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Wyszukujesz frazę "beamforming" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
A simulation of thinning of microphone array in near-field broadband beamformers
Autorzy:
Wielgus, Agnieszka
Szlachetko, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146656.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Instytut Mechaniki Stosowanej
Tematy:
acoustics
beamforming systems
microphone array
thinning technique
akustyka
beamforming
macierz mikrofonów
technika przerzedzania
Opis:
This paper is devoted to the problem of designing an optimal microphone matrix. We define a criterion function where the performance of our matrix should be as close as possible to the desired one based on L2 norm. In the classical approach, increasing a size of the matrix is used to improve the system performance. However, in many cases it is not a good solution. In this paper we propose a solution based on thinning technique. We work with rectangular, equispaced microphone matrix and using metaheuristic approach called simulated annealing we optimise the set of active microphones (we switch off some of the microphones from the regular matrix). For illustrations, few numerical examples are solved. Comparing to the classical approach we show that thinning microphone matrix can significantly improve system performance.
Źródło:
Vibrations in Physical Systems; 2021, 32, 2; art. no. 2021204
0860-6897
Pojawia się w:
Vibrations in Physical Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A wideband smart antenna employing spatial signal processing
Autorzy:
Uthansakul, M.
Białkowski, M. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307580.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
direction estimation
null steering
wideband beamforming
wideband smart antenna
wideband antenna
Opis:
A smart antenna with capability of beam steering in azimuth over a wide frequency band using only spatial signal processing is presented. Filters and tapped-delay networks employed in conventional wideband linear arrays are avoided by using a two-dimensional rectangular array structure. In this array, only constant real-valued weighting coefficients, realized with amplifiers or attenuators, are used to form a desired radiation pattern. In order to estimate direction of arrival of a wideband signal, the MUSIC algorithm in conjunction with an interpolated array technique is applied. In the interpolated array technique, a composite covariance matrix is generated, which is a simple addition of covariance matrices of narrowband virtual arrays, being stretched or compressed versions of a nominal array. A working prototype of this wideband array is presented. Its operation is assessed via full EM simulations and measurements.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2007, 1; 13-17
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Golay Coded Sequences in Synthetic Aperture Imaging Systems
Autorzy:
Trots, I.
Tasinkevych, Y.
Nowicki, A.
Lewandowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176941.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasound imaging
synthetic aperture
beamforming
radiation pattern
coded sequences
Golay codes
Opis:
The paper presents the theoretical and experimental study of synthetic transmit aperture (STA) method combined with Golay coded transmission for medical ultrasound imaging applications. The transmission of long waveforms characterized by a particular autocorrelation function allows to increase the total energy of the transmitted signal without increasing the peak pressure. It can also improve signal- to-noise ratio and increase the visualization depth maintaining the ultrasound image resolution. In the work the 128-element linear transducer array with 0.3 mm pitch excited by the 8 and 16-bits Golay coded sequences as well as a one cycle at nominal frequencies 4 MHz were used. The comparison of 2D ultrasound images of the tissue mimicking phantoms is presented to demonstrate the benefits of coded transmission. The image reconstruction was performed using synthetic STA algorithm with transmit and receive signals correction based on a single element directivity function.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2011, 36, 4; 913-926
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multi-Element Synthetic Transmit Aperture in Medical Ultrasound Imaging
Autorzy:
Trots, I.
Nowicki, A.
Lewandowski, M.
Tasinkevych, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasound imaging
synthetic aperture
beamforming
Opis:
Synthetic aperture (SA) technique is a novel approach to present day commercial systems and has previously not been used in medical ultrasound imaging. The basic idea of SA is to combine information acquired simultaneously from all directions over a number of emissions and to reconstruct the full image from these data. The paper presents the multi-element STA (MSTA) method for medical ultrasound imaging. The main difference with the STA approach is the use of a few elements in the transmit mode in contrast to a single element aperture. This allows increasing the system frame rate, decreasing the number of emissions, and provides the best compromise between the penetration depth and lateral resolution. Besides, a modified MSTA is proposed with a corresponding RF signal correction in the receive mode, which accounts for the element directivity property. In the experiments a 32-element linear transducer array with 0.48 mm interelement spacing and a burst pulse of 100 ns duration were used. Two elements wide transmission aperture was used to generate an ultrasound wave covering the full image region. The comparison of 2D ultrasound images of a tissue mimicking phantom obtained using the STA and MSTA methods is presented to demonstrate the benefits of the second one.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2010, 35, 4; 687-699
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimization of the Multi-element Synthetic Transmit Aperture Method for Medical Ultrasound Imaging Applications
Autorzy:
Tasinkevych, Y.
