Wszystkie pola: Transport fuels - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: The paradox of efficiency in terms of energy needs of road transport in the European Union
Paradoks efektywności w zakresie potrzeb energetycznych transportu drogowego w Unii Europejskiej
Autorzy:: Motowidlak, Urszula
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684590.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:: transport
transport drogowy
mobilność
efektywność energetyczna
zużycie energii w transporcie
road transport
mobility
transport fuels
energy efficiency
energy consumption of transport
Opis:: Posiadając dane ilościowe i jakościowe, podjęto próbę zbadania zależności i związków zachodzących między rozwojem transportu a efektywnością wykorzystania zasobów paliwowych, co stanowiło zasadniczy cel artykułu. Przeprowadzona analiza pozwoliła stwierdzić, że transport drogowy zyskał obecnie szczególny status w życiu codziennym społeczeństwa. Wzrost mobilności mieszkańców Europy spowodował, że samochody osobowe są aktualnie w największym stopniu odpowiedzialne za potrzeby energetyczne transportu drogowego. Stało się tak mimo poprawy efektywności energetycznej tych samochodów oraz wzrostu przewozów towarowych. Prognozowany wzrost przewozów towarowych spowoduje dalsze zmiany w strukturze zużycia energii przez transport samochodowy. Poprawa efektywności energetycznej transportu osobowego i ciężarowego nie zrównoważy wzrostu zapotrzebowania na energię w transporcie drogowym. Przedstawione powyżej prawidłowości wyznaczają kluczowe wyzwanie stojące przed systemem transportowym – sprostanie ciągle rosnącemu zapotrzebowaniu na energię.
With quantitative and qualitative data, and knowing, at a glance, goal, it was an attempt to examine the relationship between the development of road transport and the efficiency of resource use. The analysis has shown that road transport now gained a special status in people’s daily lives. The increased mobility of European citizens caused the greatest responsibility for the transport of energy. This spite of improving the efficiency of these cars and freight transport growth. The projected continued growth of freight transport will contribute to the further changes in the structure of energy consumption by road transport. Despite the high growth rate of energy efficiency improvement of truck drives, the share of demand for fuel by those vehicles will increase in total fuel demand for road transport sector. At the same time the energy consumption of cars will reduce its share in total fuel needs transport. Improvmrnt of energy efficiency of passenger and truck will not offset the increase in demand for energy in road transport. The above regularities define a key challenge facing the transport system – meeting the ever growing demand for energy.
Źródło:: Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii; 2017, 46, 1
1429-3730
2450-095X
Pojawia się w:: Gospodarka w Praktyce i Teorii
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Sposoby ustalania wynagrodzenia w drogowym transporcie paliw płynnych
Methods for determining the salaries in road transport of liquid fuels
Autorzy:: Semenov, I. N.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/320017.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:: wynagrodzenie za pracę przewozową
transport drogowy
dostawa paliw płynnych
salary
road transport
supply of liquid fuels
Opis:: W artykule zostały przedstawione wyniki analizy zadań przewozowych wykonanych w latach 2006–2012 w transporcie drogowym z uwzględnieniem praktyki zawierania umów na przewóz paliw płynnych. Pokazano, że efektywność ekonomiczna działalności przewoźników w dużej mierze zależy od tego, czy uwzględniono podczas zawierania umowy przewozowej różnorakie czynniki rynkowe, jak np. wzrost cen paliw płynnych, poziom konkurencji na rynku dystrybucji tych paliw, podejście do ustalania wynagrodzenia za wykonaną pracę przewozową stosowane przez producentów paliw.
The paper included the results of the transport tasks research for liquid fuels distribution by road transport taking into consideration of real-based practice the conclusion of transportation agreements. The analysis focused on different transport rates for various types of fuels transportation strategies in the period 2006–2012. The research results shows that economic efficiency for Carriers depends on the ways to enter into transportation contracts as well as various market factors, e.g. an increase of liquid fuels prices, tightening competition on the distribution market of these fuels, various changes into transportation agreements by Producers of fuels.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Problemy Transportu i Logistyki / Uniwersytet Szczeciński; 2014, 25; 165-176
1640-6818
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Problemy Transportu i Logistyki / Uniwersytet Szczeciński
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Evaluation of liquid fuels distribution quality on the example of a selected petrol station
Autorzy:: Bojar, P.
