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Wyszukujesz frazę "mental" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Family life as an area of emotional work and investments: an analysis from the perspective of sociology of mental health
Autorzy:
Frąckowiak-Sochańska, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1827590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
mental health
mental disorders
family
marital status
gender
Opis:
The purpose of this paper is to analyse and interpret family life as an area of individuals’ emotional work and investments. The perspective of the above mentioned analysis is designated by the sociology of mental health. Relationships within a family have undeniable influence on the state of people’s mental health. These relationships can be a source of support as well as emotional burden. Families can either compensate for the social stress individuals experience due to processes at the macro level or enhance the emotional tension resulting from social stress. The main method used in this study is meta-analysis of epidemiological and clinical data concerning the mental health of the global (WHO) and Polish population (EZOP-Poland) and my own research – a nationwide, representative survey (N=1,000) carried out in Poland, which was part of a broader theoretical and empirical project devoted to the process of social construction of the categories of mental health, disease and disorder in late modern society. I also refer to my qualitative research including twenty in-depth interviews with psychologists, psychiatrists and psychotherapists who had experience in carrying out family, couples and individual therapy. The research objective was to find out whether and in what way some issues described from the socio-cultural perspective manifest themselves in the form of problems with which people turn to psychotherapists. The analysis and interpretation of data from the above mentioned sources enable us to put forward a thesis that living within a family entails not necessarily an alternative (either emotional burden or support), but a conjunction (both emotional burden and support). In this context the practical solutions that enable families to protect and strengthen the individual’s mental health should be searched for.
Źródło:
Studia Demograficzne; 2020, 176, 2; 71-93
0039-3134
Pojawia się w:
Studia Demograficzne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MENTAL HEALTH IN THE PANDEMIC TIMES
Autorzy:
FRĄCKOWIAK-SOCHAŃSKA, MONIKA
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036113.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-14
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
pandemic
social trauma
stress
mental health
mental disorders
deconstruction
Opis:
The primary aim of this paper is an attempt at the analysis of the prospective direct and indirect, short- and long-term consequences of COVID-19 pandemic for the individuals’ mental health. The secondary aim is to deconstruct the binarity of categories of “mental health” and “mental disorder” in the context of the global critical situation. The pandemic and its consequences such as isolation requirements as well as uncertainty in diverse aspects of life burden the individuals with the stress that results in the increase of anxiety and depressiveness, which challenges the public mental health care systems. Since the anxiety and depressive states are the reactions to a hazardous outside situation, the categories of “mental health” and “mental disorder” needs reconsideration. The theoretical framework of present analyses is determined by the theory of social (cultural) trauma. The method used for the present study is a meta-analysis of theoretical literature, the results of empirical research on COVID-19 pandemic published so far (mostly in medical journals), studies on psychosocial aspects of the previous pandemics (SARS and Ebola), and press publications selected on the basis of their content on mental health issues in the context of the coronavirus pandemic.
Źródło:
Society Register; 2020, 4, 3; 67-78
2544-5502
Pojawia się w:
Society Register
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The use of Snoezelen in prevention and therapy of mental and behavioural disorders
Autorzy:
Dziewiątkowska-Kozłowska, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2054321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy
Tematy:
pedagogy
psychology
Snoezelen
mental health
mental disorders
behavioural disordes
therapy
prevention
Opis:
The subject of the author’s discussion is to present the Snoezelen as a method supporting comprehensive human development, which can be used in the therapy and prevention of mental health. The starting point for considerations is the currently observed upward trend in the scope of the occurrence of difficulties in mental functioning, especially in Poland, affecting an ever wider group of people. The use of therapeutic support dedicated to individual patients was presented. The search for new solutions in the field of optimization of psychological and therapeutic help was considered, due to the growing need to mobilize interdisciplinary therapeutic activities. The Snoezelen method was indicated as a promising form of therapeutic support with high international effectiveness in various recipients. The author points out the need to include the Snoezelen among the fundamental methods of therapy, at the same time, reflecting the need to expand research in this area.
