Autor: Borowik, A. - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Response of microorganisms and enzymes to soil contamination with the herbicide Successor T 550 SE
Autorzy:: Tomkiel, M.
Wyszkowska, J.
Kucharski, J.
Baćmaga, M.
Borowik, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208250.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:: soil contamination
enzymatic activities
soil enzymes
herbicides
zanieczyszczenie gleby
aktywność enzymatyczna
enzymy glebowe
herbicydy
Opis:: The study has been made to determine the effect of soil contamination with a new generation herbicide on the abundance and diversity of microorganisms, activity of soil enzymes and their tolerance to the herbicide Successor T 550 SE. Herbicide disturbed the biological balance of soil as expressed by the numbers and diversity of microorganisms and enzymatic activity. The recommended dose of herbicide significantly stimulated the growth of total oligotrophic and organotrophic bacteria as well as actinomycetes, depressed the activity of fungi and had no effect on oligotrophic sporulating bacteria and Azotobacter.
Źródło:: Environment Protection Engineering; 2014, 40, 4; 15-27
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:: Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Pressure exerted by zinc on the nitrification process
Presja cynku na proces nitryfikacji
Autorzy:: Borowik, A.
Wyszkowska, J.
Kucharski, J.
Bacmaga, M.
Tomkiel, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15607.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:: The objective of this study was to evaluate the nitrification rate in soil polluted with zinc. The experimental protocol was as follows: soil (sandy loam) collected from the 0-20 cm layer of a cropped field was passed through a 2 mm mesh sieve, placed in 150 cm 3 glass beakers, 100 g of soil in each, and polluted with the following doses of Zn 2+ per 1 kg d.m. of soil: 0, 300, 600, 1 200 and 2 400. Zinc was applied in the form of ZnCl 2 aqueous solution. Afterwards, ammonia nitrogen as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 was added to the soil material in two doses: 0 and 240 mg N kg -1 d.m. Once zinc chloride and ammonium sulphate had been thoroughly mixed with the soil, water was added until the soil moisture content reached 50% of capillary water holding capacity and then the beakers were placed in a laboratory incubator at 25 o C. After 10, 20, 30 and 40 days, the incubated soil was tested to determine the content of N-NH 4 and N-NH 3 . Additionally, after 10 and 40 days of incubation, the most probable counts of nitrifying bacteria involved in the first and second step of the nitrification process were determined. The experiment was run with three replicates for each day. Two determinations of each parameter were performed in the soil samples placed in beakers. In total, 6 results were obtained for each experimental variant. Based on the determinations, the amounts of nitrified and immobilized nitrogen were calculated and the resistance (RS) and resilience (RL) of the nitrification process and nitrifying bacteria to the contamination of soil with zinc were expressed. It has been experimentally demonstrated that excess zinc in soil significantly disturbs the nitrification rate. As little as 300 mg Zn 2+ kg -1 d.m. of soil significantly inhibits nitrification. Zinc contamination interferes with nitrification and other metabolic process which affect soil nitrogen, which is confirmed by depressed nitrogen immobilization at higher rates of soil contamination with this element. The adverse effect of zinc on nitrification is primarily due to the negative impact of this element in the soil environment on nitrifying bacteria. Zinc more strongly inhibits the first than the second step nitrification bacteria, but ammonia-oxidizing bacteria recover more quickly than nitrate forms. The RS parameters for the nitrification process towards zinc pollution were on a low level and tended to decrease as the degree of zinc contamination rose. The resistance of nitrifying bacteria to zinc decreased parallel to the increasing amounts of zinc in soil.
Źródło:: Journal of Elementology; 2014, 19, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: The effect of carfentrazone-ethyl on soil microorganisms and soil enzymes activity
Wpływ karfentrazonu etylu na mikroorganizmy i aktywność enzymów glebowych
Autorzy:: Tomkiel, M.
Baćmaga, M.
Wyszkowska, J.
Kucharski, J.
Borowik, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204842.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: herbicides
carfentrazone ethyl
soil
microorganisms
enzymes
resistance
herbicydy
karfentrazon etylu
gleba
mikroorganizmy
enzymy
odporność
Opis:: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of carfentrazone-ethyl (CE) doses of 0.265, 5.280, 10.560, 21.180, 42.240 μg kg-1 soil DM on fungi, Acnomycetes, organotrophic bacteria, total oligotrophic bacteria and spore-forming oligotrophic bacteria, and on the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase and β-glucosidase. Carfentrazone-ethyl had a stimulating effect on total oligotrophic bacteria and organotrophic bacteria, but it inhibited the growth of Azotobacter, fungi, spore-forming oligotrophic bacteria and Actinomycetes. The analyzed substance modified the structure of soil microbial communities, and it induced the most profound changes in fungi. The highest values of the colony development (CD) index and the eco-physiological (EP) index were observed in organotrophic bacteria. The optimal dose of carfentrazone-ethyl stimulated the activity of dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and β-glucosidase, but it had no effect on arylsulfatase. The highest doses of the analyzed substance inhibited the activity of dehydrogenases (reduction from 11.835 to 11.381 μmol TPF), urease (reduction from 0.545 to 0.500 mmol N-NH4) and arylosulfatase (reduction from 0.210 to 0.168 mmol PNP). Dehydrogenases were most resistant to CE, whereas acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase were least resistant to the analyzed compound.