Trots, I.
Nowicki, A.
Lewandowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177208.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasound imaging
synthetic aperture
beamforming
Opis:
The paper presents the optimization problem for the multi-element synthetic transmit aperture method (MSTA) in ultrasound imaging applications. The optimal choice of the transmit aperture size is made as a trade-off between the lateral resolution, penetration depth and the frame rate. Results of the analysis obtained by a developed optimization algorithm are presented. The maximum penetration depth and lateral resolution at given depths are chosen as optimization criteria. The results of numerical experiments carried out in MATLAB Ž using synthetic aperture data of point reflectors obtained by the FIELD II simulation program are presented. The visualization of experimental synthetic aperture data of a tissue mimicking phantom and in vitro measurements of the beef liver performed using the SonixTOUCH Research system are also shown.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2012, 37, 1; 47-55
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wave Generation by a Finite Baffle Array in Application to Beam-Forming Analysis
Autorzy:
Tasinkevych, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phased array
beamforming
mixed boundary value problem
BIS expansion
Opis:
Directional excitation of sound in an aperiodic finite baffle system is analyzed using a method developed earlier in electrostatics. The solution to the corresponding boundary value problem is obtained in the spatial-frequency domain. The acoustic pressure and normal particle velocity distribution in acoustic media can be easily computed by the inverse Fourier transform from their spatial spectra on the baffle plane. The presented method can be used for linear acoustic phased arrays modeling with finite element size and inter-element interactions taken into account. Some illustrative numerical examples presenting the far-field radiation pattern and wavebeam steering are given.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2010, 35, 4; 677-686
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Circular Radon Transform Inversion Technique in Synthetic Aperture Ultrasound Imaging : an Ultrasound Phantom Evaluation
Autorzy:
Tasinkevych, J.
Trots, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176632.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
synthetic aperture focusing method
circular Radon Transform
delay and sum beamforming
range migration algorithm
Opis:
The paper presents an overview of theoretical aspects of ultrasound image reconstruction techniques based on the circular Radon transform inversion. Their potential application in ultrasonography in a similar way as it was successfully done in the x-ray computer tomography is demonstrated. The meth- ods employing Radon transform were previously extensively explored in the synthetic aperture radars, geophysics, and medical imaging using x-ray computer tomography. In this paper the main attention is paid to the ultrasound imaging employing monostatic transmit-receive configuration. Specifically, a single transmit and receive omnidirectional source placed at the same spatial location is used for generation of a wide-band ultrasound pulse and detection of back-scattered waves. The paper presents derivation of the closed-form solution of the CRT inversion algorithms by two different approaches: the range-migration algorithm (RMA) and the deconvolution algorithm (DA). Experimentally determined data of ultrasound phantom obtained using a 32-element 5 MHz linear transducer array with 0.48 mm element pitch and 0.36 mm element width and 5 mm height, excited by a 2 sine cycles burst pulse are used for comparison of images reconstructed by the RMA, DA, and conventional synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT). It is demonstrated that both the RMA and SAFT allow better lateral resolution and visualization depth to be achieved as compared to the DA approach. Comparison of the results obtained by the RMA method and the SAFT indicates slight improvement of the lateral resolution for the SAFT of approximately 1.5 and 1.6% at the depth of 12 and 32 mm, respectively. Concurrently, however, the visualization depth increase for the RMA is shown in comparison with the SAFT. Specifically, the scattered echo amplitude increase by the factor of 1.36 and 1.12 at the depth of 22 and 32 mm is demonstrated. It is also shown that the RMA runs about 30% faster than the SAFT and about 12% faster than the DA method.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2014, 39, 4; 569-582
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antena z elektronicznie sterowaną wiązką na pasmo S
Electronically steered antenna for S-band
Autorzy:
Stec, B.
