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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    The Identification of Possible Applications of The E-Loran System
    Autorzy:
    Czaplewski, K.
    Weintrit, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320867.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
    Tematy:
    Marine Navigation
    GNSS
    PNT
    eLoran
    Positioning
    Opis:
    Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) more and more affect many areas of human activity in the world. Every day human activity around the world depends upon satellite systems for positioning, navigation and timing. As these systems are commonly used further efforts must be made to make GNSS more immune to on occurring more and more frequently incidents of jamming and spoofing. It seems that eLoran system is currently the best the technical and scientific solution to allowing for effective protection of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems. Last year the authors presented eLoran system as a potential tool for transmission of the national time signal [Curry et al., 2017]. This time the authors present abilities of additional use of the eLoran as a back-up system for GNSS.
    Globalne systemy nawigacji satelitarnej (GNSS) coraz bardziej wpływają na wiele obszarów ludzkiej działalności na świecie. Każdego dnia działalność człowieka na całym świecie zależy od satelitarnych systemów pozycyjnych. Ponieważ systemy te są powszechnie używane, należy podjąć dalsze wysiłki, aby uczynić GNSS bardziej odpornym na coraz częstsze przypadki zagłuszania i podszywania się. Wydaje się, że system eLoran jest obecnie najlepszym technicznym i naukowym rozwiązaniem umożliwiającym skuteczną ochronę globalnych systemów nawigacji satelitarnej. W ubiegłym roku autorzy przedstawili system eLoran jako potencjalne narzędzie do transmisji krajowego sygnału czasu [Curry i in., 2017]. Tym razem autorzy prezentują możliwości dodatkowego wykorzystania systemu eLoran jako systemu rezerwowego dla GNSS.
    Źródło:
    Annual of Navigation; 2018, 25; 165-186
    1640-8632
    Pojawia się w:
    Annual of Navigation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Guidelines for the coordinated enhancement of the maritime position, navigation and time data system
    Autorzy:
    Engler, E.
    Hoppe, M.
    Ritterbusch, J.
    Ehlers, T.
    Becker, C.
    Ehrke, K.-C.
    Callsen-Bracker, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135132.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    standardized PNT data products
    guidelines
    requirements
    scalability
    integrity
    reliability
    resilience
    Opis:
    Reliable knowledge of a ship’s position and movement in relation to other traffic participants and obstacles is a fundamental requirement for navigation and avoiding collisions and groundings. Consequently, the onboard provision of resilient position, navigation and time data (PNT) is emphasized by the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) e-navigation strategy, solution S3 “Improved reliability, resilience and integrity of bridge equipment and navigation information” and by the assigned risk control option RCO5 “Improved reliability and resilience of onboard PNT systems”. An initial step towards resilient PNT has been realized by the maritime community with the development of the performance standards for shipborne multi-system radionavigation receiver equipment (MRR). This MRR performance standard (PS) supports the full use of data coming from current and future radionavigation systems and services. Consequently, the combined use of several global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and the additional use of space based augmentation systems (SBAS) as well as optional terrestrial radionavigation systems (e.g. eLoran or R-Mode) will be supported to increase the performance of positioning and timing. As a second step, the development of guidelines for an onboard PNT (data processing) unit has been identified as supplementary and necessary. The starting point is the onboard use of a combination of GNSS receivers and autarkic systems (e.g. radar, gyro, echosounders with bathymetric data) for a comprehensive provision of required PNT data. Redundancy in the available data enables the application of integrity monitoring functions to evaluate the current usability of safety-critical data and components. The aim of the guidelines is the specification of data processing rules towards the resilient provision of standardized PNT data and integrity information. For this purpose, a modular architecture for an onboard PNT system is introduced and scaled to the need for data input as well as the performance of data output.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 45 (117); 44-53
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Global Positioning System: Political Support, Directions of Development, and Expectations
    Autorzy:
    Czaplewski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116087.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)
    Selective Availability
    Global Positioning System GPS
    Political Support
    Positioning
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    GPS management
    GPS modernization
    PNT Advisory Board
    Opis:
    Over the last decade the Global Positioning System has become a global, multifunctional tool which provides services that are an integral part of U.S. national security as well as the security of other highly developed countries. Economic development, transport security as well as homeland security are important elements of the global economic infrastructure. In 2000 the United States acknowledged the growing significance of GPS for civilian users and stopped intentionally degrading accuracy for non-military signals that are known as “Selective Availability”. Since then, commercial applications of satellite systems have been proliferating even more rapidly, and therefore, their importance in everyday life has greatly increased. Currently, services that depend on information obtained from the Global Positioning System are the driving force behind economic growth, economic development and the improvement in life safety. This economic development would not be possible without the financial and political support of the US government to maintain the operation of the GPS system. Therefore it is important to have knowledge about the intentions of the US government how system GPS will be developed in the future. Decisions taken in the last 3 months are the subject of this article.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2015, 9, 2; 229-232
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Interdependencies between evaluation of collision risks and performance of shipborne PNT data provision
    Zależności pomiędzy oceną ryzyka zderzeń statków a jakością danych dostarczanych przez pokładowe systemy PNT
    Autorzy:
    Banyś, P.