Landowski, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245011.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
fuel
oils and lubrication
Opis:: Due to a growing demand for liquid fuels in Poland, there is a need to organize their transport and distribution. Companies involved in extraction, processing and distribution and wholesale of crude oil and its products, have been operating on the fuel market for almost one century. In Poland, 700-900 thousand tons of crude oil is extracted every year, whereas the demand of Polish oil refineries for this resource is 20 mln tons, yearly. This paper describes the liquid fuel distribution system and the quality of services available at the filling station known international oil company. Characterized demand for liquid fuels in terms of their kind on the Polish market, using the results of the Polish Organization of Oil Industry and Trade in 2012. As the description of the test stations and characterized the sale of liquid fuels (type and quantity of fuel sold).It provides guidance on the company's distribution and service quality. Using the available literature shows you how to evaluate the effectiveness and quality of the distribution system. In times of global crisis, it is advisable to seek to improve the sales of liquid fuels, better organize the transport of fuel to the station to meet the demand for liquid fuels using economic methods. The company, to which the station has developed a distribution system according to your requirements, set the quality level of customer service. These activities are aimed at by increasing the efficiency of distribution and quality of services to increase sales and increase cooperation with regular customers.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 55-62
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Knock combustion in dual fuel diesel engine
Autorzy:: Żółtowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242833.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
IC engines
alternative fuels
combustion process in engine
Opis:: This article presents the problem of the knock combustion in a dual fuel compression engine, in which additional fuel besides diesel oil was compressed natural gas (CNG). CNG was injected into the engine intake system and mixed with air supplying the engine. In this paper described the reasons of knock combustion, which occur with more intensity with the increase of methane content in engine fuel. The phenomenon of knock combustion in the dual fuel engine is difficult to eliminate, often impossible to avoid, and it forms a barrier limiting increase of methane share in the fuel. Also, this article contains the results of engine indicating and discussion on changes in the indicating diagrams caused by knock combustion. Carried out tests included engine indicating and numerical calculation of indicator diagrams with using spectral analysis and filtering cylinder pressure signals with high-pass filters. As a result of this calculation, several parameters describing intensity of knock combustion were determined. They allow to tell taking into account only cylinder pressure analysis if there is knock combustion inside engine combustion chamber or not. Knocking is an undesirable type of combustion in the engine, leading to excessive thermal and mechanical loading of the engine parts, causing premature wear of them. For this reason, this type of combustion should be eliminated from the engine operation and researchers of combustion processes must be provided with tools to detect and determine this kind of combustion.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 547-553
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Combustion temperature and exhaust gas composition in si engine fuelled with gaseous hydrocarbon fuels
Autorzy:: Flekiewicz, M.
Kubica, G.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243947.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
road transport
simulation
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: This paper presents the issues connected with the process of combustion of natur al gas and methane-hydrogen blend in SI engine. Enriching methane with hydrogen is the way to make the combustion process more efficient and gives possibilities of CO 2 emission reducing. The detailed analysis focused on changes in temperature profile and their impact on thermal charge and composition of the emitted exhaust gas. All the range of investigation is divided into threeparts. First part is dedicated to comparison of combustion temperatures of LPG, CNG and Petrol. In the middle part are presented the results of investigation of influence ignition advance on combustion temperatures of CNG. The third part includes the results of research project aimed at opportunities of efficient combustion of gaseous fuels, whose main constituent is methane. The selected group of fuels included: CNG, and methane-hydrogen blends (with volumetric hydrogen shares - 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30%). The tested engine was an Opel Astra naturally aspirated four-cylinder 1.6 l petrol engine with power output of 55 kW at 5200 rpm and torque of 128 Nm at 2600 rpm. This engine was modified in a way allowing its CNG propulsion without compression ratio variations. The investigations were carried out on chassis dynamometers and were the basis for analysis by means of mathematical simulation model, in this paper. The obtained results were compared to measurements for fuelling with unleaded petrol (95-octane) as a base fuel for this drive unit. Fuelling of engine with blend of methane and hydrogen opens up opportunities for considerable reduction in CO 2. For blend contains 30% of hydrogen the emission of CO 2 was 35% lesser than in petrol case.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 105-111
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Tyre pyrolysis oil as an engine fuel
Autorzy:: Żółtowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247415.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
alternative fuels
combustion
