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Tytuł:
Passing beam visibility distance - technical possibilities, legal requirements and road safety
Autorzy:
Targosiński, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247059.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
traffic safety
visibility
headlighting
Opis:
Night-time visibility is essential for road traffic safety. It depends mostly on quantity of light falling on the objects important to be seen to avoid collision. The relatively simple and easily understood criterion for quality of passing beam is visibility distance. In fact visibility distance of driver using headlamps is a much more complicated function of many factors such as design of headlamp, light source used, mounting height, aiming, change of beam pattern inclination during change of vehicle load. From point of view of legal requirements it is important to meet all requirements concerning all mentioned factors. But the problem is that there are separate legal requirements for light sources, headlighting systems and mounting conditions on vehicle. Final visibility distance is significantly influenced by coincidence of all this performances but also by visual possibilities of driver and road conditions. The process of requirements creation is complicated. A number of experts work on them for a long time. It is influenced by technical progress, market needs, level of knowledge and experience. . In this paper author describes influence of important factors for present state of possible and real visibility distances in dependence on technical design, kind of light source used and way of creation of type approval requirements and propose improved concept for aiming and levelling.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 511-517
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Global satellite navigation systems at high latitudes, visibility and geometry
Autorzy:
Januszewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
Tematy:
satellite navigation system
visibility of satellites
geometry of the system
Opis:
Since few years the significance of the navigation at high latitudes (60° and more), increases incessantly, e.g. northern passages between Atlantic and Pacific Waters. In these regions the user’s position can be obtained mainly from global satellite navigation systems (SNS). Nowadays (September 2016) two systems, American GPS and Russian GLONASS, are fully operational, two next, Galileo in Europe and BeiDou in China, are under construction. As the error of user’s position obtained from these systems depends on geometry factor DOP (Dilution Of Precision) among other things the knowledge of the number of satellites visible by this user above given masking elevation angle Hmin and the distributions of DOP coefficient values, GDOP in particular, is very important. The lowest and the greatest number of satellites visible in open area by the user at high latitudes for different Hmin, the percentage of satellites visible above angle H, distributions of satellites azimuths and GDOP coefficient values for different Hmin for all these four SNSs at different user’s latitudes (beginning from 60°) and other distributions are presented in the paper. All calculations were made for constellation of BeiDou 27 MEO satellites, Galileo 24 satellites, GLONASS 24 and GPS 31 satellites.
Od kilku lat znaczenie nawigacji na dużych szerokościach geograficznych (60° i wyższych) wzrasta nieprzerwanie, np. przejście północne łączące Atlantyk i Ocean Spokojny. W tych rejonach współrzędne użytkownika mogą zostać określone głównie za pomocą globalnych nawigacyjnych systemów satelitarnych (NSS). Obecnie (sierpień 2016) w pełni operacyjne są dwa systemy — amerykański GPS i rosyjski GLONASS, dwa kolejne są w budowie — Galileo w Europie i BeiDou w Chinach. Z uwagi na to, że błąd pozycji użytkownika określonej za pomocą tych systemów zależy również od współczynnika geometrycznego DOP, bardzo istotna jest znajomość liczby satelitów widocznych przez użytkownika powyżej przyjętej wysokości Hmin oraz rozkładu współczynnika DOP, w szczególności GDOP. W artykule omówiono najmniejszą i największą liczbę satelitów widocznych powyżej danej Hmin, procent satelitów widocznych powyżej danej H, procentowy rozkład azymutów satelitów oraz współczynnika GDOP na różnych szerokościach dla wszystkich czterech globalnych NSS. Obliczenia zostały zrealizowane przy założeniu, że system BeiDou liczy 27 satelitów, system Galileo 24 satelity, GLONASS 24 satelity, GPS zaś 31 satelitów.
