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Tytuł:
Uważność a radzenie sobie ze stresem u kobiet i mężczyzn
Mindfulness and coping with stress in women and men
Autorzy:
Stańko-Kaczmarek, Maja
Kardasz, Łukasz
Koza, Joanna
Piwońska, Małgorzata
Siwińska, Wiktoria
Sokołowska, Kaja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28762792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
mindfulness
trait
stress
women
men
Opis:
The study aimed to expand knowledge of the relationship between mindfulness trait and coping styles in stressful situations, taking into account gender differences. Based on previous research findings, it was expected that mindfulness would be positively associated with Active Coping and Seeking Support styles and negatively associated with Avoidant Coping and Helplessness styles. In addition, differences in levels of mindfulness and coping styles were expected between women and men, as well as a moderating effect of gender on the relationship between mindfulness and coping styles. The study included 259 participants. The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory in the short version and the Mini-CO PE Inventory were used. A positive correlation was observed between the level of mindfulness and strategies from the Active coping group. A negative correlation between mindfulness and Helplessness strategies was also found. The results also showed that women had significantly lower levels of the mindfulness trait and a greater tendency to use the Support Seeking, Avoidant Behavior, and Helplessness styles than men. In addition, women with higher mindfulness had a lower tendency to use the Helplessness style, while this relationship was not significant for men. The study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between mindfulness and stress coping by gender.
Źródło:
Człowiek i Społeczeństwo; 2023, 55; 141-162
0239-3271
Pojawia się w:
Człowiek i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physical Activity among Women and Men in Time Off from Work
Autorzy:
Gorbaniuk, Julia
Chuchra, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2036279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
physical activity
motor activity
women
men
Opis:
Introduction. Research on the literature shows different and sometimes contradictory data about the physical activities of women and men. Aim. The goal of the research study is to compare selected aspects of physical activity in women and men. Material and methods. 100 men and 100 women were selected and tested using the “pairing method” and examined in terms of four variables: place of residence, education, marital status and age. A specially prepared survey questionnaire was used. Results. Men and women differ in terms of certain aspects of physical activity (especially its types), while their motivations and limitations only slightly differ. Conclusions. Women significantly more often prefer walking as a physical activity, while men prefer running, swimming, and using the weight room and gym for team sports. On working days, women have significantly less free time than men. The only motivating factor for physical activity that differentiates both groups is the “beauty” motif that is more often present in women. The groups do not differ in terms of obstacles keeping them from undertaking physical activity, although women more often reported a lack of time.
Źródło:
Roczniki Teologiczne; 2018, 65, 10 English Online Version; 165-178
2353-7272
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Teologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza wybranych zmiennych psychologicznych u mężczyzn i kobiet uzależnionych od alkoholu. Wstępne wyniki
The analysis of chosen psychological variables among alcohol dependent males and females. Preliminary report
Autorzy:
Chodkiewicz, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2139647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
alcohol addiction
men
women
psychological variable
Opis:
The aim of the study is to compare the level of psychological variables among male and female alcoholics beginning therapy. The following psychological variables was examined: stress intensity, coping with stress strategies, expectations and convictions (a sense of self-worth and efficacy, acceptance of illness, life satisfaction, optimism, health value), emotions variables (control of anger, anxiety and depression and the level of anxiety as a state and trait). 109 alcohol dependent people participated in the study – 47 women and 62 men. There were a lot of statistical differences between those two groups. These differences are associated with stress intensity, strategies of coping with stress, a sense of self-worth and efficacy, illness acceptance, depression and the level of anxiety as a trait. The observed differences can guide the treatment of alcohol dependent woman.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica; 2005, 09; 55-64
2353-4842
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Female Revolution behind the Camera
Kobieca rewolucja za kamerą
Autorzy:
Tambor, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1198011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
film
kino
kobieta
mężczyzna
cinema
women
men
Opis:
The paper addresses the issue of discrimination against women in the world of cinema. The author examines the successive stages of the struggle pursued by women of cinema for equality and fair treatment in an industry dominated and ruled by men. The discussion covers the most important campaigns and movements challenging gender discrimination, such as #MeToo in the U.S. or the European #nobodysdoll, as well as watershed events from the author’s point of view, including the Oscar for Kathryn Bigelow – the first woman in history to receive the award for best director, Harvey Weinstein’s conviction for sexual assault, and the leak of Sony’s confidential financial documents. The public disclosure of these facts triggered a process that should be referred to as gender equalisation in the film industry. The author also takes a look at the latest events in the industry, such as Agnieszka Holland’s election as president of the European Film Academy. In addition, the paper also comments on the aspect of feminine nouns in Polish and the attitude towards them on the part of the women they are supposed to describe. Information is provided on the U.S. and European cinema markets, as well as some diagnoses of problems appearing so far and suggested solutions.