Źródło:
Przegląd Pedagogiczny; 2021, 1; 298-309
1897-6557
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Pedagogiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problematyka zaburzeń reaktywnych i symulacji w praktyce sądowo-psychiatrycznej i penitencjarnej
The Problem of Reactive Mental Disorders and of Malingering in Forensic Psychiatrist Practice
Autorzy:
Batawia, Stanisław
Uszkiewiczowa, Lidia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699294.pdf
Data publikacji:
1964
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
zaburzenia psychiczne
mental disorders
Opis:
Problems of reactive mental disorders and of the simulation of mental disorders have lately been very poorly represented in both psychiatrist and criminological literature. The present contribution discusses the sources of a considerable number of difficulties which emerge in practice when discussing the question of “Reactive disorder or malingering?”, as well as the errors of diagnosis in diagnosing malingering. The contribution is based on a analysis of material which comprizes three hundred and fifty cases of reactive mental disorders, and ninety-nine cases of malingering (simulation), with the accused; such material has been obtained from the Department of Forensic Psychiatry of the Psychoneurological Institute and from fifteen mental hospitals in Poland, to which prisoners were sent for observation. When making use of the term of “ malingering” , the contents of that notion ought to be narrowed down so as to comprize behaviour of such kind, which consists in an individual who is not mentally ill consciously producing definite psychopathological symptoms. We could not possibly consider to be malingering in the true sense of the word the producing by a mental patient (e.g. one suffering from schizophrenia) of symptoms which are not characteristic of the disorder in question. What is described by the term of sursimulation, even though it contains elements of malingering, essentially differs from true malingering. On the other hand, the view is not correct which reads that we may only then speak of malingering, when the simulating of symptoms of mental disorders makes its appearance with persons who do not exhibit any abnormal traits. Malingering most frequently makes its appearance with prisoners who exhibit symptoms of psychopathy, encephalopathy, mental deficiency, etc. The problem of metasimulation deserves special attention. The fact that at a given moment we have to do with a behaviour which indicates malingering is not by itself evidence that previously, during the period immediately preceding such malingering, reactive disorders did not appear with same prisoner. The symptoms of reactive disorders during the period which preceded the sending of the prisoner to a mental hospital may have become almost entirely extinguished, while their place was taken by an attitude of malingering, greatly reminiscent of the recent symptoms of reactive mental disorders. Besides, in cases of that kind there also arises, as a rule, the question of whether, side by side with elements of malingering, there do not appear feebly marked symptoms of reactive mental disorders, as remnants of the reactive disorders from which the patient had previously been suffering. Neither should another difficulty, which jurisdiction finds in its path, be forgotten. When having to do with an attitude of obvious malingering, one ought to take into consideration the possibility of malingering being gradually transformed into reactive disorders. The mechanism of malingering becomes fixed in the prisoner’s mind, it undergoes automation, and sets into motion a hysterical mechanism, which, in its turn, acts independently, in the way proper to it, owing to which psychogenic disturbances arise. Such a state as that cannot be described as malingering, in spite of the fact that it was simulation that not only constituted the starting-point of the disorders arisen, but had actually provoked, and to some extent moulded, them. An individual in that state no longer exercises any control over the symptoms of reactive disorders which have appeared, he ceases to exercise any mastery over them; the former malingering mechanism has been driven out of his consciousness and has become transformed into a new, and considerably more complicated hysterical mechanism. The cases discussed above may still run a course complicated in another way, namely after the transformation of malingering into reactive disorders certain symptoms of the latter in their turn are subject to undergo, even after the extinction of the disorders, a conscious consolidation through the new manifestation of the malingering mechanism. Therefore in such cases malingering may be observed, not only at the beginning, but also after the recession of the state of reactive disorders, in the form of metasimulation. The mechanism of the arising of reactive disorders is analogous to that of the arising of malingering; at the basis of both the above mechanisms there lie certain common fundamental tendencies. In all probability malingering runs along the very same tracks as hysterical reaction, and mobilizes, through the intermediary of autosuggestion, analogous mechanisms, causing, as it were, the automation of certain attitudes. Malingering individuals, even though at first they control that mechanism and consciously steer it, may lose their control over it. This leads to the cases of a transformation of malingering into reactive mental disorders, discussed above. The knowledge of making use of a mechanism approximating a hysterical one, of producing and fixing certain symptoms which would constitute a good imitation of disorders, is - as is well known - a most difficult thing. This is why long-lasting and consistently carried out malingering is an extremely