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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Information-type divergence when the likelihood ratios are bounded
    Autorzy:
    Rukhin, Andrew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1339144.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1997
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
    Tematy:
    information measures
    multiple decisions
    convexity
    likelihood ratio
    Opis:
    The so-called ϕ-divergence is an important characteristic describing "dissimilarity" of two probability distributions. Many traditional measures of separation used in mathematical statistics and information theory, some of which are mentioned in the note, correspond to particular choices of this divergence. An upper bound on a ϕ-divergence between two probability distributions is derived when the likelihood ratio is bounded. The usefulness of this sharp bound is illustrated by several examples of familiar ϕ-divergences. An extension of this inequality to ϕ-divergences between a finite number of probability distributions with pairwise bounded likelihood ratios is also given.
    Źródło:
    Applicationes Mathematicae; 1996-1997, 24, 4; 415-423
    1233-7234
    Pojawia się w:
    Applicationes Mathematicae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of annual high-discharge patterns in Kapuas River using information and complexity measures
    Autorzy:
    Gusti, Gillang N.N.
    Herawati, Henny
    Kawanisi, Kiyosi
    Al Sawaf, Mohamad B.
    Danial, Mochammad M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312645.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    El Niño-Southern Oscillation
    flood pattern
    information measures
    complexity measures
    Kapuas River
    tropical monsoon
    Opis:
    A recent study revealed that the amount of rainfall on the Kapuas River has increased over the last 30 years. The increase in rainfall increases the possibility of high discharge events, which might lead to destructive flooding of the Kapuas River and its tributaries. Hence, the ability to characterise the pattern of high discharge events is compulsory for the development and management of the Kapuas River watershed. The main objective of this study was to assess and characterise flood patterns in the Kapuas River watershed. To achieve this objective, we utilised information and complexity measures that consisted of mean information gain (MIG), effective measure complexity (EMC) and fluctuation complexity (FC) in daily water level records from 2002 to 2011 from a gauging station in Sanggau, West Kalimantan Province. The results revealed that flood events in the Kapuas River were mainly generated by the Indo-Australian monsoon, which occurred from December to March. The anomaly in 2010, when intense flood events were observed during the dry season, can be identified as the effect of a strong negative El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Additionally, the analysis of the information and complexity measures indicates that: (i) EMC, which reflects the length of flood events, tends to increase along with greater discharge, and (ii) MIG and FC, which denote the degree of randomness and fluctuation of flood events, respectively, tended to have higher values when the number of months without high discharge was less.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2023, 57; 62--68
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY DEVELOPMENT LEVEL IN THE POVIATS OF THE PODKARPACKIE VOIVODSHIP
    Autorzy:
    Sarama, Maria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452744.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
    Tematy:
    information society
    information and communication technologies
    synthetic measures
    information society development level
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to compare the IS development in the poviats of the podkarpackie voivodship. The synthetic development measures were determined according to: the multiplicative aggregation of indices and the TOPSIS method. Two levels of aggregation and weights determined by the AHP method were used. The values of the indicators were calculated based on the results of surveys carried out in the poviats of the podkarpackie voivodship within MNiSW research project “Determination of intra-regional disparities in the information society development”.
    Źródło:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2013, 14, 2; 181-190
    2082-792X
    Pojawia się w:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Polish contribution to financial econometrics. A review of methods and applications
    Polski wkład w ekonometrię finansową. Przegląd metod i zastosowań
    Autorzy:
    Osińska, Magdalena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/425108.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    financial econometrics
    volatility models
    risk measures
    extreme value theory
    microstructure
    behavioral information
    Opis:
    Since 1982 the term “financial econometrics” has been present in the enormous literature that covers both methodologies and empirical analyses of the processes observed on the financial markets. The purpose of the presented paper is to indicate the milestones in financial econometrics and their usefulness and to show the contribution of the research from Poland into its development. ‘Pure’ financial econometrics methods are of special interest. The paper is directed at reviewing the recent methodologies and their applications. We focused on the contribution of Polish researchers into financial econometrics over the years, considering both the methodology and the applications. Some of the indicated publications are cited quite often, including international quotations, others are not very popular due to the language of the publication or the local reach of the journal, although many of them can be considered in line with the achievements that are presented in international empirical publications.