Artykuł porusza problem dyskryminacji kobiet w świecie filmu. Autorka przygląda się kolejnym etapom walki kobiet kina o równouprawnienie i sprawiedliwe traktowanie w zdominowanej i rządzonej przez mężczyzn branży. Omówione zostają najważniejsze z perspektywy problematyki dyskryminacji płciowej akcje i ruchy, jak: amerykańskie #MeToo czy europejskie #nobodysdoll, ale także przełomowe z punktu widzenia autorki wydarzenia m.in.: Oscar dla Kathryn Bigelow – pierwszej w historii kobiety reżyserki wyróżnionej tą nagrodą, skazanie Harveya Weinsteina za molestowanie aktorek czy wyciek tajnych dokumentów finansowych firmy Sony. Ujawnienie wielu faktów rozpoczęło proces, który należałoby nazwać wyrównywaniem szans między płciami w branży filmowej. Autorka przywołuje także ostatnie wydarzenia, do których doszło w świecie kina, np. wybór Agnieszki Holland na prezydentkę Europejskiej Akademii Filmowej. W artykule zamieszczono ponadto komentarz dotyczący feminatywów w języku polskim i stosunku kobiet do nazw żeńskich. W tekście można znaleźć informacje zarówno o amerykańskim, jak i europejskim rynku kinowym, a także diagnozy dotychczasowych problemów i propozycje ich rozwiązań.
Źródło:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne; 2021, 27, 1; 193-214
1898-1593
2353-9844
Pojawia się w:
Postscriptum Polonistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zaburzenia osobowości u kobiet i mężczyzn. Przegląd literatury
Personality Disorders in Women and Men. Review of the Literature
Autorzy:
Ochojska, Danuta
Pasternak, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2042746.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Tematy:
zaburzenia osobowości
kobiety
mężczyźni
personality disorders
women
men
Opis:
Badania dotyczące osób z zaburzeniami osobowości uwzględniają różne aspekty ich funkcjonowania, trudności diagnostyczne oraz uwarunkowania nieprawidłowości w rozwoju osobowości. Zmienną, którą w tych analizach uwzględniono, jest płeć. Poniższy przegląd badań odnosi się głównie do różnic i podobieństw pomiędzy kobietami i mężczyznami pod kątem specyfiki zaburzeń osobowości.
Studies on people with personality disorders take into account different aspects of their functioning, diagnostic difficulties and determinants of abnormalities in personality development. Themain variable that is considered in these this article is gender. The present overview mainly refersto the differences and similarities between men and women in terms of the specificity of personality disorders.
Źródło:
Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka; 2019, 10 Numer specjalny, 1; 68-73
2080-9069
Pojawia się w:
Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Komizm [Comism]
Autorzy:
Bystroń, Jan Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/643829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Bystroń
women
men
gender
women’s labour
society
Opis:
BystronaliaNowa odsłona SLH powstała pod patronatem Jana Stanisława Bystronia, jednego z niewielu polskich etnografów świadomych szkodliwości megalomanii narodowej i irracjonalności przesądów dotyczących obcych. Etnografia w odmianie Volkskunde rozwijała się w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej przeważnie na podłożu volkizmu. Etnografia Bystronia była jednym z chwalebnych wyjątków od tej reguły.
