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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Habilitacje w Polsce Ludowej. Część 2. Warunki i przebieg habilitacji w prawie o stopniach i tytułach naukowych
    Habilitation degrees in the Polish People’s Republic. Part 2. Requirements and conditions of habilitation proceedings under the law on academic degrees and titles
    Autorzy:
    Wojtczak, Krystyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/927233.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-04
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    academic degree of docent
    academic degree of doktor habilitowany
    requirements before candidates in habilitation proceedings
    requirements before institutions applying for the right to confer docent and doktor habilitowany degrees
    relevant bodies
    Opis:
    Habilitation proceedings ending with a conferral of an academic degree were first introduced in the Polish People’s Republic by virtue of the Act on higher education of 1958. The academic title of docent, which the Act also provided for, was later endorsed by the Act of 1965 on academic titles and academic degrees. Another academic degree of ‘habilitated doctor’ (doktor habilitowany) functioned from 1968 and continued through subsequent legislative acts in force until 1990 as well as through the years after later reforms. The changes in higher education implemented in 1965–1990 were not fi nal and continued to be modifi ed in the following areas: (1) the branches and science and disciplines in which the academic degrees of docent or doktor habilitowany could be conferred; (2) the requirements which institutions (establishments of higher education, research units of the Polish Academy of Sciences and other research entities) had to fulfi l before earning the rights to confer the academic degrees referred to above; (3) establishment of the lists of institutions entitled to confer these academic degrees. The solutions then adopted were by no means triggered by the intention to replace the academic degree of docent with a degree of doktor habilitowany. On the contrary, the majority of changes, of which those happening after 1985 were even more politically biased, did not refl ect any legal need but aimed at restricting the autonomy of schools of higher  education in the scope of conferring academic degrees. This tendency extended to the conditions of commencing habilitation proceedings and the very course of the proceedings. As of 1985 one of the requirements of the key factors qualifying successful candidates was an ‘impeccable civic attitude.’ After 1985, most of the activities which had been till then conducted by committees appointed Faculty councils, were to be taken up by the relevant councils, although the latter were allowed to appoint from time to time committees to perform some of the activities related to habilitation proceedings. The Act of 1965 abandoned the requirement of the candidate’s habilitation lecture, re-established in 1985.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2017, 2 (18); 43-81
    2300-3936
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O stopniach naukowych w Polsce Ludowej. Część 1. Niższe stopnie naukowe
    Academic degrees in the Polish People’s Republic. Part 1. Lower academic degrees
    Autorzy:
    Wojtczak, Krystyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/909499.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-04
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    magister lub stopień naukowy równorzędny
    kandydat nauk
    doktor
    warunki nadawania niższych stopni naukowych w Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej
    Opis:
    W okresie objętym analizą (1947–1990) nadawania niższych stopni naukowych bez wątpienia nie cechowała stabilność rozwiązań. Różnice nimi wprowadzane były ponadto wielowarstwowe. Po pierwsze, w początkach Polski Ludowej za niższe stopnie naukowe uznawano tytuły ukończenia szkoły wyższej, od 1951 r. nadane stopnie naukowe kandydata nauk, a od 1958 r. stopnie naukowe doktora. Po drugie, warunki nabycia poszczególnych stopni naukowych i drogi prowadzące do tego celu były różne i niestałe. Po trzecie, wielokrotne odstępstwa od zasad ogólnych odnoszących się do warunków stawianych przed kandydatami do niższego stopnia naukowego, w tym szczególnie kandydata nauk i doktora, uzasadniano przypadkami szczególnymi. Po czwarte, zmianom podlegały gałęzie nauk i dyscypliny naukowe, w obrębie których możliwe było nadawanie niższych stopni naukowych. Po piąte, prawo do nadawania tych stopni naukowych przez rady wydziałów szkół wyższych, później także przez rady naukowe placówek PAN i instytutów istniejących poza szkołami wyższymi, ewoluowało stosownie do warunków im stawianych. Po szóste, stosownie do pozycji i pełnionej roli zmieniał się udział w tym postępowaniu innych organów (właściwego ministra sprawującego nadzór nad szkołą wyższą, Rady Głównej Szkolnictwa Wyższego i Centralnej Komisji Kwalifikacyjnej). Rozwiązania w zakresie nadawania niższych stopni naukowych, przyjęte reformami z 1947 i 1951 r., były, w pewnym uproszczeniu, ze sobą porównywalne. Od nich zdecydowanie natomiast odbiegały rozwiązania wdrożone ustawami lat kolejnych, szczególnie ustawami z 1958, 1982 i 1985 r. o szkolnictwie wyższym oraz ustawą z 1965 r. o stopniach naukowych i tytułach naukowych – wraz z ich zmianami. Ocena prawnych warunków nabywania niższych stopni naukowych w okresie objętym analizą jest niepełna bez objęcia nią także organizacji i zasad realizacji studiów aspiranckich i studiów doktoranckich, zakończonych przygotowaniem dysertacji naukowej (kandydackiej, doktorskiej). Temu zagadnieniu poświęcona jest część druga artykułu