    Źródło:
    Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics; 2016, 4 (54); 9-35
    1507-3866
    Pojawia się w:
    Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Are safety data sheets for cleaning products used in Norway a factor contributing to the risk of workers exposure to chemicals?
    Autorzy:
    Suleiman, Abdulqadir M.
    Svendsen, Kristin V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2178899.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-10-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    cleaning workers
    safety data sheets
    cleaning products
    health information
    constituent components
    Safety measures
    Opis:
    Objectives: Cleaning products are considered less hazardous than those used in other sectors. Suppliers and distributors are less conscientious when it comes to informing users on health risks. The aim of the study was to elaborate on the usefulness and clarity of information in the safety data sheets (SDS) for cleaning products, and considering if the use of these SDSs can be seen as a risk factor towards occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in the sector. Material and Methods: Safety data sheets were selected based on the risk level of the product assigned in an industrial sector scheme. 320 SDSs for cleaning products were reviewed. Constituent components found in the products over a given threshold were listed and available information thereof used to assess the perceived non-hazard consideration of the chemicals. Results: The contents of the SDSs was generic and mostly incomplete. Safety measures and health information lacked sufficient specificity despite varying compositions and concentrations of components. There is generally incompatibility between mentioned sections on the suggested non-hazardous nature of the products and health effects. Not all substances used in these products have harmonized classifications, which makes them open to various classification of the products and the suggested safety measures. This results in different companies classifying similar products differently. Risk management measures and suggested personal protective equipment (PPEs) are given haphazardly. Physical properties relevant to risk assessment are not included. Conclusions: The safety data sheets are ambiguous, and they lack relevant and important information. Inadequate information and risk assessment concerning the products can lead to workers being exposed to hazardous chemicals. Underestimation of the hazard contribution of the components of the products and the insufficient, non-objective mention of appropriate control and protective measures are the major contributing elements. There is a need to test the products in order to establish health effects and product specific safety measures.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2014, 27, 5; 840-853
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Presidential elections as a state destabilization tool in the theory and practice of the Russian info-psychological operations in the 20th and 21st century
    Wybory prezydenckie jako narzędzie destabilizacji państw w teorii i praktyce rosyjskich operacji informacyjno--psychologicznych w XX i XXI w.
    Autorzy:
    Wojnowski, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/501898.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-11-29
    Wydawca:
    Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego
    Tematy:
    information warfare
    propaganda
    elections
    active measures
    intelligence services
    walka informacyjna
    wybory
    środki aktywne
    służby specjalne
    Opis:
    The article refers to the measures and methods of exerting impact on the presidential elections in France and in the USA by the Russian Federation. The Russian activity clearly indicates that elections are the target and the tool of the information warfare, in which disinformation, propaganda, lobbying, manipulation, controlled crisis and blackmail are used. Elections are perceived as a good occasion to multiply operations aiming at the destabilizing of the internal situation of individual states through the initiation of violent ethnically, socially, politically and religiously-motivated conflicts, which was presented through the Internet info-psychological operations. The internal destabilization will enable the appointment of candidates of favorable attitudes towards the Kremlin on various government positions and to undermine democratic institutions and the liberal democracy model itself.