Źródło:
Annual of Navigation; 2016, 23; 89-102
1640-8632
Pojawia się w:
Annual of Navigation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The retrofitting of trucks already being in use in Poland in a range of the indirect visibility
Autorzy:
Olejnik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243921.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
safety
transport
visibility
Opis:
The paper discusses the need of additional equipment of trucks which are already being in use in Poland with the devices of the indirect visibility which enable to observe much bigger area in the neighbourhood of the vehicle. A large number of accidents are caused by drivers of larger vehicles who are not aware that other road users are very close to or beside their own vehicle. These accidents are often related to a change of direction at crossings, junctions or roundabouts, when drivers fail to detect other road users in the blind spots, which exist in the immediate area around their vehicles. The increase of the indirect visibility from the driver's seat improves safety of the participants in the road traffic. Over 400 people lost their life in the EU in of these accidents. Most of the victims of such accidents are pedestrians or two-wheelers, a particularly vulnerable category of road users. Implementation of the EU Directive 2003/97 (which is obligatory for the new vehicles) to the vehicles earlier registered can be done by replacement and installment of the new mirrors which contain bigger areas. This paper shows the results of the research on the independence of minimum dimensions (s, w) of mirrors class V and its placement on values of radius of curvature. It contains much bigger area than it is due to demands. Author also made a proposition on how to solve the problem of the limited visibility on the inclined crossing of roads and on enlarged crossing while turning left.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 357-364
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ship Domain in Various Visibility Conditions in Restricted Waters
Autorzy:
Pietrzykowski, Z.
Siemianowicz, M.
Wielgosz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320927.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Forum Nawigacyjne
Tematy:
navigational safety
restricted area
ship domain
visibility conditions
Opis:
Ship domain is one of navigational safety assessment criteria. Its shape and size depend on many factors, including visibility. This article examines the influence of visibility on the shape and dimensions of ship domain in restricted waters. The research was conducted using a simulator of the ECDIS system with the participation of experts’ navigators. The domains of ships in good and restricted visibility have been compared.
Domena statku jest jednym z nawigacyjnych kryteriów oceny bezpieczeństwa. Jej kształt i rozmiar zależą od wielu czynników, włączając widzialność. W artykule zreferowano badania nad wpływem widzialności na kształt i rozmiary domeny statku na wodach ograniczonych. Badania były prowadzone z użyciem symulatora systemu ECDIS z udziałem nawigatorów ekspertów. Przedstawiono porównanie domen statków w warunkach dobrej i ograniczonej widzialności.
Źródło:
Annual of Navigation; 2018, 25; 41-50
1640-8632
Pojawia się w:
Annual of Navigation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Infrared Sensor to Predict Atmospheric Visibility and Rainfall Rate
Autorzy:
Holejko, K.
Czarnecki, T.
Perlicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227162.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
light scattering
atmospheric visibility
rainfall rate
rain gauge
Opis:
The presented paper describes an instrument called Aurometer which was designed for both atmospheric visibility and rainfall rate measurement. The principle of operation of Aurometer is based on determining the amount of light scatteredby particles in the air that passes through the sample volume. The achieved results show that simultaneous estimation of the atmospheric visibility.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2013, 59, 2; 109-112
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The estimation of the increased limitation of the visibility in the light commercial vehicles
Autorzy:
Olejnik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
maintenance
demands
visibility
construction of the car
Opis:
In the report there is discussed the problem of changing demands in the binding rules concerning the technical conditions. During maintenance, the lack of information from the surrounding of the vehicle is one of the reasons of collisions and accidents. There is a radical limitation of unobstructed observation of the whole area surrounding trucks of N1 category in comparison to the car of M1 category. Vehicles which have the same body and which are designed to transport people - M1 category or load – N1 category, they have different equipment, such as side glazing and back walls. Those who are driving these vehicles do not have comparable and identical visibility. The open loadcarrying body in the truck creates the screen obscuring of the big part of the vehicle's surrounding which precludes the direct observation of the considerable area. The devices of the indirect visibility enable to observe only the part of the area, which is directly invisible. There is an important need to change the regulation as far as construction and vehicles equipment is concerned. This paper offers the change of the philosophy of the regulations requirements in the area of visibility. Technical progress and development in the area of visual transfer devices helps to use them in the vehicles in order to improve the possibility of observing the surrounding of the vehicle. There is no reason to tolerate the worse visual transfer in the vehicles N1 category.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 513-518
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Visibility determination in beam tracing with application for real-time sound simulation
Autorzy:
Pałka, S.
