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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Siecioholizm jako patologia społeczna o charakterze technologicznym
    Webaholism as a Technology-Related Social Pathology
    Autorzy:
    Bis, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1811396.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    media
    patologia społeczna
    nowe uzależnienia
    uzależnienie od czynności
    uzależnienie od Internetu
    social pathology
    new addictions
    dependence of activities
    Internet addiction
    Opis:
    Siecioholizm jest uzależnieniem od czynności, w których substancje chemiczne nie pełnią żadnej roli. Uzależnienie od Internetu, jako rodzaj nowej patologii społecznej o charakterze technologicznym, jest niezwykle niebezpiecznym zjawiskiem, które dynamicznie się rozwija, ponieważ początkowo niegroźne korzystanie z komputera, nawet w celach edukacyjnych, zczasem wydłuża się do kilkunastu godzin dziennie. Internet wpływa destrukcyjnie nie tylko na organizm użytkownika, lecz również na jego funkcjonowanie w sferze społecznej, emocjonalnej i poznawczej. Uniemożliwia więc jego użytkownikowi prawidłowe funkcjonowanie wżyciu codziennym i zaburza integralny rozwój dzieci i młodzieży.
    Siecioholizm is dependence of activities, in which chemicals do not play any role. Internet addiction as a kind of new social pathology of a technical nature is extremely dangerous phenomenon that dynamically expands and as the first minor to use your computer, even for educational purposes, with sometimes up to several hours per day. Internet destructive influence not only on the user's body, but also its function in the social, emotional and cognitive. Prevents the user so its proper functioning in everyday life and interferes with the integral development of children and youth.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Pedagogiczne; 2014, 6(42), 4; 103-119
    2080-850X
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Pedagogiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teoretyczne wyjaśnienia przestępczości w okresie transformacji
    Autorzy:
    Šelih, Alenka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26917631.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    przestępczość
    teoria
    patologia społeczna
    transformacja
    crime
    theory
    social pathology
    transformation
    Opis:
    W roku 1959 Czesław Miłosz opublikował wspomnienia pod tytułem ,,Rodzinna Europa”. Gdy książka ta miała ukazać się we Francji, francuski wydawca zaproponował, by zmienić nieco tytuł na ,,L'autre Europe”, ,,Inna Europa”. Wydarzenie to najlepiej unaocznianiepewność, a być może i podejrzliwość, z jaką Europa Zachodnia postrzegała Europę Środkową i Wschodnią: jak gdyby ta Europa nie zasługiwała na atrybut ,,rodzinnej”', lecz pozostawała nadal drugorzędna i odmienna. Od tego czasu minęło kilka dekad i w Europie – a także na świecie – doszło do tektonicznych zmian. Mimo to wydaje się, jakby wciąż obie Europy – Środkowa i Wschodnia – nie były Europą w prawdziwym znaczeniu tego słowa. Stosunek świata zachodniego do tej części kontynentu europejskiego jeszcze ciągle określa mieszanina niepewności, swego rodzaju egzotyczności oraz ignorancji, a daje się to odczuć nawet w stosunkowo odległej dziedzinie, jaką jest przestępczość. Dlatego badacze z siedmiu krajów tej części Europy, spróbowaliśmy pokazać, jak się u nas postrzega problemy przestępczości i jej rozwoju w ostatnich dwóch dziesięcioleciach; jakie są jej osobliwości i charakterystyczne cechy i jak należy je tłumaczyć. Niniejszyprzyczynek poświęcony jest próbie wyjaśnienia przestępczości w rozumieniu z jednej strony autorów zachodnich, a z drugiej badaczy z Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Kryminologiczny; 2013, 20; 7-13
    2084-5375
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Kryminologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    W poszukiwaniu źródeł zła. Wybrane koncepcje przyczyn zachowań z obszaru patologii społecznej
    Autorzy:
    Mudrak, Elżbieta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1932324.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Olsztyńska Szkoła Wyższa
    Tematy:
    patologia społeczna
    anatomia
    neuroprzekaźniki
    osobowość
    społeczeństwo
    social pathology
    anatomy
    neurotransmitters
    personality
    society
    Opis:
    Zjawiska z obszaru patologii społecznej stają się nieodłączną właściwością współczesnych społeczeństw. Badacze nieustannie próbują znaleźć odpowiedź na pytanie, co jest ich przyczyną. Natura zła nie jest jednak oczywista, jasna, zrozumiała. Niniejszy tekst stanowi przegląd wybranych koncepcji wywodzących się z różnych dyscyplin nauki, które odnoszą się do kwestii wyjaśniania zachowań naruszających obowiązujący system normatywny. Z jednej strony – sięgają one w sferę ludzkiej biologiczności, z drugiej – podnoszą znaczenie psychologicznego funkcjonowania Homo sapiens. Nie można jednak pomijać życia społecznego, które może skanalizować instynkty oraz popędy jego uczestników w kierunku działań antyspołecznych.
    In our today’s society manifestations of social pathology have become everyday occurences. Researchers have been trying for a long time to trace their origins. The nature of evil, however, is not clearly evident, obvious and/or easily understandable. The submitted paper sums up select concepts from various fields of sciences which focus on the primary causes of behavior that challenges existing societal norms. They investigate aspects of human biology as well as psychological foundations and mechanisms of the human species. The importance of social life, hich is capable to channel instincts of anti-social behaviour, should not be neglected, either.
    Źródło:
    Warmińsko-Mazurski Kwartalnik Naukowy, Nauki Społeczne; 2017, 3; 9-31
    2084-1140
    Pojawia się w:
    Warmińsko-Mazurski Kwartalnik Naukowy, Nauki Społeczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Rzeczywistość, która istnieje obok nas (…) – problem bezdomności i jego ocena
    Autorzy:
    Kucharczyk, Krystian
    Woźniak, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/449415.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
    Tematy:
    bezdomność
    bieda
    patologia społeczna
    społeczeństwo
    profilaktyka
    pomoc społeczna
    homelessness
    poverty
    social pathology
    society
    prevention
    social assistance
    Opis:
    Today, especially when we talk about the rapid development of the economy and technology, and the progressive process of globalization, the topic of homelessness can not be silenced. Homelessness visible in the Polish reality arouses anxiety, often combined with compassion or stigma. The following article assessed the reality of homelessness in two basic dimensions: first an assessment of homelessness affecting an individual person was made: violation of his dignity, various forms of rejection: marginalization of a man, deprivation of work, disturbed attitude to the family, homelessness including families. This study also evaluates homelessness in relation to the community that is society. Relations between the homeless and the society have been shown, among others the talk was about homeless people’s relation to social structures, about the lack of perspective on permanent work, about reluctance and even hostility towards other members of society, and finally about the lack of prospects for their own housing.