Źródło:
Studia Litteraria et Historica; 2016, 5
2299-7571
Pojawia się w:
Studia Litteraria et Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of individual finger skin temperature on vibrotactile perception threshold
Autorzy:
Harazin, Barbara
Harazin-Lechowska, Agnieszka
Kałamarz, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2179067.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-01
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
vibrotactile perception threshold
finger skin temperature
women
men
Opis:
Objectives: In healthy people, the vibrotactile perception threshold (VPT) at fingertips depends on a given measurement method and on individual characteristics such as age, gender and finger skin temperature. The aim of the study was to compare the VPT values in 2 groups of healthy subjects with different finger skin temperature. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised 56 males and 76 females, who formed pairs matched with respect to age, gender and body mass index (BMI) but differing in terms of finger skin temperature at pre-launch testing. The finger skin temperature of less than 29°C indicated the subjects with "cold hands" and that of more than 29°C, the subjects with "warm hands". The measuring system made use of P8 pallesthesiometer (EMSON-MAT, Poland) and the measurement procedure was in compliance with the ISO 13091-1:2001 standard. VPT measurements were performed for the index, middle and ring fingers of both hands at the frequencies of 4 Hz, 25 Hz, 31.5 Hz, 63 Hz, 125 Hz and 250 Hz. Results: The findings of the study revealed that the mean VPTs among the subjects with "cold hands" were significantly higher than the corresponding values among the subjects with "warm hands". Conclusions: The type of individual peripheral thermoregulation should be considered when assessing the VPT and determining its reference values.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2013, 26, 6; 930-939
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Macbeth Effect
Autorzy:
Sharma, Madi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/462037.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
EESC
women
men
gender
equality
sustainable growth
democracy
Opis:
This article is about gender equality in teh process of decision making at the EESC, which is an advisory body of the European Parliament. As the embodiment of civil society in Europe, the role of the EESC is to promote participatory democracy and the values upon which European integration is founded. But women are rarely member of EESC. In fact women represent 51% of society, if they do not have an equal representation - in effect the majority is being turned into the minority. If we accept that democracy is a mere concept and not reality, then we do not have gender balance in the decision-making process, which leads to policies bein set by men for men. Gender equality as a fundamental right and a commonvalue in the EU. The following is an unique compilation of views, articles and opinion expressed by Madi Shrama in her work as an entrepreneur, a member of the European Economic and Social Committee and a freelance journalist.
Źródło:
Uniwersyteckie Czasopismo Socjologiczne; 2015, 11; 61-66
2299-2367
Pojawia się w:
Uniwersyteckie Czasopismo Socjologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Misja: dziecko. Kobiety i mężczyźni wobec rodzicielstwa i prokreacji
Mission: child. Women and men towards parenthood and procreation
Autorzy:
Zygmunt, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
rodzicielstwo
prokreacja
dzietność
kobiety
mężczyźni
parenthood
procreation
fertilit
women
men
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczących uwarunkowań planów i decyzji prokreacyjnych przeprowadzonych wśród kobiet i mężczyzn zamieszkujących województwo śląskie. Badania zostały zrealizowane w 2016 roku na próbie 1000 mieszkańców województwa śląskiego, będących w wieku 18-39 lat. Do ich przeprowadzenia wykorzystano metodę sondażu, przy zastosowaniu techniki wywiadu kwestionariuszowego. Zaprezentowane analizy są ukierunkowane na udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytania o plany prokreacyjne kobiet i mężczyzn, o powody, dla których mają lub chcą mieć dzieci, a także o działania, które są skłonni podjąć w celu realizacji swoich planów związanych z posiadaniem i wychowaniem dzieci. Porównanie opinii i deklaracji kobiet i mężczyzn, będących w wieku właściwym dla prokreacji, ma stanowić przyczynek do dyskusji wokół ewentualnych różnic w podejściu do rodzicielstwa oraz czynników determinujących decyzje dotyczące posiadania dzieci. Wyniki badań pozwalają stwierdzić, że posiadanie potomstwa i bycie rodzicem jest ważne zarówno dla kobiet, jak i dla mężczyzn. Można jednak zauważyć pewne zróżnicowanie powodów, dla których kobiety i mężczyźni chcą być rodzicami. Ponadto to kobiety skłonne są do nieco większych wyrzeczeń i wysiłków ukierunkowanych na realizację planów prokreacyjnych niż mężczyźni.
