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Tytuł:
Nonviolent civil resistance against military force: The experience of Lithuania in 1991
Autorzy:
Petrauskaite, Audrone
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311093.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
civil resistance
nonviolent resistance
state defense
Opis:
Evolving threats to national security have resulted in the adoption of comprehensive (total) defence concepts by a number of small and medium states. Civil resistance constitutes a considerable part of such concepts, complementing military defence. The historical experience of Lithuania proved the value of nonviolent resistance between 1988 and 1991 for regaining independence, and defending it in January 1991. The aim of this article is to analyse the role of non-violent civil resistance in the national defence system, based on the experience of 13 January 1991 in Lithuania and develop further discussion about the concept of civil resistance. The methodological approach of the article is based on historical and theoretical analysis. This allows the experience of Lithuania to be assessed on the basis of Lithuanian National Security and Defence Strategy and scientific research. Lithuanian non-violent civil resistance in 1988–1991 was successful in terms of strategy, leadership, organisation, planning, non-violence priorities and the number of citizens involved. The leaders of the movement were able to mobilise people into a widespread movement based on their moral authority and value orientations, strongly appealing to different groups in society. Lithuania’s independence was achieved with minimal human sacrifice, preserving the country’s resources and infrastructure. This experience of non-violent civil resistance came to be used by modern state institutions to create strategic documents of the state. In the current situation, it is necessary to focus not only on the knowledge required for state defence and civil resistance, but also on its moral aspects such as values, ethical behaviour, civic and human maturity.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2021, 34, 2; 38-52
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transparency of information contained in the state budget from the view of utility for the citizen
Autorzy:
Jastrzębska, Maria Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128462.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
fiscal transparency
state budget
civil society
Opis:
Purpose – The purpose of the article is to assess the transparency of information contained in the state budget from the point of view of usefulness for the citizen and to recommend actions to increase the transparency of information in this regard. Methods – Descriptive analysis and deductive and inductive reasoning were used. Research description – The essence of fiscal transparency in the context of social responsibility of the government was discussed. The scope of information included in: the multi-year financial state finance, the budget act, the report on the implementation of the state budget, the analysis of the implementation of the state budget was analyzed. The assessment of information in the above-mentioned scope was carried out from the point of view of usefulness for the citizen and the flow of information between the government and citizens about public funds collected and allocated by the state budget. Finally, recommendations were made for actions to be taken to increase the transparency of information contained in the state budget. Results – The transparency of the information contained in the state budget (at the stage of its planning, adoption, implementation, reporting and controlling budget implementation) is very limited from the point of view of its usefulness for the citizen. It is necessary to take specific actions to increase the transparency of information contained in the state budget from the point of view of its usefulness for the citizen. Originality / value – the literature on the subject lacks publications devoted to the issue of transparency of the state budget in our country. The article addresses this research problem by assessing the content of information published by the government in the state budget as the basic public fund from the point of view of the usefulness of this information for the citizen.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2020, 3(101); 3-14
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The State and the People: Relations Old and New
Autorzy:
Raciborski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-03-23
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
state
nation state
powerful state
welfare state
legitimization
the people
citizen
civil society
Opis:
This article strives to assess the condition of the contemporary state. The author thinks that the contemporary state is more powerful than ever in history and that this power is strongly rooted in the wants of its citizens. The recent global economic crisis has legitimized the state even further. Although the contemporary state is increasingly polycentric and its structures are less and less hierarchic and transparent, the identity and integration of the political system are not in danger. The state’s immense power is a serious threat to its citizens and to democracy. The processes of nationalization of societies are stronger than the processes of socialization of states. Hence one of the (widely understood) key problems of theWest is how to preserve citizen autonomy. This autonomy is being increasingly threatened by various state agencies and the welfare state’s typical clientism, which try to control each and every citizen. The usual response to this danger is to call for limitation of the state’s role, for a minimal state, etc. This author thinks that such postulates are unrealistic, because citizens want the state to be a welfare state and because such a state is functional for democracy. The best response to the threat to individual autonomy and to democracy is the republican response: only the politically mobilized people can maintain an elementary level of state socialization and an essential degree of state segmentation, both of which create the necessary space for individual freedom.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2011, 173, 1; 3-20
