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Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
Tytuł:
X-ray Diffraction Topography - Investigation of Single Crystals Grown by the Czochralski Method
Autorzy:
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Malinowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399485.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.72.Ff
Opis:
X-ray diffraction topography is one of basic diagnostics tools serving for visualisation of single crystal lattice defects. Defects of various kinds can be observed. The present study is a review of topographic results obtained in the X-ray laboratory of the Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, for three families of single crystals grown by the Czochralski method: (i) silicon (Si) and $Si_{1-x}Ge_{x}$, (ii) selected binary REVO_4 oxides and (iii) selected ternary $ABCO_4$ oxides. The effect of chemical composition, growth conditions and post growth thermal annealing on the defect appearing in crystals is discussed. Various defects are revealed: the growth dislocations (some early Si crystals), the composition-gradient-induced lattice deformation $(Si_{1-x}Ge_{x}$, solid solutions $Ca_{x}Sr_{1-x}NdAlO_4)$, defects generated in Si after the post growth thermal processes, oriented elongated rod-like macro-defects tending to form networks within the crystal core, cellular structure in the outer shell $(SrLaGaO_4)$, and variously developed block structure (in selected binary $\text{REVO}_4$ crystals).
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 124, 2; 360-371
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Conventional and Synchrotron X-Ray Topography of Defects in the Core Region of $SrLaGaO_4$
Autorzy:
Malinowska, A.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Wieteska, K.
Wierzchowski, W.
Pajączkowska, A.
Graeff, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1812255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.72.Ff
61.72.Nn
61.72.Lk
61.72.Qq
Opis:
$SrLaGaO_4$ single crystals are perspective substrate materials for high temperature superconductors thin films, elements of thermal radiation receivers and other electronic devices. The defect structure of the Czochralski grown $SrLaGaO_4$ crystal was investigated by means of X-ray topography exploring both conventional and synchrotron sources. The crystal lattice defects in the core region of the crystal were investigated. The regular network of defects arranged in rows only in ⟨100⟩ direction was observed. Owing to high resolution of synchrotron radiation white beam back reflection topographs one can distinguish individual spots forming the lines of the rows. It can be supposed that these elongated rod-like volume defects are located in 100 lattice planes forming a kind of walls. They are built approximately of the same phase as crystal but crystallize at a different moment than a rest of the crystal due to the constitutional supercooling.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 114, 2; 433-438
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
X-Ray Topographic Studies of Defect Structure in $YVO_4$ Crystals
Autorzy:
Wieteska, K.
Wierzchowski, W.
Łukasiewicz, T.
Wierzbicka, E.
Malinowska, A.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Graeff, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1812259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.72.Ff
Opis:
The perfection of $YVO_4$ crystals, which are predicted to replace formerly used YAG garnets due to higher quantum efficiency and lower excitation level, was studied. The investigations of Czochralski grown undoped $YVO_4$ single crystals were performed mainly by means of X-ray topographic methods. Both synchrotron and conventional X-ray sources were used. The study revealed relatively high density of weak point-like contrasts which can be most probably interpreted as dislocation outcrops. In regions of the crystal close to its boundary we observed glide bands. It was also found that in some regions the dislocations form local subgrain boundaries. The white beam back reflection and monochromatic beam topography allowed to evaluate a local misorientation which not exceeded several angular minutes. No segregation fringes were observed proving a good homogeneity of chemical composition.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 114, 2; 455-461
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synchrotron Diffraction topography in Studying of the Defect Structure in Crystals Grown by the Czochralski Method
Autorzy:
Wierzchowski, W.
Wieteska, K.
Malinowska, A.
Wierzbicka, E.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Świrkowicz, M.
Łukasiewicz, T.
Pajączkowska, A.