rare phenomenon. An individual who simulates in such a way must be equipped with peculiar features, in order to be equal to tasks of that kind. Hence the well-know saying that “ one can simulate well only that which is close to the simulating persons’s individuality” (Lassegue), and that “ a good malingerer must be born such” (Braun). Among psychiatrists there prevails, generally speaking, an agreement as to the view that long-lasting and consistent malingering happens, as a rule, only with persons whose personality exhibits clearly pathological features. The data obtained from sixteen mental hospitals for the period of 1953 - 1960 bear witness to the fact that, out of 5,967 male prisoners sent there for psychiatric examination, mental reactive disorders have been found to exist with 711 cases (11.9 per cent.), and malingering of mental disorders in a mere 99 cases (1.6 per cent.). In the case of the 793 women, sent from prisons to mental hospitals for psychiatric examination, reactive disorders were found to exist in 73 cases (9.2 per cent.), and malingering in a mere 7 cases (0.9 per cent). When we analyse the 99 forensic-psychiatric reports which diagnosed malingering, it appears that we may distinguish two different groups of cases among them. The first of them comprizes 70 prisoners,, with whom the diagnosis of mere malingering does not arouse any essentia] diagnostical reservations. On the other hand, in the second group, which comprizes 29 cases, we have to do with 19 cases of undoubted metasimulation, as well as with 19 cases which are doubtful. Doubts arise in connection with the possibility of the co-existence of reactive disorders with simulation (5 cases), as well as with the presence of reactive disorders during the period immediately preceding malingering (3 cases), or finally, because of data which speak in favour rather of reactive disorders than of malingering (11 cases). Thus it is only in seventy cases that the diagnosis of malingering does not arouse any serious doubts; neither should it be forgotten that, at the same time (i.e. during the same seven-and-a-half-year period) as many as 711 cases of reactive mental disorders were observed with prisoners in sixteen mental hospitals. Thus cases of malingering of long duration are an extremely rare phenomenon in forensic psychiatrist practice. For the purpose of establishing how do the data look which concern long-term malingering of mental disorders in prisons, data concerning the number of cases of malingering within the period of one year have been obtained from the psychiatrists employed in two large Warsaw prisons, which are, in principle, destined only for prisoners under investigation. It was found that the number of malingering prisoners amounted, in one prison to nine, and in the other to five. Taking into consideration the number of all the prisoners detained in those prisons in the course of twelve months, the “ co-efficient of malingering” , calculated as per one thousand prisoners, amounts to 1.86 and 0.96 respectively. After a correction has been introduced, because of the possibility of certain prisoners failing to report for examination, that co-efficient should not exceed 2 pro mille.[1] Among the 350 cases of reactive disorders, selected by lot out of the total number of reports with a diagnosis of “ reactive disorder” for the purpose of obtaining a representative sample, metasimulation during the period of clinical observation has been stated to take place in as many as 24.8 per cent, of the cases.  When examining the two groups of cases: those of “ pure” malingering and those of metasimulation, we can establish the essential differences which exist between them. Those prisoners with whom no reactive disorders have been found to exist during observation, simulate other symptoms of psychotic disorders than those prisoners, with whom malingering has made its appearance only after the extinction of reactive disorders in hospital.   In the group of the seventy “ pure” cases of malingering the most numerously represented is the simulation of memory defects and of mental deficiency, or else of dementia; apart from the above, prisoners also simulate symptoms of conversion hysteria, of hallucination or delusion, as well as, exceptionally, symptoms of stupor.  On the other hand, in the group of fifty cases of metasimulation, more than one-half of the total number consisted of prisoners who simulated symptoms of pseudodementia along with elements of puerilism (which were altogether absent from the group of “ pure” simulation). Of cases of con- fabulation with symptoms of pseudodelusions there were eight, while there were none of them in the “ pure simulation” group. Of individuals who simulated memory disorders there were three times less.  Deserving of particular attention are the twenty-six cases of “ pure” malingering, in which the whole manner of simulating, the contents of the pseudo-symptoms produced, and the prisoner’s entire behaviour are of such a kind, that it seems improbable that the simulating individual could suppose that he would succeed in deluding his environment. The attitude of such prisoners is one of playful contradiction, usually coupled with irony and mockery with regard to the medical personnel; their behaviour is characterized by elements of acting and indeed of clowning; the absurdity of their utterances is glaring. Periodically, however, states of a certain inhibition make their appearance, and from time to time sudden changes of mood are visible, considerable tension, violent attempts at aggressive behaviour, and tendencies to self-mutilation.  