    Źródło:
    Polonia Journal; 2017, 5-6; 207-227
    2083-3121
    Pojawia się w:
    Polonia Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Alkohol w PRL
    Alcohol in the Polish People’s Republic
    Autorzy:
    Kosiński, Krzysztof
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2019267.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-09
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    pijaństwo
    alkoholizm
    „pijany budżet”
    patologia społeczna
    PRL
    alcohol drinking
    alcoholism
    ‘drunk budget’
    social pathology
    Polish People’s Republic
    Opis:
    Jednym z najważniejszych problemów społecznych i gospodarczych w latach 1945– 1989 okazało się pijaństwo i alkoholizm. W artykule poddano analizie strukturę i skalę spożycia alkoholu, znaczenie monopolu spirytusowego dla gospodarki, próby przeciwdziałania skutkom pijaństwa i alkoholizmu, społeczne mechanizmy nadmiernego spożycia alkoholu, zjawisko picia alkoholu bez okazji oraz podczas pracy, postawy Polaków wobec pijaństwa i alkoholizmu.
    One of the most important social and economic problems in 1945–89 turned out to be excessive drinking and alcoholism. The article presents an analysis of the structure and scale of the alcohol consumption, the significance of the spirit monopoly for the state economy, attempts to counteract the effects of alcohol drinking and abuse, social mechanisms of excessive alcohol consumption, the phenomenon of drinking alcohol without occasion and at work, and the attitudes of Poles towards drinking and alcoholism.
    Źródło:
    Polska 1944/45-1989. Studia i Materiały; 2020, 18; 255-268
    2450-8365
    Pojawia się w:
    Polska 1944/45-1989. Studia i Materiały
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przestępczość na terenie Warszawy. Analiza ekologiczna
    Delinquency in the Warsaw Area. Ecological Analysis
    Autorzy:
    Kossowska, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699288.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1976
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    nieprzystosowanie społeczne
    przestępczość
    Warszawa
    patologia społeczna
    klasy społeczne
    social maladjustment
    crime
    Warsaw
    social pathology
    social classes
    Opis:
    This work is devoted to an analysis of the territorial differentiation of crime and delinquency in Warsaw and the establishment of the factors, conditioning it from the socio-economic and demographic point of view. The various Polish studies on the problem of delinquency in a big city milieu (differing substantially from one another, regarding the range of the phenomenon studied as well as the research methods used) point to the differentiation of the terrain of the big cities, subjected to studies, as to the degree of intensification of delinquency. One often comes across opinions that Warsaw, because of its war and post-war history, is not a typical city, where there could exist conditions for an unhampered influence of general ecological laws. During the Second World War Warsaw was utterly destroyed and efforts were made, when the city was being rebuilt, so that the various regions of the city would be uniform from the social point of view. The general balance of losses amounted in 1945 to approximately 70% of the city's buildings, and almost 100% of the most valuable complexes of buildings of the mid-town had been destroyed. Before the outbreak of the war in 1939 Warsaw had 1,282,000 inhabitants and when the city was liberated in 1945 only 162,000 people inhabited the capital, of whom 22,000 lives on the left bank of the river (mainly in the suburbs); in 1975 Warsaw had 1,300,000 inhabitants. According to estimates 700,000 Warsaw residents were killed and the remaining inhabitants were after the collapse of the Warsaw Uprising tin 1944 driven out of the city. Due to this deportation the Varsovians scattered all over the country and only part of them returned in 1944 to Warsaw. It is estimated that the main wave of return to Warsaw of its prewar inhabitants took place up to the year 1950, when the number of prewar Varsovians in Warsaw amounted to 500,000 (out of a total of 750,000). Thus, the remaining part of the residents of Poland's capital was a population either made up of migrants  or due to the natural increase in population, or because new territories  were incorporated into Warsaw. A stop was put to the initial spontaneous migration movement of the population from other regions to Warsaw in 1954 through the introduction of registration restrictions; this was caused by the fact that the building of new houses could not cope with the rate of growth of the population. The introduction of restrictions, checking the migration movement was not combined with putting the brake to the increase in employment, which brought in its wake an enormous, steady growth of the number of people daily commuting to work in Warsaw, sometimes from quite distant regions.   Summing up, one could say that contemporary Warsaw is a city, which after almost complete destruction during the war has at a rapid rate been rebuilt, remodelled and markedly expanded as compared with its prewar shape. In principle, with the exception of relatively small parts of the city, present-day Warsaw cannot be compared with prewar Warsaw. It is being emphasized in studies, that a typical feature of postwar Warsaw is the lack of territorial segregation of the newcomers among the population, something which could be noticed in the city before the Second World War and is true today also of cities in Western Europe, America or other continents. In this city there are now no districts of traditional Varsovians and districts of the new-comers, especially from the countryside. The social changes in postwar Warsaw find their expression in the levelling of class and economic divisions between the population in the various residential areas. Social differences between the various districts also disappear at a rapid rate. It was the aim of the new social policy to shuffle the inhabitants from the social point of view, but partial studies conducted and observations revealed not only remnants of prewar aspects but also processes of some sort of selection, at the root of which lie once again economic reasons, as well as more complex psychological reasons. One of the factors differentiating the city as a whole, is the phenomenon of delinquency. This is being revealed by partial studies, of the delinquency in Warsaw, conducted during the course of the past 20 years, and concerning the various groups of offenders (mainly juvenile delinquents). The studies, to which this work is devoted, concentrate on the intensity of delinquency in the various regions of Warsaw. We have in mind here the differentiation of the city from the point of view of the intensity of various kinds of offences as well as the intensity of the number of delinquents inhabiting the various districts. Discussing the differentiation existing in the city in regard to delinquency we shall base ourselves on the administrative division of the city into districts, taking into account smaller regions, too i.e. what is called town planners’ regions. The table illustrates some of the characteristic features of these districts. These districts differ substantially from the point of view of socioeconomic features. And thus Praga North (VI) and Wola (IV) are the districts, with the biggest concentration of industry while the largest number of people employed in industry live in Praga North and Praga South (VII). The population of the various districts also differs in regard to their educational level: the highest percentage of people with at least secondary school education lives in Mid-town (district I), that with the lowest educational level in Praga North (VI). To this short characteristic should still be added that both Praga districts, situated on the right bank of the Vistula River were least destroyed during the war and there are more prewar Varsovians living there than in other districts. Especially in Praga North (VI) can be found regions which remained unchanged almost till now and which before the war were inhabited by the “lumpenproletariat” and a relatively large percentage of delinquent elements. The second division of the city used here was that into 79 town planners’ regions. This division was arranged for purposes of town planning and made it possible to set apart areas which were homogeneous from the urban and economic point of view. In our analysis this made it possible for us to set apart within each district some smaller regions,  marked by a special intensification of delinquency.   