Paulmann, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1399483.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.72.Ff
Opis:
The synchrotron diffraction topography had been widely used for investigation of the structural defects in crystals grown by the Czochralski method. Similarly as conventional diffraction topography, the synchrotron topography consists in recording with high spatial resolution of the beam formed by the Bragg reflection from the crystal. The advantages of synchrotron sources come from the possibilities of using the wavelength from a wide spectral range, improved high spatial resolution and collimation of the beam as well as from shortening the time necessary for the investigation. The synchrotron diffraction topography includes experimentally simpler white beam topography and more complicated monochromatic beam (multicrystal) topography, where the beam is formed by monochromators. In the case of Czochralski-grown crystals the synchrotron diffraction topography can be used for studying of the individual dislocations and their complexes such as glide bands or sub-grain boundaries, individual blocks, twinning, the domain structure and various segregation effects negatively affecting crystal properties. In addition, the topographical investigation can provide information concerning the reasons for the generation of defects, useful in the improving of the technology. In the present paper the possibilities of the synchrotron diffraction topography are discussed on the basis of several investigations of the Czochralski-grown oxide and semiconductor crystals, performed by the authors at HASYLAB. The majority of the results concern the oxide crystals grown at the Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, in particular garnets, orthovanadates, mixed calcium barium and strontium niobates as well as praseodymium lanthanum aluminates.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 124, 2; 350-359
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of oxide crystals by means of synchrotron and conventional X-ray diffraction topography
Badanie monokryształów tlenkowych za pomocą synchrotronowej i konwencjonalnej rentgenowskiej topografii dyfrakcyjnej
Autorzy:
Wierzchowski, W.
Malinowska, A.
Wieteska, K.
Wierzbicka, E.
Mazur, K.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Świrkowicz, M.
Łukasiewicz, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/192397.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Materiałów Elektronicznych
Tematy:
X-ray diffraction topography
crystal lattice defects
Czochralski method
dyfrakcyjna topografia rentgenowska
defekty sieci krystalicznej
metoda Czochralskiego
Opis:
X-ray diffraction topography, exploring both conventional and synchrotron sources of X-rays, has been widely used for the investigation of the structural defects in crystals of oxides. The majority of bulk oxide crystals have been grown by the Czochralski method from a melted mixture of high purity oxides. Some important oxide crystals like quartz and ZnO have been obtained by the hydrothermal method. In the case of crystals grown by the first method, synchrotron diffraction topography can be and was used for studying individual dislocations and their complexes (e.g. glide bands, sub-grain boundaries), individual blocks, twinning, the domain structure and various segregation effects negatively affecting crystal properties. What is more, the topographical investigation can provide information concerning the reasons for the generation of the defects, which becomes useful for improving the growth technology. In the present paper the possibilities of the diffraction topography are discussed on the basis of several investigations of the oxide crystals, in particular garnets, orthovanadates, mixed calcium barium and strontium niobates as well as praseodymium lanthanum aluminates. the majority of the results refer to oxide crystals grown at the Institute of Electronic Materials Technology (ITME). The synchrotron investigations included in the paper were performed by the authors at the HASYLAB Synchrotron Laboratory in Hamburg.
Rentgenowska topografia dyfrakcyjna, wykorzystująca zarówno konwencjonalne, jak i synchrotronowe źródła promieniowania rentgenowskiego, jest od wielu lat z powodzeniem stosowana do badania defektów strukturalnych w różnego rodzaju monokryształach. Szeroką grupę tych materiałów stanowią kryształy tlenkowe, które w większości są otrzymywane metodą Czochralskiego ze stopionej mieszaniny tlenków o wysokiej czystości. Do otrzymywania kryształów tlenków, takich jak kwarc i ZnO, stosuje się metodę hydrotermalną. rentgenowska topografia dyfrakcyjna może być wykorzystana do badania indywidualnych dyslokacji i ich kompleksów (np. pasma poślizgowe, granice niskokątowe), pojedynczych bloków, zbliźniaczeń, struktury domenowej i różnych efektów segregacyjnych. Wszystkie te defekty mogą wpływać negatywnie na jednorodność i właściwości kryształów. Badania topograficzne mogą również dostarczyć informacji dotyczących przyczyn powstawania defektów, co przydatne jest w doskonaleniu technologii. W niniejszej pracy omówiono możliwości topografii dyfrakcyjnej na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań szeregu kryształów tlenkowych, w szczególności granatów, ortowanadianów, mieszanych niobianów wapnia, baru i strontu oraz glinianów prazeodymu i lantanu. Większość wyników dotyczy monokryształów tlenków otrzymywanych w Instytucie Technologii Materiałów Elektronicznych (ITME). uwzględnione badania synchrotronowe zostały przeprowadzone przez autorów w Laboratoriom Synchrotronowym HASYLAB w Hamburgu.
Źródło:
Materiały Elektroniczne; 2016, T. 44, nr 4, 4; 17-32
0209-0058
Pojawia się w:
Materiały Elektroniczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
X-ray Topographic Investigations of Domain Structure in Czochralski Grown $Pr_{x}La_{1-x}AlO_{3}$ Crystals
Autorzy:
Wieteska, K.