W pracy określono wpływ karfentrazonu etylu zaaplikowanego w dawkach 0,265, 5,280, 10,560, 21,180, 42,2 40 μg kg-1s.m. gleby na grzyby, promieniowce, bakterie organotroficzne, oligotroficzne ogółem i oligotroficzne przetrwalnikujące oraz aktywność dehydrogenaz, katalazy, ureazy, fosfatazy alkalicznej, fosfatazy kwaśnej, arylosulfatazy i β-glukozydazy. W wyniku badań stwierdzono stymulujące działanie karfentrazonu etylu na bakterie oligotroficzne ogółem i bakterie organotrofi czne, natomiast inhibicyjne na Azotobacter, grzyby, bakterie oligotroficzne przetrwalnikujące oraz promieniowce. Preparat ten zmieniał strukturę zespołu drobnoustrojów. Największe zmiany wywoływał u grzybów. Najwyższe wartości wskaźników rozwoju kolonii (CD) i ekofi zjologicznej różnorodności (EP) odnotowano u bakterii organotroficznych. Karfentrazon etylu w dawce optymalnej zwiększał aktywność dehydrogenaz katalazy, ureazy, fosfatazy alkalicznej, fosfatazy kwaśnej i β-glukozydazy, a nie oddziaływał na arylosulfatazę, natomiast najwyższe dawki zmniejszały aktywność dehydrogenaz (obniżenie z 11,835 do 11,381 μmol TPF), ureazy (obniżenie z 0,545 do 0,500 mmol N-NH4) i arylosulfatazy (obniżenie z 0,210 do 0,168 mmol PNP). Najbardziej opornymi enzymami na działanie KE okazały się dehydrogenazy, a najmniej fosfataza kwaśna i arylosulfataza.
Źródło:: Archives of Environmental Protection; 2015, 41, 3; 3-10
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Changes in the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil contaminated with zinc
Autorzy:: Wyszkowska, J.
Boros-Lajszner, E.
Borowik, A.
Kucharski, J.
Baćmaga, M.
Tomkiel, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962865.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Opis:: Zinc is an essential element for all living organisms, but overexposure to this element can have strongly toxic effects. A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of different zinc concentrations (0, 100, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 mg Zn2+ kg-1 of soil) on the soil biological activity by analyzing changes in soil stability over time and by determining the resistance (RS) of microorganisms and soil enzyme activity. The influence of Zn2+ on the growth and development of oat and white mustard was evaluated. Overexposure to zinc inhibited the growth of soil microorganisms, the activity of soil enzymes, and the growth and development of plants. Excessive zinc doses cause lower microbial biodiversity and enzyme activity. Bacteria of the genus Azotobacter were most sensitive and spore-forming oligotrophic bacteria were least sensitive to excessive zinc doses. β-glucosidase was most resistant and arylsulfatase was least resistant to the analyzed element. The resistance of the tested microorganisms and enzymes decreased with an increase in zinc accumulation in the soil environment. White mustard was more sensitive to zinc contamination than oat and zinc doses of 2400 and 4800 mg Zn2+ kg-1 led to the death of white mustard plants. The results of this study indicate that soil contamination with zinc poses a threat for living organisms. In areas with a higher risk of zinc deposition, the content of this element in soils should be monitored more frequently than prescribed by environmental protection regulations.
Źródło:: Journal of Elementology; 2017, 22, 2
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Changes in the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil contaminated with zinc
Autorzy:: Wyszkowska, J.
Boros-Lajszner, E.
Borowik, A.
Kucharski, J.
Baćmaga, M.
Tomkiel, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190211.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:: zinc
soil enzymes
microbes resistance
plants resistance
Opis:: Zinc is an essential element for all living organisms, but overexposure to this element can have strongly toxic effects. A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of different zinc concentrations (0, 100, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 mg Zn2+ kg-1 of soil) on the soil biological activity by analyzing changes in soil stability over time and by determining the resistance (RS) of microorganisms and soil enzyme activity. The influence of Zn2+ on the growth and development of oat and white mustard was evaluated. Overexposure to zinc inhibited the growth of soil microorganisms, the activity of soil enzymes, and the growth and development of plants. Excessive zinc doses cause lower microbial biodiversity and enzyme activity. Bacteria of the genus Azotobacter were most sensitive and spore-forming oligotrophic bacteria were least sensitive to excessive zinc doses. β-glucosidase was most resistant and arylsulfatase was least resistant to the analyzed element. The resistance of the tested microorganisms and enzymes decreased with an increase in zinc accumulation in the soil environment. White mustard was more sensitive to zinc contamination than oat and zinc doses of 2400 and 4800 mg Zn2+ kg-1 led to the death of white mustard plants. The results of this study indicate that soil contamination with zinc poses a threat for living organisms. In areas with a higher risk of zinc deposition, the content of this element in soils should be monitored more frequently than prescribed by environmental protection regulations.
