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Tytuł:
Victim and Guardian: A Short Ethical Reconnaissance
Autorzy:
Jaranowski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010421.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
victim
guardian
care
evil
responsibility
ethics
Opis:
The article Victim and Guardian: A Short Ethical Reconnaissance is a proposal for fundamental rethinking of the phenomenon of care and support in the context of the experience of evil. The author analyses the phenomenon of transitivity of evil, and describes suffering of a guardian as an extension of the harm done to the victim. He notices that the expectation of care occurring in a difficult situation is one of the fundamental claims in social life, and not receiving it is one of the most painful moral experiences. Finally, the author emphasizes the moral value of guardian’s participation in the defeat of the victim. He says that we do not need the notion of triumph over evil to recognize this value.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2016, 2(112); 145-153
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Reyes Mate’s Theory of the Victim: Metaethical Sketches on Injustice
Autorzy:
Gan-Krzywoszyńska, Katarzyna
Leśniewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781111.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
victim
justice
injustice
responsibility
memory
historical responsibility
Opis:
The aim of our paper is twofold. Firstly, very original approach to the question of victims elaborated very thoroughly by Reyes Mate is presented. Unfortunately, his conceptualization of victimology is relatively little known outside Spanish and Latin American culture. It is meant as a basis for adequate theory of injustice and justice. Secondly, comprehensive and detailed metaethical analyses of fundamental concepts used by Reyes Mate are developed here by means of standard methods, i.e. triangle, hexagon, and octagon of logical oppositions.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2013, 4, 2; 63-77
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Enforceability of the Victim – Offender Mediation Settlement in the Context of the Idea of Restorative Justice
Autorzy:
Pawlak, Barbara Jadwiga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/619225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
restorative justice
victim-offender mediation
secondary victimisation
victim’s needs
enforcement of mediation settlement
sprawiedliwość naprawcza
mediacja pomiędzy ofiarą a sprawcą
wtórna wiktymizacja
potrzeby ofiar
wykonalność ugody mediacyjnej
Opis:
The European Union is committed to protect and establish minimum standards with regard to victims of crime. Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime. The Directive builds upon the key principle of the ‘role of the victim in the relevant criminal justice system’, so that any victim can rely on the same basic level of rights, regardless of their nationality and country in the EU in which the crime took place. The core objective of this Directive is to assume an individual approach to victims’ needs and to offer protection for victims of certain crimes, in particular, due to the risk of secondary victimisation. In this text, I am going to concentrate on the problem of enforcement of settlements reached in the presence of a mediator and to show samples of the results from qualitative and quantitative studies conducted in Łódź. The research aim is to show that the idea of restorative justice, in the light of the victim’s right to remedy of damage, when the settlement reached in the presence of a mediator is not performed, is fiction because it is only the perpetrator who benefits from the beneficial procedural effects of the settlement while the victim may be subject to secondary victimisation. I’d like to show a few important facts that should be taken into consideration when referring a case to mediation and when conducting a restorative justice process and current practice it in Poland.
Unia Europejska zobowiązała się do ochrony i ustanawiania minimalnych standardów odnoszących się do ofiar przestępstw. Dyrektywa 2012/29/EU Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady z 2012 r. ustanowiła minimalne normy w zakresie praw, wsparcia i ochrony ofiar przestępstw. Dyrektywa opiera się na kluczowej zasadzie „roli ofiary w odpowiednim systemie wymiaru sprawiedliwości w sprawach karnych”, tak aby każda ofiara mogła mieć dostęp do tego samego podstawowego poziomu praw, niezależnie od narodowości i kraju UE, w którym przestępstwo miało miejsce. Głównym celem dyrektywy jest przyjęcie indywidualnego podejścia do potrzeb ofiar oraz zapewnienie specjalnej ochrony ofiarom niektórych przestępstw, w szczególności ze względu na ryzyko wtórnej wiktymizacji. Niniejsze opracowanie jest skoncentrowane na problemie wykonalności ugody mediacyjnej oraz przedstawieniu wyników badań jakościowych i ilościowych przeprowadzonych w apelacji łódzkiej. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie kilku ważnych faktów, które należy wziąć pod uwagę, kierując sprawę do mediacji i przeprowadzając proces sprawiedliwości naprawczej.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2018, 27, 3
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE VICTIM AS A FORGOTTEN FIGURE IN THE JUSTICE SYSTEM – A FEW REMARKS IN THE LIGHT OF PAST FORMS OF PUNISHMENT
Autorzy:
Kania, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
consensual methods of resolving the conflicts
victim
evolution of forms of punishment
Opis:
This article focuses on selected problems regarding the evolution of the punishment process. The starting point remains the assumption that regardless of the historical period, every palpable form of injustice related to a violation of a certain area of goods has resulted in an intervention approved at the given moment in history. The study notes that in the early pre-state period, seeking a remedy for wrongdoing was a private matter of the victim (or their family or clan) who could in that wayavenge on their own the injustice they had suffered. The process of publicising criminal law that began at the end of the Middle Ages has marginalised the process role of a victim in the possibilities to seek the remedy. However, the vertical criminal law relationship has, over time, changed to some extent. The privatisation of the justice system – especially noticeable nowadays – makes it possible to see that consensual methods of resolving conflicts caused by an offenceessentially contributed to the reversal of a certain historical process. That reversal was certainly intended to “reveal” the victim, and thus to return the conflict resulting from the offence to its “owners,” i.e. the perpetrator and the victim.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2017, 31, 4; 33-44