    Engler, E.
    Heymann, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/374043.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    PNT data
    requirements on shipborne
    accuracy
    integrity
    simulation
    AIS
    risk on incidents and accidents
    ship domain
    ship arena
    dane PNT
    wymagania na okręcie
    dokładność
    integracja
    symulacja
    ryzyko w zdarzeniach i wypadkach
    domena statku
    obszar statku
    Opis:
    The highest priority for safe ship navigation is the avoidance of collisions and groundings. For this purpose, the concept of ship domain has been introduced to describe the surrounding effective, waters which should be kept clear of other ships and obstacles. In the last decades, a large variety of ship domains have been developed differing in the applied method of their determination as well as in the modelled shape, size, and safety areas. However, a ship domain should be adjusted in real time to enable a reliable evaluation of collision risks by the officers of the watch. Until today in discussions about modelling and utilization of ship domains, it has been mostly unnoticed that the performance of vessel’s position (P), navigation (N), and timing data (T) ultimately determines the accuracy and integrity of indicated ship domain. This paper addresses this question, and starts with a comprehensive analysis of AIS data to prove the violation of ship domains in the maritime practice. A simulation system has been developed to enable, for the first time, investigation into the extent inaccuracies in PNT data result to a faulty evaluation of collision risks. The simulation results have shown that there is a non-negligible risk of not detecting a collision, if inaccuracies of sensor data remain unnoticed.
    Zapobieganiu wypadkom na morzu przyznaje się najwyższy priorytet w ramach bezpiecznego prowadzenia statku. Dla poprawy bezpieczeństwa żeglugi stworzono koncepcję domeny statku. Definiuje ona taki obszar wokół jednostki pływającej, w którym nie powinno być ani żadnych innych uczestników ruchu morskiego, ani przeszkód. Na przestrzeni minionych dziesięcioleci powstały rozmaite domeny statku różniące się między sobą sposobem ich definiowania, modelowaniem kształtu, rozmiarem czy strefami bezpieczeństwa. Istotnym warunkiem do należytej oceny ryzyka kolizji jest umożliwienie oficerowi wachtowemu dopasowania w czasie rzeczywistym domeny statku do panujących warunków. W dotychczasowych dyskusjach na temat modelowania i stosowania domeny statku przeważnie pomijano istotną zależność pomiędzy dokładnością pozycji statku (P), wektora ruchu (N) oraz znacznika czasu (T) a dokładnością i spójnością domeny statku. W niniejszym artykule poruszono kwestię powyższego związku. Na wstępie przeprowadzono dogłębną analizę danych AIS i dowiedziono się, że naruszanie domeny statku ma miejsce w praktyce żeglugowej. Ponadto opracowano system symulacyjny, który po raz pierwszy umożliwia badanie wpływu niedokładności danych PNT na błędność oceny ryzyka kolizji. Wyniki symulacji potwierdziły, że istnieje poważna możliwość niewykrycia groźnej sytuacji zbliżeniowej, jeżeli pozostanie niedostateczna dokładność czujników pokładowych niezauważona.
    Źródło:
    Transport Problems; 2016, 11, 4; 151-165
    1896-0596
    2300-861X
    Pojawia się w:
    Transport Problems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Availability of maritime radio beacon signals for R-Mode in the Southern Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Gewies, S.
    Grundhöfer, L.