It was Mönkenmöller who, once upon a time, drew attention to that peculiar form of malingering, in which it is impossible to detect any intelligible purpose. In such cases malingering assumes the character of acting which gives the malingerer some satisfaction (“spielerische Simulation' 4, as Utitz called it); The picture of malingering gives one to think by its specific features, and is distinguished, from the other types of malingering, by its altogether exceptional primitivism and inconsistency. 92 per cent, of the prisoners who simulated in that way were recidivists with a considerable number of previous convictions to their names. In the anamnesis of nearly one-half of them alcoholism and brain trauma, as well as other chronical brain diseases, made their appearance. More than one-half of their total number have performed self-mutilation in prison. In the cases of “pure”, true malingering there appear, in the hospital material investigated, numerous prisoners with symptoms of encephalopathy (37.1 per cent.) and psychopaths (about 40 per cent.), as a rule described as impulsive, irritable, aggressive. Not a single malingering prisoner has been qualified as an individual with a normal personality. The prisoners who simulated mental disorders are recruited - 81 per cent, of them - from among recidivists, as a rule from among juvenile or young offenders: sixty-six per cent, of the investigated were under twenty-five years of age. They belonged to the category of offenders who commit common offences, mostly offences against property, with thefts predominating. Among the reactive mental disorders to be met with in forensic psychiatrist practice and in the prisons, two kinds of disorders may be distinguished. First of all, the group of disorders of the type of hysterical disorders, the majority of which has a more primitive character; they are: pseudodementia, Ganser’s syndrom, puerilism, states of incomplete stupor and of stupor, fancies with contents similar to those of delusions, and symptoms of conversion hysteria. It is precisely that category of disorders that oftentimes causes particular difficulties in practice, when it is a matter of distinguishing them from malingering. The second group of reactive disorders, with more psychotic symptoms, comprizes: reactive depressions, stupor, and syndroms with delusions and hallucinations and paranoid states. In this category of disorders disturbances of consciousness are much more clearly discernible than they are in the first. Bunyeyev, however, correctly emphasizes the fact that clinical experience points to the fact that in the several syndroms distinguished above there are frequently contained elements, of other reactive syndroms, and, moreover, in a considerable number of cases it can be observed, how, in the course of the disorders, one set of syndroms gives way to other symptom syndroms. Consequently, the clinical picture is usually considerably more complicated than would result from a description that would only take into consideration the most fundamental elements. Among the three hundred and fifty cases of reactive disorders with prisoners under investigation the several syndroms make their appearance In the following dimensions:   Pseudodementia                                                 90 cases    25.7 per cent. Puerilism                                                              16     “          4.6 per cent.  Ganser’s syndrom                                              17     “          4.9 per cent. Depressions                                                         79      “        22.6 per cent. Syndrom of stupor (41)                                      59      “          and states of incomplete stupor (18)              47       “       16.9 per cent. Syndroms with hallucinations and delusions                      13.4 per cent. Paranoid states                                                    12       “        3.4 per cent. Conversion hysteria                                             20      “         5.7 per cent. Fancies with contents similar to delusions     10       “         2,8 per cent. Pseudodementia, Ganser’s syndrom and puerilism between them account for 35.2 per cent, of the material investigated. Pseudodementia and puerilism frequently constitute the source of serious difficulties when it is a matter of distinguishing them from malingering, if hospital observation is of too short duration. Seventy per cent, of the above cases spent over three months on observation in hospitals, including nearly twenty per cent, who spent more than six months there.  After a syndrom of pseudodementia, it may be sometimes observed the malingering of the extinct symptoms of that syndrom (metasimulation). Among the cases of metasimulation in the material under investigation in fifty-five per cent, malingering was precisely connected with pseudodementia. Reactive depressions are the second set, as far as numbers are concerned, in the material under investigation (22.64 per cent.). Reactive depressions are of various character. The obvious colouring of the majority of such states with hysterical traits frequently lends a peculiar stamp to the clinical picture, and may incorrectly suscitate a suspicion of malingering.  Mental disorders with a stupor syndrom, as is well known, rarely arise as isolated type of reaction. Considerably more frequently stupor takes place after pseudodementia, Ganser’s syndrom and puerilism, not infrequently after a period of a seeming withdrawal of all reactive symptoms. What is more, after stupor there frequently appear once more symptoms of other reactive disorders, first and foremost those of pseudodementia (Bunyeyev, Pastushenko). In cases of incompletely developed stupor there frequently appear suspicions of malingering, even though such casses ought to be numbered undoubted mental disorders.  