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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany składu gatunkowego i struktury drzewostanów w Roztoczańskim Parku Narodowym w okresie 2007-2017
    Changes in the species composition and structure of forest stands in the Roztocze National Park in the years 2007-2017
    Autorzy:
    Łukaszewicz, J.
    Zajączkowski, G.
    Gil, W.
    Tittenbrun, A.
    Radliński, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979113.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    forest dynamics
    species composition
    dbh distribution
    permanent plot
    strict protection
    Opis:
    The aim of the study is to analyze changes in the species composition and in the diameter structure of the main forest−building species in the Roztocze National Park (central−eastern Poland). The research was carried out on 315 permanent monitoring plots. The range of collected data included: type of protection (strict and active protection), forest site type, tree species and their dbh (>7 cm over bark). Measurements and observations were made in 2007 and repeated in 2017. There was a significant reduction in the number of all tree species, except of beech Fagus sylvatica, regardless the protection status. Despite this, the basal area for the strict and active protection zone was similar both in 2007 (37.77 and 36.39 m2/ha, respectively) and 2017 (37.17 and 37.85 m2/ha, respectively). In the whole park, the number of large trees (mainly beeches) with high individual basal area increased, while the number of young generations of all species decreased. In the strict protection zone, the admixture species (decrease by 27.3%), as well as hornbeam Carpinus betulus (decrease by 22.8%), are not particularly competitive with beech. A similar tendency, although mitigated by active silvicultural treatments, was also observed in the active protection zone, in which admixture species have lost 24.8% while hornbeam 16.2%. In the strict protection area, there was a significant reduction in the number of fir Abies alba (by 14%). In the active protection zone fir increased its range and basal area, and maintains its population practically unchanged. There was also a decrease in the number of young generations, as evidenced by changes in the frequency in the 7−16 cm dbh class. The highest level of reduction in this class was found for pine Pinus sylvestris (by 64.8%), rare species (40.4%), hornbeam (31.2%), oak Quercus robur (26.6%), and spruce Picea abies (20.5%). Only beech increased the abundance in this class (by 1.4%) as well as in the next 17−26 cm class (even by 14.2%). The presented significant changes in the species composition and structure of basal area of the stands in the Roztocze National Park that occurred in the 10−year period, indicate a significant role of tending cuts in maintaining proper species composition, appropriate diameter structure of stands, their stability of natural richness and high level of diversity of forest ecosystems.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 08; 683-694
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura i dynamika wielogeneracyjnych starodrzewów sosnowych występujących w obszarach ochrony ścisłej Kaliszki i Sieraków w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym. Część 1. Zróżnicowanie gatunkowe, zagęszczenie i pierśnicowe pole przekroju
    Structure and dynamics of uneven−aged Scots pine−dominated old−growth stands in Kaliszki and Sieraków strict protection areas in the Kampinos National Park. Part 1. Species composition, tree density and basal area
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Zajączkowski, J.
    Olszewski, A.
    Bolibok, L.
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Bielak, K.
    Buraczyk, W.
    Drozdowski, S.
    Gawron, L.
    Jastrzębowski, S.
    Szeligowski, H.
    Żybura, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978936.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    forest dynamics
    long−term research
    old−growth forest
    permanent study plot
    strict protection
    tree
    species composition
    Opis:
    The paper describes changes, which took place over the last 30 years in old−growth forest stands occupying two permanent research plots, established in the Kaliszki and Sieraków strict protection areas in the Kampinos National Park (central Poland). Both plots have a form of ecological transects. The Kaliszki plot is 20 m wide and 700 m long (1.40 ha), while the Sieraków plot (total area of 2.56 ha) consists of two parts: main (40×460 m) and side (40×180 m) transect. In the Kaliszki plot, the stand measurements were conducted in 1993, 2007, and 2017, while in the Sieraków plot – in 1989, 1994, 2006, and 2017. For every tree with breast height diameter (DBH) 5 cm, species identity, DBH and spatial coordinates were determined. Starting from the second census, all trees which had died (‘losses’), as well as trees which exceeded the DBH threshold (‘gains’) since the previous record were noted, as well. The major tree species occurring on sample plots are Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur), silver and downy birch (Betula sp.), and black alder (Alnus glutinosa). During the study period, the overall tree density declined by ca. 50%. The diminishing trends occurred for all dominant tree species. In contrast to major, dominant tree species, the demographic status of a group of minor tree species (lime, hornbeam and maple) was much more stable. One may even speak about some expansion in this case. Particularly, hornbeam density increased rapidly in the period 2006−2017 in some areas of the main transect located in the Sieraków plot. The future studies will show if this tendency will be maintained and will include other regions of sample plots. Assuming a lack of significant disturbances, one may expect that the stands growing on research plots will rather slowly change in the nearest future. Most dynamics will have a quantitative and not qualitative character. One may anticipate, for example, a growing role of pedunculate oak at the expense of Scots pine, however, considering that the two species are rather long−living, they will probably for a long time keep their dominant roles in the stand canopies.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 392-403
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura i dynamika wielogeneracyjnych starodrzewów sosnowych występujących w obszarach ochrony ścisłej Kaliszki i Sieraków w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym. Część 2. Procesy zamierania i dorastania oraz ich wpływ na rozkład grubości drzew
    Structure and dynamics of uneven−aged, Scots pine−dominated, old−growth stands in Kaliszki and Sieraków strict reserves in Kampinos National Park. Part 2. Tree mortality and recruitment processes and their effects on tree diameter distributions
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Zajączkowski, J.
    Olszewski, A.
    Bolibok, L.
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Bielak, K.
    Buraczyk, W.
    Drozdowski, S.
    Gawron, L.
    Jastrzębowski, S.
    Szeligowski, H.
    Żybura, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979128.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    demographic non−equilibrium
    diameter structure
    long−term study
    old−growth forest
    permanent study
    plot
    scots pine
    strict protection
    Opis:
    Two fundamental demographic processes (tree recruitment and mortality) are analyzed for forest stands growing on permanent study plots located in strictly protected Scots pine−dominated, old−growth stands of Kampinos National Park (central Poland). The major implications of the observed demographic trends for the general shape of tree size distributions are determined, as well. During the past ca 30 years, in the stands sampled, there was a pronounced lack of balance between mortality and recruitment processes. Mortality rate was eight times higher than recruitment rate. Eventually, there was a net significant decline in population density, observed for all major tree species, including Scots pine, pedunculate oak, silver and downy birch, and black alder. As mortality processes affected mainly smaller trees, there was also a significant deterioration of the general demographic status of most important tree species. This effect was shown by the change of the overall shape of diameter distributions over the study period: from reverse J−shaped to flat curves running nearly parallel to X−axis. The values of recruitment rates were markedly lower, and the values of mortality rates – significantly higher, than analogous values characterizing comparable forests (e.g., those obtained for the natural stands of Białowieża National Park). Low recruitment rates, as obtained for Kampinos stands, suggest that presently, in the local, Scots pine−dominated, old−growth stands, the general conditions for forest regeneration and for maintaining a long−term demographic stability are unfavorable. Most probably, the regeneration of this type of forest has an episodic, ‘wave−like’ character and corresponds to the ‘catastrophic’ model, according to which the successful regeneration of current dominants (especially Scots pine, silver and downy birch, black alder) must be preceded by a stand−initiating (stand−replacing) disturbance, leading to total or partial, but heavy, destruction of the currently existing stand. At the moment, it would be difficult to predict, however, if and when such a disturbance will affect the stands under investigation. Thus, we predict that in the nearest future at least, the state of overall demographic unbalance will continue or even increase.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2020, 164, 06; 443-453
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ochrona bioróżnorodności Puszczy Białowieskiej w kontekście dynamiki naturalnych i sztucznych zaburzeń
    Biodiversity conservation in the Bialowieza Forest in the context of natural and anthropogenic disturbances dynamics
    Autorzy:
    Hilszczański, J.
    Jaworski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985946.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    ochrona bioroznorodnosci
    ochrona przyrody
    ochrona scisla
    ochrona czynna
    sukcesja naturalna
    diversity conservation
    strict protection
    active protection
    natural succession
    intermediate disturbance
    hypothesis
    Opis:
    The paper presents the issue of conservation of species diversity of the Białowieża Forest in the context of both natural and human−related disturbances. These disturbances, in the authors’ opinion, were the main factor that shaped the unique species diversity of this area. Examples of natural disturbances occurring in the Białowieża Forest include the impact of wind, insect outbreaks and, to a lesser extent, fires. On the other hand anthropogenic disturbances are related to various forms of forest use, which historically took place here, i.e. grazing by domestic animals, beekeeping, charcoal production, and recently also forest management. Currently, in the situation of rarity and unpredictability of natural disturbances, as well as due to a significant decrease in human impact on forests of the Białowieża Forest, there is a risk of decrease of biodiversity, which is related to the process of natural succession, homogenization of the forest and the decline of favourable habitats for the development of some organisms. This particularly applies to the so−called ‘open forest’ species that are dependent on sunny places in forests. Historically these species found favourable conditions in the Białowieża Forest in many sites, where traditional forms of forest use took place, but also in areas used for traditional forest management. At present, it is necessary to adapt forest management on the one hand and nature conservation on the other, in order to meet the requirements of diverse groups of organisms, both requiring passive as well as active methods of conservation. The authors postulate the necessity of introducing a diverse conservation strategy in the Białowieża Forest.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 927-932
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Regeneracja grądu Tilio-Carpinetum Tracz. 1962 w następstwie dawnego użytkowania lasu w Białowieskim Parku Narodowym
    Regeneration of Tilio-Carpinetum hornbeam forest [Tracz. 1962] as a follow-up of forest utilisation in the Bialowieza National Park
    Autorzy:
    Keczyński, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016313.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    regeneracja
    zbiorowiska lesne
    zbiorowisko Tilio-Carpinetum
    lesnictwo
    grady
    regeneration
    hornbeam forest
    tilio−carpinetum
    forest utilisation
    strict protection
    białowieża primeval
    forest
    białowieża national park
    Opis:
    The article presents a hypothetical history of a stand and the occurring changes resulting from the on−going regeneration processes in the Tilio−Carpinetum hornbeam community following the past forms of forest utilisation. The anthropogenic destruction of stands took place most probably at the end of the 18th century. The regeneration process started at the beginning of the 19th century had led to the appearance of a spruce stand which disappeared in the middle of the 20th century. A lime−spruce−hornbeam stand was formed in its place. Since over 70 years, the regeneration process has been continuing under strict protection regime.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 01; 58-65
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Puszcza Białowieska jako ostoja różnorodności biologicznej
    Białowieża Forest as a biodiversity hotspot
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989062.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    ochrona przyrody
    ochrona bioroznorodnosci
    bogactwo przyrodnicze
    rosliny naczyniowe
    walory przyrodnicze
    active management approach
    biodiversity loss
    environmental change
    forest management
    natural succession
    strict protection
    Opis:
    Białowieża Forest (BF) is widely known for its outstanding natural values. The debate about the management/protection model, able to maintain all relevant values of BF on a sustainable basis, has a very long history. Currently, the main role in this debate is played by groups and organizations claiming that the major threat for the biological richness of BF is related to local forest management. In this paper, an attempt is made to verify this thesis. The extensive literature research reveals that vascular plants are one of the most threatened (and best documented) groups of organisms occurring in BF. It was found, for example, that in case of Serratulo−Pinetum (one of the most important woodland community type occurring in BF) the floristic diversity declines at the rate 0.6 species per year. However, similar situation concerns many other groups of species (e.g. lichens) as well. The recession of many species does not take place in the managed part of the BF only. This problem concerns also the areas which, since a long time already, have been subjected to the strict protection, like the ‘Strict Reserve' of the Białowieża National Park (comprising ca. 7% of the BF, under strict protection since ca. 100 years). Several factors and agents responsible for the general deterioration of natural values of BF were identified. Among other things, many authors underline the negative impacts of natural, successional processes taking part in areas which were ‘liberated' from the direct human impacts. Such processes are a direct cause of loss among many herbaceous species, particularly helio− and termophilous plants. Another important reasons for decreasing trends in many important elements of the local biodiversity are: strong reduction of open and semi−open areas (disappearance of the so called ‘cultural landscapes'), climate change, air pollution, deer overabundance, compositional impoverishment of many tree stands, invasive species of plants and animals. In conclusion, there are many factors responsible for decreasing diversity of BF and most of them have nothing to do with the local forest management. To preserve possibly high levels of the natural values of BF for future generations, a wise and complex conservation strategy is needed. As many other similar examples from different places over the world clearly show, the core element of such a strategy should be the principle of active management approach and not the out of action principle of ‘doing nothing'.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 12; 971-981
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Prognoza zmian składu gatunkowego drzewostanów Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego
    Forecast of changes in the tree species composition of forest stands in the Bialowieza National Park
    Autorzy:
    Gazda, A.
    Miścicki, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989230.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Bialowieski Park Narodowy
    drzewostany
    sklad gatunkowy
    dorost
    ubytki
    miazszosc drzew
    przyrost miazszosci
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    prognozy
    increment
    ingrowth
    hornbeam
    mortality
    size−class model
    strict protection
    volume
    Opis:
    The studies initiated by Włoczewski in 1936 revealed changes in the species composition of forest stands in the Białowieża National Park. This led to the question about what these changes would be in the future. The aim of our study was to predict changes in the volume of tree species in the so called Strict Reserve in the Białowieża National Park over the period of 40 years. A size−class growth model was developed for this purpose. The average merchantable timber volume for each of the eleven taxa was calculated for the successive 10−year intervals, and the increase in standing volume as well as the volume of tree loss (mortality) and ingrowth were calculated for these intervals. The empirical material was taken from the permanent and temporary sample plots. The permanent plots (160) were measured in 2000, 2002, 2004 and 2011. The empirical data were used to determine, separately for each species, the relationship between trees dbh and mortality (fig. 1), diameter growth (fig. 2) or the rate of saplings (height of 0.3−1.3 m) growth into the first dbh class (0.1−1.9 cm). The temporary sample plots (460) were measured in 1995 and 2005, and the data were used to validate the size−class growth model and predict timber volume in the period 1995−2005 (tab.). The results of the validation may indicate significant changes in standing volume for the majority of tree species in the period 2005−2045 (fig. 3). In 2045, hornbeam will dominate. The volume increment in the period 2005−2045 will remain at almost the same level, the volume of tree loss will decrease and the volume of ingrowth will slightly increase, beginning from 2015 (fig. 4). Only five taxa will have a significant share in the ingrowth throughout the period 2005−2045, of which approx. 85% will be hornbeam in the period 2035−2045 (fig. 5). The observed changes in the species composition of forest stands in the Białowieża National Park may be the result of global, regional as well as local factors such as the pressure of herbivorous ungulates on young trees. Anticipating changes in the structure of forest stands may be useful in planning the protection of forest areas by reducing the impact of local factors on forest stands (regeneration) in an indirect way.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 04; 309-319
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmiany flory roślin naczyniowych runa leśnego w latach 1959-2016 na stałej powierzchni badawczej w oddziale 319 Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego
    Changes of herb layer vegetation during the period 1959-2016 on the permanent study plot in the compartment 319 of Bialowieza National Park
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Ciurzycki, W.
    Keczyński, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985863.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Bialowieski Park Narodowy
    badania florystyczne
    stale powierzchnie badawcze
    runo lesne
    flora
    gatunki rzadkie
    gatunki chronione
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    lata 1959-2016
    biodiversity loss
    ground vegetation
    long−term research
    protected plant species
    rare plant species
    red
    list species
    strict protection
    Opis:
    Changes in the herbaceous layer (vascular plants), taking place between 1959 and 2016 on the permanent study plot in the compartment 319 of the Strict Reserve in the Białowieża National Park are presented. Zaręba [1972] presented phytosociological research carried out in 1959 on the 1.2 ha plot. The author established 10 relevés (size between 100 and 400 m2), in which in total 91 different species of vascular plants were noted. In 2016, the similar study was conducted, using slightly modified methods (the inventory of plants involved the total area of the study plot). The comparison of data recorded during both investigations revealed that the total number of plant species declined from the initial 91 to current 83. During the ca. 60−year long period, 43 plant species disappeared completely and were replaced by 35 new species. In the declining group, almost the half (20) were species important from the point of view of nature conservation, including four Red List species (Arnica montana, Goodyera repens, Lathyrus laevigatus, Trolius europaeus), 10 plant species protected by law, and several other precious species related to rare and declining woodland community types. The obtained results confirm the findings of other authors describing unfavourable changes in the flora of the Białowieża Forest during the past several tens of years. The floristic richness is an important part of the overall biodiversity of Białowieża Forest. It appears that strict protection does not secure the maintenance of this key component. Thus, an attempt to preserve diverse values of Białowieża Forest on a sustainable basis should, first of all, look for a proper balance between strict and active protection. The later can (and should) be integrated within the multifunctional forest management, conducted on the prevailing area of the Białowieża Forest.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 12; 980-988
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ocena wpływu roślinożernych ssaków kopytnych na odnowienie lasu w Białowieskim Parku Narodowym
    The impact of herbivorous ungulates on forest regeneration in the Białowieża National Park
    Autorzy:
    Kweczlich, I.