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diffused Religion and Civil Society in Italy
Autorzy:
Cipriani, Roberto
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037923.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
civil society
diffused religion
politics
state
italy
Opis:
“Diffused religion” is to be understood in at least a double sense. First of all, it is diffused in that it comprises vast sections of the population and goes beyond the simple limits of church religion. Besides, it has become widespread, since it has been shown to be a historical and cultural result of the almost bi-millennial presence of the Catholic institution in Italy and of its socializing and legitimizing action. However values diffused in the Italian civil society can be considered as a form of conflict with the established institution of Catholic Church. Civil society shows a peculiar trend towards civic freedoms and ethical pluralism. Although the Catholic perspective is dominant, the civil society prefers a different system of values, even though not so much different from ecclesiastical social doctrine. This way there is a public space where religion is not the reference point and other perspectives take place.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2019, 19; 65-79
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Civil Society and its Discontents
Autorzy:
Karolewski, Ireneusz P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929394.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-06-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
civil society
state theory
governance
democracy
Eastern Europe
Opis:
The article departs from the discussion of the sources of the scholar interest in civil society and proceeds to the functional expectations about it. It claims that the concept of civil society, as it is frequently used in scientific and political debates, has specific cultural roots, which makes a trans-cultural analysis difficult or perhaps even impossible. Furthermore, the article addresses three conceptual problems of civil society, namely the issue of what constitutes civil society, its autonomy and impact as well as the challenge of civil society to the state. The central argument of the article is that in order to examine the impact of civil society on governance and democracy, it is recommendable to include three levels of analysis, namely the structure and functions of civil society (including also the possibly negative impact of civil society), the type of state co-existing with civil society as well as the character of the relationship between state and civil society.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 154, 2; 167-186
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Republic of Azerbaijan as a Subject of Constitutional and Legal Relations
Autorzy:
Fakhrat Jafarova, Reyhan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
constitutionalism
state
constitutional and legal
relations
civil society
Opis:
In this article, the author considers the Azerbaijani state as a subject of constitutional and legal relations. The definition of constitutionalism is also analyzed, in which the main value in the state is the freedom of the individual and the provision of fundamental human rights and freedoms.
Źródło:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies; 2022, 3; 135-137
2720-6998
Pojawia się w:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Legality of the Restrictions of the Civil and Political Rights in Poland During the First Wave of the Coronavirus Pandemic
Autorzy:
Utrata, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2120082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
pandemic
COVID-19
civil and political rights
state of emergency
legality
Opis:
This article aims to answer the question about the legality of the selected measures implemented by the Polish government during the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic, which resulted in constitutional rights and freedom restrictions. The study focuses on examining selected restrictions implemented in the spring of 2020 in the light of the Polish Constitution, especially in the light of Article 31 (3), which defines the premises of limitation of citizens’ rights and freedoms. It indicates the lack of legal basis and incompatibility with constitutional premises of many restrictions. The study further examines the premises of the introduction of the state of emergency, indicating that the government's decision not to impose such a state was legal and why. The study considers legal status from March 13 to May 16, 2020.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2022, 2 (51); 96-111
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF CIVIC IDENTITY
Autorzy:
Grabovska, Sofia Leonidivna
Petrovska, Inha Rostyslavivna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/954176.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
civiс identity
civil society
state
students
individual model of the world.