The aim of the paper is to presents the results of research on the determinants of reproductive plans and decisions conducted among women and men. The research was carried out in 2016 on a sample of 1,000 inhabitants of the Śląskie Voivodeship, aged 18-39. The survey method was used to conduct them, using the questionnaire interview technique. The presented analyzes are focused on answering questions concerning reproductive plans of women and men, the reasons why they have or want to have children, as well as the effort that they are willing to take in order to implement their plans related to having and raising children. The aim of the comparison of opinions and declarations of women and men at reproductive age is to contribute to the discussion around possible differences in the approach to parenthood and factors determining the decisions on having children. Research results show that having children and being a parent is important for both women and men. However, there are some differences in the reasons why men and women want to be parents. In addition, women are willing to slightly greater sacrifices and efforts aimed at implementing reproductive plans than men.
Źródło:
Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów; 2020, 21; 377-392
2084-2740
Pojawia się w:
Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of caffeine intake with food by Polish females and males
Autorzy:
Malczyk, E.
Wyka, J.
Malczyk, A.
Larma, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085938.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
caffeine
caffeine intake with food
Polska
women
men
kofeina
Polska
kobiety
mezczyzni
Opis:
Background. Caffeine is the most widespread psychoactive substance in the world. With long-term consumption of caffeinated beverages, there is a high probability of overtaking on caffeine. Objective. The aim of the study was to estimate the consumption of caffeine in the daily caffeine intake of Polish consumers, determine the caffeinated products in the intake of this substance. Materials and methods. The survey was completed by 433 respondents living in Poland. The research tool was the electronic questionnaire, which consisted of: a) questions about personal data and measurement anthropometric and the level of physical activity and smoking; b) questions regarding the portion size and frequency of consumption of coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, energy drinks and colacarbonated beverages. Results. The main sources of caffeine in the respondents' diet include: coffee (Me 43.64 mg/d) and tea (Me 37.60 mg/d). Approximately 20% of respondents exceeded the threshold of daily caffeine intake (safety level for children and adolescents up to 3 mg/kg b.w, for adults up to 5.7 mg/kg b.w), considered safe. Conclusions. Respondents who have crossed the safe dose of caffeine intake, should limit the consumption of products being its main source (coffee)
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2021, 72, 3; 273-280
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktywność kobiet na tle mężczyzn w sferze zawodowej w Polsce wschodniej
WOMEN’S AND MEN’S PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY IN EASTERN POLAND
Autorzy:
Leśniak-Moczuk, Krystyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/561518.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo HUMANICA
Tematy:
kobiety
mężczyźni
sfera zawodowa
wschodnie województwa
women
men
occupational sphere
eastern voivodships
Opis:
W artykule dokonano oceny usytuowania kobiet w sferze zawodowej w odniesieniu do mężczyzn na podstawie wskaźników: wykształcenie, aktywność zawodowa, zatrudnienie, bezrobocie, pracujący według sektorów ekonomicznych, wynagrodzenia, zwolnienia z pracy i przyjęcia do pracy, migracje zagraniczne oraz czynniki przedsiębiorczości. Przedmiotem analizy są wskaźniki z 2014-2015 r. w pięciu wschodnich województwach (lubelskie, podkarpackie, podlaskie, świętokrzyskie, warmińsko-mazurskie) na tle Polski.
The article evaluates the location of women in the professional sphere in relation to men based on indicators: education, occupational activity, employment, unemployment, working according to economic sectors, wages, dismissals from work and employment, foreign migrations and entrepreneurial factors. The subject of the analysis are indicators from 2014-2015 in five eastern voivodships (Lubelskie, Podkarpackie, Podlasie, Świętokrzyskie, Warmia and Mazury) against the background of Poland.