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Victim-offender Mediation in Poland – The Lay Perspective
Autorzy:
Matczak, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
sprawiedliwość naprawcza
mediacja
ofiara
sprawca
opinia świecka
system wymiaru sprawiedliwości w sprawach karnych
przeprosiny
restorative justice
victim-offender mediation
lay opinion
criminal justice system
apology
Opis:
Restorative justice is a complex and multi-faceted concept, the introduction of whichdoes not happen in a socio-political and economic vacuum. Every society engageswith restorative justice in its own distinctive way as it is the society – lay people – thatis always on the receiving end of restorative solutions. In this article, I draw on mydoctoral research that explores qualitatively how a small number of Polish peopleunderstand punishment and justice, and how their narratives inform the viabilityof restorative approaches to justice in Poland. In other words, I propose to considera macro-sociological perspective, and how lay people’s understanding of punishmentand justice should be seen as an avenue by which to explore certain preconditions forthe viability of restorative justice.Poland’s socialist past, change of the political regime, post-communist “accession”to the international community in the West and a high level of religiosity (among manyother factors) make Poland a fascinating object of study that can, at the same time,offer insights about restorative justice in other societies. Restorative justice, introducedin the form of victim-offender mediation, was part of the post-1989 political ambitionsto change the Polish penal landscape and join the international community in the West.There were a number of forces behind the establishment of restorative justice in Poland.Given that the concept was introduced at a time when the Polish society was dealingwith the socialist legacy and creating a new democratic reality, it was also hoped thatmediation could serve as a fast-track remedy and act as an ancillary mechanism toreduce the sudden spike in court workloads after the fall of communism. In the caseof Poland, it seems that the exceptionally limited interest in mediation and the paucityof anticipated outcomes of victim-offender mediation is the problem. In order toexplore the viability of restorative justice in the Polish context, one must thereforelook beyond the legal basis and formal logistics which have been already in place formany years.My research opens up new debates on the viability of restorative justice, and thisarticle in particular fleshes out the nature of the participants’ perceptions of victimoffendermediation. In this article, I first briefly introduce the Polish model of victimoffendermediation. I then discuss the nature of the initial responses to mediationbased on the participants’ knowledge of, support for, and any experience of, victimoffendermediation. This is followed by the discussion on how the participants’ viewson mediation were articulated in the shadow of the Polish criminal justice system.Next, I explore why the participants viewed mediation as a business-like encounterand, finally, I explore the participants’ perceptions of apology – something that cameup as one of the most interesting findings of the study.The aim of this paper is to argue that the viability of restorative justice should beapproached as a process that is influenced by broader socio-economic, political andeven linguistic factors. Although the Polish model of victim-offender mediation wasinspired by the restorative justice concept, the narratives of my lay participants suggesta number of socio-cultural obstacles to the further development of restorative justicein Poland. Despite a limited knowledge of victim-offender mediation among the studyparticipants, it is clear that support for mediation is negotiated and conditional.Although victim-offender mediation was mainly perceived not as a punishment, therole and purpose of this practice was discussed against the background of the Polishcriminal justice system. Although the relationship might be defined as “uneasy” (seeShapland et al. 2006), restorative justice, since its conception, has been interwoven withthe two. One of restorative justice’s central hopes was to establish an alternative systemof crime resolution that would eliminate the infliction of pain. However, the trajectoryof restorative justice solutions in many countries demonstrates that the functioningof a majority of them is dependent on criminal justice agencies. Given the close andinseparable relationship between the two, I argue in my research that the ways in whichlay people perceive the criminal justice institutions affect their perceptions of alternativeconflict resolutions. Then, as it emerged in my fieldwork, the study participants’ perceptionof harm suggests that mediation might be seen as an avenue to focus onthe financial side of the reparation, and as result might achieve something other thanrestorative goals. The narratives of my study participants also explore the difficultyof acknowledging apology as a genuine element of the restorative encounter. Thiscould be due to looking at apology through the lens of court apology, sociolinguistic or cultural reasons. John Braithwaite in his book Restorative Justice and ResponsiveRegulation (2002) rightly indicated that “we are still learning how to do restorativejustice well” (p. 565). Nevertheless, the question whether a perfect restorative justiceprogramme is ever possible remains open.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 2018, XL; 495-522
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rescuing an Unconscious Victim
Autorzy:
Komjáthy, László
Kós, György
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
fire
rescuing victims
fireman
lifesaving
enclosed space
Opis:
In contrast with common belief, in the case of damage events associated with fire a significant portion of victims die not as a result of burn injuries but suffocation. In modern architecture, including hotels, synthetic materials are broadly applied that produce toxic substances when they burn. In addition to toxic substances, the risk of suffocation is also increased by the depletion of oxygen as the fire spreads. Thus, for the successful rescue of the people whose lives are directly or indirectly endangered, their fast evacuation from the scene is of fundamental significance, even by causing material damage.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2017, 23(23); 176-182
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mobbing as a problem in management ethics
Autorzy:
Kowal, Jolanta
Gwiazda-Sawicka, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
mobbing
ethics
management
mobbing victim
Opis:
A positive company image and its good reputation are usually results of ethical and honest behaviour towards employees and may improve competitiveness, increase profits, customer satisfaction, and create new job jobs. However, it often occurs in dynamically developing firms where ethical norms are not kept and this process can be seen in the lack of equal chances to get a job – people without connections remain without work. According to research, mobbing is a very serious problem. Psychological terror or mobbing in work life involves hostile and unethical communication that is conducted in a systematic manner by one or more individuals, mainly toward one individual, who, due to mobbing, is pushed into a helpless and defenceless position and held there by means of continuing mobbing activities. These actions occur on a very frequent basis (statistical definition: at least once a week) and over a long period (statistical definition: at least six months’ duration). Because of the high frequency and long duration of hostile behaviour, this maltreatment results in considerable mental, psychosomatic, and social misery.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 5; 131-145
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Minor Victim Representation in Cases of Crimes Committed by Family Members in Polish Law
Autorzy:
Łakomy, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1913056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
legal regulations
minor victim
crimes committed by family members
guardian ad litem
criminal court
regulacje prawne
małoletni pokrzywdzony
przestępstwa popełnione przez członków rodziny
kurator
sąd karny
Opis:
The study presents the current legal regulations and problems with the implementation of procedural rights of a minor victim in the case of crimes committed by members of his family in the Polish legal system. The presented issue concerns the necessity to apply provisions contained in various acts, both public and private law. The author discusses the most important judgements of Polish jurisprudence in the indicated scope, emphasizing, however, that many aspects of the discussed issues, of a procedural nature, have still not been regulated. The conclusions include de lege ferenda postulates concerning, i.a., the transfer to the criminal court of the competence to appoint a guardian ad litem for disadvantaged minors.
W opracowaniu omówiono aktualnie obowiązujące regulacje prawne oraz problemy dotyczące realizacji uprawnień procesowych małoletniego pokrzywdzonego w przypadku przestępstw popełnionych przez członków jego rodziny w polskim porządku prawnym. Przedstawiona problematyka dotyczy konieczności zastosowania rozwiązań zawartych w różnych ustawach, o charakterze zarówno publiczno-, jak i prywatnoprawnym. Autor omawia najważniejsze rozstrzygnięcia polskiego orzecznictwa we wskazanym zakresie, podkreślając jednak, że wiele aspektów poruszanej problematyki, o charakterze procesowym, wciąż nie zostało uregulowanych. W konkluzji zamieszczono postulaty de lege ferenda, dotyczące m.in. przeniesienia na sąd karny kompetencji ustanawiania kuratora procesowego dla małoletnich pokrzywdzonych.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2020, 29, 5; 181-196
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Criminal Law and its Victim-Oriented Development: an Academic Inquiry
Autorzy:
Tuliakov, Viacheslav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28843238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
criminal law
criminal policy
victim-oriented policy
victimology
human rights
Opis:
In the 21st century, one of the essential roles of the Criminal Code is to protect the rights and interests of crime victims. Criminal law is a complex field that must balance established principles with evolving societal dynamics. This involves various stakeholders, including the state, perpetrators, victims, and civil society, each with differing views on criminal law. The modern era, marked by post-truth narratives and a reputational society, has further complicated matters. Casuistry now prevails over systematic approaches, leading to a disconnect between criminal law’s foundational principles and intended societal outcomes. Contemporary criminal law operates on multiple dimensions, addressing individual, societal, and institutional levels while aiming to balance the interests of these entities. The transition from the “age of information” to the “age of reputation” underscores the importance of information subjected to external evaluation. In the context of harmonizing Ukrainian criminal legislation with EU and Council of Europe norms, it is vital to protect human rights. This aligns with a Committee of Ministers recommendation that recognizes crime as a wrong against society and a violation of individual rights, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding victim rights. Approaching criminal law from a victimological perspective offers unique insights into victim participation in criminal liability, crime qualification, and offender culpability. This perspective encourages assessing the efficacy of criminal law prohibitions and promoting victim engagement in crime control.
