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Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
Competition Law in the Quasi-Liberalized Postal Service Market: An Overview
Autorzy:
Erdem, Fatih Buğra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158723.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
liberalization
postal service market
competition law
Opis:
Postal services in the European Union have been liberalized through three postal directives, namely, 97/67/EC, 2002/39/EC and 2008/6/EC as per the Green paper, which emphasises the necessity of the liberalization of postal services for the development of the single market and the promotion of socio-economic development. Nevertheless, the realisation of this transition is questionable. Although these directives, to remove all barriers for new entrants, have established the necessary legal framework, formerly monopolised national postal operators have retained their dominant positions to a large extent and attempted to abuse it. Therefore, the implementation of competition law provisions plays an important role in the liberalization process. This article seeks to discuss how far postal services have advanced in terms of their liberalization under recent competition law judgments issued against national postal operators such as La Poste and Deutsche Post, by considering the Universal Postal Union (UPU)’s postal development reports as well as arguing the counter example of the US position.
Les services postaux de l’Union européenne ont été libéralisés par trois directives postales, notamment les directives 97/67/CE, 2002/39/CE et 2008/6/CE, conformément au Livre vert, qui souligne la nécessité de la libéralisation des services postaux pour le développement du marché unique et la promotion du développement socio-économique. Toutefois, la réalisation de cette transition est incertaine. Bien que ces directives, visant à supprimer toutes les barrières pour les nouveaux entrants, aient établi le cadre juridique nécessaire, les opérateurs postaux nationaux anciennement monopolisés ont conservé dans une large mesure leur position dominante et ont tenté d’en abuser. Par conséquent, la mise en oeuvre des dispositions du droit de la concurrence joue un rôle important dans le processus de libéralisation. Cet article vise à examiner dans quelle mesure les services postaux ont progressé en termes de libéralisation dans le cadre des récents jugements en matière de droit de la concurrence rendus à l’encontre d’opérateurs postaux nationaux tels que La Poste et Deutsche Post, en examinant les rapports de développement postal de l’Union postale universelle ainsi qu’en argumentant le contre-exemple de la position américaine.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2021, 14, 23; 123-140
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Service of Documents in The Context of Employment During Employee Quarantine
Autorzy:
Žuľová, Jana
Kundrát, Ivan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1372665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Labour Law Association
Tematy:
quarantine
service of documents
document
postal service
employee address
Opis:
The legal regulation of quarantine imposed on an employee is limited in the Labor Code (Act No. 311/2001 Statutes, the Labor Code, as amended, hereinafter referred to as the Labor Code), to the framework regulation of legal consequences of quarantine in labor relations. A number of labor-related problems arising from the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic causing COVID19 will, therefore, have to be addressed by interpreting the legislation in force for the purpose of its practical application, as it had been previously considered to be of rather a theoretical nature. The paper deals with the partial problem of the service of documents in labor relations during the employee quarantine. It identifies what is served, it analyzes the correctness of the employer's procedure when it automatically relays the delivery task to the postal service, and it clarifies the interpretation of the term “last known address” in the context of its change as evidenced from the proof of temporary incapacity for work stemming from a quarantine imposed on the employee. The aim of the paper is to discuss the practical aspects of the service of documents in the labor context at the time of the current situation of the spread of coronavirus epidemic. In terms of the methodology, the paper is based on critical in-depth analysis of the current legal framework, descriptive method and scientific cognitive methods.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Labour Law and Personnel Management; 2020, 3, 1; 77-88
2644-4917
2644-4542
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Labour Law and Personnel Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of safety in service quality in the opinion of traditional and digital customers of postal service
Autorzy:
Kowalik, Kamila
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/111883.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
postal service
safety
service quality
usługi pocztowe
jakość usług
opinia klienta
Opis:
One of the factors allowing to shape safety and quality of a postal service is an opinion of its customer. In the following paper, the analysis of the impact of a customer’s perception of safety on the service quality assessment has been presented. Research results presented in the paper refer to opinions of traditional and digital customers of postal services. The presented analysis is enriched by a theoretical framework of service quality, the explanation of the concept of safety, and a complementary characteristics of traditional and digital postal services. Afterwards, safety attributes of the postal services have been proposed, explained and highlighted. Subsequently, the results presented in the paper refer to the validity of particular chosen safety attributes of postal services.
Źródło:
Production Engineering Archives; 2020, 26; 1-4
2353-5156
2353-7779
Pojawia się w:
Production Engineering Archives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Universal Service Obligation and Loyalty Effects: An Agent-Based Modelling Approach
Autorzy:
Bakhtieva, Dilyara
Kiljański, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-11-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
agent-based modelling
liberalisation of the postal markets
postal sector
Universal Service Obligation (USO)
USO provider
Opis:
In network industries, a Universal Service Obligation (USO) is often seen as a burden on an incumbent, which requires compensation for the net cost of such service provision. This paper estimates the effects of consumer loyalty as an intangible benefit of USO in the postal sector. In doing so, the agent-based modelling (ABM) approach is applied, which makes it possible to model the behaviour of boundedly rational consumers and is thus particularly appropriate for taking into account intangibles considerations. The analysis shows that loyalty is crucial to whether the USO uniform pricing constraint results in loss-making or profitability. Under certain conditions and in the presence of a loyalty parameter, uniform pricing gives a USO provider an advantage, when the size of the rural area is sufficiently big and a disadvantage, if its size is too small. This finding is counterintuitive as USO providers in countries with sparsely populated areas are typically expected to incur a significant net cost of USO.
L’obligation de service universel (USO) est souvent perçu par les industries de réseau comme un charge sur le fournisseur historique ce qui nécessite une compensation pour le coût net d’un tel fourniture de service. Cet article évalue les effets de la fidélité des consommateurs comme un avantage intangible de l’USO dans le secteur postal. Par cela, la modélisation multi-agents (GPA) est appliquée, ce qui permet de modéliser le comportement des consommateurs à rationalité limitée et qui est donc particulièrement approprié pour la prise en compte des considérations intangibles. L’analyse montre que la fidélité est essentielle pour savoir si la contrainte de prix uniforme de l’USO aboutit à la perte de décision ou de rentabilité. Sous certaines conditions et en présence d'un paramètre de fidélité, la tarification uniforme donne à un fournisseur de l’USO un avantage, lorsque la taille de la zone rurale est suffisament grande et un inconvénient, lorsque sa taille est trop petite. Ce résultat est contre-intuitif, car on attend généralement que les fournisseurs de l’USO dans les pays ayant des zones peu peuplées encourent un coût net important de l’USO.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2012, 5(7); 125-141
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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