysis of the linguistic means used by both American president and the translator has demonstrated that the source text submitted for translation undergoes interlingual changes to create the text with the same communicative intent in the target language. Syntactic translation transformations are the most dominant ones, followed by lexical and grammatical. Such changes in the translation of the American President’s inaugural address are necessary for better conforming to existing cultural norms and soothing out social, religious, and political differences in English and Ukrainian cultures. Thus, translation is not simply an act of faithful reproduction but, rather, deliberate and conscious creation of secret linguistic and pragmatic codes.
    Źródło:
    Reality of Politics; 2021, 17; 132-144
    2082-3959
    Pojawia się w:
    Reality of Politics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Regulatory impact assessments (Ria) As an input in tax law interpretation: Analysis of the administrative courts verdicts
    Autorzy:
    Gajewski, Dominik
    Joński, Kamil
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28410379.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
    Tematy:
    purpose-oriented interpretation of tax law
    lawmaker’s intent
    regulatory impact assessments
    Opis:
    The goal of this paper is to empirically examine the role of Regulatory Impact Assessments (RIAs) accompanying draft laws submitted by the Council of the Ministers as an input in purpose-oriented interpretation of tax law, carried out by Polish Administrative Courts. To this end, full-text database of the universe of Administrative Courts verdicts (CBOIS) had been queried in order to uncover all court decisions issued from Jan 1st 2001 to Dec 31st 2022 and mentioning RIAs in their written motives. All in all 14 decisions of SAC and 39 decisions of FIACs had been located – the result that can be interpreted as an evidence of scant use of RIA as an input for statutory interpretation of the tax law. Qualitative analysis reported in the paper illustrates what sort of information had been recovered by justices from RIA. Results suggest that potential offered by RIA’s coverage of ‘lawmaker’s intent’ is still not fully utilized in the process of tax law interpretation. However, any reliance on this sort of documents have to be accompanied with critical analysis of their quality and role in lawmaking process. Conditional forecasts (what impact is reasonably expected) should not be mistaken with statements of the intent (what impact is desired). Moreover, perfunctory RIA, prepared as part of window-dressing exercise, not genuine analysis underpinning the decision-making process, could turned out misleading.
    Źródło:
    Financial Law Review; 2022, 28, 4; 33-41
    2299-6834
    Pojawia się w:
    Financial Law Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Algorithmic contracts in the light of selected acts of model contract law
    Umowy algorytmiczne w świetle wybranych aktów modelowego prawa umów
    Autorzy:
    Biczysko-Pudełko, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519283.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-01-16
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Opolski
    Tematy:
    algorithmic contracts
    model law
    declaration of intent
    umowy algorytmiczne
    prawo modelowe
    oświadczenie woli
    Opis:
    Algorithmic contracts are another category of digitally enriched contracts that are increasingly common in commercial practice. Their essence boils down to the determination by an algorithm of the content of the parties’ obligation, whereby the algorithm may act as a ‘negotiator’ or fill in gaps in the content of pre-established contractual terms. The specificity of these contracts has legally significant consequences and raises a number of questions, e.g. whether an algorithm can create the content of a contract and whether it will be legally binding, whether it will be possible to claim a declaration of intent error when the system fails or the algorithm misanalyses data, what if the content of a statement ‘made by an algorithm’ did not match the intention of the person using the algorithm? The purpose of this article will be to answer the above questions by taking into account selected model acts and – as a side note, as it were – to assess the relevance of these acts for the practice of trading and contract law more broadly.
