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Tytuł:
Nominalist re-turn in contemporary art
Zwrót / powrót nominalizmu w sztuce współczesnej
Autorzy:
Schollenberger, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/593891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
nominalism
feeling
sensus communis
Kant, Duchamp
de Duve.
nominalizm
uczucie
Kant
Duchamp
Opis:
Hans Blumenberg has shown (Die Legitimität der Neuzeit) that the appearance of nominalism in the debates of the Middle Ages had laid grounds for modernity. Nominalism assumes that only individual, concrete objects exist and that common properties are not grounded in any kind of supra-individual properties or relations that would exist independently of what is singular. In Thierry de Duve’s interpretation, “pictorial nominalism” of Duchamp puts stress on a particular or a singular name, stops the process of reference and shows its “plastic being”. This aesthetic idea opens up a new field that we now call “art”, where art becomes a “proper name”. I would like to follow his analysis, but also to re-think it the context of the present, to explore the specificity of the nominalist re-turn in contemporary art. The contemporary aesthetic experience of art as such is nominalist in the sense I would like to examine in this article.
Hans Blumenberg pokazał w swojej Die Legitimität der Neuzeit, w jaki sposób pojawienie się nominalizmu w średniowiecznych debatach położyło podwaliny pod nowoczesność. Nominalizm zakłada, że tym, co istnieje są jedynie pojedyncze, konkretne rzeczy, a wspólne własności nie są osadzone w jakichś innych ponad-indywidualnych własnościach, czy relacjach, które mogłyby istnieć niezależnie od tego, co jednostkowe. W interpretacji Thierry de Duve’a „nominalizm pikturalny” Duchampa kładzie nacisk na jednostkowe imię, zatrzymuje proces odniesienia i ukazuje jego „plastyczne istnienie”. Ta idea estetyczna otwiera całkowicie nowy obszar, który określamy współcześnie mianem „sztuki”, gdzie sztuka staje się „nazwą własną”. W artykule pragnę prześledzić tę analizę, jak również chcę ją przemyśleć w kontekście współczesności, by odpowiedzieć na pytanie o charakter nominalistycznego zwrotu/powrotu w sztuce współczesnej. W tym rozumieniu współczesność charakterystyczna dla doświadczenia estetycznego okazuje się nominalistyczna w sensie, który zamierzam wypracować w artykule.
Źródło:
Art Inquiry. Recherches sur les arts; 2015, 17; 69-82
1641-9278
Pojawia się w:
Art Inquiry. Recherches sur les arts
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Significance of ontic duty
Autorzy:
Moń, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1070336.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
value
duty
Kant’s law
Opis:
What are the relationships between value and duty? Which ontic status has a duty and why? This article aims at clarifying these concepts. It is indicated that in Kant’s writings, we come across texts that enable a slightly different interpretation of his philosophy. And so: the ma%er of good will is the goals themselves; good will must act according to the maxim that the members of the kingdom of goals follow. And this is a moral good since the highest principle of morality is the desire for autonomy of will. Thus, the form of universal legislation is a community of autonomous beings in which the humanity of each of them is realized. In such a community, the a priori content – the content of an ethical reality – is created. It can be said that relationships between people are various forms of ontic status of a duty.