Głut, B.
Ziółko, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/305801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
beam tracing
adaptive frustum
visibility determination
Opis:
This work presents some aspects of beam-tracing techniques used in sound simulation. The Adaptive Frustum algorithm, which was designed for detecting obstacles using beam subdivision, was reviewed for its efficiency as well as its accuracy. Some possible improvements have been suggested; however, they do not fully solve the problems of using this algorithm in real-time applications. Improved algorithm implementation was tested in five scenes with different characteristics and varying complexity.
Źródło:
Computer Science; 2014, 15 (2); 197-214
1508-2806
2300-7036
Pojawia się w:
Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Window of Visibility in the Display and Capture Process
Autorzy:
Xiong, F.
Zhai, G.
Zhang, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227288.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
window of visibility
WoV
DLP
temporal psychovisual modulation
TPVM
Opis:
In normal conditions, the Critical Flicker Frequency is usually 60Hz. But in some special conditions, such as low spatial frequency and high contrast between frames, these special conditions have high probability to occur in some TPVM-based applications. So it’s extremely important to verify if a visual signal with a combination of temporal and spatial frequency can be recognize by human eyes. Based on the research in the last paper ’ ’Window of Visibility’ inspired security lighting system’, this paper introduces the measuring method of WoV of human eyes. In this paper we will measure critical flicker frequency in low spatial frequency and high contrast conditions, and we can witness a different conclusion from the normal conditions.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2018, 64, 3; 315-320
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does the Artist Need to Be Present? The “Paradigm of Visibility” and Art Practices in Public Space
Autorzy:
Białkowski, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/665828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Marina Abramović
visibility
public space
artworld
Opis:
The thesis of my paper is that art participatory practices in public space have a paradoxical potential to avoid a paradigm of visibility. What I call the paradigm of visibility is a formula of social presence of art which is based on a necessity of occupying a certain physical or symbolical space and an effort to sustain it. This kind of public presence of art is traditionally considered to be a guarantee of its value in terms of both artistic and social legitimisation. A question arises if this formula has an alternative. It seems that participatory art practices in public space – focused on production of objects and searching for social impact and social efficacy – can formulate a different model of presence of art (of its production and distribution) than object-based art.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica; 2017, 30; 111-119
0208-6107
2353-9631
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica – Aesthetica – Practica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyclists’ safety in the conditions of insufficient visibility
Bezpieczeństwo rowerzystów w warunkach niedostatecznej widoczności
Autorzy:
Wrona, J.
Wrona, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
cyclists
insufficient visibility
road safety
rowerzyści
niedostateczna widoczność
bezpieczeństwo drogowe
Opis:
The article refers to the problem of the safety of cyclists riding on a road in the conditions of insufficient visibility. The author presents the relevant legal regulations setting out the rules for cyclists using the roads and the requirements concerning the technical equipment of the bicycles. Three examples of fatal road accidents involving cyclists are presented. The article ends with the conclusions emphasizing the hazard posed by the incidents involving cyclists that results directly from the lack of sufficient lighting of the bicycles.