    Hehenkamp, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116740.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    radio navigation
    radio beacon
    R-Mode
    Southern Baltic Sea
    radio beacon Signals
    maritime radio beacon
    ranging mode
    positioning
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    Opis:
    This paper presents an overview of the development of a terrestrial positioning system called Ranging Mode (R-Mode) in the Southern Baltic Sea region which utilizes already existing maritime radio infrastructure. Here, an R-Mode testbed is planned to be set up until 2020 that meets maritime user needs for resilient PNT. First measurements of radio beacon signals on-board a vessel sailing in the Southern Baltic Sea show the good availability of beacon signals in this region. A comparison of received signals with a coverage prediction based on the nominal range of radio beacons shows the shortcoming of this approach and emphasizes the need for more elaborated coverage predictions which consider all effects of medium frequency wave propagation at day and night. In the measurements results the skywave has a major impact on the beacon signal stability in the night. The time stability of the signal amplitude seems to be a good indicator for disturbed reception conditions.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 1; 170-163
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SBAS/EGNOS enabled devices in maritime
    Autorzy:
    López, M.
    Anton, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117186.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    accuracy
    EGNOS-Enabled Navigation
    AIS transponders
    SGNSS
    position
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)
    EGNOS
    Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
    Opis:
    Nowadays, it is a fact that Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become the primary means of obtaining Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) information at sea. Most of the ships in the world are equipped with GNSS receivers. And currently these users take advantage of different augmentation systems such as DGNSS or SBAS/EGNOS, as they provide an adequate answer, especially in terms of accuracy and integrity. To take advantage of this improved accuracy, direct access to EGNOS in vessels can be achieved through EGNOS-enabled navigation receivers and EGNOS-enabled AIS transponders. Therefore, the natural question is: Are those GNSS receivers SBAS (EGNOS) enabled? In most cases they are; SBAS is being used. This paper provides an analysis of the number of onboard devices, mainly devoted to navigation purposes and AIS transponders, which are SBAS compatible.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 1; 23-27
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Foundations of GNSS spoofing detection and mitigation with distributed GNSS SDR receiver
    Autorzy:
    Filić, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117522.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
    positioning
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    cyber attack
    Spoofing Detection and Mitigation (SDM)
    GNSS SDM
    spoofing
    GNSS receiver
    GNSS spoofing attack
    Opis:
    GNSS spoofing is an intentional and malicious action aimed at degrading and suppressing GNSS Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services. Since it affects data and information segment of GNSS, it is considered a GNSS information (cyber‐) security attack. Considering a significant and powerful threat, GNSS spoofing should be treated seriously to avoid damage and liabilities resulting from disruptions of GNSS PNT services. Here the GNSS position estimation procedure is examined for potential vulnerabilities, and the nature of and motivation for GNSS spoofing attacks exloiting the vulnerabilities assessed. A novel GNSS Spoofing Detection and Mitigation (GNSS SDM) method is proposed within the established computational and communication infrastructure, that allows for successful overcoming and classification of GNSS spoofing attacks. Proposed method is applicable without requirements for core GNSS modification, and leaves majority of user equipment easily transferable to the GNSS spoofing‐free environment. Potential GNSS spoofing effects and GNSS anti‐spoofing opportunities in maritime sector were given a particular attention.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 4; 649-656
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Efficiency of MEMS inertial sensors used in low-dynamics application
    Autorzy:
    Szumski, A.
    Eissfeller, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117053.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (FOG)
    Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)
    gyrocompassing
    Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)
    inertial systems
    Inertial Navigation Systems (INS)
    Allan standard deviation
    Opis:
    The analysis presents the performance of navigation application driven with MEMS and FOG inertial sensors. The inertial sensors were working under conditions simulating a potential robotic mission, which reduce accuracy of some of the navigation applications. Empirical results of the test confirm degradation of the navigation system performance in the presented demanding mission. Influence of the testing conditions and of the inertial sensor technology is presented and discussed in the paper.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2017, 11, 2; 221-226
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of tropospheric contribution to GPS positioning error during tropospheric cyclone Marcus in 2018
    Autorzy:
    Sikirica, N.
    Horvat, M.
    Špoljar, D.