Źródło:
Studia Philosophiae Christianae; 2020, 56, S2; 159-171
0585-5470
Pojawia się w:
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Image and Imagination in Paul Ricoeur’s Metaphor Theory
Autorzy:
Weichert, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451339.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
metaphor
imagination
schema
Ricoeur
Kant
Opis:
Paul Ricoeur uncovered the creative aspect of language in his theory of metaphor. The metaphor is a special combination of words that as a clash of distant semantic fields forces the reader to interpret the sentence in a new way and see things in a new light. It is a process in which the imagination plays an important role. Ricoeur compares the metaphor to the Kantian schema which is a procedure to provide an image to a concept. The image helps in the process of assimilating distant elements and thus to achieve a new interpretation. To change perspective the suspension of reference (imaginary neutralization) is also needed. The aim of this essay is to analyze the imaginative functions which are operative in the metaphor and look for an answer to the question about the role of the imagination as a productive power as well as a power of internal intuitions.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2019, 3, 1(7); 64-77
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Post-Kantian Perfectionism. A Study in the Political Thought of German Idealism, from Leibniz to Marx
Autorzy:
Moggach, Douglas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079461.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-07-30
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
Perfectionism
freedom
Kant
post-Kantians
Opis:
This paper summarizes the major themes of my current monograph project and my recent co-edited volume on post-Kantian perfectionism. The central thesis is that Kant’s critique of rational heteronomy in the Groundwork effectively ruled out certain types of perfectionist ethics and their corresponding political applications, notably the programmes of Christian Wolff and his school, which were dominant in the German territories in the mid- to late eighteenth century. Kant’s critiques did not, however, preclude the emergence of a new type of perfectionism, no longer based on the state-sponsored promotion of eudaimonia or material, intellectual, and spiritual thriving, but on the advancement of freedom and the conditions for its exercise. Predicated on the idea of right, post-Kantian perfectionism focuses on maintaining and enhancing the juridical, political, and economic conditions for rightful interaction among self-defining individuals. Humboldt, Schiller, Fichte, Hegel, and the Hegelian School exemplify this new approach in different ways. Marx’s problematic relation to this tradition is outlined.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2022, 13, 26; 128-153
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Validity of Aesthetic Judgments: George Santayana’s Polemics with Tradition
Autorzy:
Grzeliński, Adam
Bednarek, Stefan
Rabiej, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/1013023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
aesthetic judgement
aesthetic experience
Santayana
Kant
Opis:
The paper discusses issues of the validity of aesthetic judgements in the concept of George Santayana, the author of The Sense of Beauty and Reason in Art. Although Santayana places aesthetic experience as well as experience as such at the center of his analyses, and explicitly opposes the view that aesthetic judgements are supra-individual, I endeavor to demonstrate that his concept is not necessarily contrary to the achievements of 18th-century aesthetics proclaiming the validity of judgements of taste (Shaftesbury, D. Hume, E. Burke or I. Kant). It is true that Santayana’s multifaceted understanding of beauty reveals the limitations of Kant’s aesthetics, but nevertheless, it does not contradict its achievements. The differentiation he made between the beauty of matter, form, and expression suggests a dual meaning of the validity of aesthetic judgements, on the one hand pointing to their universality while on the other referring to the ideals of reason whose sensual representation is available in works of art.
Źródło:
Truth and Falsehood in Science and the Arts; 101-114
9788323542209
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kant on ethics and politics
Autorzy:
Ramet, Sabrina P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041586.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Immanuel Kant
religion
ethics
politics
philosophy
Opis:
Best known for his ethical works, Immanuel Kant was part of the liberal Enlightenment and addressed most of the principal political issues of his day. Several of his major works were written in the wake of the storming of the Bastille in Paris, while Europe was engaged in the French Revolutionary Wars. His rejection of revolution but endorsement of the principles for which the French revolutionaries were fighting, as well as his plea for a federation of European states that would settle disputes peacefully, reflected his engagement with the controversies raised by the Revolution. But, although he could not countenance revolution, he declared that, once a revolutionary government has succeeded in establishing itself, citizens should obey the new government, rather than try to restore the ousted authorities.
Źródło:
Eastern Review; 2019, 8; 183-199
1427-9657
2451-2567
Pojawia się w:
Eastern Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Why We Are Not “Persons”
Autorzy:
Cottingham, John
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451419.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-04-27
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
person
human
soul
Aristotle
Descartes
Locke
Kant
Opis:
To the question “What are we?”, the common-sense answer is “human beings”; but many philosophers prefer to say we are “persons”. This paper argues that the philosophical use of “person” (to mean, roughly, a conscious, rational agent) is problematic. It takes us away from the sound Aristotelian idea that our biological nature is essential to what we are, and towards the suspect Lockean idea that a person could migrate from one body to another. This dualistic Lockean conception is often laid at Descartes’s door, but Descartes himself in many passages underlines our status as human beings. There is a further danger in the idea of personhood as rational agency if (following Kant) it is seen as that which makes someone worthy of moral respect. Respect should be recognized as an inalienable and absolute human entitlement, independent of our circumstances, capacities, group-membership, qualifications or faculties.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2018, 2, 1(3); 5-16
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What Is Dignity?