    Artykuł dotyczy środków i metod wywierania wpływu przez Federację Rosyjską na wybory prezydenckie w USA i we Francji. Rosyjska praktyka wyraźnie pokazuje, że wybory stanowią cel i narzędzie walki informacyjnej, w której stosuje się dezinformację, propagandę, lobbing, manipulację, kryzys kontrolowany i szantaż. Wybory są postrzegane jako dogodna okazja do zwiększenia oddziaływania mającego na celu destabilizację sytuacji wewnętrznej poszczególnych państw przez wywołanie gwałtownych starć na tle etnicznym, społecznym, politycznym i religijnym, co zostało ukazane na przykładzie operacji informacyjno-psychologicznych w sieci Internet. Destabilizacja wewnętrzna umożliwia wprowadzenie na urzędy kandydatów sprzyjających polityce Kremla oraz podważenie instytucji demokratycznych i samego modelu demokracji liberalnej.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego; 2019, 11, 21; 311-333
    2080-1335
    2720-0841
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    ICT advancement index for enterprise evaluation
    Autorzy:
    Bolek, C.
    Grudzińska-Kuna, A.
    Papińska-Kacperek, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95155.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    ICT advancement measures
    composite indicators
    information and communication technologies
    technologie informacyjne i komunikacyjne (ICT)
    syntetyczne wskaźniki
    Opis:
    The article aims the conceptualization and operationalization of the sophistication of ICT use at firm level focusing on selection of indicators and measurement methods. Due to complexity of ICT implementation and adoption process, for constructive and detailed assessment, it is necessary to get many indicators analysed. However multi-indicator approach can be unintelligible for non-professionals. Therefore, authors have decided to employ composite indicator that can be synthetic form of enterprise ICT advancement measure as well as evaluation and comparison tool.
    Źródło:
    Information Systems in Management; 2012, 1, 2; 87-99
    2084-5537
    2544-1728
    Pojawia się w:
    Information Systems in Management
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Incremental value of information for discrete-time partially observed stochastic systems
    Autorzy:
    Banek, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969917.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Badań Systemowych PAN
    Tematy:
    stochastic control
    filtering
    Hausdorff measures
    change of variables formula of Federer
    Lagrange multipliers
    value of information
    Opis:
    A discrete-time stochastic control problem for general (nonlinear in state, control, observation and noise) models is considered. The same noise can enter into the state and into the observation equations, and the state/observation does not need to be affine with respect to the noise. Under mild assumptions the joint distribution function of the state/observation processes is obtained and used for computing the Gateaux and Frechet derivatives of the cost function. Under partial observation the control actions are restricted by the measurability requirement and we compute the Lagrange multiplier associated with this "information constraint". The multiplier is called a "dual", or "shadow" price, and in the literature of the subject is interpreted as an incremental value of information . The present and the future are two factors appearing in the multiplier and we study how they are balanced as time goes on. An algorithm for computing extremal controls in the spirit of R. Rishel (1985) is also obtained.
    Źródło:
    Control and Cybernetics; 2010, 39, 3; 769-781
    0324-8569
    Pojawia się w:
    Control and Cybernetics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of TBTs on Trade in ICT Goods: Differentiating by Regulatory Objectives
    Autorzy:
    Ghodsi, Mahdi
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29431179.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-03-28
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
    Tematy:
    Information and communications technology
    non-tariff measures
    technical barriers to trade
    | Pseudo Poisson Maximum Likelihood
    World Trade Organization
    Opis:
    This paper analyses how different types of technical barriers to trade (TBTs) imposed on imports of information and communications technology (ICT) goods globally affected the value and volume of imported goods during the period of 1996–2018. Key words cited in the TBTs give an indication of the aims behind the imposition of TBTs. The results indicate that TBTs have a strong positive impact on the value of imports. While many key words cited in TBTs notified to the World Trade Organization (WTO) affect the value and volume of imports in a positive way, certain other TBTs function as trade barriers.
    Źródło:
    Central European Economic Journal; 2024, 11, 58; 97-127
    2543-6821
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Economic Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Introduction to quantum entanglement
    Wprowadzenie do kwantowego splątania
    Autorzy:
    Kurzyk, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/375648.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Quantum information theory
    states entanglement
    reduction criterion
    positive partial transpose
    positive maps
    entanglement witness
    majorization
    measures of entanglement
    Opis:
    This paper contains a characterization of certain aspects of bipartite quantum entanglement. We discuss relationship between entropy and entanglement, as well as qualitative and quantitative aspects of entanglement. Qualitative characterization of entanglement concerns the criteria: reduction criterion, positive partial transpose, positive maps, entanglement witness and majorization criterion. Measures of entanglement have been discussed as the quantitative aspects of entanglement.