Czyżewski, M.
Słowik, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
telekomunikacja
antena planarna
układ formowania
wiązki antenowej
antena sterowana elektronicznie
telecommunication
electronically steered antenna
planar antenna
antenna beamforming network
Opis:
We współczesnych rozwiązaniach urządzeń radioelektronicznych anteny ze sterowaną elektronicznie wiązką antenową, mimo swojej złożoności układowej, są rozwiązaniem coraz częściej wykorzystywanym. Główną ich zaletą jest możliwość bardzo szybkiej zmiany kierunku maksymalnego promieniowania, przy zachowaniu dobrych parametrów kierunkowych. Oprócz samej konstrukcji anteny, w takich rozwiązaniach niezwykle ważny jest układ formowania wiązki. Najczęściej sterowany jest on cyfrowo, poprzez komputer lub dedykowany układ cyfrowy, z poziomu programowego. Często układ ten decyduje o parametrach całej anteny. Przedstawiona antena została zaprojektowana na pasmo S, na potrzeby zastosowania jej w radarze do lokalizacji istot żywych, umieszczonych za zasłonami typu ściana. Jej konstrukcja umożliwia ustawienie kierunku maksymalnego promieniowania dla pięciu położeń kątowych, pokrywając całkowity sektor obserwacji ok. 100° w azymucie. Wiązka w elewacji posiada stałą szerokość listka głównego, wynoszącą ok. 35°. Elektroniczne sterowanie zapewnia bardzo szybki obrót wiązki w kącie azymutalnym, w czasie poniżej 1 µs. Antena pracuje szerokopasmowo, z pasmem pracy około 500 MHz. Struktura elementów promieniujących wraz z układem rozdziału mocy i dopasowania została wykonana w technologii niesymetrycznych linii paskowych na laminacie FR4. Układ formowania wiązki zrealizowany został w oparciu o elektroniczne przełączniki mikrofalowe oraz linie opóźniające, wprowadzające odpowiednie opóźnienia fazowe. Stanowi on integralną część anteny.
The electronically steered antennas are nowadays much often used in modern telecommunication systems, despite much more complicated circuit structure. The most important merit is very rapid mainlobe direction turning, with good directional parameters maintain. This one is steered digitally, using computer or dedicated digital circuit, from programming level. Often, this circuit decides about the parameters of the whole antenna system. The described antenna was designed to work in S-band, for using it in radar for localization of living human through the wall. The mainlobe direction can be set for five angle values, covering angle sector about 100° in the azimuth plane. In elevation plane, the mainlobe width has fixed value of about 35°. Electronically steering lets very quickly mainlobe turning in elevation, in time below 1 µs. The antenna works wideband, with about 500-MHz band. The radiating elements structure with power distribution and matching network in the microstrip line technology on the FR4 substrate was made. Beamforming network, basing on the microwave electronic switches and delay lines, was made. This one is digitally steered and it is an integral part of the whole antenna system.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2013, 62, 2; 75-85
1234-5865
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance Analysis of MVDR Beamformer Applied on an End-fire Microphone Array Composed of Unidirectional Microphones
Autorzy:
Šarić, Zoran
Subotić, Miško
Bilibajkić, Ružica
Barjaktarović, Marko
Zdravković, Nebojša
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141702.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
adaptive beamforming
ambient noise suppression
differential microphone array
end-fire microphone array
MVDR beamformer
Opis:
Microphone array with minimum variance (MVDR) beamformer is a commonly used method for ambient noise suppression. Unfortunately, the performance of the MVDR beamformer is poor in a real reverberant room due to multipath wave propagation. To overcome this problem, we propose three improvements. Firstly, we propose end-fire microphone array that has been shown to have a better directivity index than the corresponding broadside microphone array. Secondly, we propose the use of unidirectional microphones instead of omnidirectional ones. Thirdly, we propose an adaptation of its adaptive algorithm during the pause of speech, which improves its robustness against the room reverberation and deviation from the optimal receiving direction. The performance of the proposed microphone array was theoretically analyzed using a diffuse noise model. Simulation analysis was performed for combined diffuse and coherent noise using the image model of the reverberant room. Real room tests were conducted using a four-microphone array placed in a small office room. The theoretical analysis and the real room tests showed that the proposed solution considerably improves speech quality.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2021, 46, 4; 611-621
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prototype measurement system for localization of partial discharges sources – microphone array
Autorzy:
Polak, F.