This study is based on statistical material of a dual type. We deal here with the official police statistics (containing data on the cleared up offences) for the various years between 1953-1973 (and in some cases also data from court records) as well as data especially collected by the Department of Criminology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, concerning almost all the offences reported to the police or which were revealed during investigations in 1968. This research was initiated in 1971, but material concerning the year 1969 could not be taken into consideration because of the amnesty nor that of 1970, which was the first year when the new penal code had become binding. During the course of the research- data were registered on special questionnaires, taken from the police investigation records, regarding offences committed in the area of Warsaw reported to the police in 1968 as well as the addresses of people, suspected of having committed them. When gathering these data certain types of offences of a specific nature were not taken into consideration, such as traffic, or fiscal offences or malfeasances in office. The analysis finally covered 82.4% of all the offences reported to the police in Warsaw in 1968, i.e. a total of 20,960 offences. The number of suspected individuals amounted to 12,257. Before the presentation of the results of the studies it should be recalled that, as is generally known, statistical data do not reflect the real extent of delinquency, not all the information about some the committed offences as being reported to the police and the officials entitled to prosecute. The dark number of offences that remain unrevealed, is everywhere a serious problem when examining the dimensions of delinquency. Presenting data regarding delinquency in Warsaw we want to start with a short comparison between delinquency in Warsaw and that of other cities in Poland.  The intensity of offences committed in the area of Warsaw has markedly surpassed the average figure for delinquency in the whole of Poland. During the postwar period the gap between the figure for Warsaw and that of the whole of Poland was greater than before. While in 1938 there were 219.6 registered offences per 10,000 inhabitants of Warsaw (168.7 for the whole country), in the years 1965-1967 this coefficient amounted to 247.7 (142.3 for the whole country). The greater difference between the intensity of delinquency in Warsaw and the entire country can be explained mainly as being due to the large migration, following the almost complete destruction of Warsaw during the war. But for a number of years already, there is no longer a noticeable tendency for an increase in the difference of the dimensions of delinquency between Warsaw and the rest of the country. Comparing with other cities in Poland the number of reported offences in Warsaw is rather high, though it is by no means the highest (Warsaw is the largest city in Poland, the only one that has over one million inhabitants). The delinquency rates (i.e. the number of offences in relation to that of the inhabitants) as well as its structure are in Warsaw similar to an entire group of cities, with over 200,000 inhabitants. It should be emphasized that there are only slight differences between big and small towns as regards the intensity of delinquency, though there can be noticed a distinct difference in the structure of delinquency. While Warsaw - just as the remaining cities in Poland - is marked by a considerable number of offences against property, offences against the person are distinctly much more frequent in small towns. The above-mentioned facts are related to offences registered in police records. The situation is different if one takes into account the number of people convicted for offences committed in the area of Warsaw. But in this case one should separately discuss convictions of people above 17 and of juveniles (between 10 .and 16, i.e. who are under age). Criminality of persons above the age of 17, who constitute approximately 82% of the total of persons convicted for offences, is relatively low as compared with other towns. Thus in the years 1971-1973 there 72.8 of the convicted offenders per every ten thousand of inhabit-years were ants above 17, while this coefficient for all the cities and towns in Poland amounted to 85.1. However, juvenile delinquency adopts in Warsaw especially large dimensions. In the years 1971-1973 the coefficient of convictions of juvenile delinquents amounted in Warsaw to 128.6 per 10,000 inhabitants between 10 and 16 years, while the average every coefficient of all the towns amounted to 89.5. The general picture of delinquency in Warsaw as compared with other towns in Poland is as follows: a large (though not the largest) number of offences committed, a very large number of convictions of juveniles and a small number of convictions of adults. Striking in this picture are the remarkable differences between indices related to reported offences on the one hand and indices of convictions of adults on the other hand, which is not noticed to such an extent in other cities and towns. Not taking into account here the problem of the dark number of unrevealed offences, one has to reckon with the probability of a larger average number of offences committed on an average by the individual perpetrator from city areas than is the case with those from other areas, due to the anonymity in a city crowd. We start our analysis of the differences regarding the dimensions of delinquency in the Warsaw area with a presentation of the intensity of this phenomenon in all seven administrative districts of the city, taking into account the place where the offence was committed. Use was made of police records from the years 1965, 1968 and 1971. These data reveal that only two districts differed as to the intensity of delinquency, while delinquency in the remaining districts was on an even level. Thus, the highest coefficients of registered offences per 10,000 inhabitants were found in the Mid-town district (the average coefficient of the three above-mentioned years was 377.3) and the Praga North district (average coefficient 325.4). However, in the remaining five districts the average coefficients of delinquency remained in a relatively narrow range from 159.0 to 218.4. Also from the point of view of the structure of the offences committed, only the two above-mentioned districts Mid-town and Praga North were marked by specific features. The Mid-town district is characterized by a particularly high percentage of offences against individual property and by petty offences against the person, as a rule committed under the influence of alcohol. Praga North distinguishes itself by the especially great extent of offences against the socialized property and by the more serious offences against the person. All Warsaw districts are large administrative units, each one of which is inhabited by approximately 200,000 people and they perform simultaneously various 'socio-economic functions; nevertheless Praga North and Mid-town districts reveal in this respect quite separate features, which is undoubtedly connected with the larger dimensions of delinquency. The Mid-town district situated in the centre of the city, is the only one that has no suburban areas, occupies the smallest area and has decidedly the greatest density of population. From the functional point of view it is the commercial, entertainment and transportation centre of Warsaw. In this area are the largest department stores, cinemas and other entertainment places, there also cross the urban and suburban transportation and traffic routes. The Praga North district on the other hand distinguishes itself from other districts neither by the size of its territory nor the density of population, it also has suburban areas. But part of it performs nevertheless the role of a commercial and entertainment as well as transportation centre for that part of the city, which is situated on the opposite bank of the river than the Mid-town district. In addition to this the Praga North district was one of the two districts of Warsaw that were least destroyed during the last war and retained part of the old buildings of a low standard, inhabited by the former residents, mainly by workers. Not without significance, too, is the fact that the Praga North district includes one of the most industrialized territories of Warsaw. The statements made above are related to large territorial units, namely the administrative districts of the city. Studied, too, were differentiations in the intensity of offences committed within each district, on the basis, as mentioned before, of the division of the city into town planned regions. It turned out, that the coefficients of delinquency in the various regions as well as the absolute figures of offences reported, make one reach unanimous conclusions. The largest extent of reported delinquency was found in two types of regions: in the central regions of the entire city or of particular districts as well as in regions with a concentrated industry. However, the smallest dimensions of this phenomenon are noted in suburban regions, which perform above all the functions of residential and recreational areas. Mention was made above of the differences in intensity of delinquency in Warsaw as the place where the offences were committed.. Now we wish to pass over to a discussion of the place of residence of people suspected of having committed offences. Analyzing data on the intensity