    W artykule zostały poruszone podstawowe aspekty splątania kwantowego. Przytoczone zostały definicje splątania dla stanów czystych oraz mieszanych. Następnie opisano pojęcie entropii von Neumanna oraz jej związek ze splątaniem stanów kwantowych. Kolejne sekcje zawierają opis kryteriów separowalności. Ostatnia sekcja zawiera aksjomaty miar splątania, a także najważniejsze miary splątania.
    Źródło:
    Theoretical and Applied Informatics; 2012, 24, 2; 135-150
    1896-5334
    Pojawia się w:
    Theoretical and Applied Informatics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cooperation Between Poland and the USA in the Protection of Classified Information
    Autorzy:
    Tokarski, Mirosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010349.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Centrum Rzeczoznawstwa Budowlanego Sp. z o.o.
    Tematy:
    international agreement
    military sphere
    safety
    security measures
    protection of classified information
    porozumienie międzynarodowe
    sfera wojskowa
    bezpieczeństwo
    środki bezpieczeństwa
    ochrona informacji niejawnych
    Opis:
    The military cooperation between Poland and the USA so far has undoubtedly influenced the shape of the external security. The tangible expression of this cooperation is, among others, the signing of an agreement between Poland and the USA for the purchase of the Patriot system in July 2017. As a result, Poland joined the elite group of countries possessing weapons capable of countering enemy ballistic and maneuvering missiles. It also adjusts the domestic armed forces to the NATO standards and the requirements of the modern battle-field. An additional aspect of the existing cooperation between Poland and the USA is the agreement on the protection of classified information in the military sphere. In this context, the aim of this article is to identify the scope of cooperation between Poland and the USA in the area of security measures, which should guarantee the protection of classified information considering the interests of both countries. During the considerations, two basic research methods were used: analysis and synthesis. The former method was used in relation to the content of the concluded contract and the opinions presented in the literature on the subject. The latter method was used to formulate conclusions resulting from the conducted analysis. The considerations undertaken proved that there is an area of mutual cooperation in the field of protection of classified information between Poland and the USA. They also made it possible to obtain an answer to the question of what security measures determine the effectiveness of the protection of classified information in the military sphere between the contracting states.
    Źródło:
    Safety & Defense; 2021, 2; 132-143
    2450-551X
    Pojawia się w:
    Safety & Defense
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application supporting commercial bank’s capital management
    Autorzy:
    Gafrikova, V.
    Odrzygóźdź, Z.
    Szczesny, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95051.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    capital management
    capital allocation
    risk adjusted performance measures
    business intelligence
    management information system
    zarządzanie kapitałem
    alokacja kapitału
    informatyczne systemy zarządzania
    inteligencja biznesowa
    Opis:
    This paper describes the basis - resulting among others from the prudential capital regulations - for capital management at a commercial bank. In the capital management process there are used capital allocation and risk adjusted performance measures. Based on this, the concept of the central MIS extension has been presented in a way that allows to include a wide range of different level managers in the capital management process in order to improve the capital efficiency from the perspective of shareholders.
    Źródło:
    Information Systems in Management; 2013, 2, 2; 113-125
    2084-5537
    2544-1728
    Pojawia się w:
    Information Systems in Management
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The principles of classified Information Security Management System organisation within the realisation of European Defence Agency research projects (personnel and facility security aspects)
    Zasady organizacji systemu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem informacyjnym podczas realizacji projektów naukowo-badawczych Europejskiej Agencji Obrony (aspekty bezpieczeństwa osobowego i przemysłowego)
    Autorzy:
    Sobczyński, T.