When discussing cases with a hallucination and delusion syndrome one ought to remember that even in such cases the suspicion of malingering occasionally makes its appearance. This is influenced by the fact that the contents of the hallucination are closely connected with the prisonner’s own situation, that his behaviour is characterized by lively emotional reactions, and that he not infrequently manifests interest in his further lot, his family, etc. In fact the suspicion of malingering as a rule proves to be unfounded. Morever, it should not be forgotten that, in cases with a hallucination and delusion syndrome there not infrequently emerge serious diagnostic difficulties in connection with the posibility of the existence of schizophrenia.  Among the reactive disorders observed with prisoners in the hospitals there were twelve cases of acute paranoid state. In this, relatively very infrequent, syndrom, which develops against a background of intensified fear and anxiety, and rapidly disappears under conditions of hospitalization, the existence of hallucinations, mainly visual ones, has also been found.  The symptoms which approach delusions include the so-called confabulation, with contents resembling those of delusions (“wahnhafte Einbildungen” ), which had been described by Birnbaum more than fifty years ago. The inventing of occasionally the most improbable and queerest facts takes place against a background of usually glaringly expressed hysterical traits; occasionally elements of pseudodementia and puerilism become visible. All this together may suscitate serious suspicions of malingering; prolonged observation, however, makes it posible to find the existence of clearly reactive disorders. Of such cases there were ten in the material under investigation. Predominant among them were cases of persecutory pseudodelusions (eight cases), with the most absurd and fantastical subject-matter. In the remaining two cases it was grotesque grandiose pseudodelusions that made their appearance. Both the attitudes and the behaviour of all such individuals were, as a rule, in complete contradiction with the contents of their utterances. Those prisoners who exhibited symptoms of reactive mental disorders differ in an essential way from those prisoners who simulate pathological symptoms. First of all, there are considerably less recidivists among them: the percentage of the latter did not exceed 33 per cent, while with the simulators it reached 81 per cent. Among the prisoners with reactive disorders there are less individuals who would exhibit organic changes of the brain (23 per cent., as compared with 37,1 per cent, with the malingerers), while, on the other hand, the percentage of persons of the schizoid type is considerably larger (36 per cent., as against about 10 per cent, with the malingerers), as well as that of psychopaths with obvious hysterical traits (31.4 per cent., as against about 20 per cent, with the malingerers).  A mere 4.5 per cent, of the total number of prisoners with reactive mental disorders under investigation were found to be persons whose premorbid personality did not suggest any suspicions concerning pathology; all the remaining ones figure, in the diagnoses, either as psychopaths, or else as persons with symptoms of encephalopathy. In spite of the lack of any exhaustive anamneses in a great many cases it was found possible to state that at least 17 per cent, of the prisoners sent to mental hospitals because of reactive mental disorders had already previously suffered from such disorders. The cases of reactive states of a protracted character, numerous in the material under investigation (32 per cent, among the cases dealt with in the Institute of Psychoneurology) make one realize the importance of a proper conception of the problem of reactive mental disorders with prisoners. In those cases states which could at first produce an impression of simulation were relatively numerously represented. Mistrust in such cases might well be increased by the fact that nearly one-half of them consisted of prisoners accused of the perpetration of homicide. A hospital observation which went on for many months on end, not only did confirm the diagnosis of a reactive mental disorder, but has also, over and above that, demonstrated that those mental disorders had, in a considerable number of cases, become so deep, that a large number of the patients had to be assigned for release from prison. Merely about 22 per cent, of the total of those suffering from protracted disorders recovered their health and could, later on, be prosecuted before a law-court.  A working hypothesis in both prisons and forensic-psychiatric practice should therefore be the premisse that a pure malingering of mental disorders going on for a longer period of time is an altogether exceptional phenomenon, and that, as a rule, we have to do, in such cases, with reactive disorders. A different approach not only does run counter to the present-day state of psychiatrist knowledge, but is also highly harmful for both forensic and prison practice, as well as being inhumanitarian.   [1] In order to avoid any misunderstandings it ought to be emphasized that we are here referring to cases of long duration, of a malingering of mental disorders going on for at least several weeks on end. Clumsy attempts at simulating pathological symptoms for a period of a few days, naturally, altogether elude a psychiatrist who is not permanently employed in the prison in question, and, in all probability happen much more frequently
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1964, II; 251-291
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan psychiczny i jakość życia matek opiekujących się dziećmi z upośledzeniem umysłowym jako czynniki wpływające na jakość opieki - przegląd piśmiennictwa
The mental health condition and the quality of life of mothers looking after children with mental retardation as factors related to the quality of parental care – review of bibliography