of delinquency in relation to place of residence (the number of the perpetrators of offences in relation to the number of inhabitants of a given area, in the respective age groups), for the various districts, regarding juvenile delinquents (from 10 to 16 years), young adults (17-20) and adults (21 and above), it was found that the largest number of offenders live in Praga North. The sequence of other districts arranged according to the intensity of delinquency depends on the given age group. In the case of juveniles, Zoliborz takes second place and the Mid-town third. Note, that as far as young adults and adults are concerned the Mid-town has the smallest number of them living there. An illustration of these statements are the coefficients of suspected inhabitants of a given district, in the given age groups as compared with the total population of that age. Thus, the coefficients pointing to the number of juvenile, young adult and adult delinquents domiciled in the given area, are the highest for Praga North, amounting in this district, respectively to: 20.1, 25.1 and 9.1 (per 1,000 inhabitants of the given age groups). In the Mid-town district are much lower coefficients than those mentioned before: 11.3 for young adults and 4.8 for adults. Thus we see, that the Mid-town, which as far as the place where the offence was committed, belonged, together with Praga North, to the districts where the number of offences committed was highest. Nevertheless the Mid-town has the lowest number of young adult and adult delinquents living there. Thus the number of juvenile delinquents living there is rather high in the Mid-town district, but this is understandable, if one takes into account the fact that juvenile delinquents as a rule commit offences in the direct neighbourhood of their place of residence. On the other hand, it should be stressed that in Praga North, which distinguishes itself also by a high number of offences committed and outdistances even more the remaining districts as regards the number of offenders who have their domicile in this district. The difference found in the number of offenders with domicile in the various districts as compared with the differentiation of these districts regarding the offences committed there can also be noticed when one takes into account the structure of delinquency. For the sake of simplicity in this analysis offences have been divided into five categories: against the person, against the authorities and public offices, against the property, robberies and “others”. When we compare the coefficients regarding the number of offenders with domicile in a given district the number of offenders living there per the total number of inhabitants of the district in the age group 10 years and more (ratio 1:1,000), it has been revealed that most persons suspected of having committed robbery and offences against property can be found in Praga North. In the case of those who committed offences against the person first place is taken by Żoliborz. An analysis of the structure of delinquency of persons in various age groups indicates that a larger percentage of juveniles suspected of having committed offences against the person are living in the Mid-town than in other districts, and that a high percentage of persons suspected of having committed offences against property among young adults and adults live in Praga North. Striking in all the age groups is the particularly high percentage of persons suspected of offences against property among those living outside Warsaw. The next problem that has to be dealt with in the ecological analysis of delinquency is that of the “mobility” of the offenders living in the various districts of Warsaw. In other words, to what extent the offenders living in a given district commit offences in this district and to what in other districts. It is known that juveniles as a rule commit offences in the direct neighbourhood of their domicile, and that is why in their case one may not expect special “spatial mobility”. Despite this, though 75-90% of the juvenile delinquents living in each district commit offences there (excluding the Mid-town where this percentage is higher), nevertheless it can be clearly noticed that juveniles, committing offences not in their own district do that most frequently in the Mid-town district. This is true especially of that part of Warsaw situated on the left bank of the Vistula; in both districts Praga North and Praga South on the other bank of the river a slightly larger percentage of “wandering” juveniles commit offences in the district on the same side of the river than in  Mid-town. But 'the differences in this case are minimal and do not blur the general picture of the Mid-town as a district with the largest centration of delinquency committed there by juveniles inhabiting other districts. This is true especially if one takes into account juveniles from outside of Warsaw, of whom as many as 27.5% commit offences in Mid-town. As to young adults, the same conclusions may be drawn, regarding their “delinquent mobility” as in regard to juveniles, but with two exceptions. First, young adults more frequently than juveniles commit offences outside the district where they live, secondly, almost the same percentage of young adults living outside Warsaw commit offences in Praga North (22%) as in the Mid-town (21.3%). In other districts these percentages are markedly lower. As far as delinquency of adults is concerned, the Mid-town is marked by the greatest concentration of offences committed outside the place of residence, while Praga North is the site where most frequently offences are committed by adults, living outside Warsaw. It seems that the latter phenomenon is connected with the fact that in this district there are two large railway stations. The concentrating role of the Mid-town and to a lesser extent of Praga North - can also be noticed if one takes into account the various types of offences. Those living in various districts who commit offences against the person, against authorities and public offices, as well as offences against property, if they commit these offences outside the district of their domicile, do that most frequently in the Mid-town (in the case of offences against property this concerns left-bank part of Warsaw). Note, that the perpetrators of robbery do it mainly in the district where they live and in the case of this category of offenders no concentrating role of the Mid-town is being observed. Note the interesting ecological phenomenon that the Vistula River constitutes some sort of barrier, cutting through the channel of “delinquency mobility”. While offenders living in the five districts of Warsaw, situated on the left bank of the river most frequently committed offences in the Mid-town (in cases when such offences were committed outside the district of their domicile), those who lived in the two districts on the right bank more often committed offences in the neighbouring district, situated on the same bank of the river and not in the Mid-town. The data presented above on the place of residence of certain categories of offenders in the various districts and their “mobility” in connection with the offences committed by them, lead to the unequivocal conclusion, that the differentiation of Warsaw districts from the point of view discussed here makes it possible to divide them into two groups. The first group are the Mid-town and Praga North, each one of which has its clearly defined specific features, while the second group is made up of the remaining districts, which as a rule are similar regarding delinquency. The further part of this work discusses the connections between the demographic and socio-economic character of 'the various districts and the extent of delinquency on their territory approached from the point of view of the site where the offences were committed as well as the domicile of the perpetrators studied with the use of factor analysis. Taken into account in this analysis were 7 variables related to delinquency and 19 variables defining the above-mentioned characteristic features of the district. As a result of the analysis two independent factors were set apart. The first of them defines the district in the following way: a large number of adults living in this district who are suspected of having committed offences, the extent of alcoholism among the residents, a population earning their living in industry, a large percentage of the population with a low educational level, higher infant mortality than somewhere else, the concentration of industry in this district and a lower housing standard than elsewhere. The second factor defines the district in the following way: a high concentration of delinquency in general, juvenile delinquency and that of adults (here it is a question of the site where the offences were committed and not of the domicile of the offenders), a large number of juveniles living there, suspected of having committed offences, high sales figures of alcohol, concentration of trade, better access to social services rendered to the population.  