    Rumora, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116217.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
    Global Positioning System (GPS)
    cyclone Marcus
    positioning
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    Port Darwin
    NASA Earth Observatory
    tropospheric correction
    Software-Defined Radio (SDR)
    Opis:
    GNSS positioning performance assessment is essential for sustainable development of a growing number of GNSS-based technology and socio-economic applications. Case-studies of GNSS positioning performance in critical environments and applications scenarios reveals vulnerabilities of the GNSS Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services, and suggest mitigation techniques and GNSS application risk containment. Here we address the case of GPS positioning performance during a devastating tropical cyclone Marcus that hit the greater area of the city of Darwin, Australia in 2018. We identified specific statistical properties of time series of tropospheric contribution to GPS northing, easting, and vertical positioning error that may contribute to understanding of tropospheric effects on GPS positioning performance during a massive weather deterioration in maritime and coastal areas, and analysed their adversarial effects on GNSS-based maritime applications.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 2; 343-348
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The concept of time in navigation
    Autorzy:
    Weintrit, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116645.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    time
    marine navigation
    positioning
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
    Universal Time Coordinated (UTC)
    International Atomic Time TAI
    Global Navigation Satellite System
    history of navigation
    Opis:
    The article discusses the concept of time in navigation, especially in marine navigation, as well as selected time measures, among others: Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), Universal Time Coordinated (UTC), International Atomic Time TAI (Temps Atomique International), GPST (Global Positioning System Time) eLoran Time and interrelation between these measures. Understanding how time is involved in navigation, and using it, is one of the navigator's most important duties. Nowadays we have satellite navigation to help us know where we are. These satellites contain several very precise and accurate clocks, because time and location are completely and totally inter-related in satellite navigation. There is growing interest internationally concerning the vulnerability Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to natural and man-made interference, plus the jamming and spoofing of their transmissions. These vulnerabilities have led to a demand for sources of resilient PNT (Positioning, Navigation and Timing) [16], including a robust means of distributing precise time nationally and internationally.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2017, 11, 2; 209-219
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Reconstruction of geomagnetic event as observed in Northern Adriatic region and Its correlation with GPS single-frequency positioning deviations
    Autorzy:
    Brčić, D.
    Ćelić, J.
    Valčić, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116009.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
    geomagnetic event
    Northern Adriatic
    Global Positioning System (GPS)
    positioning deviations
    positioning
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    Total Electron Content (TEC)
    Classification and Regression Trees (CART)
    Opis:
    Space weather effects are generally recognized as causes of degradation of satellite positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services. We analyze GPS position estimation error during a geomagnetic storm, focusing on manifestations of geomagnetic processes. The position estimation error was analyzed in terms of GPS coordinates’ deviations (latitude, longitude and height) from their reference values. The storm’s impact was studied in the Northern Adriatic region where GPS observables from two Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) reference stations were analysed. Geomagnetic indices were elaborated, comprising readings from interplanetary, magnetospheric and geomagnetic observatories. Total Electron Content (TEC) on both stations was computed using dual frequency GPS pseudorange observables. The experiment was to reconstruct the movement of geomagnetic disturbances entering the geospace, reaching the earth’s surface. The aim was to correlate possible space weather manifestation on satellite positioning performance in terms of positioning error. Regularities in changes in positioning deviations were identified with relation to influential indices. The research offered a possibility of experimental positioning deviations assessment as well as forecasting. Evaluation of generated rudimentary Classification and Regression Trees (CART) models showed that the risk of satellite positioning errors could be assessed and predicted considering absolutes, as well as changes in values of geomagnetic indices. During the research process, several activities emerged as preferable continuation of the work, with the aim of further development of predictive models and the complement of space weather scenarios and their consequences on navigational systems. Along with summarized results, they are outlined in the conclusion section.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 2; 349-357
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    GNSS positioning error change-point detection in GNSS Positioning Performance Modelling
    Autorzy:
    Filić, M.
    Filjar, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117469.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
    positioning
    Navigation and Timing (PNT)
    GNSS Positioning Performance Modelling
    GNSS Positioning Error Change-point Detection
    GNSS Positioning Performance
    GNSS Resilience
    GNSS Utilisation Risk Mitigation
    GNSS Positioning Performance Degradation
    Opis:
    Provision of uninterrupted and robust Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services is essential task of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) as an enabling technology for numerous technology and socio-economic applications, a cornerstone of the modern civilisation, a public goods, and an essential component of a national infrastructure. GNSS resilience may be accomplished only with complete understanding of the causes of GNSS positioning performance disruptions and degradations, presented in a form of applications- and scenarios-related models. Here the application of change-point detection methods is proposed and demonstrated in a selected scenario of a fast-developing ionospheric storm’s impact on GNSS positioning performance, as a novel contribution to forecasting GNSS positioning performance model development and GNSS utilisation risk mitigation.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 3; 575-579
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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