Sikorski, W.
Siodła, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
partial discharges (PDs)
PD localization
sensor array
microphone array
beamforming
direction-of-arrival (DOA)
Opis:
This paper presents a prototype measurement system, that will be used for localization of acoustic emission sources originating from partial discharges (PD). It is based on sensor arrays technology and direction of arrival estimation algorithms. Acoustic signals will be received with a universal linear array (ULA) of sensors, wherein the sensory elements are microphones operating in the audible frequency range. For the estimation of the direction of arrival of these signals conventional beamforming algorithm is used which has also been described theoretically. Ultimately, the system will be used to determine the direction of arrival of the acoustic signal generated by the insulation defect, which is corona discharge.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2015, 13; 209-219
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prototypowy układ pomiarowy do lokalizacji źródeł emisji akustycznej - matryca mikrofonów
Prototype measurement system for localisation of partial discharges sources – microphone array
Autorzy:
Polak, F.
Sikorski, W.
Siodła, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/376647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
wyładowania niezupełne
lokalizacja źródeł sygnałów
matryca sensorowa
estymacja kierunku nadejścia sygnału (DOA)
kształtowanie wiązki
beamforming
Opis:
W pracy zaprezentowany został prototypowy układ pomiarowy służący do lokalizacji źródeł sygnałów dźwiękowych, pochodzących od wyładowań niezupełnych, opierający się na technologii matryc sensorowych oraz algorytmów estymacji kierunku nadejścia sygnałów. Sygnały akustyczne odbierane są przy pomocy liniowej matrycy sensorów, w której elementami sensorycznymi są mikrofony pracujące w zakresie częstotliwości słyszalnych. Do estymacji kierunku nadejścia tych sygnałów użyto klasycznego algorytmu kształtowania wiązki, którego założenia teoretyczne zawarto w pracy. Docelowo układ będzie służył do określania lokalizacji źródła sygnałów akustycznych generowanych przez wyładowanie ulotowe.
This paper presents a prototype measurement system, that will be used for localisation of acoustic emission sources. It is based on sensor arrays technology and direction of arrival estimation algorithms. Acoustic signals will be received with a universal linear array (ULA) of sensors, wherein the sensory elements are microphones operating in the audible frequency range. For the estimation of the direction of arrival of these signals conventional beamforming algorithm is used which has also been described theoretically. Ultimately, the system will be used to determine the direction of arrival of the acoustic signal generated by the insulation defect, which is corona discharge.
Źródło:
Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering; 2015, 84; 207-214
1897-0737
Pojawia się w:
Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new mutual coupling compensation method for receiving antenna array-based DOA estimation
Autorzy:
Parhizgar, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141040.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
antenna array
beamforming
compensation matrix
DOA estimation
mutual coupling
MUSIC algorithm
Opis:
Most receiving antenna arrays suffer from the mutual coupling problem between antenna elements, which can critically influence the performance of the array. In this work, a novel and accurate form of compensation matrix is applied to compensate the mutual coupling in a uniform linear array (ULA). This is achieved by applying a new method based on solving a boundary value problem for the whole ULA. In this method, both self and mutual impedances are exploited in an accurate characterization of mutual impedance matrix which results in a perfect mutual coupling compensation method, and hence a very accurate direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. In the new scheme, the compensation matrix is obtained by using the relationship between measured voltage and theoretical coupled voltage based on the MOM. Numerical results show that using DOA estimation algorithms to the decoupled voltage obtained by using this method leads to an excellent performance of DOA estimation with higher accuracy and resolution.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2018, 67, 2; 419--431
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Accurate Phase Calibration for Digital Beam-Forming in Multi-Transceiver HF Radar System
Autorzy:
Nguyen, H. Q.