Autorzy:
Baleja-Stawicka, Ilona
Rabe-Jabłońska, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Medical Communications
Tematy:
jakość życia
mental disorders
mental health condition
mental retardation
opieka
parental care
quality of life
stan psychiczny
upośledzenie umysłowe
zaburzenia psychiczne
Opis:
The aim of the report is to portray the contemporary knowledge concerning mental health condition and the quality of life of mothers taking care of mentally handicapped children as factors relating to the quality of parental care. People with mental retardation have problems with adaptation to different aspects of life. Therefore a parental care is thought to be strenuous and long-lasting. Parents have to accept the fact that their children will need protection for the whole life and that children’s health condition have never been essentially improved. Medical research show that looking after mentally retarded children have negative influence both on mental health condition and the quality of life of caregivers. Such parents suffer from depression, anxiety disorders, insomnia, a feeling of guilty, loneliness and social isolation more often than parents of healthy children. There are a lot of aspects of maternal care, which seem to be stressful. They are not only factors connected with the level of functioning of a child and the health condition of a parent, but also with difficulty in finding babysitter, financial status, lack of emotional support from a partner or friends, change of future prospects and restrictions of social life. Additionally, it is important to notice that mental health condition has meaningful bearing on the quality of child protection. Researchers believe that mental disorders of mothers such as depression, anxiety, psychosis can be the causes of child neglect. As a consequence, children are affected with delayed speech, behaviour disorders, trunacy, problems with learning and personality disorders in the future. Some investigators believe that even slight symptoms of discouragement concerning mothers could be a cause of their irratibility and poor concentration abilities, which are noticed by a child.
Celem pracy jest przedstawienie aktualnej wiedzy na temat stanu psychicznego i jakości życia matek opiekujących się dzieckiem z upośledzeniem umysłowym, które są czynnikami istotnie wpływającymi na jakość opieki. Osoby upośledzone umysłowo mają deficyty w przystosowaniu się do wielu aspektów życia, dlatego praca związana z opieką nad takim dzieckiem jest żmudna i długotrwała. Rodzice muszą pogodzić się z faktem, że ich dzieci będą potrzebować opieki przez całe życie oraz że ich stan zdrowia nie ulegnie istotnej poprawie. Z wielu badań wynika, że opieka nad dzieckiem upośledzonym ma wpływ na stan psychiczny i jakość życia opiekuna. U rodziców takich dzieci częściej stwierdza się zaburzenia depresyjne, lękowe, zaburzenia snu, poczucie winy, osamotnienia oraz izolacji społecznej. Wiele aspektów opieki jest stresogennych dla matek. Są to nie tylko czynniki związane z poziomem funkcjonowania dziecka czy ze stanem zdrowia samego opiekuna. Badacze potwierdzają, że źródłem stresu są duże trudności w znalezieniu opiekunki dla dziecka upośledzonego, problemy finansowe, brak wsparcia emocjonalnego ze strony partnera i przyjaciół, zmiana planów życiowych, ograniczenie kontaktów towarzyskich. Warto zauważyć, że stan psychiczny matki wpływa znacząco na jakość samej opieki. Badacze uważają, że choroby psychiczne u matki, takie jak zaburzenia depresyjne, lękowe, zaburzenia psychotyczne, są jedną z przyczyn zaniedbywania dzieci oraz występowania u podopiecznych opóźnionej mowy, zaburzeń zachowania, unikania szkoły, problemów z nauką oraz zaburzeń osobowości. Według niektórych nawet niewielkie uczucie zniechęcenia u matki doświadczane w codziennym życiu jest przyczyną zwiększonej drażliwości i zaburzeń koncentracji, które są dostrzegane przez dziecko.
Źródło:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna; 2007, 7, 3; 165-169
1644-6313
2451-0645
Pojawia się w:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Narodowy Program Ochrony Zdrowia Psychicznego – przyczyny niezreazaliowania celów i zadań
National Programme for Psychiatric Health Protection – Reasons for Missing the Objectives and Tasks
Autorzy:
Gostyńska, Maria M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417084.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-08
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
mental health
National Programme for Psychiatric Protection
mental disorders
psychiatry model
specialist help
Opis:
The organisation of psychiatric care in our country, apart from the low level of its financing, is the main barrier that hampers the access to services to patients with psychiatric disorders. In the past, the model of isolation predominated in treatment. Contemporary science proposes an environmental model of psychiatry which is an optimal solution for the patients and their families. The reconstruction of the system was to be provided through effective realisation of the Psychiatric Health Protection System in the years 2011-2015. In her article, the author discusses the details of the Programme, and she presents the reasons for missing its objectives and tasks that were spotted during the NIK audit.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2017, 62, 4 (375); 108-124
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prevalence of selected mental disorders among graduation class adolescents: data from a screening study
Autorzy:
Nowicka-Sauer, Katarzyna
Karcz, Bartosz
Dymowska, Aleksandra
Siebert, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/552854.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Przyjaciół Medycyny Rodzinnej i Lekarzy Rodzinnych
Tematy:
mental disorders
adolescent
public health.
