- Tytuł:
-
Badania wstępne nad upłynnianiem węgli brunatnych
Preliminary studies on brown coals liquefaction - Autorzy:
- Tokarska, A.
- Powiązania:
- https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819758.pdf
- Data publikacji:
- 2009
- Wydawca:
- Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
- Tematy:
-
węgiel brunatny
upłynnianie
energetyka
coal brown
liquefaction
energetic - Opis:
-
W powszechnej świadomości Polska dysponuje bogatymi, wręcz nieograniczonymi zasobami złóż węgli kopalnych (kamiennych i brunatnych). Polska energetyka bazuje więc głównie na tych surowcach. Jest to model energetyczny odmienny od modeli innych krajów europejskich. Spala się rocznie ok. 40 mln Mg węgla kamiennego i ok. 60 mln Mg węgla brunatnego. Przy uwzględnieniu zawartości w tych węglach pierwiastka C i zawartości popiołu towarzyszy temu roczna emisja ok. 260 mln Mg CO2. Stąd też bardzo istotna staje się problematyka wprowadzania czystych technologii węglowych (CCT).
In the last period interest in energetic and chemical transformation of coals is constantly increasing. Special attention is paid to hard coal processing with application of gasification or straight liquefaction. Due to limited operational reserves of hard coal, the perspective raw material for processing seems to be brown coal. Its balance reserves in Poland are estimated to about 14 mld Mg [3]. Issues of obtainment of secondary, refined liquid and gaseous fuels from brown coal are not new. The paper presents results of preliminary studies on obtaining the liquid products from brown coal. Two samples of brown coal from Turów area were used as raw materials for the studies. Technical, chemical and thermogravimetric analyses of the samples were carried out. The mass loss during heating up to 1000°C equaled 64-84% by weight. The main investigations contain solvent extraction and pyrolysis. Four selective solvents: methanol, cyclohexane, xylene and tetraline were used for extraction process. The brown coal extraction were proceeded under atmospheric pressure and in temperature of boiling solvents. Tetraline was the most effective solvent for extraction.The yield of extract equaled 13-17% by weight. Conversion degree of coal after pyrolysis was 37-43% by weight. 6% of liquid products was obtained. There was also performed analysis of chemical elements distribution, which occurs during samples conversion. It was proved that Cd, Cu and Ni concentrate in solid residue, while Hg, Cd and Pb almost completely pass over to volatile products of the process. Performed analysis was initial one. Obtained amounts of liquid products were not higher than ten to twenty percent. So obtained results have only research importance - Źródło:
-
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2009, Tom 11; 1095-1104
1506-218X - Pojawia się w:
- Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
- Dostawca treści:
- Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł