Temat: psychological theory - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Psychological universals and nomothetic aspirations of social psychology
Autorzy:: Dymkowski, Maciej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430345.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: naturalism
nomothetic science
psychological uniwersal
theory
Opis:: The experimental social psychology basically rejects idiographism, though its nomothetism is only sometimes similar to the one that dominates in natural traditions. This is illustrated in the paper on instances of the selected theories. They often differ from their equivalents in the natural sciences because they describe the instruments of human psychological functioning which either are non-universal or appear with various frequency in different cultural and/or historical contexts, fulfill diverse functions there, and even sometimes have a different meanings.
Źródło:: Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2012, 43, 2; 93-100
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:: Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: The Dilemma of Psychology: Objective without an Object?
Autorzy:: Lind, Georg
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/896655.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019-07-18
Wydawca:: Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:: psychological measurement
standardized tests
theory
objectivity
validity
Opis:: Anyone who seeks the service of psychology (which translates to “science of the mind”) faces a persisting dilemma. One has to choose between two psychologies: “Subjective”, also called “qualitative”, psychologists believe that the focus on studying the internal structure of the human mind will provide important insights needed in therapy and education. Yet the human mind, they argue, can be studied only with subjective methods like clinical interview, not with standardized tests. In contrast, “objective” or “quantitative”, psychologists argue that if psychology wants to be recognized as a science, it must enlist only objective methods of measurement. Yet this excludes, they argue, the study of internal psychological factors of the human mind. While the subjective approach is based on psychological assumptions regarding the nature of the target measurement object, the objective approach is based on purely statis-tical theories. Must we really have to abandon psychological objects like intellectual and moral capaci-ties if we want our measurement to be objective? In this paper I show that both approaches are based on questionable theories about the relationship between visible behavior on the one side and psychological objects on the other. I also show that we can measure psychological traits objectively and validly if we use an experimental approach. Experimental Question-naires can be used in all fields of psychology in which testable theories about the nature of its object have been developed. We have successfully used this new approach, for example, for the construction and validation of the Moral Competence Test (MCT).
Źródło:: Psychologia Wychowawcza; 2019, 57(15); 99-110
0033-2860
Pojawia się w:: Psychologia Wychowawcza
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Making Human Traits Visible, Objectively and Validly, through Experimentally Designed Questionnaires
Autorzy:: Lind, Georg
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373887.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021-06-30
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:: Psychological measurement
standardized tests
theory
objectivity
validity
Opis:: Researchers who need valid and objective data for evaluating their theories or the efficacy of educational methods and programs have to choose between two equally undesirable alternatives: either they can use “objective” methods which have a questionable validity, or they can turn to “subjective” assessment methods with better validity. In other words, while subjective approaches to the study of human traits may be, or really are, valid, they lack objectivity, that is, they may be biased toward the researcher’s theory. On the other hand, objective approaches to the study of psychological traits often lack psychological underpinning but are solely designed to fit a certain statistical model. Thus, we cannot know what these instruments really measure. Here I present a new approach to the study of human traits, which claims to be objective as well as psychologically valid, namely the concept Experimental Questionnaire (EQ). An EQ lets us make traits visible without relying on dubious statistical assumptions. Thus, it makes it possible for the researcher to test the psychological theory underlying its designs. The EQ methodology is not only an idea, but it has been applied for constructing the Moral Competence Test (MCT) and for testing the assumptions about the nature of moral competence which were used to design it. So far, all the studies have clearly confirmed their validity. This makes the MCT suitable for testing hypotheses regarding the relevance and teachability of moral competence, and, therefore, also for evaluating the efficacy and efficiency of educational methods of fostering this competence. Experimentally designed questionnaires can also be used in other fields of educational and psychological research in which testable theories about the nature of its objects have been developed.
Źródło:: Ethics in Progress; 2021, 12, 1; 15-38
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:: Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: O osobliwościach kulturowo uwarunkowanych uniwersaliów psychologicznych
On Peculiarities of Culturally Conditioned Psychological Universals
Autorzy:: Dymkowski, Maciej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/427426.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: antropologia kulturowa
kultura
psychologia społeczna
socjologia
teoria
uniwersalia psychologiczne
cultural anthropology
culture
psychological universals
social psychology
sociology
theory
Opis:: Artykuł odwołuje się do ustaleń psychologii, zwłaszcza eksperymentalnej psychologii społecznej, jak też socjologii i antropologii kulturowej. Zarysowuje i ilustruje na wybranych przykładach osobliwości uniwersaliów psychologicznych pozbawionych umocowania biologicznego. Jak się argumentuje, są one wytworami przydatności atrybutów lub mechanizmów psychicznych w adaptacjach kulturowych do środowiska naturalnego. Takie powszechniki o kulturowej genezie nie mają odpowiedników w naukach nomotetycznych. Zwykle pojawiają się w rozmaitych kontekstach kulturowych czy historycznych z różną częstością i intensywnością, czasem pełnią tam odmienne funkcje. W rezultacie opisujące je teorie psychologii społecznej nieuchronnie różnią się od teorii charakterystycznych dla nauk przyrodniczych, które bywają spostrzegane przez psychologów społecznych jako niedościgniony ideał.
The paper builds on settlements of psychology, especially of experimental social psychology, and refers to sociology and cultural anthropology as well. It outlines and illustrate by selected examples the peculiarities of psychological universals without biological foundations. It is argued that they are the results of usefulness of psychological attributes/mechanisms in cultural adaptations to natural environment. The universals of cultural genesis do not have the equivalents in the nomothetical sciences. They usually appear in various cultural/historical contexts with varying frequency and intensity, and sometimes perform there diverse functions. Accordingly, the social psychology theories that focus on such universals unavoidably differ from the theories typical of natural sciences, which are perceived by social psychologists as the matchless ideal.
Źródło:: Studia Socjologiczne; 2014, 3(214); 29-43
0039-3371
Pojawia się w:: Studia Socjologiczne
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Informacja

Wyszukujesz frazę "psychological theory" wg kryterium: Temat

Źródło danych

Dostawca treści

Kolekcja

Rok wydania

Wydawca

Temat

Autor

Typ dokumentu

Język