Źródło:: Journal of Elementology; 2017, 22, 2; 437-451
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Sensitivity of soil enzymes to excessive zinc concentrations
Oporność enzymów glebowych na nadmierne ilości cynku
Autorzy:: Borowik, A.
Wyszkowska, J.
Kucharski, J.
Bacmaga, M.
Boros-Lajszner, E.
Tomkiel, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14850.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
Tematy:: sensitivity
soil enzyme
zinc
zinc concentration
soil resistance
soil contamination
Opis:: The sensitivity of soil enzymes to soil contamination with zinc was analyzed. A laboratory experiment was performed on sandy loam at pH 7.0, sampled from arable land at a depth of 0 to 20 cm. Soil samples were passed through a sieve with 2 mm mesh size and contaminated with the following zinc doses: 0, 300, 600, 1200 and 2400 mg Zn2+ kg-1 soil. Zinc was applied in the form of aqueous solution of ZnCl2. Soil was mixed thoroughly with zinc, and its moisture content was brought to 50% capillary water capacity. The samples were incubated at 25°C. Beakers with soil samples were weighed once a week to replenish evaporated water. The activity of soil enzymes: dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, catalase, arylsulfatase and b-glucosidase, was determined after 15, 30, 60 and 120 days of the experiment. The results were used to calculate soil resistance (RS), ED20 and ED50 values. The results of the study indicate that soil enzymes are characterized by varied sensitivity to excessive zinc concentrations, and that the RS index is a reliable measure of enzymatic responses to zinc pollution. The analyzed enzymes were classified in the following decreasing order in terms of their resistance to zinc: b-glucosidase> acid phosphatase > urease >arylsulfatase = alkaline phosphatase> catalase > dehydrogenases. Zinc continued to exert a negative effect on soil enzymes throughout the experiment (120 days). ED20 values for the analyzed enzymes in mg Zn2+ kg-1 DM soil were determined at: 103 for dehydrogenases, 184 for alkaline phosphatase, 233 for urease, 247 for arylsulfatase, 416 for acid phosphatase, 419 for catalase and 1373 for b-glucosidase.
Celem badań było określenie wrażliwości enzymów na zanieczyszczenie gleby cynkiem. Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w warunkach laboratoryjnych na glinie piaszczystej o pH 7,0, pobranej z użytku rolnego z warstwy od 0 do 20 cm. Przed rozpoczęciem badań glebę przesiano przez sito o oczkach 2 mm i zanieczyszczono następującymi dawkami cynku: 0, 300, 600, 1200, 2400 mg Zn2+ kg-1 gleby. Cynk stosowano w postaci wodnego roztworu ZnCl2. Następnie po dokładnym wymieszaniu gleby jej wilgotność doprowadzono do 50% kapilarnej pojemności wodnej i poddano inkubacji w cieplarce w temp. 25°C. Jeden raz w tygodniu zlewki przeważano w celu uzupełnienia ewentualnych ubytków wody. Po 15, 30, 60 i 120 dniach inkubacji część zlewek likwidowano i oznaczono aktywność enzymów glebowych: dehydrogenaz, ureazy, fosfatazy kwaśnej, fosfatazy alkalicznej, katalazy, arylosulfatazy i b-glukozydazy. Na podstawie wyników obliczono indeks oporności enzymów (RS) oraz wskaźniki ED20 i ED50. Stwierdzono, że enzymy glebowe mają zróżnicowaną oporność na nadmiar cynku w glebie, a wskaźnik oporności RS jest dobrą miarą ich reakcji na zanieczyszczenie tym metalem. Pod względem zmniejszającej się oporności można je uszeregować następująco: b-glukozydaza> fosfataza kwaśna > ureaza >arylosulfataza = fosfataza kwaśna > katalaza > dehydrogenazy. Negatywne działanie cynku na enzymy glebowe utrzymywało się przez cały okres badań (120 dni).Wartość ED20 dla poszczególnych enzymów w mg Zn2+ kg-1s.m. gleby wynosiła: dehydrogenazy – 103, fosfataza alkaliczna – 184, ureaza – 233, arylosulfataza – 247, fosfataza kwaśna – 416, katalaza – 419, b-glukozydaza – 1373.
Źródło:: Journal of Elementology; 2014, 19, 3
1644-2296
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Elementology
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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