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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Wieloletnia dynamika starodrzewów w zagospodarowanej części Puszczy Białowieskiej: gatunki ekspansywne i ustępujące
    Long-term dynamics of old-growth stands in the managed part of the Bialowieza Forest: increasing and declining tree species
    Autorzy:
    Drozdowski, S.
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Żybura, H.
    Żybura, B.
    Gawron, L.
    Buraczyk, W.
    Zajączkowski, J.
    Bolibok, L.
    Szeligowski, H.
    Bielak, K.
    Widawska, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008501.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    starodrzew
    dynamika drzewostanu
    drzewa lesne
    swierk
    grab
    jesion
    olsza
    dab
    lipa
    brzoza
    klon
    sosna
    wiaz
    zageszczenie drzew
    piersnicowe pole przekroju
    piersnice drzew
    gatunki ekspansywne
    gatunki ustepujace
    stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
    badania dlugoterminowe
    old−growth forest
    permanent plot
    long−term trend
    population density
    population dynamics
    tree species
    Opis:
    In the paper, an assessment of tree population dynamics in the old−growth stands of the managed part of the Białowieża Forest is presented. Data from five permanent sample plots with a total size of 9.3 ha and six inventories that cover the period 1949−2006, were used. Depending on the dynamic status, determined on the basis of changes in a number of individuals per hectare, basal area and quadratic mean diameter, three major groups of tree species were distinguished: 1) an increasing group, containing only hornbeam and lime; 2) a stable group, involving alder and spruce and 3) a declining group consisting of oak, ash, maple, pine, birch, elm and aspen.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 09; 663-671
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Odnowienie naturalne drzew w Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Natural regeneration of trees in the Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Żybura, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985949.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    odnowienia naturalne
    drzewa lesne
    topola osika
    Populus tremula
    brzoza brodawkowata
    Betula pendula
    brzoza omszona
    Betula pubescens
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    jesion wyniosly
    Fraxinus excelsior
    klon pospolity
    Acer platanoides
    wiaz gorski
    Ulmus glabra
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    lipa drobnolistna
    Tilia cordata
    grab pospolity
    proces dorastania
    ekosystemy lesne
    dynamika lasu
    active approach
    deer browsing
    long−term study
    multifunctional forest management
    natural recruitment
    nature conservation
    silvicultural treatment
    strict protection
    tree competition
    tree diversity
    Opis:
    Since several years already, a massive infestation of bark beetle has taken place in the Białowieża Forest, decimating a local Norway spruce population. In consequence, many open areas appeared, practically deprived of trees and other forest vegetation. The existence of such areas has a very negative impact on multiple values of the Białowieża Forest: natural, social, economical and landscape−aesthetic values. The local forest administration prepared a strategy aimed at active restoration of diverse woodland communities typical for the Białowieża Forest in all places, where bark beetle infestation wiped up the spruce stands. Those plans were criticized by representatives of the environmental organizations who blamed the foresters for transforming the Białowieża Forest into ‘plantation’ and claiming that such measures are inconsistent with the existing forest management and protection plan. The postulate of environmentalists is that the recovery of woodland communities should proceed completely naturally. Taking into account the above mentioned controversies, in this paper we examine the issue of natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest in detail. In particular, we try to determine to which extent this method of forest reproduction enables re−establishment of compositionally diverse woodland communities, distinguished by a high level of biological diversity and able to provide a wide range of commodities and benefits important for today’s society. Based on an extensive literature review we show that a combination of different (abiotic and biotic) factors, influencing establishment and subsequent growth of seedlings and saplings in the Białowieża Forest has long been strongly unfavorable for many tree species. In this regard, one should particularly emphasize the negative role of large herbivores, especially red deer, which is present in the Białowieża Forest since the end of 19th century, when it became a private hunting ground for Russian tzars. The devastating effect of deer browsing on natural regeneration is a well−documented phenomenon and widely recognized problem in the forestry practice. The fencing of young forest generation against game pressure is an indispensable measure, needed to secure the continuous existence of several tree species (first of all those palatable and vulnerable to browsing). Very strong arguments for an active approach to the described problem delivers also a long−term study on natural forest dynamics conducted since 1936. It shows that under conditions of strict protection the regeneration capacity of the Białowieża tree species is very variable. These differences lead to the compositional simplification and impoverishment of many tree stands, with numerous negative consequences for local biodiversity. We underline that an active management strategy is a basic prerequisite for maintaining a diverse character of the Białowieża stands and their ability to provide all important ecosystem services on a sustainable basis. Such a strategy should include, beside of the phase of establishment, also the subsequent developmental stages of new forest generations. The general goal of such a strategy should be to secure a possibly high diversity of tree composition and to enable the development of tree species representing a full range of life−history strategies and playing different successional roles: from typical pioneer species, through intermediate, to climax species.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 883-896
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura i dynamika wielogeneracyjnych starodrzewów sosnowych występujących w obszarach ochrony ścisłej Kaliszki i Sieraków w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym. Część 2. Procesy zamierania i dorastania oraz ich wpływ na rozkład grubości drzew
    Structure and dynamics of uneven−aged, Scots pine−dominated, old−growth stands in Kaliszki and Sieraków strict reserves in Kampinos National Park. Part 2. Tree mortality and recruitment processes and their effects on tree diameter distributions
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Zajączkowski, J.