Opis:
The civic identity of an individual is seen as a dynamic system of citizen's perceptions of himself / herself and related emotions and value-semantic elements derived from the awareness of the fact that he / she is a citizen of a state and at the same time a member of the community of citizens. The results of the study support the notion that awareness of being a citizen of the state does not already mean having civic identity. Only 34% of interviewed students have a well-formed positive civic identity; 37% are showing some uncertainty, vagueness, ambiguity in their perception of themselves as citizens; 15% reject their Ukrainian civic identity, have a well-formed negative civic identity, and, more than other types, exhibit passive-indifferent civil position; 14% make a group of "potential emigrants" who are ready to change the Ukrainian civic identity for another. The differences in worldview and value-motivational sphere of students with the formed positive ("reached"), undefined ("indistinct" / "diffuse"), formed negative ("negative-passive") and "protest" ("potential immigrants") civic identity have been discovered.  
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2017, 8, 1; 138-147
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inhomogeneity of civil society and its influence on government
Autorzy:
Lozynska, Tamara
Ivanina, Oleksandr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
civil society
power
state
public administration
political process
public participation
public organization
manipulation
advocacy
Opis:
In the context of democratic discourse, civil society is given a decisive role in the formation of power and influence on power. However, between the authorities (state and self-governing) and public organizations, as representatives of the interests of civil society, mostly subject-object relations are established, where the subject is the government. The article is devoted to finding an answer to the question: can the model of subject-subject relations between the government and civil society, where both social institutions are equal participants in the political process, have practical application? Analysis of social changes in Western Europe and Ukraine gives grounds to support the point of view of those scholars who consider civil society the basis of the state, a factor that gives a specific character to each state formation, regardless of the generality of democratic processes. At the same time, attention is drawn to the heterogeneity of civil society, which is a barrier to its consolidation and strengthening of subjectivity. There is a noticeable increase in competition between the state and civil society in terms of influencing society, as well as the manipulation of public movements by public authorities to achieve political goals. However, a fairly high level of public confidence in public organizations and the potential for their advocacy allow the use of public influence to activate the population and strengthen the position of civil society in relations with the authorities.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2021, 17; 61-73
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Socio-political passport of Zakarpattia (Ukraine): a brief history of the region’s survival in Central Europe
Autorzy:
Tokar, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195754.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
socio-political development
Ukrainian region
political regime
state policy
civil society
political and non-governmental organizations
Opis:
Zakarpattia is perhaps the only region of contemporary Ukraine which during the twentieth century has experienced complex political processes of regionalization and adaptation to different states and their political systems. A characteristic feature of the changes in the region was a frequent transition of political conditions from authoritarian to democratic styles of state governing of the title nations which had implanted in Zakarpattia their political rules trying to change the political culture and political consciousness of local elites and citizens.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2022, 12, 3; 1-13
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish-Ukrainian cooperation in the field of societal security – selected aspects
Autorzy:
Ziobro, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078102.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-29
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
societal security
civil protection
fire protection
rescue
State Fire Service
voluntary fire brigades
Polish-Ukrainian cooperation
Opis:
Societal security is an area associated with an extensive catalog of natural and anthropogenic threats, which do not recognize any administrative boundaries in their destructive development. The escalation of their negative impact is determined by the geographic and natural conditions in the place of their materialization and the laws of physics. The mentioned dependencies mean that effective prevention of their occurrence or combating their negative effects requires combining the efforts of various entities in the internal (national) dimension, as well as with neighboring countries, especially in border areas. This article attempts to diagnose Polish-Ukrainian cooperation in actions to ensure societal security undertaken by fire protection units operating in Poland with their counterparts operating in Ukraine.
Źródło:
Security Forum; 2022, 6, 1; 61-78
2544-1809
Pojawia się w:
Security Forum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Civil Society in Sweden as a Factor of Sweden’s Image Attractiveness
Społeczeństwo obywatelskie jako czynnik atrakcyjności wizerunkowej Szwecji
Autorzy:
Kobierecka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1940721.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
soft power
branding
state attractiveness
civil society
soft power resources
zasoby soft power
społeczeństwo obywatelskie
atrakcyjność wizerunkowa państwa
Opis:
In recent years, nation branding attracts interest of scholars and academic environment. In the era of globalisation, the need to care for propoer image and perception of a state in international environment becomes even more apparent. Soft power resources are a vital element in creating a strong nation brand. The aim of the article is to verify hipothesis stating that civil society can be perceived as a soft power resource used in building the brand. Therefore, the proposed research is conducted by analysing most significant branding rankings with respect to the positions reached by Sweden, used as a model state with strong civil society.