W publikacji podniesiono problem bezpieczeństwa rowerzystów korzystających z jezdni w warunkach niedostatecznej widoczności. Wskazano uwarunkowania prawne regulujące zasady poruszania się rowerzystów oraz ich techniczne wyposażenie. Przytoczono trzy przykłady zdarzeń drogowych z udziałem rowerzystów, które kończyły się dla nich skutkiem śmiertelnym. Końcowym akcentem publikacji są wnioski, które podkreślają jak groźne są zdarzenia z udziałem rowerzystów spowodowane ich niedostatecznym oświetleniem.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2016, 17, 11; 156-158
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance probability distribution function for modeling visibility for free space optical link in Nigeria
Autorzy:
Ojo, Joseph Sunday
Olakunle Lawrence, Ojo
Ibitola, Gilbert Akin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1163564.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Free Space Optical
Nigeria
distribution functions
lognormal
visibility
Opis:
This paper attempt to assess the performance of the most appropriate distribution function for modeling atmospheric visibility over five selected locations (Akure, Enugu, Ikeja, Jos and Port-Harcourt) in Nigeria. The distribution functions are tested based on 5-year (2010-2014) visibility data obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET). Five distribution functions are tested to determine most suitable one based on four different metric measures. The associated parameters of the most suitable fitted distribution are estimated and the trends in the characteristic of the visibility are deduced. The result shows that lognormal distribution present the best probability distribution function for modeling visibility over the selected locations. A typical result for one of the locations (Akure) show that the lognormal distribution has Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.0766 km, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.0095 km, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 17.8 % and coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.87. When compared with other distribution functions, the same trend could be seen in other locations although with different values of RMSE, MAE, MAPE and R2. The location and the scale parameters for the total distribution varies seasonal-wise and are location depended. The overall result will be useful for predicting future visibility over the locations. It will also be a good tool for free space optical link design in Nigeria.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 109; 211-234
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatiotemporal visibility characteristics impacted by forest and land fire over airports in Sumatera and Borneo Island, Indonesia
Autorzy:
Ismanto, Heri
Hartono, Hartono
Marfai, Muh Aris
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
smoke
weather minima
visibility severity index
airport
Sumatra
Borneo
Opis:
Smoke can reduce the airport’s visibility and is related to the aviation safety and efficiency. Low visibility has potential safety hazard, such GA-152 crashed in 1997, and thus there is a need to find out the visibility characteristics in airports over Sumatra and Borneo Island caused by 2015 forest fire. This research aims to analyse the spatiotemporal visibility characteristics over airports in Sumatera and Borneo Island using flight rule visibility below minima criteria and hazard probability. The analysis of smoke was characterized using visibility severity index (VSI) that is a function of visibility severity class and its probability level. Spatiotemporal analysis of severity index combined with hotspot and wind numerical weather model indicates that the worst impact visibility occurred in September and October 2015. The lowest visibility was occured over night until afternoon time period. The spread of VSI impact has a tendency to northward and northwestward. The very high VSI levels occurred at airports such: WIJJ (Jambi), WIBB (Pekanbaru), WAGG (Palangkaraya) which were impacted up to 70% of flight operations time with IFR visibility below minima; while the WIOS (Susilo-Sintang), which operates only on VFR, experienced about 92% of VFR visibility below minima at smoke climax period.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2019, 38, 3; 5-16
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Real-time visibility transportation platform deployment. Evidence from business practice and insights for theory
Problem wdrożenia platformy transportowej zapewniającej widoczność w czasie rzeczywistym. Wnioski z badań i rekomendacje dla teorii
Autorzy:
Wyciślak, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2087341.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-31
Wydawca:
Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne
Tematy:
supply chain visibility
transportation visibility platform
supply chain
supply chain complexity
digitization
łańcuch dostaw
widoczność w łańcuchu dostaw
sieć transportowa
złożoność
cyfryzacja
Opis:
The aim of the study is to contribute to supply chain visibility literature by addressing a gap between the expectations on the benefits of supply chain visibility and the successfully implemented cases. Determinants of a real- -time transportation visibility platform implementation were identified and explained and the reasons for not achieving the expected real-time visibility benefits from a platform in the transportation network with a predominant share of subcontracting were ranked. A complex network of fast-moving consumer goods companies was chosen for the research because of their greater need for visibility; visibility improvement is also more challenging for such companies. Asymmetry of risk, rewards, and benefits for freight forwarders and a real-time visibility platform hinder information sharing willingness. The in-depth analysis of entities involved in the platform deployment shows the tensions that platform governance can address. This study also provides insights on information utilization, including automating, informational, and transformational characteristics. This paper contributes to the supply chain visibility theoretical field by focusing on the practical development of real-time visibility from the standpoint of supply chain professionals.