Źródło:
Czasopismo Naukowe Instytutu Studiów Kobiecych; 2018, 1(4); 112-136
2451-3539
2543-7011
Pojawia się w:
Czasopismo Naukowe Instytutu Studiów Kobiecych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktywność fizyczna kobiet i mężczyzn w czasie wolnym od pracy
Physical Activity among Women and Men in Time off from Work
Autorzy:
Gorbaniuk, Julia
Chuchra, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2036278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
aktywność fizyczna
aktywność ruchowa
kobiety
mężczyźni
physical activity
motor activity
women
men
Opis:
Wprowadzenie. Analiza literatury ukazuje zróżnicowane, a niekiedy sprzeczne dane dotyczące aktywności fizycznej kobiet i mężczyzn. Cel. Celem pracy jest porównanie wybranych aspektów aktywności ruchowej kobiet i mężczyzn. Przedmiot i metody. Przebadano 100 mężczyzn i 100 kobiet dobierając osoby badane „metodą doboru parami” pod względem czterech zmiennych: miejsca zamieszkania, wykształcenia, stanu cywilnego oraz wieku. Posłużono się zbudowanym kwestionariuszem ankiety. Wyniki. Mężczyźni i kobiety w zakresie pewnych aspektów aktywności ruchowej (zwłaszcza jej form) różnią się, natomiast w odniesieniu do motywów i przeszkód wykazano niewielkie różnice. Wnioski. Kobiety istotnie częściej jako aktywność ruchową preferują spacery, natomiast mężczyźni bieganie, pływanie, korzystanie z siłowni oraz z sal gimnastycznych do gier zespołowych. Kobiety w dni robocze posiadają znacząco mniej czasu wolnego niż mężczyźni. Jedynym czynnikiem inspirującym do aktywności ruchowej, różnicującym obydwie grupy, jest istotnie częściej występujący u kobiet motyw „dla urody”. Obydwie grupy nie różnią się ze względu na przeszkody utrudniające im podejmowanie aktywności fizycznej, chociaż kobiety częściej stwierdzają brak czasu.
Introduction. Research on the literature shows different and sometimes contradictory data on the physical activities of women and men. Aim. The goal of the research study is to compare selected aspects of physical activity in women and men. Material and methods. 100 men and 100 women were selected and tested using the “pairing method” and examined in terms of four variables: place of residence, education, marital status and age. A specially prepared survey questionnaire was used. Results. Men and women differ in terms of certain aspects of physical activity (especially its forms), while their motivations and limitations only slightly differ. Conclusions. Women significantly more often prefer walking as a physical activity, while men prefer running, swimming, and using the weight room and gym for team sports. On working days, women have significantly less free time than men. The only motivating factor for physical activity that differentiates both groups is the “beauty” motif that is more often present in women. Both groups do not differ in terms of obstacles keeping them from undertaking physical activity, although women more often report lack of time.
Źródło:
Roczniki Teologiczne; 2018, 65, 10; 161-175
2353-7272
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Teologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The human balance system and gender
Autorzy:
Olchowik, G.
Tomaszewski, M.
Olejarz, P.
Warchoł, J.
Różańska-Boczula, M.
Maciejewski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
wzrost
waga
BMI
gender
kobieta
mężczyzna
computerised dynamic posturography
height
weight
women
men
Opis:
The human body balance system is a complex system of organs and mechanisms, which generate postural reactions to counter the displacement from the equilibrium position of the body centre of gravity, and which control eye movement in order to maintain a stable image of the environment. Computerised Dynamic Posturography (CDP) allows for a quantitative and objective assessment of the sensory and motor components of the body balance control system as well as of the integration and adaptive mechanisms in the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to determine the differences, when maintaining body balance, based on the gender of young, healthy people using CDP. The study was carried out on a group of 43 healthy subjects by comparing the effectiveness of the balance system in 22 women and 21 men aged between 20 and 26 years, between 171 and 177 cm in height, and without any clinical symptoms of balance disorders. The men and women were selected such that they did not differ significantly in height and BMI. Using the Equitest posturograph manufactured by NeuroCom International Inc. the following tests were performed: Sensory Organisation Test (SOT), Motor Control Test (MCT) and the Adaptation Test (ADT). The gender of young healthy individuals without any clinical symptoms of balance disorders also does not affect the effectiveness of the sensory system and the use of this signal in maintaining body balance.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2015, 17, 1; 69-74
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stosunek społeczeństwa kościoła do sierpniowego apelu o trzeźwość
Social response to the church appeal for sobriety of August 1984
Autorzy:
Bielewicz, Antoni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699273.pdf
Data publikacji:
1989
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
mężczyźni
abstynencja
church
appeal
sobriety
society
representative
alcoholism
alcohol
August
women
men
abstinence
test
Opis:
On the last Sunday of July, 1984, a bishops pastoral was read out for the first time in all Polish churches: it contained an appeal to the nation to abstain from vodka and to be moderate in consumption of other alcoholic beverages throughout August, a special month in the history of Poland. The appeal has a special position in the Church's postwar activities aimed at ,,sobering the nation up". Its chief novelty is the way in which the need for such renouncement is grounded. The authors cite first and foremost the national values: ,Forty years ago, Warsaw ran with blood. It is the highest time now for (...) Poles to bring themselves to a definite act of sobriety as a tribute to those who fell in the streets of Warsaw fighting for freedom and in the name of the noblest ideals. (...) May this great nationwide abstention from vodka become the Nation's moral rising against subjugation which finds one of its most tragic expressions in drunkenness (...). May this be a rising against this aspect of incapacitation of the Polish nation". A similar appeal was also issued a year later and in 1986; in the latter case, it was for total abstinence.               In 1986, a study was carried out at the Lublin Catholic University. It was to define: 1) the range of social backing for the Church appeal of August 1984; 2) the social circles in which the backing was greater vs. smaller; and 3) the state authorities attitude towards that initiative. Examined was a nationwide representative sample of 2,105 persons aged at least 18.               A decided rnajority of Polish society were well-disposed towards the Church's August initiative, 80 per cent of the examined persons expressing a favourable opinion about the appeal. Every fifth respondent voiced his fullest approval. Also most of the examined persons stressed the Church's high prestige and social authority in their statements: in their opinion, these factors should contribute to a higher social approval of the appeal. Others who also backed the appeal pointed to the dangers that result from drunkenness and alcoholism. In many cases) the respondents added to their statements various relevant postulates which they believed the society and government ought to meet. ,,There was a great need for such an appeal'', said one of the respondents, ,,all Polish people should back it." Another one said, In my opinion, this (initiative) is super. The government should give all its backing to it."              About 7 per cent of the respondents were ill-disposed towards the August appeal. Some of them thought it to be senseless; but others were highly aggressive towards it. ,,A clerical whim", was one of such opinions. Women were much better-disposed towards the Church's initiative than men. The Episcopate's pastoral received the warmest reception in medium-sized and big towns, and the coolest-in small towns. Those with secondary and incomplete elementary education were most favourable towards the appeal than intellectuals, and than factorymen in particular.                The respondents were rather skeptical about the results of such appeals. Of the 829 persons who expressed their opinion about this problem, only 16.5 per cent believed such initiatives to be generally effective. They thought most of the nation would comply with the appeal which might thus ,,stop the extention of  drunkenness’’ or ,, hold the nation on the edge of a precipice’’. Their optimistic attitudes resulted from their recent observations. A considerable group of respondents saw ,, a smaller number of drunks in the streets of Polish towns in August’’. About 15 per cent of those who expressed their opinion about this problem estimated the August appeal not to be very effective and thought only the ,,deepest believers’’ would comply with it. 16 per cent of the respondents were ambivalent, and the largest proportion, about 34 per cent of the examined persons, found the Church’s August initiative to be ineffective. Most of the latter thought this situation to result from the fact that ,, those who drink never go to church’’.                 As follows from the study, 10.5 per cent of adult Poles gave their active backing to the August appeal. This means that about 2.8 million of Poles abstained from alcohol in August 1986, thus expressing their solidarity with the Church appeal. Interesting are motives that actuated the decision to comply with the appeal for sobriety. Among them, the motives of a social nature prevail, with over two-thirds of the discussed group of respondents stating that they found the appeal to be just and useful and hence supported it, or that they wanted this way to contribute to the reduction of drinking and alcoholism in Poland, or believed alcohol to bring about much unhappiness and suffering. About 30 per cent of this group mentioned religious motives, including about 27 per cent who were actuated by general, and 3 per cent by personal religious reasons. Women’s response to the appeal was much more favourable than that of men: 12.7 per cent of adult Polish women complied with the appeal for sobriety, as compared with 8 per cent only of adult men. Persons aged over 60 gave the strongest backing to the appeal; also those in their forties and fifties were well-disposed to that initiative. It won but a weak support of the youth, and the least favourable were those aged 26-40. The higher educated circles were less willing to comply with the appeal than those with a lower level of education. The appeal proved most convincing for the population of medium-sized towns and communes; instead, the inhabitants of small towns and big cities were most reserved towards it. Among the professionally active, peasants and intellectuals were much better-disposed towards the bishops pastoral than entrepreneurs, workmen, and especially peasants who have extra jobs as workmen. Of those who are not employed pensioners and housewives were equally inclined to support the appeal, this tendency being weaker among students and schoolchildren. A strong correlation was found between the attitude towards the appeal and religious observance. The church-going persons were better-disposed towards the appeal than those who practice occasionally or not at all. A relation was also found between a Party or trade-union membership and the attitude towards the appeal. Members of the Polish United Workers Party were more critical towards it than persons with no party affiliation; a similar interdependence found also in the case of trade-unions membership.                As shown by statistical analysis, the following traits are most strongly correlated with the attitude towards the appeal: regularity of religious practices on holidays: sex; socio-professional group ; age; type  and size of locality; education; membership of the Polish United Worker’s Party and trade-unions.