Thus we see that factor I defines city regions, characterized by remnants of the past social and urban neglect. It is striking that precisely those regions where there is a concentration of the features making up an undoubtedly negative milieu (alcoholism, low housing standard, higher infant mortality than elsewhere) are simultaneously inhabited by a majority of young adults and adult offenders. However, at the same time those regions in which juveniles are residing and offences are being committed (by adults and juveniles) are of a different character.  These latter regions are defined by factor II, regarding the Mid-town  district with its features of commercial and entertainment centre. To the syndrome of variables, making up this factor, do not belong any traits which could characterize unfavourable environmental conditions (as an urban milieu). Nevertheless, precisely with this factor in connected the concentration of delinquency committed by adults and juveniles as well as the concentration of juvenile delinquents’ domicile. Among those Warsaw districts which are being defined by factor I, first comes Praga North and the last place is occupied by the Mid-town district. The order in which districts are arranged as defined by factor II is: first comes the Mid-town and then Praga North. Thus one notes a certain duality as regards Praga North, which being a commercial and entertainment centre of 'that part of the city, situated on the rigiht bank of the river, is characterized by the appearance, side by side, of terrains with modern big city buildings and regions with a very low standard of housing, and frequently one and the other are in closest neighbourhood. Connected with this is also a substantial differentiation as regards the population from the point of view of socio-demographic features. Undoubtedly it is precisely the dual nature of this district which explains the high place occupied by it among districts which come under the above-mentioned factors. Note also the fact that - in contradistinction to the case of adults - both aspects of juvenile delinquency, i.e. the domicile of the juveniles as well as the site where they commit the offences, are connected with the same “mid-town” factor. While the fact that the majority of offences are being committed in mid-town regions which are the commercial and entertainment centres of the city, seems understandable, due to the greater influx of people, the anonymity of the human crowd, etc., it may be surprising, that it is the domicile of the majority of the juvenile delinquents and not the regions marked by the remnants of social and urban backwardness, as is the case with adults offenders. But it should be borne in mind, that we are realing here with all the reported juvenile delinquents, irrespective of the degree of their demoralization. One may assume, that juveniles with a high degree of demoralization live in the same regions as the adult delinquents. In turn juveniles who are less demoralized have undoubtedly, in case their domicile is close to the commercial and entertainment centres, more opportunities to avoid the control of the adults, which is also connected with more convenient conditions for the committment of petty offences against property, typical of juvenile delinquents.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 1976, VII; 141-263
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przestępczość w Rzeszowie w latach 1990-1995
    Crime in Rzeszów in the Years 1990-1995
    Autorzy:
    Tuziak, Bożena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699140.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1996
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    przestępczość
    Rzeszów
    patologia społeczna
    statystyki policyjne
    badania kryminologiczne
    1990-1995
    delinquency
    social pathology
    police statistics
    criminological research
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 1996, XXII; 149-163
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Patostreaming – ciemna strona internetu. Analiza zjawiska na wybranych przykładach
    Patostreaming – the dark side of the Internet. Analysis of the occurence on selected examples
    Autorzy:
    Jas, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1364996.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-06-17
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
    Tematy:
    patostreaming
    social media
    social pathology
    internet
    new media
    media społecznościowe
    patologia społeczna
    nowe media
    Opis:
    Media społecznościowe zmieniają się cały czas, przynosząc nowe problemy badawcze. Jednym z nich jest zjawisko patostreamingu, który jest efektem rozwoju mediów społecznościowych. W artykule dokonano próby scharakteryzowania tego zjawiska: wychodząc od założeń teoretycznych patologii społecznej do analizy wybranych materiałów wideo. Celem artykułu było określenie, czym jest patostreaming i czym się charakteryzuje to zjawisko. Wykorzystano w nim studium przypadków oraz metodę obserwacji.
    Social media are changing all the time, bringing new research problems. One of them is the phenomenon of patostreaming, which is the result of the development of social media. The article attempts to characterize this phenomenon: starting from theoretical assumptions of social pathology to the analysis of selected video materials. The purpose of the article was to determine what patostreaming is and what it characterizes. Method case study and observation were used in this article.
    Źródło:
    Media Biznes Kultura; 2020, 1(8); 169-180
    2451-1986
    2544-2554
    Pojawia się w:
    Media Biznes Kultura
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dzieci z 200 rodzin alkoholików i alkoholiczek
    Children from 200 Families of Alcoholic Mothers and Fathers
    Autorzy:
    Strzembosz, Adam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699280.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1976
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    nieprzystosowanie społeczne
    patologia społeczna
    dziecko
    klasy społeczne
    alkoholizm
    przymusowe leczenie alkoholików
    social maladjustment
    social pathology
    child
    social classes
    alcoholism
    compulsory treatment of alcoholics
    Opis:
    1.  Subject of discussion will be such families of alcoholics (involving mothers and fathers) from the area of Warsaw, where the necessity arose to curtail, or suspend parental authority or deprive parents of such rights completely. The families investigated can be divided into the following categories: families where only the father was an alcoholic - 95 families (49.5%), families in which the father as well as the mother were alcoholics 64 families (33.3%) and families where only the mother was an alcoholic 33 familes (17.2%).* Note in the material studied here that as many as 54.5% of the mothers were considered to be alcoholics, and in this case 46% of these mothers-, alcoholics were registered as prostitutes. The mothers who were alcoholics had in 39% of the cases been convicted by courts (those who were not alcoholics in about 20% of the cases). Data regarding fathers who were alcoholics, whose average age in 1973 was 44 years, testify to the fact that the majority of them had no prior convictions or were only once convicted (57%): those with multiple convictions (four times and more) accounted for 20%. In the delinquency structure of the fathers was a predominance of violent offences committed when intoxicated. The majority of the fathers (57%) did not work or worked only on and off . The material conditions in these families of alcoholics were very unfavourable. 68% of these families lived in misery and want. Complete neglect of the children was found as regards the overwhelming majority of the fathers (62%) and a large number of mothers (41%). Especially adverse was the situation in families where the mothers were alcoholics and where misery and want was found in as many as 80%, complete neglect of the children by mothers in two-thirds of the families. As results from the above-mentioned data the situation of children in the families examined (especially in families where the mothers were alcoholics) was very bad; the criminality on the part of the fathers was, however, not a special problem here. 2. In 200 of the families of alcoholics, surveyed here, 487 children below the age- of 18 were brought up - 258 boys and 229 girls. Among these children, 20% were of pre-school age, 39.8% between 7 and 12, 38.2% between 13 and 17 years. The follow-up period was studied, regarding 487 children and juveniles from these families until the oldest among them (being at the beginning of the study above 10 years old) had reached the average age of 20 years. It should, however, be borne in mind that during the follow-up period only those data were at the disposal which could be obtained from official records, which contained information about cases brought before a court and arrests of these individuals by the police. Thus, an