    Miścicki, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023208.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    szkody w lesie
    oddzialywanie na srodowisko
    odnowienia lasu
    metody badan
    Alces alces
    lesnictwo
    Bialowieski Park Narodowy
    jelen europejski
    ssaki kopytne
    Bison bonasus
    los
    zubr
    Capreolus capreolus
    Cervus elaphus
    sarna
    ungulate herbivores
    forest regeneration
    damage
    development
    comparative sample plots
    białowieża
    national park
    strict protection
    Opis:
    Measurement results carried out on 30 comparative sample plots in 2000−2002 demonstrated negative effect of ungulate herbivores on the development of forest regeneration in the strictly protected area the Białowieża National Park. The tree height index permitted to state that cervidas and bisons were the damage−causing agents. Other indices (density, tree height sum and species diversity) were insufficient to assess the effect of wild boars.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2004, 148, 06; 18-29
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Określenie przy pomocy krzywej równowagi pożądanej struktury liczby drzew w lesie różnowiekowym
    Determination of the desirable tree abundance pattern in the uneven-aged forest using the equilibrium curve
    Autorzy:
    Kweczlich, I.
    Miścicki, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019275.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Roztoczanski Park Narodowy
    krzywa rownowagi
    Abies
    rezerwaty przyrody
    buk
    lesnictwo
    model rownowagi dla lasu
    Fagus
    drzewostany roznowiekowe
    rezerwat Bukowa Gora
    obliczenia
    urzadzanie lasu
    jodla
    struktura drzew
    equilibrium curve
    tree density
    forest regeneration
    strict protection
    selection forest
    fir
    beech
    bukowa góra
    roztoczański national park
    Opis:
    The theoretical tree density in a stand was calculated using an equilibrium curve model. The Bukowa Góra forest (Roztoczański National Park) placed under strict protection was the object of the study. Calculations were made separately for the main species − fir and beech. The data on tree mortality rate and their diameter growth (or height in the case of low trees) collected in 1991, 1996 and 2001 on permanent sample plots were used. The correspondence between the actual and model tree density curves in diameter classes was confirmed only in the case of firs from the upper layer of stands. The shortage of firs (in comparison with the model data) and the excess of beeches in the regeneration layer in respect of thin and moderately thick DBH were confirmed by gradual changes in tree−species composition between 1991 and 2001.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 03; 17-30
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zagrożone gatunki drzew Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego (Rezerwat Ścisły)
    Threatened tree species of the Bialowieza National Park (the Strict Reserve)
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Keczyński, A.
    Zajączkowski, J.
    Drozdowski, S.
    Gawron, L.
    Buraczyk, W.
    Bielak, K.
    Szeligowski, H.
    Dzwonkowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1007075.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    hodowla lasu
    Bialowieski Park Narodowy
    rezerwaty scisle
    Obreb Ochronny Orlowka
    stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
    sklad gatunkowy
    drzewa lesne
    grab
    lipa
    swierk
    olsza
    brzoza
    dab
    sosna
    jesion
    klon
    wiaz
    topola osika
    zageszczenie populacji
    liczebnosc
    struktura grubosci
    gatunki dominujace
    gatunki zagrozone
    diameter distribution
    dynamic status
    large−scale inventory
    long−term trend
    natural forest
    permanent plot
    population density
    population dynamics
    strict protection
    Opis:
    An assessment of the current dynamic status of tree species occurring in the Strict Reserve of the Białowieża National Park is presented. On the basis of long−term trends and analysis of large−scale inventory data, the three major groups of trees are distinguished: 1) ‘safe’ group, containing hornbeam and lime, 2) ‘presently safe, but declining in a long−term run’ group, involving spruce, birch and alder, and 3) ‘threatened and highly threatened’ group, consisting of oak, pine, ash, maple, elm and aspen.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2012, 156, 04; 252-261
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wieloletnia dynamika drzewostanów na dawnym zrębie kulisowym w warunkach ochrony ścisłej (Łysica, Góry Świętokrzyskie)
    Long-term dynamics of forest stands on a former narrow strip clear cut under conditions of strict protection (Lysica, the Swietokrzyskie Mountains)
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Janicki, S.