    Umowy algorytmiczne stanowią kolejną kategorię umów wzbogaconych cyfrowo, które coraz częściej zawierane są w praktyce obrotu. Ich istota sprowadza się do określania przez algorytm treści zobowiązania stron, przy czym algorytm ten działać może jako ,,negocjator”, bądź uzupełniać luki w treści wcześniej ustalonych warunków umownych. Specyfika tych umów ma swoje prawnie doniosłe konsekwencje i rodzi konieczność poszukiwania odpowiedzi na wiele pytań, tj. m.in. czy algorytm może stworzyć treść umowy i czy będzie ona prawnie wiążąca, czy będzie można powołać się na błąd oświadczenia woli, gdy system zawiedzie lub algorytm źle przeanalizuje dane, co w sytuacji, gdy treść oświadczenia ,,złożonego przez algorytm” nie odpowiadała zamiarowi osoby posługującej się algorytmem? Celem artykułu będzie udzielenie odpowiedzi na powyższe pytania przy uwzględnieniu wybranych aktów prawa modelowego i – niejako pobocznie – ocena znaczenia tychże aktów dla praktyki obrotu i szerzej prawa umów.
    Źródło:
    Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2023, 21, 2; 43-58
    2658-1922
    Pojawia się w:
    Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Condition of Fault in Private Enforcement of Competition Law – a Comparative Analysis of U.S. v. Polish and European Approach
    Autorzy:
    Mackiewicz, Marta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158943.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    anonymous fault
    compensatory liability
    corporate fault
    infringement
    of competition law
    intent
    interchange fees
    negligence
    private enforcement
    Opis:
    The purpose of the Polish Act on Claims for Damages for Remedying the Damage Caused by Infringements of Competition Law, based on and implementing EU law – the Damages Directive, was to enable undertakings to effectively use private enforcement of their damages claims from competition law offenders. Infringement of competition law is classified as a tort according to the said Act on Claims. Therefore, the Act on Claims refers to tort liability rules. The conditions of classic tort liability in domestic law do not have exactly the same dogmatic meaning and scope as the conditions of public or private liability for the infringements of domestic and EU competition law. In practice, their application by national courts may rise many questions regarding conformity between domestic and EU law. This paper aims to analyse one of the key conditions of tort liability, that is, the fault of both the undertaking – the offenders, as well as the fault of their governing bodies and officers. If one were to understand the notion of fault within the limits laid down by civil law, and follow the literal wording of the Polish Civil Code’s provisions referring to the fault condition, the efficiency of private enforcement of damage claims arising from infringements of competition law would be doubtful. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide the readers with such an interpretation of the notion of fault, as a condition of liability of undertakings, that the legislative purpose of the Act on Claims is achieved and that the principles of efficiency and equivalence of the EU law are observed. In order to present a comprehensive picture, this paper will also discuss the case law of the CJEU concerning ‘anti-trust fault’, accompanied by a comparative analysis of the German and French approach to the fault condition as well as United States antitrust laws in the same area.
    L’objectif de la loi polonaise sur les actions en dommages et intérêts pour les infractions au droit de la concurrence, qui se base sur le droit de l’UE et le transpose était de permettre aux entreprises d’utiliser efficacement l’exécution privée de leurs demandes de dommages et intérêts auprès des auteurs d’infractions au droit de la concurrence. La violation du droit de la concurrence est qualifiée comme un délit civil selon la loi sur les demandes d’indemnisation. Par conséquent, la loi sur les demandes d’indemnisation renvoie aux règles de responsabilité délictuelle. Les conditions de la responsabilité délictuelle classique en droit national n’ont pas exactement la même signification et portée dogmatique que les conditions de la responsabilité publique ou privée pour les infractions au droit national et européen de la concurrence. Dans la pratique, leur application par les tribunaux nationaux peut soulever de nombreuses questions concernant la conformité entre le droit national et le droit de l’UE. Le présent document vise à analyser l’une des principales conditions de la responsabilité délictuelle, à savoir la faute de l’entreprise ainsi que la faute de ses organes et dirigeants. Si on voulait comprendre la notion de faute dans les limites fixées par le droit civil, et suivre la formulation littérale des dispositions du code civil polonais relatives à la condition de faute, l’efficacité de l’exécution privée des demandes de dommages et intérêts résultant d’infractions au droit de la concurrence serait incertaine. Par conséquent, le présent article vise à fournir aux lecteurs une interprétation de la notion de faute, en tant que condition de la responsabilité des entreprises, qui permette d’atteindre l’objectif législatif de la loi sur les demandes d’indemnisation et de respecter les principes d’efficacité et d’équivalence du droit de l’UE. Afin de présenter un cadre complet, cet article examine également la jurisprudence de la CJUE concernant la “faute antitrust”, accompagnée d’une analyse comparative des approches allemande et française de la condition de faute ainsi que des lois antitrust américaines dans le même domaine.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2020, 13, 21; 71-98