essential shortcoming, connected with the impossibility to conduct environmental interviews, is the lack of information about other facts, besides those in the records, such as symptoms of social maladjustment or whether the investigated individuals possessed professional qualifications and whether they had worked, in which milieu they had lived, whether they had systematically drunk alcohol to excess, etc. But data found in the records of the guardianship court, regarding the school period of the juveniles exactly characterize the extent of their social maladjustment. Significant is above all the fact that the sons of alcoholics (fathers and mothers) were often delayed in their studies at school. Among the boys below ten years one-third were already delayed in their studies: at the age between 10 and 12 half of them, however above 12 three- fourths. Among the latter there were 63% delayed by two or more years. Among girls below 10 years 14% were delayed, at the age between 10 and 12-44%, and above 12 - as many as 69%. Among girls aged above 12-43% were delayed by two and more years. Among older boys as well as older girls approximately half were children, systematically playing truant. Note data, pointing to the fact that as many, as 35% of the girls between 14 and 17 showed symptoms of sexual demoralization. In 1975 when 270 boys and girls were already above 18 years old, and their average age amounted to 20 years, it turned out that 22% of the boys had already been tried by juvenile courts, 18% had been brought before juvenile courts as well as the ordinary court and 16% only before an ordinary court. Thus generally speaking, those who faced trials during their juvenility or were convicted after having reached the age of 17, accounted for as' much as 55%. Those convicted when over 17 accounted for 34%, in addition to this 12% were indicted, which gives a total of 45% of young adults who committed offences that were reported when they were over 17 years of age. The percentage given above (55%) of those who were tried when still juveniles or convicted after the age of 17, should be considered as a high one. But the degree of delinquency disclosed is small (62% of the convicted individuals were convicted only once); it should, however, be borne in mind that only three years divided them from the age of amenability to law. To the above mentioned data should be added information regardin arrests by polic because of intoxication - as many as 61% of those convicted (or tried) had already been arrested before because of insobriety, and among those without court records - 12%. However, information regarding the delinquency of daughters of the investigated families testifies to the fact that only 15% of them had court appearances (taking into account also the period when they were juveniles). None of the girls was registered as a prostitute. Worth emphasis is the fact that children brought up in families where the mothers are alcoholics were not more frequently convicted or. arrested because of intoxication, than those where only the father was an alcoholic. The entire aspect of data related to the follow-up period of children from families of alcoholics up to the time when they were on an average 20 years old indicates that approximately half of the boys (45%) were neither convicted nor arrested by the police because of intoxication and that 79% of the girls were neither convicted nor arrested by the police. These data, due to the lack of detailed environmental interviews, as already mentioned before, do not permit identification of this category of juveniles with young adults showing no symptoms of social maladjustment. Examining the entire aspect of the studies under discussion it would be worth while to mention the results of research, conducted under the guidance of Professor Swięcicki in the years 1967-1968 on children of families of alcoholics, who underwent treatment in several outpatient clinics to cure their drinking habit, results which showed, that in these families there were twice as many pupils repeating the same grade in school and young persons between 18 and 27, maladjusted to life in society, than in families of control groups from the same social milieu. Simultaneously a significant fact was noted, namely that in families belonging to the category with the worst expectations a considerable part of children did not reveal symptoms of social maladjustment. One may assume that to a considerable extent this depends on the biogenetic and psychogenetic features of the children partly being modified by sociogenetic factors, be noticed themselves, which are only in our studies, too, could a considerable group of young adults, not convicted arrested in an inebriate state by the police, youngsters who perhaps did not reveal symptoms of social maladjustment, something which could, however, be established only on the basis of detailed studies of the milieu.
    Źródło:
    Archiwum Kryminologii; 1976, VII; 265-286
    0066-6890
    2719-4280
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwum Kryminologii
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przesłanki pracy resocjalizacyjnej w aspekcie wielowymiarowego podejścia do osoby ludzkiej
    The grounds for rehabilitation work in the aspect of a multidimensional approach to the human person
    Autorzy:
    Kudlak, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/495225.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe Franciszka Salezego
    Tematy:
    resocjalizacja
    patologia społeczna
    etyka
    psychologia
    duchowość
    Rehabilitation
    social pathology
    ethics
    psychology
    spirituality
    Opis:
    Social pathology is a toxic and threatening phenomenon for the human person because it goes beyond the scope of his internal self-regulatory capacity. It takes place simultaneously at several levels of human functioning, for example, at the socio-ethical, psychological and spiritual level. The offender is usually not in a position to independently adapt to standards or adopt certain values, has a difficult contact with his or her environment, may experience psychological problems and, finally, the impairment and distortion may also be spiritual aspects of his functioning and self-realization. The interactions of rehabilitation should be conducted on comparable levels, covering different aspects of the pathology, by a supporting and accompanying personal relationship, psychological support and spiritual support. A multi-dimensional approach to the problem is conducive to maximizing social reintegration.
    Źródło:
    Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe; 2014, 35, 1; 117-129
    1232-8766
    Pojawia się w:
    Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zachowania patologiczne z perspektywy przeżyć i doświadczeń sprawcy
    Pathological Behaviors from the Perspective of the Offender’s Experience
    Autorzy:
    Kudlak, Grzegorz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/494905.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Naukowe Franciszka Salezego
    Tematy:
    sprawca
    patologia społeczna
    dewiacja
    norma
    teoria naznaczania społecznego
    wartości
    resentyment
    sens życia
    religia
    duchowość
    transcendencja
    Perpetrator
    social pathology
    deviation
    norm
    social stigma
    values
    purpose of life
    religion
    spirituality
    transcendence
    Opis:
    The effects and social determinants of pathological behaviors seem to have been widely described and constitute the primary motivation for penal and social rehabilitation interventions aimed mainly at protecting the social interest and welfare from threatening individuals or groups. The question of harm and suffering experienced by the perpetrator (perpetrators) seems rather controversial. This paper is an attempt at analyzing selected aspects of social pathology from the perspective of an individual, who is its subject - the perpetrator but also, to some extent, the main victim of his/her own actions. These dimensions comprise a psychosociological, ethical and transcendental perspective of the discussed phenomenon, respectively corresponding to the role of mental and social mechanisms, values, and spirituality of the offender.
    Skutki i uwarunkowania społeczne zachowań dewiacyjnych wydają się dość szeroko opisane i są podstawową motywacją do interwencji karnych i resocjalizacyjnych, mających na celu głównie ochronę interesów i dóbr społecznych przed zagrażającą im jednostką lub grupą. Zagadnieniem kontrowersyjnym wydaje się kwestia cierpienia i szkód dotyczących samego sprawcy (sprawców) tych działań. W niniejszym opracowaniu podjęto próbę analizy wybranych aspektów patologii społecznej z perspektywy jednostki, która jest jej podmiotem, sprawcą lecz jednocześnie w pewnym stopniu główną ofiarą własnych zachowań. Omawiane wymiary to perspektywa psychospołeczna, etyczna i transcendentalna omawianego zjawiska, odpowiadająca odpowiednio roli mechanizmów psychologicznych i społecznych oraz przestrzeni wartości i duchowości sprawcy.