    Wiech, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008894.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    parki narodowe
    Swietokrzyski Park Narodowy
    obszary ochrony scislej
    rezerwat Lysica
    stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
    zrab kulisowy
    drzewostany
    dynamika drzewostanu
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    buk zwyczajny
    Fagus sylvatica
    jodla pospolita
    Abies alba
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    klon jawor
    Acer pseudoplatanus
    zageszczenie drzew
    rozwoj drzewostanu
    stand dynamics
    long−term study
    narrow strip clear cut
    european beech
    norway spruce
    silver fir
    sycamore
    strict protection
    Opis:
    Major results of the 45−year−long study on the dynamics of strictly protected forest stands, using 3 permanent study plots, 25×100 m each, located on a former narrow strip clear cut established in the beginning of the 20th century on the northern slopes of the Mt. Łysica (the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, Central Poland) are presented. The general development of forest stands is analysed, including change of overall density, tree mortality rate (general and by species), dynamics of basal area and average tree diameter, competitive ability as well as changing role of particular species (mainly European beech, silver fir, sycamore and Norway spruce) in formation of the general stand structure. The results of the study are compared with other investigations of similar type.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2011, 155, 08; 518-529
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Odnowienie naturalne drzew w Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Natural regeneration of trees in the Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Brzeziecki, B.
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Żybura, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985949.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    odnowienia naturalne
    drzewa lesne
    topola osika
    Populus tremula
    brzoza brodawkowata
    Betula pendula
    brzoza omszona
    Betula pubescens
    olsza czarna
    Alnus glutinosa
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    jesion wyniosly
    Fraxinus excelsior
    klon pospolity
    Acer platanoides
    wiaz gorski
    Ulmus glabra
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    lipa drobnolistna
    Tilia cordata
    grab pospolity
    proces dorastania
    ekosystemy lesne
    dynamika lasu
    active approach
    deer browsing
    long−term study
    multifunctional forest management
    natural recruitment
    nature conservation
    silvicultural treatment
    strict protection
    tree competition
    tree diversity
    Opis:
    Since several years already, a massive infestation of bark beetle has taken place in the Białowieża Forest, decimating a local Norway spruce population. In consequence, many open areas appeared, practically deprived of trees and other forest vegetation. The existence of such areas has a very negative impact on multiple values of the Białowieża Forest: natural, social, economical and landscape−aesthetic values. The local forest administration prepared a strategy aimed at active restoration of diverse woodland communities typical for the Białowieża Forest in all places, where bark beetle infestation wiped up the spruce stands. Those plans were criticized by representatives of the environmental organizations who blamed the foresters for transforming the Białowieża Forest into ‘plantation’ and claiming that such measures are inconsistent with the existing forest management and protection plan. The postulate of environmentalists is that the recovery of woodland communities should proceed completely naturally. Taking into account the above mentioned controversies, in this paper we examine the issue of natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest in detail. In particular, we try to determine to which extent this method of forest reproduction enables re−establishment of compositionally diverse woodland communities, distinguished by a high level of biological diversity and able to provide a wide range of commodities and benefits important for today’s society. Based on an extensive literature review we show that a combination of different (abiotic and biotic) factors, influencing establishment and subsequent growth of seedlings and saplings in the Białowieża Forest has long been strongly unfavorable for many tree species. In this regard, one should particularly emphasize the negative role of large herbivores, especially red deer, which is present in the Białowieża Forest since the end of 19th century, when it became a private hunting ground for Russian tzars. The devastating effect of deer browsing on natural regeneration is a well−documented phenomenon and widely recognized problem in the forestry practice. The fencing of young forest generation against game pressure is an indispensable measure, needed to secure the continuous existence of several tree species (first of all those palatable and vulnerable to browsing). Very strong arguments for an active approach to the described problem delivers also a long−term study on natural forest dynamics conducted since 1936. It shows that under conditions of strict protection the regeneration capacity of the Białowieża tree species is very variable. These differences lead to the compositional simplification and impoverishment of many tree stands, with numerous negative consequences for local biodiversity. We underline that an active management strategy is a basic prerequisite for maintaining a diverse character of the Białowieża stands and their ability to provide all important ecosystem services on a sustainable basis. Such a strategy should include, beside of the phase of establishment, also the subsequent developmental stages of new forest generations. The general goal of such a strategy should be to secure a possibly high diversity of tree composition and to enable the development of tree species representing a full range of life−history strategies and playing different successional roles: from typical pioneer species, through intermediate, to climax species.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 883-896
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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