                On the last Sunday of July, 1984, a bishops pastoral was read out for the first time in all Polish churches: it contained an appeal to the nation to abstain from vodka and to be moderate in consumption of other alcoholic beverages throughout August, a special month in the history of Poland. The appeal has a special position in the Church's postwar activities aimed at ,,sobering the nation up". Its chief novelty is the way in which the need for such renouncement is grounded. The authors cite first and foremost the national values: ,Forty years ago, Warsaw ran with blood. It is the highest time now for (...) Poles to bring themselves to a definite act of sobriety as a tribute to those who fell in the streets of Warsaw fighting for freedom and in the name of the noblest ideals. (...) May this great nationwide abstention from vodka become the Nation's moral rising against subjugation which finds one of its most tragic expressions in drunkenness (...). May this be a rising against this aspect of incapacitation of the Polish nation". A similar appeal was also issued a year later and in 1986; in the latter case, it was for total abstinence.               In 1986, a study was carried out at the Lublin Catholic University. It was to define: 1) the range of social backing for the Church appeal of August 1984; 2) the social circles in which the backing was greater vs. smaller; and 3) the state authorities attitude towards that initiative. Examined was a nationwide representative sample of 2,105 persons aged at least 18.               A decided rnajority of Polish society were well-disposed towards the Church's August initiative, 80 per cent of the examined persons expressing a favourable opinion about the appeal. Every fifth respondent voiced his fullest approval. Also most of the examined persons stressed the Church's high prestige and social authority in their statements: in their opinion, these factors should contribute to a higher social approval of the appeal. Others who also backed the appeal pointed to the dangers that result from drunkenness and alcoholism. In many cases) the respondents added to their statements various relevant postulates which they believed the society and government ought to meet. ,,There was a great need for such an appeal'', said one of the respondents, ,,all Polish people should back it." Another one said, In my opinion, this (initiative) is super. The government should give all its backing to it."              About 7 per cent of the respondents were ill-disposed towards the August appeal. Some of them thought it to be senseless; but others were highly aggressive towards it. ,,A clerical whim", was one of such opinions. Women were much better-disposed towards the Church's initiative than men. The Episcopate's pastoral received the warmest reception in medium-sized and big towns, and the coolest-in small towns. Those with secondary and incomplete elementary education were most favourable towards the appeal than intellectuals, and than factorymen in particular.                The respondents were rather skeptical about the results of such appeals. Of the 829 persons who expressed their opinion about this problem, only 16.5 per cent believed such initiatives to be generally effective. They thought most of the nation would comply with the appeal which might thus ,,stop the extention of  drunkenness’’ or ,, hold the nation on the edge of a precipice’’. Their optimistic attitudes resulted from their recent observations. A considerable group of respondents saw ,, a smaller number of drunks in the streets of Polish towns in August’’. About 15 per cent of those who expressed their opinion about this problem estimated the August appeal not to be very effective and thought only the ,,deepest believers’’ would comply with it. 16 per cent of the respondents were ambivalent, and the largest proportion, about 34 per cent of the examined persons, found the Church’s August initiative to be ineffective. Most of the latter thought this situation to result from the fact that ,, those who drink never go to church’’.                 As follows from the study, 10.5 per cent of adult Poles gave their active backing to the August appeal. This means that about 2.8 million of Poles abstained from alcohol in August 1986, thus expressing their solidarity with the Church appeal. Interesting are motives that actuated the decision to comply with the appeal for sobriety. Among them, the motives of a social nature prevail, with over two-thirds of the discussed group of respondents stating that they found the appeal to be just and useful and hence supported it, or that they wanted this way to contribute to the reduction of drinking and alcoholism in Poland, or believed alcohol to bring about much unhappiness and suffering. About 30 per cent of this group mentioned religious motives, including about 27 per cent