Autorzy:
Herrman, Charles
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451415.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-10-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
dignity
honor
culture
virtue ethics
consequentialism
Kant
Opis:
It stands to reason that a criterion is needed that can serve as a common denominator for weighing or assessing different values or ideals. Dignity is offered as a possible candidate, to be presented from religio-legal and cross-cultural vantages. A definition will be offered for dignity and its parts defended throughout the paper. The approach is not only not rigorously analytic – there are no case studies – but is instead a presentation of topic areas where we should expect to find the concept of dignity to be relevant. Utilizing a rights-moral and duties-ethical framework, it is in essence an argument for further elevating the prestige of dignity so that it might provide a widely-accepted groundwork for ethics and morality. .
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2019, 3, 3(9); 103-126
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transcendental Philosophy, The History of Psychology Kant and Freud.
Autorzy:
James, Michael R.D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038121.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
philosophy
education
psychology
human science
kant
freud
Opis:
Kant is not generally recognised to be an Aristotelian hylomorphic Philosopher because of his extension of logic into Philosophical Psychology in the form of Transcendental Logic. This extension is a natural articulation of hylomorphic metaphysics. Aristotle’s 4 kinds of change, 3 principles, and 4 “causes” are all transformed into the Kantian system of categories of judgement and also transposed into the faculties of sensibility, understanding, and reason. The principles of noncontradiction and sufficient reason obviously have origins in Aristotelian logic and Metaphysics. Freud claims that he is writing the Psychology that Kant would have written had he written subsequent to the “divorce” between Philosophy and Psychology in 1870 but it is clear that Freud too must be considered a hylomorphic Psychologist. This latter claim must be true if it is the case that Kant can be regarded, a hylomorphic Philosopher. Freud regards Consciousness and psychological residues (rituals) that we find in institutions as vicissitudes of Instinct. Instinct is here of course a philosophical concept possessing an aim, an object, a bodily source and a demand for motor activity. Early vicissitudes of instincts are narcissistically based and give rise the genesis of a strong ego under favourable circumstances. Freudian theory correctly interpreted ought to give rise to ethical theory of the type we find in Kant. This is a requirement for theories that we find in the arena of transcendental psychology.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2020, 22; 155-180
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantum Meta-physics: Nonlocality and Limits of Determinism
Autorzy:
Wesół, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26917595.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
determinism
quantum mechanics
nonlocality
free will
Kant
Opis:
This essay aims to show that the recent development of quantum theory may provide us with an answer to one of the most compelling metaphysical problems, namely the problem of determinism. First, I sketch the conceptual background and draw the distinction between metaphysical and epistemological determinisms. Then, on the ground of the analysis of the problem of determinism in quantum mechanics, I argue that (1) metaphysical determinism is independent of quantum-mechanical formalism, and (2) that quantum nonlocality makes epistemological determinism impossible. I also try to show that metaphysical determinism should be regarded as a Kantian regulative idea which sets the horizon for scientific inquiry but which at the same time lacks what Kant calls “objective validity.” The main conclusion is that metaphysical determinism should be regarded as an idealization – a formal, cognitive principle that we a priori assume and not something that we discover through scientific inquiry.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2023, 7, 4; 14-25
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artistic Research: Delusions, Confusions and Differentiations
Autorzy:
Früchtl, Josef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-07-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
artistic research
philosophical aesthetics
non-propositional knowledge
Kant
Opis:
Concerning artistic research, the state of affairs is still one of delusions and confusions. The reason for this is the pluralization and dedifferentiation of rationality pushed forward by the postmodern period. The way out of it is the way of differentiations. Thus, it seems helpful, first, to remember what we already have in philosophical aesthetics, namely four basic models of art and knowledge. The question, then, is whether artistic research fits into (one of) these models. To my mind, it does – though in a new way. Secondly, it is helpful to have a short sober sociological look at the situation. Finally, we have to ask the question about the kind of research that is at stake in artistic research. Here, the meaning of non-propositional knowledge and Kant’s idea of an as-if-knowledge is useful. All in all, artistic research still fails in giving a sufficient explanation of itself.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2019, 3, 2(8); 124-134
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Freedom, Symmetry Breaking and Reflective Judgements. An Attempt at an Incompatibilist Account of Freedom