W ostatnich latach branding narodowy cieszy się coraz większym zainteresowaniem wśród środowisk akademickich. W dobie globalizacji dostrzega się coraz wyraźniej konieczność dbania o odpowiedni wizerunek i postrzeganie państw na arenie międzynarodowej. Istotnym elementem w budowaniu wizerunków państw są zasoby miękkiej siły, jakimi dysponują państwa. Celem artykułu jest weryfikacja hipotezy, zgodnie z którą społeczeństwo obywatelskie może zostać uznane za jeden z cennych zasobów wpływających pozytywnie na budowanie silnej marki państwa. W tym celu analizie poddane zostały najistotniejsze rankingi brandingowe z uwzględnieniem pozycji uzyskiwanej przez Szwecję, służącą jako państwo modelowe o silnym i rozbudowanym społeczeństwie obywatelskim.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2018, 59; 82-95
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Commissioner for Citizens Rights- Past, Present and Future
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43438208.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
Supreme Administrative Court
State Tribunal
Constitutional Court
Ombudsman
Civil Rights
act
rights and freedoms
citizen
international law
constitutional complaint
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1998, 1-4; 57-70
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiany wprowadzane w roku 2015/2016 w Ustawie z dnia 21 listopada 2008 roku o służbie cywilnej – refleksje wybrane
Changes made at the turn of 2015 and 2016 in the act of 21 november 2008 on the civil service – comments selected
Autorzy:
Banaszkiewicz, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1590926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
state of law
civil service
the principle of professionalism
political neutrality
państwo prawa
służba cywilna
zasada profesjonalizmu
neutralność polityczna
Opis:
Artykuł odnosi się do niektórych elementów treści nowelizacji ustawy z dnia 21 listopada 2008 roku o służbie cywilnej, jaka została dokonana ustawą z dnia 30 grudnia 2015 roku. W jednym z przepisów tej nowelizacji zmieniony został sposób doboru kandydatów na wyższe stanowiska w służbie cywilnej, przy jednoczesnym stwierdzeniu, że na mocy nowych przepisów osoby zajmujące te stanowiska będą stanowiły część korpusu służby cywilnej. Wolny i konkurencyjny nabór został zastąpiony powołaniem, którego w niektórych przypadkach dokonują podmioty piastujące swe funkcje z nadania politycznego, co rodzi pytanie, czy nie wpłynie to na sposób funkcjonowania osób powołanych, przede wszystkim zaś na kryteria ich doboru. Autor przypomina najpierw samą istotę służby cywilnej, ideę jej utworzenia i historię w Polsce, następnie zaś odnosi się do aktualnego stanu prawnego. W kluczowej części artykułu autor przypomina, jak ważna jest polityczna neutralność, będąca jedną z zasad, na których służba cywilna powinna opierać swoje działanie, formułuje również opinię dotyczącą tego, do czego może prowadzić odejście od tej zasady (równocześnie, czym może być ono motywowane jako działalność celowa).
Article refers to some elements of the content of the amendment of the Act of 21 November 2008 on the civil service, which was made by the Law of 30 December 2015. In one of the provisions of the amendment changed the manner of selection of candidates for senior positions in the civil service. At the same time the person it-holders were included in the civil service corps. Free and competitive recruitment was replaced by vocation, which in some cases is undertaken by entities performing their functions on the political way. The question is whether it will not affect the operation of these people, and above all, on the criteria for their selection. First the author reminds the essence of the civil service, the idea of its creation and history in Poland, and then refers to the current legal status. In the key part of the article the author points out the importance of political neutrality, which is one of the principles on which civil servants should base their action. Apart from that he expressed an opinion, what will be the effects in case of deviation from this principle (at the same time, then it may be motivated by a purposeful activity).