Źródło:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies; 2023, 2, 3; 70-74
2720-6998
Pojawia się w:
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Different Forms of Violence – Selected Issues
Autorzy:
Mikołajczuk, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
violence
definitions and forms of violence
social pathology
aggressor
victim
Opis:
Violence has been part of the human history since its very beginning. As some believe, it is “Cain’s sin” that determines violent human behaviour. Though this belief is obviously simplified, it reflects the nature of man. We are eager to seek evil in others, in individuals and in social structures. It is not just the family that is oppressive. Violence is ubiquitous; it is inflicted by peer groups, social classes, organisations, and by the state. Violence is commonly defined as social behaviour against someone or something, the aggressor being on one side and the victim on the other. Usually, a narrow definition of violence is used; i.e., violence is understood as the use of force to obtain from others what they are not willing to give or what they do not want to do. However, violence is a more complex phenomenon. Some forms of violence are sophisticated and difficult to discern, not only in the behaviour of others but also in our own actions. Violence occurs on a micro-scale in the form of pressure, extortion, inducement, or restrictions, and on a macro-scale – as wars, crises, terroristic acts, or revolutions. Violence is not only physical and psychological; it may also be personal, structural, hidden, explicit, emotional, and rational. What follows, it takes place in a wide array of spaces: in culture, sport, politics, the media, in the public space and at home. Therefore, the narrow definition of violence fails to include many of its aspects, and as such it is not practical. Using such a definition, we are left with extreme cases, so in fact we define pathologies. A serious difficulty in defining violence is connected with defining human rights in a unified way. These vary from culture to culture and have been evolving throughout history. Violation of these rights constitutes the essence of what is referred to as violent behaviour. Each society defines and attempts to prevent violence differently, and also in its own way indicates those who judge the perpetrators of prohibited acts.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2020, 43, 4; 103-118
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Does the Victim of a Crime Have the Right to a Fair Trail? Remarks on the Protection of Crime Victims in the Light of the Guarantees in the European Convention on Human Rights
Autorzy:
Mezykowska, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
ECHR
European Convention on Human Rights
victim of crime
Opis:
None of the provisions guaranteeing the right to a fair trial contained in the principal international agreements were explicitly drafted to assure such a right to victims of crimes. Therefore, over the last two decades one could observe a shift in the attitude of the European Court of Human Rights towards the rights of victims, in order to extend the protection granted under the provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights to victims taking part in criminal proceedings. The Court directly extends the rights of victims by elaborating the procedural obligations of States (mainly under Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention), and through a broader understanding of the concept of civil rights and obligations, which enables the extension of the guarantees granted under Article 6 to victims participating in criminal proceedings. The purpose of this analysis is to attempt to answer the questions: under what circumstances in criminal proceedings may victims benefit from the right to a fair trial, and to what extent are they entitled to claim the protection of the guarantees provided for under the Convention?
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2011, 31; 285-313
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of legislative background on the fight against human trafficking in the Slovak Republic
Autorzy:
Mihoková, Emilia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2158842.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
trafficking in human beings
the national coordinator
victim of human trafficking
identification of victims
victim assistance
support and protection of victims of trafficking in human beings
the national program
Opis:
Human trafficking crosses borders between regions, countries and continents. Taking into account this fact, it is clear that the effort to improve the fight against this unwanted phenomenon requires international cooperation between Member States. This post presents an analysis of the current legal status of the fight against trafficking in human beings in the Slovak Republic in accordance with the rules of the Council of Europe. To make the fight against trafficking in human beings, the authors of the article proposed in the Slovak Republic special legislation aimed at combating trafficking in human beings with an emphasis to deal with the coordination area, but also in the identification of victims of trafficking in human beings and the provision of aid to these victims.
Źródło:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2016, 3(16); 79-89
1730-0266
Pojawia się w:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
What Support? Foucault, Power, and the Construction of Rape
Autorzy:
Javaid, Aliraza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623497.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Voluntary Agencies
Surveillance
Subjectivity
Victim Blame
Stigma
Opis:
This paper is concerned with the social and cultural constructions of male rape in voluntary agencies, England. Using sociological, cultural, and post-structural theoretical frameworks, mainly the works of Foucault, I demonstrate the ways in which male rape is constructed and reconstructed in such agencies. Social and power relations, social structures, and time and place shape their discourses, cultures, and constructions pertaining to male rape. This means that constructions of male rape are neither fixed, determined, nor unchanging at any time and place, but rather negotiated and fluid. I theorize the data-which was collected through semi-structured interviews and qualitative questionnaires-including male rape counselors, therapists, and voluntary agency caseworkers. The theoretical and conceptual underpinnings that frame and elucidate the data contribute to sociological understandings of male rape.
Źródło:
Qualitative Sociology Review; 2019, 15, 1; 36-60
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:
Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Culture of Memory: The Approach of Reyes Mate
Autorzy:
Gan-Krzywoszyńska, Katarzyna
Leśniewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781221.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
memory
victim
injustice
violence
reconciliation
Opis:
The aim of the article is to present Reyes Mate’s project for a culture of memory. Western culture/tradition tends to erase and blur the traces of crimes (even genocides) in order to achieve/restore peace; however, at the same time, this leads to ignoring the victim’s suffering and, in consequence, helps the wrongdoer. Following Reyes Mate, we argue that a memory of past injustices must constitute an integral part of the present and is the only means to prevent the hermeneutic death of victims. Any project for justice must put victims at the center of reflection. Memory is the beginning of the process that leads to reconciliation, for it makes it possible to redress both the victim and society. Moreover, it enables us to reclaim both the victim and wrongdoer as members of society. A culture of memory would also be a response to the failure of knowledge. Cases of extreme violence elude and transcend cognition; they are not only unthought but also unthinkable. Therefore, memory is a consequence not of discovering but of revealing the past: it follows from the fact that unthought exists and the unthinkable happened, which proves that our knowledge is limited and that we are able [and eager] to “invisibilize” victims’ suffering and depriving injustices of meaning. This is why memory should be the starting point for reflection on a new philosophical program against lassitude and oblivion, as well as on idealistic/anti-realistic and Enlightenment ideas. Memory reveals hidden aspects/dimensions of our reality and becomes at the same time an epistemic imperative and fundamental philosophical category.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2014, 5, 2; 246-256
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Recuperation of Sacrifice
Przywrócenie znaczenia ofiary
Autorzy:
Fagerberg, David W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1790608.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-07
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
ofiara
Msza święta
liturgia
kapłan
Sacrifice
Mass
liturgy
priest
victim
Opis:
Ofiarniczy wymiar Mszy świętej mógłby być lepiej zrozumiany, jeśli na nowo przywrócilibyśmy pojęcie „ofiary”. Powszechne, świeckie rozumienie ofiary ujmuje ją w kategoriach straty, smutku i rezygnacji z czegoś, podczas gdy biblijne, teologiczne rozumienie widziane jest w kategoriach daru, radości i dawania Bogu. Dlatego w artykule poddano analizie ofiarę w trzech kontekstach, w których się ona dokunuje: niewinności, grzechu i Osoby Chrystusa. Pierwszy z nich to kosmiczna liturgia homo adorans, sprawowana w stanie pierwotnej sprawiedliwości. Drugi to skażona po grzechu forma ofiary oczekującej na odkupienie. Trzecia to ofiara krzyża, w której łaska udoskonala naturę, a pierwotne znaczenie ofiary zostaje przywrócone. Ofiarny Chrystus – kapłan i ofiara – oddaje się członkom swojego mistycznego ciała, aby formować ich do prawdziwej ofiary.
We could better understand the sacrifice of the mass if we could recuperate the word “sacrifice.” The common, secular understanding of sacrifice speaks in terms of loss, sadness, and giving something up, whereas the biblical, theological understanding speaks in terms of gift, joy, and giving to God. This article therefore considers sacrifice in the three environments in which it occurs: innocence, sin, and Christ. The first is the cosmic liturgy of homo adorans, done in the state of original justice. The second recognizes a corrupted form of sacrifice, waiting redemption. The third is the sacrifice of the cross wherein grace perfects nature, and sacrifice is recuperated. The sacrificial Christ – priest and victim – gives himself to members of his mystical body to train them in true sacrifice.
Źródło:
Roczniki Teologiczne; 2021, 68, 8; 29-41
2353-7272
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Teologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 73

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