Autorzy:
Poręba, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451455.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09-02
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
determinism
free will
freedom
incompatibilism
Kant
reflective judgement
Opis:
In this paper free volitions are construed as a subclass of reflective judgements in the Kantian meaning, i.e. judgements not involving any fixed concepts but displaying a concept-like form. Judgements expressing volitions and issuing in action may be termed volitional judgements, therefore free volitions are construed as reflective volitional judgements. Due to an element of conceptual novelty and the fact that in a reflective judgement volition gets conceptually fixed out of an unstable equilibrium between different conceptualizations, free volitions thus construed seem to be apt candidates for causally undetermined events.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2017, 1, 1; 67-75
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reflective Judgment and Symbolic Functions: On the Possibility of a Phenomenology of Person
Autorzy:
Kemling, Jared
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-04-27
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
Cassirer
Kant
reflective judgment
personalism
phenomenology
transcendental anthropology
Opis:
The following paper seeks to examine whether, from the standpoint of a transcendental idealist, it is possible to have a phenomenology that can adequately disclose the nature and activity of person. First I establish that symbols are intuitive concretizations of the activity of person/Geist, and thus symbols are available to phenom- enological description. Then I raise the question of whether reflective judgment can be understood as a part of a possible phenomenology. I come to the conclusion that yes, the process of reflective judgment is phenomenologically available; reflective judgment offers an experience of “what it is like to be a person” (meaning a transcendental process of symbol creation). However, it is clear that reflective judgment must borrow a rule from phenomenal/determinate experience in order to imaginatively analogize the transcendental creativity of person. Thus, all that is available to phenomenology is an analogy of being person, and not person itself.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2018, 2, 1(3); 40-53
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The relationship between will and reason in the moral philosophies of Kant and Aquinas
Autorzy:
Rowan, Anna M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/426631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Aquinas
Kant
will
reason
ontological foundation of moral action
Opis:
Both Kant and Aquinas ground moral action in reason and will; however, this seems to be the end of the similarity in their approaches with respect to the role of reason and will in moral action. The goal of this essay is to show that Aquinas’ notion of the will as the rational appetite is superior to Kant’s notion of good will in providing the foundation for moral action. To this effect, I analyze the relationship between will and reason in their moral philosophies. I discuss Kant’s notion of will in both its moral and phenomenal modes, and Aquinas’ notion of will as the rational appetite and of human act. I argue that Aquinas’s notion of will and moral act is superior to that of Kant for several reasons. First and foremost, the notion of morally worthy action accommodates human nature with its inclinations, tendencies, and desires. It is not divorced from human physical and emotional nature. Second, in contrast to Kant’s will, Aquinas’s will retains its own identity. That is, it avails itself of reason’s search for truth and meaning, yet it does not collapse into reason, specifically logic. Third, Aquinas’ will is dynamic. In contrast to Kant’s, which in order to be moral simply follows the laws of logic, Aquinas’ will desires the good and propels a person to action. Finally, Aquinas’ notion of human act, in the sense that it involves both the counsel of reason and will’s capacity to desire the good, offers a more holistic understanding of human moral act and its possible consequences. In contrast to Kant’s will’s rigid command to obey the law, Aquinas’ notion of will and human act also gives reasons why we need to be moral. We must act morally, not only because our action would otherwise be self-contradictory or not live up to the letter of the law, but because our choices and our actions have real consequences in the world.
Źródło:
Logos i Ethos; 2015, 1(38); 93-130
0867-8308
Pojawia się w:
Logos i Ethos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dialektyka dyskursu i intuicji w filozofowaniu Karla Jaspersa
Autorzy:
Barcik, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/705398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-03-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dyskurs
intuicja
dialektyka
ruch myśli
K. Jaspers
I. Kant
Opis:
W artykule prezentuję poglądy Karla Jaspersa na temat dyskursu i intuicji. Obie zdolności ludzkiego poznawania nie są tu rozumiane oddzielnie, lecz łączą się razem, gdy ludzie filozofują. Innymi słowy, filozofia potrzebuje ich obu, chociaż ich wzajemna relacja wcale nie jest prosta do wyjaśnienia. Jest bardziej dialektyczna niż analityczna. W artykule porównuję stanowisko Jaspersa i Kanta, ponieważ Jaspers był w dużej mierze zależny od Kantowskich rozstrzygnięć, ale w omawianej sprawie nie zgadzał się do końca z Kantem.
Źródło:
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria; 2013, 1; 351-362
1230-1493
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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