Źródło:
Studia Administracyjne; 2016, 8; 151-166
2080-5209
2353-284X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Administracyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unification of Ukrainian Society in a Postwar Period as a Preventive Mechanism to Avert the Crisis of State
Unifikacja społeczeństwa ukraińskiego w okresie powojennym jako mechanizm zapobiegania kryzysowi państwa
Autorzy:
Lavrynenko, Hanna
Donaj, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30147268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
civil society
return migration
repatriation policy
state
unification of society
universalization
safety
crisis of state system
społeczeństwo obywatelskie
migracje powrotne
polityka repatriacyjna
państwo
unifikacja społeczeństwa
uniwersalizacja
bezpieczeństwo
kryzys państwa
Opis:
The study involves the analysis of unification of Ukrainian society in a postwar period to prevent the crisis of state system. It is claimed, that upon the war termination the issue of creation of universal Ukrainian society forming model arises, which is supposed to represent a symbiosis of foundations of nationwide well-being and prospects of Ukraine strategic development. It is shown, that the existent division of society into those who stayed in Ukraine and those who left for other countries can scale up in a long run. The loss of conceptual univocity in the course of developing such categories as “victim,” “patriot,” “traitor” and “savior” in civil society bears evidence to the mobility of self-identification process of existing population clusters and possible appearance of new categories of populace in the not so distant future. The rationalization for human capital is provided as well as the necessity of having regard to the mentioned factor while elaborating the postwar country development strategy. Special attention is paid to the problem of implementation of repatriation policy. Its types are defined, and the mostly acceptable options for Ukraine are characterized, including the direct and active or in direct and mediated state’s stimulation of nationals’ returning to the ethnical Homeland. Based on the conducted analysis of current experience of European countries, it was concluded that it is the controlled process of return migration that is the key component of consistent country development.
Przedmiotem publikacji jest analiza procesu unifikacji społeczeństwa ukraińskiego – w okresie powojennym – jaki jest niezbędny by zapobiec kryzysowi państwa. Zdaniem autorów, po zakończeniu wojny palącym problemem będzie kwestia stworzenia uniwersalnego modelu kształtowania się społeczeństwa ukraińskiego, którego zadaniem będzie symbioza podstaw ogólnonarodowego dobrobytu oraz perspektyw strategicznego rozwoju Ukrainy. Podkreślono, że istniejący podział społeczeństwa na tych, którzy pozostali na Ukrainie i tych, którzy wyjechali do innych państw, w dłuższej perspektywie może się pogłębiać. Utrata jednoznaczności pojęciowej – w toku kształtowania się społeczeństwa obywatelskiego – takich kategorii jak „ofiara”, „patriota”, „zdrajca” i „zbawiciel” świadczy o mobilności procesu samoidentyfikacji istniejących skupisk ludności i możliwym – w niedalekiej przyszłości – pojawieniu się nowych kategorii ludności. Przedstawiono również zagadnienie racjonalnego wykorzystania kapitału ludzkiego oraz konieczność uwzględnienia tego czynnika przy opracowywaniu powojennej strategii rozwoju państwa. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na problem realizacji polityki repatriacyjnej. Zdefiniowano jej rodzaje i scharakteryzowano najbardziej akceptowalne opcje dla Ukrainy, w tym bezpośrednie i aktywne lub pośrednie i stymulowane przez państwo powroty obywateli do etnicznej Ojczyzny. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy dotychczasowych doświadczeń państw europejskich uznano, że to właśnie kontrolowany proces migracji powrotnych jest kluczowym elementem spójnego rozwoju państwa.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2023, 16; 321-331
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 25

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