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Supporting telecommunication product sales by conjoint analysis
    Autorzy:
    Rzepakowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308095.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    decision analysis
    multiple criteria analysis
    utility theory
    preference measurement
    conjoint analysis
    consumer behavior
    purchase intent
    marketing
    marketing tools
    Opis:
    Conjoint analysis is widely used as a marketing research technique to study consumers' product preferences and simulate customer choices. It is used in designing new products, changing or repositioning existing products, evaluating the effect of price on purchase intent, and simulating market share. In this work the possibility of conjoint analysis usage in telecommunication filed is analyzed. It is used to find optimal products which could be recommended to telecommunication customers. First, a decision problem is defined. Next, the conjoint analysis method and its connections with ANOVA as well as regression techniques are presented. After that, different utility functions that represent preferences for voice, SMS, MMS and other net services usage are formulated and compared. Parameters of the proposed conjoint measures are determined by regression methods running on behavioral data, represented by artificially generated call data records. Finally, users are split in homogenous groups by segmentation techniques applied to net service utilities derived from conjoint analysis. Within those groups statistical analyses are performed to create product recommendations. The results have shown that conjoint analysis can be successfully applied by telecommunication operators in the customer preference identification process. However, further analysis should be done on real data, other data sources for customer preference identification should be explored as well.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2008, 3; 28-34
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effects of colours on the attitude towards an e-commerce website: A multicultural approach
    Wpływ kolorów na stosunek do handlowej strony internetowej. Podejście wielokulturowe
    Autorzy:
    Pelet, Jean-Éric
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957531.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-12
    Wydawca:
    Małopolska Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna w Tarnowie
    Tematy:
    colour in e-commerce
    national culture
    attitude towards the website
    affective states
    buying intent
    kolor w e-handlu
    kultura narodowa
    stosunek do strony internetowej
    emocje
    planowanie zakupu
    Opis:
    The aim of this research consists of studying the effects of the colours on the formation of an attitude towards an e-commerce website according to the nationality of the user. Colours used at the website can be a major element in the design of the interface by introduction of easily identifiable areas within the website. On the basis of semi-directive interviews, information about French and Tunisian Internet users were obtained to identify their perception of the interface of e-commerce websites. The topics referring to the national culture and to the affective states experienced by the consumer in the context of shopping on the Internet emerged. The findings reinforce the effects of the colour variable by consumers. They also show differences of perception according to the country of origin.
    Kolory wykorzystywane w projektowaniu stron internetowych mogą stanowić istotny element ich użyteczności, wyznaczając łatwe do identyfikacji obszary tematyczne portalu. Celem przedstawionych w artykule badań jest analiza wpływu kolorów na kształtowanie się stosunku klienta do handlowej strony internetowej w zależności od jego narodowości. Wykorzystując technikę wywiadu częściowo ustrukturyzowanego, uzyskano informacje o sposobie postrzegania stron internetowych prowadzących e-handel przez francuskich i tunezyjskich użytkowników internetu. Dostrzeżono problem uwarunkowań kulturowych oraz stanów emocjonalnych doświadczanych przez konsumentów w odniesieniu do zakupów internetowych. Wyniki badań potwierdzają wpływ koloru na konsumentów; pokazują także różnice w odbiorze strony w zależności od kraju pochodzenia użytkownika.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie; 2013, 2(23); 163-170
    1506-2635
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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