    Olszewski, A.
    Bolibok, L.
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Bielak, K.
    Buraczyk, W.
    Drozdowski, S.
    Gawron, L.
    Jastrzębowski, S.
    Szeligowski, H.
    Żybura, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979128.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    demographic non−equilibrium
    diameter structure
    long−term study
    old−growth forest
    permanent study
    plot
    scots pine
    strict protection
    Opis:
    Two fundamental demographic processes (tree recruitment and mortality) are analyzed for forest stands growing on permanent study plots located in strictly protected Scots pine−dominated, old−growth stands of Kampinos National Park (central Poland). The major implications of the observed demographic trends for the general shape of tree size distributions are determined, as well. During the past ca 30 years, in the stands sampled, there was a pronounced lack of balance between mortality and recruitment processes. Mortality rate was eight times higher than recruitment rate. Eventually, there was a net significant decline in population density, observed for all major tree species, including Scots pine, pedunculate oak, silver and downy birch, and black alder. As mortality processes affected mainly smaller trees, there was also a significant deterioration of the general demographic status of most important tree species. This effect was shown by the change of the overall shape of diameter distributions over the study period: from reverse J−shaped to flat curves running nearly parallel to X−axis. The values of recruitment rates were markedly lower, and the values of mortality rates – significantly higher, than analogous values characterizing comparable forests (e.g., those obtained for the natural stands of Białowieża National Park). Low recruitment rates, as obtained for Kampinos stands, suggest that presently, in the local, Scots pine−dominated, old−growth stands, the general conditions for forest regeneration and for maintaining a long−term demographic stability are unfavorable. Most probably, the regeneration of this type of forest has an episodic, ‘wave−like’ character and corresponds to the ‘catastrophic’ model, according to which the successful regeneration of current dominants (especially Scots pine, silver and downy birch, black alder) must be preceded by a stand−initiating (stand−replacing) disturbance, leading to total or partial, but heavy, destruction of the currently existing stand. At the moment, it would be difficult to predict, however, if and when such a disturbance will affect the stands under investigation. Thus, we predict that in the nearest future at least, the state of overall demographic unbalance will continue or even increase.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 06; 443-453
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura i dynamika wielogeneracyjnych starodrzewów sosnowych występujących w obszarach ochrony ścisłej Kaliszki i Sieraków w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym. Część 1. Zróżnicowanie gatunkowe, zagęszczenie i pierśnicowe pole przekroju
    Structure and dynamics of uneven−aged Scots pine−dominated old−growth stands in Kaliszki and Sieraków strict protection areas in the Kampinos National Park. Part 1. Species composition, tree density and basal area
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Zajączkowski, J.
    Olszewski, A.
    Bolibok, L.
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Bielak, K.
    Buraczyk, W.
    Drozdowski, S.
    Gawron, L.
    Jastrzębowski, S.
    Szeligowski, H.
    Żybura, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978936.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    forest dynamics
    long−term research
    old−growth forest
    permanent study plot
    strict protection
    tree
    species composition
    Opis:
    The paper describes changes, which took place over the last 30 years in old−growth forest stands occupying two permanent research plots, established in the Kaliszki and Sieraków strict protection areas in the Kampinos National Park (central Poland). Both plots have a form of ecological transects. The Kaliszki plot is 20 m wide and 700 m long (1.40 ha), while the Sieraków plot (total area of 2.56 ha) consists of two parts: main (40×460 m) and side (40×180 m) transect. In the Kaliszki plot, the stand measurements were conducted in 1993, 2007, and 2017, while in the Sieraków plot – in 1989, 1994, 2006, and 2017. For every tree with breast height diameter (DBH) 5 cm, species identity, DBH and spatial coordinates were determined. Starting from the second census, all trees which had died (‘losses’), as well as trees which exceeded the DBH threshold (‘gains’) since the previous record were noted, as well. The major tree species occurring on sample plots are Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur), silver and downy birch (Betula sp.), and black alder (Alnus glutinosa). During the study period, the overall tree density declined by ca. 50%. The diminishing trends occurred for all dominant tree species. In contrast to major, dominant tree species, the demographic status of a group of minor tree species (lime, hornbeam and maple) was much more stable. One may even speak about some expansion in this case. Particularly, hornbeam density increased rapidly in the period 2006−2017 in some areas of the main transect located in the Sieraków plot. The future studies will show if this tendency will be maintained and will include other regions of sample plots. Assuming a lack of significant disturbances, one may expect that the stands growing on research plots will rather slowly change in the nearest future. Most dynamics will have a quantitative and not qualitative character. One may anticipate, for example, a growing role of pedunculate oak at the expense of Scots pine, however, considering that the two species are rather long−living, they will probably for a long time keep their dominant roles in the stand canopies.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 392-403
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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