Opis:: Tests have been carried out to evaluate the performance, emissions and heat release characteristics of a double cylinder direct injection diesel engine fuelled with tyre pyrolysis oil and diesel oil. The combustion parameters such as heat release rate, cylinder peak pressure, maximum rate of cylinder pressure, combustion knocking were also analysed. For purposes of this work raw pyrolysis oil was derived from waste vehicle tyres through vacuum pyrolysis realized in experimental installation. Results showed that the brake thermal efficiency of the engine fuelled with pyrolysis oil increased. THC, CO and CO2 emissions were found to be higher due to high aromatic content and longer ignition delay, whereas NOx shows increasing tendency due to greater heat release rate. The cylinder peak pressure did not change. The ignition delay became greater what can be the reason of problems with combustion knocking. Pyrolysis oil has a mass fraction of individual elements similar to diesel fuel but the chemical composition of hydrocarbons included in these fuels is different. The product of pyrolysis contains too much soot, sulphur, light and heavy hydrocarbons fractions for direct using it in engine. Aromatics content gives this fuel a distinctive smell. Pyrolysis oil is toxic and dangerous in use due to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). However raw pyrolysis oil is not suitable to use it as a CI fuel and requires additional distillation before using it in diesel engines as an alternative fuel in the future.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 1; 295-302
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Investigation of combustion process in dual fuel diesel engine
Autorzy:: Żółtowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247295.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
alternative fuels
combustion
Opis:: In this paper are presented results of dual fuel diesel engine bench testing carried out by author. The engine was fuelled parallel with two fuels. The second, additional fuel was compressed natural gas (CNG). CNG was injected into engine inlet system before inlet to engine turbocharger. There was installed a pressure transducer in one of engine cylinders and cylinder pressure was registered at the time of testing. There is discussed place and way of pressure sensor installation and impact on quality of indicating signals of the channel connecting the transducer with combustion chamber. The carried out investigations included measurement of emissions and engine indicating completed with the heat release characteristics. There was considered influence of CNG on CO, NOx, THC and NMHC emissions, especially how pollutant emissions depend on the share of methane in fuel. The effect of using natural gas as an additional fuel injected to regular CI engine on heat release rate was investigated, as well as its rate and duration. Discussed the differences between combustion of methane and diesel oil and ways of spreading flames into air-fuel mixture for these two mixed fuels The processes of combustion of diesel oil and methane are totally different. The study searches for the limits of methane content due to knocking combustion. Additive of methane to the diesel fuel is a reason of retarded heat release, decrease of engine efficiency, greater fuel consumption and changes in emissions corresponding to the lag of self-ignition
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 2; 303-309
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Propozycje poprawy zarządzania bezpieczeństwem w cyklu transportowym przewozów drogowych towarów niebezpiecznych
Proposals for improvement of safety management in the cycle of road transport of dangerous goods
Autorzy:: Michalik, J. S.
Gajek, A.
Janik, P.
Zając, S.
Koniuch, A.
Obolewicz, A.
Porowski, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/180892.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:: transport drogowy
transport chemikaliów
transport towarów niebezpiecznych
road transport
liquid fuels
dangerous goods transport
Opis:: Uwzględniając główną przyczynę zdarzeń awaryjnych w przewozie drogowym towarów niebezpiecznych - niezachowanie zasad bezpieczeństwa ruchu - określono rodzaje środków i działań umożliwiających poprawę bezpieczeństwa ich transportu. Wykonane analizy wykazały, że system szkolenia osób związanych z przewozem towarów niebezpiecznych, system organizacyjny jednostek ratownictwa PSP oraz procedury reagowania i zwalczania skutków awarii transportowych są zorganizowane w Polsce na wysokim poziomie i funkcjonują prawidłowo. W tej sytuacji zmniejszenie ryzyka wypadku drogowego o cechach poważnej awarii można osiągnąć w wyniku wyboru najbardziej właściwej trasy przewozowej. Została zaproponowana metoda wyboru najkorzystniejszej z punktu widzenia poziomu ryzyka przebiegu trasy przewozu towarów niebezpiecznych, oparta na ocenie pasa terenu 1,5 km od osi drogi pod względem demograficznym oraz występowania obiektów użyteczności publicznej i elementów środowiska o szczególnej wrażliwości, a także na ocenie szeregu parametrów techniczno-konstrukcyjnych trasy, dotyczących podstawowych cech ruchu drogowego.
This article defines the types of measures and actions for improving safety of road transport of dangerous goods taking into account the main cause of accidents with the attributes of major accidents in road transport of dangerous goods, i. e., disregard for traffic rules. Analyses showed that the system of training persons involved in transport of dangerous goods, the organizational system of the State Fire Service rescue units, and the procedures for responding and mitigating the effects of transport accidents in Poland are good and that they function properly. In this situation, selecting the most appropriate transport routes can reduce the risk of an accident with the attributes of a major accident. This article proposes a method of selecting the least risky transport route for dangerous goods by evaluating a strip of land 15 km from the axis of the road in terms of demographics, public Utilities, particularly sensitive environment as well as by evaluating a number of technical and construction parameters of routes related to the basie features of road traffic.
