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    Tytuł:
    Z Polin do Grodu Antenora. Wyprawy żydowskich studentów po nauki do Padwy w czasach I Rzeczypospolitej
    From Polin to the City of Antenor. Jewish Medics’ Educational Expeditions to Padua in the Ages of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Autorzy:
    Marchel, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26850486.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Zamojska
    Tematy:
    Padua
    polish students
    medics
    university
    Jews
    Padwa
    studenci
    medycy
    uniwersytet
    Żydzi
    Opis:
    Wśród studiujących w Padwie przybyszy z Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów, o których wiemy z zachowanych archiwaliów uniwersyteckich, znalazło się kilkunastu Żydów. Ich obecność w gronie scholarów uczęszczających na zajęcia medyczne prowadzone w ramach Uniwersytetu Artystów, traktowana jest w historiografii zarówno jako przejaw tolerancji władz Gymnasium Patavinum, jak i dowód na istnienie w państwie polsko-litewskim swobód religijnych niespotykanych w innych zakątkach ówczesnej Europy. W niniejszym artykule, bazując na materiale źródłowym i dotychczasowych ustaleniach badaczy, przedstawiam krótką analizę sytuacji studentów żydowskich, uczących się w padewskim „Ateneum” w XVII i XVIII wieku. Ponadto, śledząc przebieg karier wybranych lekarzy pochodzenia żydowskiego w Rzeczpospolitej, poszukuję odpowiedzi na pytania o inspiracje i pragnienia, tkwiące u podstaw decyzji o podjęciu nauki w Grodzie Antenora.
    Among the students from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Padua, of whom we know from archival materials, we can find several Jews. Their presence among the students attending medical lectures at the University of Artists is treated in historiography as a manifestation of the tolerance of the Gymnasium Patavinum authorities and as proof of the existence of religious freedom in the Polish-Lithuanian state, unheard of in other parts of Europe at that time. In this article, relying on archival sources and previous establishments of the researchers, I present a short analysis of the Jewish students’ situation in Padua’s Atheneum. Furthermore, following the careers of selected medics with Jewish ancestry in the First Republic of Poland, I try to find answers to the questions concerning the inspirations and desires that underlied their decisions to study in the City of Antenor.
    Źródło:
    Studia Żydowskie. Almanach; 2022, 12; 27-40
    2083-5574
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Żydowskie. Almanach
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Medyczne i pozamedyczne inspiracje polskich studentów sztuki lekarskiej na Uniwersytecie Padewskim w XVI i XVII wieku
    Medical and Non-Medical Inspirations of Polish Medical Students at the University of Padua in the 16th and 17th Centuries
    Autorzy:
    Marchel, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26850507.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Zamojska
    Tematy:
    Padua
    Polish students
    Polish physicians
    university
    health culture
    physical culture
    University of Padua
    Padwa
    polscy studenci
    polscy medycy
    uniwersytet
    kultura zdrowotna
    kultura fizyczna
    Uniwersytet Padewski
    Opis:
    Wśród celów podróży edukacyjnych obywateli I Rzeczypospolitej Padwa zajmowała miejsce szczególne. Przyczyną tego był przede wszystkim funkcjonujący w mieście nad kanałem Bacchiglione uniwersytet, stanowiący główny ośrodek naukowy Republiki Weneckiej, który przez dziesięciolecia przyciągał znamienitych uczonych. W XVI i XVII stuleciu zwłaszcza studia medyczne na padewskiej uczelni stały się pragnieniem wszystkich, którzy chcieli szczycić się gruntownym wykształceniem, zdobytym pod okiem najtęższych umysłów ówczesnej Europy. Do miasta, zwanego Grodem Antenora, przybywali zarówno adepci sztuki lekarskiej, jak i żądni światowego obycia członkowie rodów szlacheckich. W artykule podjęto próbę wskazania różnych aspektów owych pobytów w Padwie, które bezpośrednio lub pośrednio mogły wpływać na przemiany zachodzące w obszarze szeroko pojmowanej kultury zdrowotnej na ziemiach polsko-litewskich.
    Among the educational destinations chosen by the citizens of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Padua occupied a prominent position. This was primarily due to the city’s esteemed university, situated along the Bacchiglione canal. Serving as the principal intellectual hub of the Venetian Republic, the university had attracted distinguished scholars for centuries. In the 16th and 17th centuries, it was especially the university’s medical studies that became popular among those seeking to boast a comprehensive education, acquired under the tutelage of Europe’s finest minds. Aspiring medical practitioners and members of noble families alike flocked to the City of Antenor, as Padua was called, in pursuit of erudition and cosmopolitan refinement. This article aims to elucidate the multifaceted dimensions of these sojourns in Padua, which exerted direct or indirect influences on the transformations in the broadly understood health culture of the Polish-Lithuanian territories.
    Źródło:
    Facta Simonidis; 2023, 16, 1; 101-120
    1899-3109
    Pojawia się w:
    Facta Simonidis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cultural, Class, or Scientific Aspirations? Polish Jews at the University of Padua
    Aspirazioni culturali, di classe o scientifiche? Ebrei polacchi all’Università di Padova
    Autorzy:
    Marchel, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/37502293.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Padua
    university
    students
    Jews
    Jewish medics
    medicine
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Opis:
    Among the students of medicine in Padua from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in XVII and XVIII centuries, we can note a certain number of Jews. This article contains a short analysis of so far findings in the area of research on this aspect of Jewish history in the First Republic of Poland. Referring to more and less known facts, the Author paid particular attention to the motivations and aspirations of Jewish scholars who had come to City of Antenor from Polish-Lithuanian land. Following the careers of Jewish medical graduates, we can see, that for most of them having a Padua diploma was not only the way to gain a better status in the Jewish community but also a gateway to overcoming cultural barriers. According to the Author, this was possible due to the fact, that many of the representatives of polish nobility, who were called “Paduans,” had similar experiences of contact with the university environment and the culture of the Venetian Republic.
    Tra gli studenti di medicina a Padova provenienti dalla Confederazione Polacco-Lituana, nei secoli XVII e XVIII, possiamo notare un certo numero di Ebrei. L’articolo contiene una breve analisi dei risultati fino ad ora ottenuti nell’ambito della ricerca su questo aspetto della storia delgi Ebrei nella Prima Repubblica di Polonia. Riferendosi a fatti più o meno conosciuti, l’Autore presta particolare attenzione alle motivazioni e alle aspirazioni degli studenti ebrei che arrivavano alla città di Antenore dalle terre Polacco-Lituane. Seguendo la carriera degli Ebrei laureati in medicina, possiamo osservare che per molti di loro conseguire il diploma a Padova non non era solo un modo per ottenere uno status migliore nella comunità ebraica, ma anche una porta per superare le barriere culturali. Secondo l’Autore, ciò era possibile poiché molti dei rappresentanti della nobiltà polacca, detti “padovani”, avevano avuto analoghe esperienze di contatto con l’ambiente universitario e con la cultura della Repubblica di Venezia.
    Źródło:
    Perspektywy Kultury; 2023, 41, 2/1; 147-162
    2081-1446
    2719-8014
    Pojawia się w:
    Perspektywy Kultury
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    “Patavium virum me fecit” – Padova come luogo di formazione delle antiche élite polacche
    “Patavium virum me fecit”: the university of Padua as a teaching centre for polish-lithuanian elite
    Autorzy:
    Tygielski, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929919.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    students
    university
    Padua
    Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    social elites
    Padova
    università
    studenti
    Confederazione polacco-lituana
    élite sociali
    Opis:
    Using the Atti della Nazione Polacca at the University of Padua as a main source, the author describes the role that this university played in the education of students from the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth from the 16th to 18th centuries. According to the author’s research, this role was crucial in the 16th century, when a significant part of Polish elites included a stay at this university in their curriculum. In the 17th century, the number of students from Poland-Lithuania studying in Padua decreased slowly but continuously, and in the 18th century, the number was marginal. In the period under discussion, the social structure of this group significantly changed: students looking to acquire knowledge that was necessary for their future professional career were gradually replaced by young men of aristocratic and noble families, for whom a visit in Padua, be it long or short, was only a stage in their educational European Grand Tour. According to the author, this can be explained by intellectual changes in Polish-Lithuanian society: a general and rather superficial education was gradually preferred to university-based and professionally-provided knowledge. A study of selected travel diaries supplemented and confirmed the results of the presented statistical analysis. All Polish travellers visiting Padua in the 16th and 17th centuries described the University and considered it as the most important institution of the city; meetings with compatriot students were also often mentioned. Later on, the University was no longer the obvious subject of the descriptions and 18th-century travellers often did not even mention it at all. Nevertheless, there is still available evidence that the Polish presence in Padua, although reduced, was visible and important for the city.
    Analizzando i registri di immatricolazione della nazione polacca (Metryka nacji polskiej) dell’Università di Padova, pubblicati mezzo secolo fa da Henryk Barycz e Karolina Targosz, l’autore riflette sul ruolo di Padova nel sistema educativo dei giovani polacchi giuntivi a studiare. Sottolineando l’eccellente reputazione dell’università e l’alta qualità del personale docente, mette in luce l’importanza fondamentale del centro di Padova nel processo di educazione delle élite intellettuali polacco-lituane nel XVI secolo. Documenta poi la presenza dei nuovi arrivati dalla Rzeczpospolita, la quale diminuì gradualmente nel corso del XVII secolo e venne quasi a sparire nel XVIII secolo, interrogandosi sulle ragioni del declino del ruolo dell’Università di Padova nel sistema educativo della Polonia antica. L’autore nota inoltre il mutamento della struttura sociale della comunità di studenti, nella quale diminuisce il numero di persone interessate ad acquisire conoscenze e competenze specifiche, che in futuro sarebbero state alla base della loro attività professionale, mentre cresce la rappresentanza di famiglie magnatizie e nobili, per le quali la permanenza a Padova era solo una tappa del Grand Tour, giro di carattere generale, e non strettamente educativo, dei più importanti centri europei. Questa osservazione sembra confermare il graduale cambiamento del modello educativo dei giovani nella Confederazione polacco-lituana e delle aspettative educative nel paese. Le osservazioni, avanzate sulla base di analisi statistiche, vengono confermate dalla lettura dei diari di viaggio, alla luce dei quali l’università, in essi un primo tempo presente, pian piano cessa di essere un punto di riferimento ricorrente ed oggetto di descrizione da parte dei viaggiatori. Allo stesso tempo, però, la costante presenza polacca a Padova viene confermata dalle pagine dei diari, il che sembra indicare che i rapporti tra la Repubblica di Polonia, Padova e l’Università di Padova siano stati mantenuti, anche se probabilmente su una scala minore. Le conseguenze della formazione all’estero delle élite polaccolituano-rutene rimangono un argomento aperto ed è proprio il caso di Padova che ci invita in modo particolare a riprenderlo e ad approfondirlo.
    Źródło:
    Italica Wratislaviensia; 2021, 12.1; 21-46
    2084-4514
    Pojawia się w:
    Italica Wratislaviensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uniwersytet – nauki humanistyczne i społeczne – państwo
    University – humanities and social sciences – the state
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziński, Jerzy Marian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043716.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    university
    humanities
    social sciences
    research ethics
    education of students
    community culture versus corporate culture
    Polish state
    Opis:
    With the Great Charter of Universities as a point of departure, the author discusses the four tasks of the university: (1) search for the truth (2) education which supplies students them with the latest scientific knowledge and the skills that knowledge justifies (3) student formation in the spirit of tolerance, pluralism and openness to dialogue, (4) popularizing scientific knowledge. For their accomplishment to be unconstrained (by ideological, religious, xenophobic or economic limitations), as well as effective and ethical, the university must be free and autonomous. Nowadays humanities and social sciences are particularly exposed to factors that damage or hinder this autonomy and freedom, which is regrettably the case especially in countries that declare attachment to democratic values, yet trample them at the same time. The author is very critical of the state’s policy of evaluating scholarly activities of universities based on converting scientific output into points. According to the author, this produces a greatly simplified and distorted picture of their achievements. What is more, it also encourages certain academics (for whom „survival” at a given institute or department is at stake) to engage in unethical behaviour: plagiarism of other people’s works, falsification of empirical research results, fabrication of findings, guest authorship, ghost authorship. One of the major solutions aimed to counter such unethical practices is to depart from bibliometric evaluation (via IF, H index) in favour of peer review. It is also necessary to implement new publishing practices, which would require replication of empirical studies, access to raw results provided by authors, as well as preregistration assessment of research projects so as to take works in which positive results were not obtained (thus failing to bear out the initial hypothesis) into consideration as well.
    Źródło:
    Człowiek i Społeczeństwo; 2021, 52; 45-69
    0239-3271
    Pojawia się w:
    Człowiek i Społeczeństwo
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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