    Źródło:
    Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe; 2016, 37, 2; 73-85
    1232-8766
    Pojawia się w:
    Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przeciwdziałanie narkomanii jako element polityki społecznej w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim
    Drug prevention as the part of social policy in the Warmia and Mazury
    Autorzy:
    Suchoń, Elżbieta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2040277.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    narkomania
    narkotyki
    substancja psychoaktywna
    uzależnienie
    profilaktyka
    program przeciwdziałaniu narkomanii
    polityka społeczna
    patologia społeczna
    drug addiction
    drugs
    psychoactive substance
    addiction
    prevention
    drug addicts program
    social policy
    social pathology
    Opis:
    Do jednych z zadań administracji rządowej i samorządu terytorialnego należy opracowywanie i realizacja strategii rozwiązywania problemów społecznych oraz przeciwdziałanie naruszaniu prawa, dotyczącego obrotu, wytwarzania, przetwarzania, przerobu i posiadania substancji, których używanie może prowadzić do narkomanii. Narkomania należy do problemów o zasięgu międzynarodowym. Istnieje wiele przyczyn narkomanii, a wyjście ze stanu uzależnienia jest bardzo trudne. Wymaga to wiele wysiłku ze strony przede wszystkim samego uzależnionego oraz pomocy, cierpliwości, zrozumienia ze strony najbliższych i osób uczestniczących w terapii. Wiele placówek pomocy społecznej, pozarządowych, ochrony zdrowia jest zaangażowanych w udzielanie pomocy osobom uzależnionym i ich rodzinom oraz w opracowywanie programów profilaktycznych przeciwdziałania narkomanii. Zamierzeniem pracy jest przedstawienie programu przeciwdziałania narkomanii w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim oraz rezultatów jego wdrożenia.
    Tasks of the government and local authorities should be developing and implementing strategies for social problems solving and preventing rights violations related to the marketing, manufacture, conversion processing and possession of substances that use can lead to the drug addicts. Drug abuse is one of the international scope problems. There are many reasons for drug addicts and the output of the prior dependence is very difficult. This requires a lot of effort primarily the addicted one and support, patience and understanding from family and people participating in the therapy. Many social welfare institutions, non-governmental, health care are involved in helping the addicts, their families and in the development of anti-drug prevention programs. The intention of this work is to present the phenomenon of drug addiction occurring in the Warmia – Mazury and the results of the implementation of drug prevention programs.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Teologiczne; 2016, 63, 1; 139-157
    2353-7272
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problematyka bezpieczeństwa zdrowotnego ludności a wybrane rodzaje uzależnień o charakterze chemicznym i psychoaktywnym
    Problems of the population health security and selected types of chemical and psychoactive substance dependence
    Autorzy:
    Kromołowski, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103564.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    bezpieczeństwo zdrowotne
    uzależnienie
    zagrożenie zdrowia
    zespół uzależnienia od alkoholu
    narkomania
    patologia społeczna
    system ochrony zdrowia
    health security
    dependence
    health threat
    alcohol dependence syndrome
    social pathology
    health protection system
    Opis:
    W artykule, spośród różnorodnych zagrożeń zdrowia dotyczących jednostek, jak i szerszych zbiorowości społecznych, omówione będą jedne z najbardziej znanych i powszechnych uzależnień o charakterze chemicznym a jednocześnie psychoaktywnym (tj. alkoholizm i narkomania). Są to uzależnienia stanowiące ogromny problem dla współczesnych społeczeństw, będąc jednocześnie swoistym przejawem patologii społecznej, gdyż generują coraz więcej problemów medycznych, społecznych, prawnych i ekonomicznych. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiona zostanie problematyka narkomanii w ujęciu interdyscyplinarnym. Przedstawione zostaną definicje narkomanii, jako zespół psychicznego i fizycznego uzależnienia, charakteryzujący się zmianami zachowania i innymi reakcjami o charakterze patologicznym. Również przywołane zostaną czynniki powodujące pojawienie się zależności psychicznej, somatycznej i społecznej od danej substancji. W kolejnej części opisane zostaną zagadnienia dotyczące tematyki alkoholizmu. Wyróżnione zostaną stadia choroby alkoholowej, tj. faza: wstępna (prealkoholowa), ostrzegawcza (zwiastunów), krytyczna (ostra), przewlekła (chroniczna). Zostanie podkreślone, że proces wychodzenia (zdrowienia) z choroby alkoholowej jest bardzo trudny oraz skomplikowany i uzależniony jest przede wszystkim od chęci i dobrej woli takiej osoby a także ich rodzin, jak również, że istnieje konieczność pogłębienia współpracy instytucji zajmujących się leczeniem osób uzależnionych od alkoholu z instytucjami z obszaru pomocy społecznej, organizacji pozarządowych, urzędów pracy, nie tylko celem ich wyleczenia, jak też ograniczenia lub wyeliminowania negatywnych społecznych skutków uzależnień. W ostatniej części artykułu zostanie skonstatowane, że osoby uzależnione nie są w stanie same odstawić substancji odurzającej i pomocy w leczeniu tych dolegliwości powinny poszukiwać u psychologów, psychoterapeutów i psychiatrów oraz w placówkach zajmujących się leczeniem uzależnień (np. Punkty konsultacyjne ds. uzależnień, Poradnie ambulatoryjne, Oddziały detoksykacyjne, Oddziały leczenia uzależnień – krótko-, średnio- i długoterminowe), jak również, a może nawet przede wszystkim, w gronie osób najbliższych, tj.: rodziny, przyjaciół, znajomych. Z kolei, w końcowej części, pomimo, że do dzisiaj nie wypracowano prawdziwie skutecznych sposobów leczenia uzależnienia od substancji psychoaktywnych, ukazane zostały coraz powszechniej uznawanei stosowane standardy leczenia, polegające na integracji modelu abstynencyjnego i redukcji szkód (w tym leczenia substytucyjnego) z uwzględnieniem cech indywidualnych pacjenta (terapia zindywidualizowana).