Źródło:: Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka; 2011, 5; 24-27
0137-7043
Pojawia się w:: Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Material recovery as an opportunity of immediate introduction of eco-friendly transport system (vehicles)
Autorzy:: Wojciechowski, A.
Wołosiak, M.
Doliński, A.
Pietrzak, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244327.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
material recovery
environmental protection
thermolysis
alternative fuels
transport drogowy
odzysk materiału
ochrona środowiska
termoliza
paliwa alternatywne
Opis:: The article presents an analysis of the need to introduce pro-ecological solutions at the fuel sector of industry, resulting from dynamic economic development, and environment protection requirements. The forecasts on the number of vehicles in the world and the subsequent growth of interest in alternative fuels are presented. The advantages of using these fuels as compared to petroleum fuels and electricity are described. The presented analysis emphasizes the context of EU legislation on environmental requirements. At the same time, it was pointed out the need to obtain the required technical and energy characteristics of alternative fuels, the competitive costs of their production, and important environmental aspects. Taking into account these premises and the principle of circular economy closed circuit, alternative fuels from organic waste, in particular from enormous amounts of organic non-biodegradable wastes (packaging, multi-material fabric, rubber, tires) were proposed. It has been shown that thermal decomposition by thermolysis, described briefly in the article, can be a method suitable for a wide economic application within the alternative fuel production system. Based on literature data and own experience, it has been found that the quality of fuels (oil, gas) obtained from the thermal decomposition of organic and mixed waste is not different from the requirements for the best quality raw materials used in the production of petrol and may even exceed the properties of petroleum. Introduction of the system of regional production and distribution of alternative fuels from waste could be remarkable driver of small towns and rural areas revitalization and development, while supporting build up and improvement of local communities.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 1; 465-474
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Effect of LPG gas fuel injectors on the properties of low emission vehicles
Autorzy:: Majerczyk, A.
Radzimirski, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241843.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
liquid fuels
LPG
combustion engines
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: Modern spark-ignition engines used for the propulsion of low emission vehicles are fuelled by injection systems in which the fuel is individually metered to each cylinder by a single injector (multipoint injection). For the proper engine operation, it is necessary that the injectors are similar to each other and stable in respect of the fuel dosage during the whole engine operation. This requirement is satisfactorily met by petrol injectors used by OEM. In contrast to petrol injectors, gas injector used in LPG-fuelled vehicles, in particular for the retrofit, are still in the development phase and therefore their quality and production consistency are often regarded as unsatisfactory from the standpoint of view of the proper engine operation. The injector-to-injector variation in the fuel dosage results in air-fuel mixture maldistribution in the cylinders, which, in turn, affects vehicle emission characteristics. The paper presents results of an investigation of inconsistency of gas injectors used in LPG vehicles in respect of their dosage. The method of measurement of the dosage uniformity is described. On the basis of the measurement, three sets of injectors differing in respect of injector-to-injector variation were selected for further vehicle tests. Tests were conducted on a passenger Euro 4 car. The emissions of limited pollutants were measured over the NEDC type-approval cycle and cycle's representative for the real world driving under Polish driving conditions. The paper presents results of the conducted tests and discusses the effect of injector-to-injector variation on the pollutant emissions.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 401-410
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Research of water - fuel microemulsions as fuel for diesel engine
Autorzy:: Haller, P.
Jankowski, A.
Kolanek, Cz.
Walkowiak, W. W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246514.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: road transport
combustion engines
emulsion's fuels
air pollution
environmental protection
Opis:: The combustion of fuels is and will be in the nearest future a basic way of acquiring the energy, among others, for transport purposes. Transport causes many threats for natural environment. It produces powders and particulates, together with many gaseous noxious substances and is also the source of noise and vibrations. Sources of propulsion, applied in transport, are almost exclusively piston-combustion engines, among which the dominant role play self-ignition engines. In the light of well-known advantages of these engines, they were accepted as most beneficial sources of car vehicles' propulsion in nearest decades, provided they meet the requirements of the future legal regulations regarding the environmental protection. The emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matters (PM) is a problem to be solved in modern engines. This constitutes so called targets conflict, consisting in excluding the alternative of both coefficients’ decrease, in the way of regulation the set of an engine and the limiting emissions, permitted by the EURO regulations. From among many different methods of limiting both the formation and emission of NOx, the method of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is universally applied. This method requires special installation with the catalyst and the reservoir intended for the "clinically" clean reductive measure. In the aspect of constituting opinions regarding the need of reducing additional installations and media on board the vehicle, it seems that to supply the engine with fuel-water emulsion and especially fuel-water microemulsion becomes an interesting solution.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 165-170
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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