    In the period researched in this article (1947–1990) the principles of awarding academic degrees were far from stable (or uniform). What is more, difference between individual degrees were of multiple character. In the initial years shortly after the Polish People’s Republic was formed, a lower academic degree was award ed to every higher school graduate. From 1951on this term referred to degrees awarded to science candidates, and as of 1958 to a degree of a doctor. Secondly, the requirements needed to be satisfied in order to qualify for individual degrees differed and were changing. Thirdly, on and off there were instances where ex emptions were made from the generally binding principles governing awarding of academic degrees, especially in the case of a science candidate and a doctor. Those exemptions, or exceptional treatment, was justified by a reference to an exceptional case. Fourthly, lower academic degrees could not always be obtained in every discipline, and the list of the discipline that qualified candidates for a degree was neither closed nor stable. Fifthly, the rights granted to scientific councils of institutions of higher education, and later to scientific councils of units operating within the Polish Academy of Sciences as well, were also changing, mostly to meet the conditions and requirements which those unites were obliged to fulfil. Sixthly, depending on the role and position of other bodies or organs involved in the process (the minister competent for schools of higher education, the Main Council of Higher Education, or the Central Qualifications Committee) their say and role was also changing. For the sake of a certain simplification, it may be stated that solutions adopted as a result of the reforms of 1947 and 1951were comparable, while those implemented in subsequent years, particularly by acts on higher education of 1958, 1982 and 1985 and the act of 1965 on academic degrees and scientific titles as later amended, differed considerably from earlier solutions. The assessment, from a legal point of view, of the conditions of awarding lower academic degrees in the period researched would, however, have been incom- plete if the organisation of doctoral studies as well as the manner of their delivery leading to the preparation and submission of a doctoral dissertation by a degree candidate, had been examined as well. This issue will be the subject of the second part of this article.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2016, 1 (13); 27-65
    2300-3936
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Habilitacja jako warunek awansu naukowego w Polsce w latach 1990–2018
    Habilitacja as a condition of scientific advancement i Poland in the years 1990-2018
    Autorzy:
    Wojtczak, Krystyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/911259.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-09-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    right to confer the academic degree of doktor habilitowany in the years 1990–2018
    right to conduct ‘habilitation’ proceedings
    conditions for instituting and conducting ‘habilitation’ proceedings
    resolutions on the conferral or refusal to confer the academic degree of doktor habilitowany
    Opis:
    The right to conduct habilitacja (“habilitation”) proceedings under Polish law is not a new solution. These proceedings were conducted both in the interwar period, in the first years of the People’ s Poland, and during the Polish People’s Republic. The solutions adopted in those periods differed. Until the end of People’s Poland, the proceedings ended with the right to lecture (veniam legendi) but with no possibility of obtaining a scientific degree, in the years 1951–1958, following the example of Soviet solutions, the proceedings allowed to obtain a scientific degree of doctor of sciences, from 1958 to obtain a degree of a docent (assistant professor), and from 1968 – the degree of doktor habilitowany. The differences in legal solutions adopted at that time were also clearly visible in the conditions which higher education institutions had to meet in order to obtain the right to conduct the proceedings and confer titles, and candidates to be promoted to a higher degree of doktor habilitowany. Although the possibility of acquiring the degree of doktor habilitowany was retained from 1990 onwards, the legal conditions for the conduct of habilitacja proceedings did not resemble the solutions of previous years. And so, as in the Act of 1965, as well as after 1990 the conferral of academic degrees was excluded from the law on higher education, but this law itself was subject to much more modest regulation. It was not until the Act of 2003 that solutions were introduced to gradually tighten the conditions imposed on organisational units applying for the right to confer the academic degree of doktor habilitowany and on persons applying for the initiation of habilitacja proceedings, as well as on the course of such proceedings. The year 2011 brought revolutionary changes in this respect. The amending law introduced a new order in the process leading to the conferral of the academic degree of doktor habilitowany. It covered not only the requirements which organisational units applying for the right to ‘habilitate’ in the fields of science and scientific disciplines had to satisfy, but also a re-definition of these conditions. The course of the ‘habilitation’ proceedings and the participation in it of the Central Commission and the board of the relevant organisational unit, as well as the person applying for the degree of doktor habilitowany were significantly changed.
    Źródło:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2019, 3, 27; 29-72
    2300-3936
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Prawa Publicznego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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