    The paper deals, among various threats to health of individuals and wider communities, with the best known and most common types of chemical and psychoactive substance dependence (i.e. alcoholism and drug addiction). These addictions constitute a tremendous problem for contemporary societies, being also a characteristic symptom of social pathology because they generate more and more medical, social, legal and economic problems. The first part of the paper discusses the problems of drug addiction with interdisciplinary approach. Definitions of drug addiction have been presented as a syndrome of mental and physical dependence with characteristic behavior changes and other reactions of pathological nature. Factors causing mental, somatic and social dependence on the particular substance are also discussed here. The following part deals with the issues of alcoholism. Stages of alcohol use disorder have been distinguished, namely: the preliminary phase (pre-alcohol), warning phase (precursors), critical (acute) phase and long-standing (chronic) phase. It has been emphasized that the process of overcoming an addiction to alcohol (recovery) is very difficult and complicated and depends first of all on the intentions and good will of the affected person, but also on their family, that it is necessary to strengthen the cooperation between institutions involved in alcohol addiction therapy and social assistance institutions, non-governmental organizations, job centres, not only to cure alcohol use disorder but also to limit or eliminate negative social consequences of alcohol abuse. The final part of the paper concludes that addicted persons are unable to give up narcotic drugs on their own and to overcome their addiction they should seek help of psychologists, psychotherapists, psychiatrists and addiction treatment facilities (e.g. addiction consultation service, outpatient clinics, detoxication wards, long-, medium- and shortterm addiction treatment wards), but also, and perhaps first of all, among their close ones i.e. family and friends. Finally, despite the fact that until now really effective methods of treatment of psychoactive substance dependence have not been developed, the author presents more and more generally recognized and applied treatment methods which involve integration of the abstinence and harm reduction models (including substitution treatment), taking into account the patient’s individual features (individualized therapy).
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Technika, Informatyka, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa; 2018, T. 6; 57-70
    2300-5343
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Technika, Informatyka, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Opinie personelu i pacjentów leczonych odwykowo stacjonarnie i ambulatoryjnie dotyczące przyczyn i leczenia uzależnienia od alkoholu. Opinie pacjentów o alkoholizmie
    Opinions of patients and medical personnel in outpatient and inpatient health care, as related to the causes and treatment of alcohol-dependence. Opinions of patients about alcoholism
    Autorzy:
    Ścisło, Piotr
    Kozak, Marcin
    Gorczyca, Piotr W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/944748.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Medical Communications
    Tematy:
    alcohol dependence
    opinions of patients and medical personnel
    outpatient and inpatient health care
    social pathology
    sociology of medicine
    lecznictwo odwykowe stacjonarne i ambulatoryjne
    opinie pacjentów i personelu
    patologia społeczna
    socjologia medycyny
    uzależnienie od alkoholu
    Opis:
    Introduction: The approach of alcohol-dependent people and medical personnel to alcohol-related problems may affect the efficacy of preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at alcohol-dependence treatment. Material and methods: The studies involved alcohol-dependent people subjected to inpatient health care and outpatient heath care. The questionnaire study involved 308 subjects, including 104 male inpatients treated at the detoxification centre, 102 patients of outpatient detoxification departments (all males) and 102 health care personnel members employed in detoxification facilities. The studies were carried out in 1995. Results: Inpatients and outpatients differ in their evaluations of the causes and treatment of alcohol dependence relatively insignificantly. A comparison of the answers of patients and health care personnel indicated that the patients pointed mainly to life failures or bad traditions and customs. The patients did not try to deny their parents’ upbringing errors and bad example set by their families and friends. Conclusions: Inpatients as compared to outpatients more frequently chose attitudes which did not support cessation of alcohol drinking. Inpatients, as compared to outpatients, were more often characterized by worse financial situation, worse family relationships, and lower educational level. The health care personnel was usually characterized by health promoting statements related to alcohol problems, prevailing over the patients, especially inpatients.
    Wstęp: Zbadanie postaw osób uzależnionych od alkoholu oraz personelu pracującego z pacjentami uzależnionymi może być przydatne do opracowania metod zapobiegania i leczenia. Materiał i metody: Badaniom ankietowym poddano 308 osób, w tym 104 osoby uzależnione od alkoholu leczone na oddziale odwykowym stacjonarnym, 102 osoby leczone ambulatoryjnie w poradniach odwykowych i zdrowia psychicznego oraz 102 osoby z personelu tychże instytucji. Badania przeprowadzono w 1995 roku. Wyniki: Pacjenci leczeni stacjonarnie i ambulatoryjnie różnili się co do oceny przyczyn i leczenia uzależnienia od alkoholu. Porównanie wypowiedzi pacjentów i personelu wykazało różnice w zapatrywaniu się na przyczyny alkoholizmu – ci pierwsi wskazywali na niepowodzenia życiowe, złe zwyczaje i nawyki. Pacjenci nie zaprzeczali też błędom wychowawczym swoich rodziców, a także niekorzystnemu wpływowi rodzin i przyjaciół. Wnioski: W porównaniu z pacjentami leczonymi ambulatoryjnie pacjenci leczeni stacjonarnie częściej wybierali odpowiedzi w kwestionariuszu ankiety, które nie wiązały się z pokonywaniem tej choroby. Pacjenci leczeni szpitalnie wyróżniali się gorszą sytuacją majątkową, gorszymi relacjami w rodzinie i niższym poziomem wykształcenia. Personel cechował się bardziej adekwatnymi do potrzeb terapii postawami zdrowotnymi w porównaniu z pacjentami, zwłaszcza leczonymi stacjonarnie.
    Źródło:
    Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna; 2011, 11, 3; 165-174
    1644-6313
    2451-0645
    Pojawia się w:
    Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przemoc domowa a możliwości pomocy pokrzywdzonym
    The domestic violence − the possibilities of help the victims
    Autorzy:
    Bzowska, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38913241.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Niebieska Karta
    Ogólnopolskie Pogotowie dla Ofiar Przemocy w Rodzinie
    ośrodki pomocy dla osób dotkniętych przemocą domową
    Państwowa Agencja Rozwiązywania Problemów Alkoholowych (PARPA)
    patologia społeczna
    punkt konsultacyjny dla osób w sytuacji kryzysowej i ofiar przemocy w rodzinie
    rodzina z problemem alkoholowym
    telefon zaufania
    the Blue Card
    the National Network for the Domestic Violence Victims
    the centres of the domestic violence victims' assistance
    The National Alcohol Problem Solving Agency
    the social pathology
    the consulting crisis intervention point for the domestic violence victims
    the family with the alcohol problem
    the trust phone
    Opis:
    The domestic violence called the family violence is any kind of the deliberate behaviour connected with the taking advantage from the force predomination directed against the family member which violates the family member's rights and results in physical and psychical suffering. The violence is a kind of pathology. Simultaneously, the domestic violence is a crime, but most of its victims are not aware of the fact that this behavior pattern is rooted in their families. They allowed to be abused as well as they permit the child abuse and treat it as normal. The examinations conducted amongst the domestic violence victims show that the victims act unconsciously according to the stereotypes and thought schemes repeated from generation to generation. There are many forms and methods of the violence victims’ assistance, but the efficiency most of all depends on the reaction time of the adequate services and their assistance. Therefore, the construction of the assistance net for the domestic violence victims is so crucial. The net should react in the adequate way as soon as it is possible. There must be the change in the society attitude towards the specialists helping the domestic violence victims as well as the change in the victims attitude. Only then the full success in carrying help to the domestic violence victims will be possible.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL; 2008, 4, 1; 87-96
    1896-6365
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Wydziału Nauk Prawnych i Ekonomicznych KUL
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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