Whittington, J. S.
Devlin, J. C.
Vu, H. L.
Vu, N. V.
Custovic, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
digital beamforming
phased array antenna
phase calibration
radar
transceivers
Opis:
The TIGER-3 radar is being developed as an “all digital” radar with 20 integrated digital transceivers, each connected to a separate antenna. Using phased array antenna techniques, radiated power is steered towards a desired direction based on the relative phases within the array elements. This paper proposes an accurate phase measurement method to calibrate the phases of the radio output signals using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology. The method sequentially measures the phase offset between the RF signal generated by each transceiver and a reference signal operated at the same frequency. Accordingly, the transceiver adjusts its phase in order to align to the reference phase. This results in accurately aligned phases of the RF output signals and with the further addition of appropriate phase offsets, digital beamforming (DBF) can be performed steering the beam in a desired direction. The proposed method is implemented on a Virtex-5 VFX70T device. Experimental results show that the calibration accuracy is of 0.153 degrees with 14 MHz operating frequency.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2013, 59, 3; 245-254
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Power Scaling and Antenna Selection Techniques for Hybrid Beamforming in mmWave Massive MIMO Systems
Autorzy:
Nalband, Abdul Haq
Sarvagya, Mrinal
Ahmed, Mohammed Riyaz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226190.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
antenna selection
massive MIMO
millimeter Wave
5G
hybrid beamforming
power scaling
Opis:
With the advent of massive MIMO and mmWave, Antenna selection is the new frontier in hybrid beamforming employed in 5G base stations. Tele-operators are reworking on the components while upgrading to 5G where the antenna is a last-mile device. The burden on the physical layer not only demands smart and adaptive antennas but also an intelligent antenna selection mechanism to reduce power consumption and improve system capacity while degrading the hardware cost and complexity. This work focuses on reducing the power consumption and finding the optimal number of RF chains for a given millimeter wave massive MIMO system. At first, we investigate the power scaling method for both perfect Channel State Information (CSI) and imperfect CSI where the power is reduced by1/Nᵣ and 1/√Nᵣ respectively. We further propose to reduce the power consumption by emphasizing on the subdued resolution of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) with quantization awareness. The proposed algorithm selects the optimal number of antenna elements based on the resolution of ADCs without compromising on the quality of reception. The performance of the proposed algorithm shows significant improvement when compared with conventional and random antenna selection methods.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 3; 529-535
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An embedded beamformer for a PID-based trajectory sensing for an autonomous vehicle
Autorzy:
Mvemba, P. K.
Lay-Ekuakille, A.
Kidiamboko, S.
Rahman, M. Z. U.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221802.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
autonomous vehicle
beamforming
trajectory follower
ultrasonic obstacle detector
measurement
sensors
Opis:
Beamforming is an advanced signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. The paper deals with a system based on an ultrasound transmitter and an array of receivers, to determine the distance to an obstacle by measuring the time of flight and - using the phase beamforming technique to process the output signals of receivers for finding the direction from which the reflected signal is received - locates the obstacle. The embedded beam-former interacts with a PID-based line follower robot to improve performance of the line follower navigation algorithm by detecting and avoiding obstacles. The PID (proportional-integral-derivative) algorithm is also typically used to control industrial processes. It calculates the difference between a measured value and a desired set of points, then attempts to minimize the error by adjusting the output. The overall navigation system combines a PID-based trajectory follower with a spatial-temporal filter (beamformer) that uses the output of an array of sensors to extract signals received from an obstacle in a particular direction in order to guide an autonomous vehicle or a robot along a safe path.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2018, 25, 3; 561-575
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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