who were actuated by general, and 3 per cent by personal religious reasons. Women’s response to the appeal was much more favourable than that of men: 12.7 per cent of adult Polish women complied with the appeal for sobriety, as compared with 8 per cent only of adult men. Persons aged over 60 gave the strongest backing to the appeal; also those in their forties and fifties were well-disposed to that initiative. It won but a weak support of the youth, and the least favourable were those aged 26-40. The higher educated circles were less willing to comply with the appeal than those with a lower level of education. The appeal proved most convincing for the population of medium-sized towns and communes; instead, the inhabitants of small towns and big cities were most reserved towards it. Among the professionally active, peasants and intellectuals were much better-disposed towards the bishops pastoral than entrepreneurs, workmen, and especially peasants who have extra jobs as workmen. Of those who are not employed pensioners and housewives were equally inclined to support the appeal, this tendency being weaker among students and schoolchildren. A strong correlation was found between the attitude towards the appeal and religious observance. The church-going persons were better-disposed towards the appeal than those who practice occasionally or not at all. A relation was also found between a Party or trade-union membership and the attitude towards the appeal. Members of the Polish United Workers Party were more critical towards it than persons with no party affiliation; a similar interdependence found also in the case of trade-unions membership.                As shown by statistical analysis, the following traits are most strongly correlated with the attitude towards the appeal: regularity of religious practices on holidays: sex; socio-professional group ; age; type  and size of locality; education; membership of the Polish United Worker’s Party and trade-unions.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1989, XVI; 101-139
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PSYCHOTERAPEUCI O KLIENTKACH I KLIENTACH –PŁEĆ SPOŁECZNO-KULTUROWA JAKO KATEGORIA ANALIZY WZORÓW FUNKCJONOWANIA KOBIET I MĘŻCZYZN W PROCESIE PSYCHOTERAPII
PSYCHOTHERAPISTS ON THEIR FEMALE AND MALE CLIENTS: GENDER AS A CATEGORY FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PATTERNS OF WOMEN AND MEN FUNCTIONING IN THE PROCESS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY
Autorzy:
Frąckowiak-Sochańska, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/423926.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Lubuskie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
women
men
gender
mental health
psychotherapy
kobiety
mężczyźni
płeć społeczno-kulturowa
zdrowie psychiczne
psychoterapia
Opis:
This article locates itself within the field of social studies with a special focus on the overlap between sociology and psychology. It attempts to answer the question to what extent the problems affecting the mental health of women and men reflect certain constructions of gender that function in modern society. The empirical basis of the article is data obtained during in-depth interviews with psychotherapists. This data was analyzed in accordance with the rules of the Grounded Theory Method. The research shows that gender is a category commonly used in summaries and interpretations of experiences of individuals. The analysis of the research material makes it possible to identify the most important problems of mental health of women and men, and to deduce directions and mechanisms of changes in gender schemes realized by women and men.
Niniejszy artykuł sytuuje się w ramach nauk społecznych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem pogranicza socjologii oraz psychologii. Jego celem jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, na ile problemy zdrowia psychicznego kobiet i mężczyzn odzwierciedlają określone konstrukcje płci społeczno-kulturowej funkcjonujące we współczesnym społeczeństwie. Podstawę empiryczną artykułu stanowią dane uzyskane na podstawie wywiadów pogłębionych z psychoterapeutami. Dane te były analizowane zgodnie z zasadami metodologii teorii ugruntowanej. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że płeć społeczno-kulturowa stanowi kategorię powszechnie stosowaną w celu podsumowań oraz interpretacji doświadczeń osób badanych. Analiza materiału badawczego pozwoliła również wyodrębnić najistotniejsze problemy zdrowia psychicznego kobiet i mężczyzn oraz wnioskować o kierunkach i mechanizmach zmian schematów płci społeczno-kulturowej realizowanych przez kobiety i mężczyzn
Źródło:
Rocznik Lubuski; 2016, 42, 1; 193-211
0485-3083
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Lubuski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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