Celem artykułu jest wniesienie wkładu w rozwój dyskusji naukowej dotyczącej widoczności łańcucha dostaw poprzez dociekania na temat luki między oczekiwaniami dotyczącymi korzyści z widoczności łańcucha dostaw a pomyślnymi wdrożeniami. Zidentyfikowano i wyjaśniono czynniki warunkujące wdrożenie platformy widoczności transportu w czasie rzeczywistym. Uszeregowano przyczyny nieosiągnięcia oczekiwanych korzyści z widoczności w czasie rzeczywistym za pomocą platformy w sieci transportowej z przeważającym udziałem podwykonawstwa. Do badań wybrano złożoną sieć z branży produktów szybko rotujących. Uczyniono tak dlatego, że w przypadku takiej sieci istnieje większa potrzeba widoczności, a jej poprawa jest trudniejsza. Asymetria ryzyka i korzyści dla spedytorów oraz platformy zmniejszają gotowość do wymiany informacji. Dogłębna analiza zachowań podmiotów zaangażowanych we wdrażanie platformy wskazuje na napięcia, które może rozwiązać zarządzanie platformą. Przeprowadzone badania skupiają się na analizie wykorzystania informacji w kontekście automatyzacji, informatyzacji i transformacji cyfrowej. Niniejszy artykuł przyczynia się do rozwoju rozważań dotyczących widoczności w łańcuchu dostaw.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka; 2021, 10; 2-18
1231-2037
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The analysis of the traffic signs visibility during night driving
Autorzy:
Madleňák, Radovan
Hoštáková, Dominika
Madleňáková, Lucia
Drozdziel, Pawel
Török, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/102245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
eyetracking
traffic signs
driver
visibility
road safety
znaki drogowe
kierowca
widoczność
bezpieczeństwo na drodze
Opis:
Road safety has an extremely important role in existing transportation systems. Drivers on the road are influenced by various factors (light and temperature conditions, visual smog, environment surrounding, etc.) and driver´s distraction represents the most common cause of road traffic accidents. According our previous researches, we found that visual smog has a negative influence on drivers on the road. However, the task of placing the traffic signs on the roads is to increase road safety, thus positively influencing the driver while driving. The main objective of this article is to measure the visibility of traffic signs on selected roads in specific light conditions (in night). Secondary objective is to measure visibility of roadside advertisement (billboards) near roads that are influencing driver´s distractions in negative way. The mobile ETG technology (eye tracking glasses) has been used as a method for measuring the gaze of the driver’s eyes on traffic signs in night conditions. We compared the results from our previous research (daylight conditions) with the obtained results from the current research. On the basis of the comparison of both measurements we can find out differences (positive and negative) in influence of traffic signs and road side advertisements on drivers in various light conditions.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2018, 12, 2; 71-76
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of road safety in the context of horizontal visibility within intersections – field studies
Autorzy:
Brycht, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/88708.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
road intersections
road safety
road signage
visibility within intersections
bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
oznakowanie drogowe
skrzyżowanie dróg
widoczność na skrzyżowaniu
Opis:
One of the important factors on which road safety depends is adequate visibility. This article analyses horizontal visibility within road intersections. The visibility condition depends on many factors, primarily on the geometric parameters of road elements and the location of buildings, fences, vegetation etc., neighboring the road. The aim of the research presented in the study was to determine the current condition of horizontal visibility, on the example of twenty two intersections located mostly in built-up rural area along a provincial road near Czestochowa. The research was carried out by two methods (the analysis of satellite photographs and the visual method) and the obtained results were compared. The assessment of the security level was based on applicable regulations and technical guidelines. It was found that the results of the visibility assessment based only on the analysis of maps and satellite photographs are in many cases overestimated, due to the fact that many small elements not visible in the photographs are not taken into account and the occurrence of convex vertical road arches within the field of visibility. However, the main reason for the insufficient visibility at the many intersections is the fact that the geometrical parameters of roads and their surroundings were shaped in the past when the traffic conditions were completely different. It was also noted that road managers perceive this problem and take measures to increase safety within road intersections.
Źródło:
System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment; 2020, 2, 1; 150-157
2657-5450
Pojawia się w:
System Safety : Human - Technical Facility - Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 64

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