    Listewnik, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/222491.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich
    Tematy:
    classified information
    sensitive information
    personnel security
    facility security
    risk assessment
    dissemination of EUCI
    risk level valuation
    physical security measures
    informacje niejawne
    informacje wrażliwe
    bezpieczeństwo osobowe
    bezpieczeństwo przemysłowe
    oceny ryzyka
    rozpowszechnianie informacji klasyfikowanych UE
    analiza poziomu zagrożeń
    środki ochrony fizycznej
    Opis:
    The article presents the aspects of personnel and facility security principles for classified Information Security Management System (ISMS) implemented within the realization of European Defence Agency research and technology projects. In the contents of article, authors characterised the rules and procedures, resulting from the legal acts, which regulates procedures of handling and exchanging of classified information, obtained during the realisation of research process. Special attention has been focused on the European Defence Agency projects during which, wide range of international participants have to implement, not only efficient but also common ISMS for all membership countries, to be able to fulfil all legal requirements for classified and sensitive information.
    Artykuł przedstawia aspekty bezpieczeństwa osobowego i przemysłowego w ramach organizacji systemu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem informacji wdrażanego podczas realizacji projektów naukowo-badawczych Europejskiej Agencji Obrony. Autorzy charakteryzują procedury oraz zasady wynikające z aktów prawnych regulujących obszar związany z ochroną informacji niejawnych przetwarzanych w procesie realizacji projektu naukowo-badawczego. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na wielonarodowe projekty naukowo-badawcze wspierane przez Europejską Agencję Obrony, gdzie organizatorzy procesu zarządzania projektem muszą wykreować i wdrożyć wspólny system zarządzania bezpieczeństwem informacji, który jest nie tylko skuteczny, ale również spełnia wszelkie wymogi formalnoprawne wynikające z regulacji kształtujących zasady postępowania z informacjami niejawnymi oraz wrażliwymi.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej; 2015, R. 56 nr 3 (202), 3 (202); 63-74
    0860-889X
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Presidential Commission of the Russian Federation to Counter Attempts to Falsify History to the Detriment of Russia’s Interests (2009–12)
    Autorzy:
    Darczewska, Jolanta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2108331.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
    Tematy:
    The Presidential Commission of the Russian Federation to Counter Attempts to Falsify History to the Detriment of Russia’s Interests
    politics of history
    politics of memory
    historical propaganda
    active measures in the field of history
    information warfare
    Dmitri Medvedev
    Sergey Naryshkin
    Opis:
    Abstract: The Presidential Commission of the Russian Federation to Counter Attempts to Falsify History to the Detriment of Russia’s Interests (Комиссия при президенте Российской Федерации по противодействию попыткам фальсификации истории в ущерб интересам России), established in 2009, was intended to serve as Russia’s response to similar attempts at institutionalisation in the Central and Eastern Europe region (such as the historical commissions in the Baltic states, and the Institutes of National Remembrance in Poland and Ukraine). At the same time, its activities showed a multidimensional approach, combining elements of security policy with education, culture and media, public and non-public memory policy, and formal and informal activities. Although the official emphasis was mainly on the external (foreign) determinants of the Commission’s genesis, it also became an important element of domestic policy. The Commission only operated for three years (2009–2012), but its importance as a tool of Kremlin policy cannot be overestimated. It turned difficult historical issues into “historical weapons”; introduced international public discourse to the Russian narrative, which was constructed in a spirit of confrontation with the memories of its neighbours; coordinated the activities of formal state organisations, as well as those which operated as nominally non-state bodies but were financed by the state; expanded the community of expert research which argued the Russian narrative while undermining others from abroad; and examined the options for transmitting the desired attitudes and opinions to wider audiences, creating systemic mechanisms of what has been called “counteracting the falsification of history.” The aim of this article is to show the institutional and organisational aspect of this phenomenon.
    Źródło:
    Institute of National Remembrance Review; 2021-2022, 3; 127-176
    2658-1566
    Pojawia się w:
    Institute of National Remembrance Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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