Źródło:
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review; 2018, 3; 241-244
1734-3402
Pojawia się w:
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od izolacji do leczenia. Ewolucja stosunku do psychicznie chorych w dziewiętnastowiecznych Prusach na przykładzie funkcjonowania Prowincjonalnego Zakładu dla Chorych Psychicznie w Darłowie (1841–1900)
From Isolation to Treatment: Evolution of Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill in the Nineteenth-Century Prussia, as Seen in the Case of the Provincial Department for the Mentally Ill in Darłowo (1841–1900)
Autorzy:
Chróściak, Emil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1059218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-30
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
social history
history of medicine
mental ward
psychiatry
mental disorders
darłowo
prussia
nineteenth century
Opis:
The situation of the mentally ill changed significantly at the end of the eighteenth and in the nineteenth century, the era that saw a gradual dissemination of humanitarian ideas. In Prussia, the humanitarian reforms began in the early nineteenth century and resulted in the establishment of several institutions for the mentally ill, which were to appear in all provinces of the Hohenzollern monarchy. One of these facilities was the institution in Darłowo (Rügenwalde), which was established in 1842. The aim of the paper is to answer the question whether the humanitarian proposals were implemented in practice. To date, Polish researchers have studied these issues only in the context of the Province of Silesia and Province of Posen. The application of the comparative method and the analysis of the documents, including rules and guidelines for the facility in Darłowo, have demonstrated that the implementation of the reforms in the Province of Pomerania was significantly delayed. The facility in Darłowo was not meant as an institution for treating patients with mental illness until the 1860s. The organisation of the staff, little or no variety in categorising patients, and slim chances of leaving the facility indicate that its main aim was to isolate patients from the society. The humanitarian ideas can be deemed to have been implemented only as of 1863, i.e. after the institution had been reorganised. It was then that the main task of the facility became to effectively and non-violently treat the mentally ill and enable their return to society.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2020, 85, 2; 95-112
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mental disorders and somatic disease – an interdisciplinary issue
Autorzy:
Szcześniak, Dorota
Rymaszewska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/552384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Przyjaciół Medycyny Rodzinnej i Lekarzy Rodzinnych
Tematy:
mental disorders
somatic diseases
consultation psychiatry.
Źródło:
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review; 2012, 3; 507-513
1734-3402
Pojawia się w:
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwagi de lege lata i de lege ferenda na tle projektu ustawy o zmianie ustawy o ochronie zdrowia psychicznego (nr z wykazu prac legislacyjnych UD 444)
De lege lata and de lege ferenda remarks against the background of the draft law on amendments to the Law on Mental Health Care (legislative work list number UD 444)
Autorzy:
Wojcieszak-John, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519338.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
mental disorders
mental health care
mental disorder patient
health care benefits
direct coercion
zaburzenia psychiczne
ochrona zdrowia psychicznego
pacjent z zaburzeniami psychicznymi
świadczenia zdrowotne
przymus bezpośredni
Opis:
This article synthesizes the legal doubts that arise against the background of the draft law on amendments to the Law on Mental Health Protection. The considerations undertaken by the author focus on the proposed changes in psychiatric terminology, the premises for the use of direct coercive measures and the procedure for the use of direct coercive measures. The author analyzes the assumptions of the draft amendments to the Law on Mental Health Protection from the point of view of the situation of patients with mental disorders. Due to the nature of the proposed solutions, as well as criticism of the current law, the author enters into a polemic with the position presented by the authors of the project and proposes de lege ferenda postulates. The entire discussion is crowned with a conclusion, in which attention is drawn to the lack of linguistic precision on the part of the drafters. This may contribute to a restriction of the rights and freedoms of patients with mental disorders.