Wierzchowski, W.
Malinowska, A.
Turczyński, S.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Pawlak, D.
Łukasiewicz, T.
Graeff, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1538809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.05.-t
81.10.Dn
61.72.Ff
Opis:
In the present paper X-ray diffraction topographic techniques were applied to a number of samples cut from Czochralski grown $Pr_{x}La_{1-x}AlO_{3}$ crystals with different ratio of praseodymium and lanthanum. Conventional and synchrotron X-ray topographic investigations revealed differently developed domain structures dependent on the composition of mixed praseodymium lanthanum aluminium perovskites. Some large mosaic blocks were observed together with the domains. In the best crystals, X-ray topographs revealed striation fringes and individual dislocations inside large domains. Synchrotron topographs allowed us to indicate that the domains correspond to three different crystallographic planes, and to evaluate the lattice misorientation between domains in the range of 20-50 arc min.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 117, 2; 268-271
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Defect Structure Formed at Different Stages οf Growth Process in Erbium, Calcium and Holmium Doped $YVO_{4}$ Crystals
Autorzy:
Malinowska, A.
Wierzbicka, E.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Wieteska, K.
Wierzchowski, W.
Łukasiewicz, T.
Świrkowicz, M.
Graeff, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1538950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.72.Ff
Opis:
The defect structure of $YVO_{4}$ single crystals doped with $Er^{3+},$ $Ho^{3+}$ and $Ca^{2+}$ were studied by X-ray diffraction topographic methods, using laboratory and synchrotron radiation sources. Variously developed block structure was the dominating imperfection of the investigated crystals observed both in conventional Lang and synchrotron topographs. The evaluation of block misorientation was realised by means of superimposed projection and section white beam synchrotron radiation topographs. More possibilities of following the mutual rotation of blocks were provided by means of white beam synchrotron radiation WBSR projection topographs exposed through the fine mesh.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 117, 2; 328-331
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterisation of the Defect Structure in Gadolinum Orthovanadate Single Crystals Grown by the Czochralski Method
Autorzy:
Wierzbicka, E.
Malinowska, A.
Wieteska, K.
Wierzchowski, W.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Świrkowicz, M.
Łukasiewicz, T.
Paulmann, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1431600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.72.Ff
Opis:
The $GdVO_4$ single crystals, both undoped and doped with erbium or thulium, were studied by means of X-ray diffraction topographic methods exploring laboratory and synchrotron radiation sources. Variously developed block structure, caused probably by thermal stresses, was revealed. The highest crystallographic perfection was observed in the crystal doped with 4 at.% of thulium, which was free of the grain boundaries in the end part. Contrary to that, the differences in structural perfection between samples cut out from various regions of the crystal and for different kinds of doping, were less distinct in other crystals. The diffraction topographic methods enabled the statement that the misorientation between various blocks is in the range of several arc minutes.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 4; 906-909
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synchrotron Topographic Studies of Domain Structure in Czochralski Grown $Pr_xLa_{1-x}AlO_3$ and $Pr_xLa_{1-x-y}Mg_yAlO_3$ Crystals
Autorzy:
Wieteska, K.
Wierzchowski, W.
Malinowska, A.
Turczyński, S.
Lefeld-Sosnowska, M.
Pawlak, D.
Łukasiewicz, T.
Paulmann, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1431651.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.05.-t
81.10.Dn
61.72.Ff
Opis:
A domain structure and crystallographic defects in Czochralski grown single crystals of $Pr_xLa_{1-x}AlO_3$ and $Pr_xLa_{1-x-y}Mg_yAlO_3$ were characterised with a number of methods including conventional and synchrotron X-ray diffraction topography, and polariscopic micrography. The observed twin domain systems were located perpendicularly to 〈100〉$\text{}_\text{pcub}$ and 〈110〉$\text{}_\text{pcub} (pseudocubic) directions. It has been confirmed that the domains are of the same orientation and a twin character as those described in literature for $LaAlO_3$ and $LaGaO_3$ crystals. The use of section transmission topography enabled to indicate that the domains are perpendicular to the $(100)_\text{pcub}$ surface of the samples. The misorientation of lattice in the domains was evaluated from the white beam topographs and a tendency of its increase with increasing concentration of praseodymium was revealed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 4; 910-914
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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