Artykuł w syntetyczny sposób prezentuje wątpliwości natury prawnej pojawiające się na tle projektu ustawy o zmianie ustawy o ochronie zdrowia psychicznego. Rozważania podjęte przez autorkę koncentrują się wokół propozycji zmian w zakresie terminologii psychiatrycznej, przesłanek stosowania środków przymusu bezpośredniego oraz procedury stosowania środków przymusu bezpośredniego. Autorka analizuje założenia projektu nowelizacji ustawy o ochronie zdrowia psychicznego z punktu widzenia sytuacji pacjentów z zaburzeniami psychicznymi. Z uwagi na charakter proponowanych rozwiązań, a także krytykę obowiązującego prawa autorka podejmuje polemikę ze stanowiskiem prezentowanym przez twórców projektu, a także proponuje postulaty de lege ferenda. Całość rozważań zwieńczona jest podsumowaniem, w którym autorka zwraca uwagę na brak językowej precyzji ze strony projektodawców, która może przyczynić się do ograniczania praw i wolności pacjentów z zaburzeniami psychicznymi.
Źródło:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2023, 21, 2; 223-239
2658-1922
Pojawia się w:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Używanie przymusu wobec osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi - kolizja ustaw
Constraints Applied to Persons with Mental Disorders – Conflicting Legal Acts
Autorzy:
Kubiak, Rafał
Berent, Jarosław
Smędra, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143264.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-04
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
zdrowie psychiczne
przymus bezpośredni
zaburzenia psychiczne
zasada proporcjonalności
funkcjonariusz publiczny
mental
direct constraint
mental disorders
principle of proportionality
oficer
Opis:
Kolizja przepisów ustawy o środkach przymusu bezpośredniego i broni palnej oraz ustawy o ochronie zdrowia psychicznego prowadzi do możliwości kwestionowania legalności działań Policji wobec osób z zaburzeniami psychicznymi. Taka sytuacja jest niedopuszczalna i wymaga zmian legislacyjnych. Nie do pomyślenia jest bowiem, aby policjant nie miał wskazanego jasnego sposobu postępowania, a kontrola jego działań została oparta na niejednoznacznych przepisach w tym obszarze.
In democratic states of law, personal freedom is legally protected, and in Poland it is guaranteed in the constitution. Limitations on freedom are allowed only in exceptional cases, when it necessary to protect other valuable interests. Limitations can be justified on the basis of the need to protect safety or public order, health or freedom, and the rights of other persons. A collision between freedom and such interests can occur in the case of dangerous behaviours of persons with mental disorders. That is why the Polish legislator has introduced legal norms that allow for interference in such a situation. The issue is discussed in the act on the protection of mental health which in Articles 18–18f regulates the binding procedures and the competence of persons who apply constraints. However, the act on direct coercive measures and firearms is binding for officers of the police and other services, which provides for different coercive measures and sets forth the rules for their application. Therefore a collision occurs between these two acts of law. In their article, the authors present the colliding areas and propose ways to solve the issues stemming from these collisions. The possibility for an officer to refer to the state of necessity has been also discussed.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2022, 67, 2 (403); 8-21
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niedokończona psychoza Witolda Gombrowicza
Witold Gombrowicz’s Truncated Psychosis
Autorzy:
Potkański, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2129192.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-12
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Witold Gombrowicz
zaburzenia psychiczne
psychoanaliza
mental disorders
psychoanalysis
Opis:
Artykuł rozważa psychoanalityczne konsekwencje przemycanych przez Witolda Gombrowicza w tekstach wspomnieniowych sugestii, jakoby był dziedzicznie (ze strony matki) obciążony zaburzeniami psychicznymi i odnajdywał ich symptomy w stylu swojego zachowania oraz niektórych epizodach biografii. Gombrowicz zatrzymuje się w tej kwestii na progu szczerości sensu stricto − niby porusza temat, ale nie akcentuje go na tyle, aby sprawa dostatecznie wybrzmiała w recepcji jego twórczości, mimo częstego odwoływania się gombrowiczologów do biografii pisarza.  Dyskrecja badaczy w tej kwestii kontrastuje z intensywną eksploatacją wątku pozanormatywnej seksualności Gombrowicza, co stanowi asumpt do pytania o kulturowy sens radykalnej różnicy we współczesnym traktowaniu dwóch niegdyś równie wstydliwych „przypadłości” – odmienności psychicznej i seksualnej.
The article discusses psychoanalytic consequences of implications that Witold Gombrowicz smuggled into his memoirs that he supposedly suffered from hereditary (on the maternal side of the family) mental disorders and whose symptoms he was able to recognise in the manner of his behaviour as well as in certain biographical episodes. Gombrowicz stops short of being fully transparent in this matter − he touches the subject somewhat but does not accentuate it clearly enough to make it reverberate in his work and thus does not make the readers  sensitive enough to become aware of this particular matter, and this is despite the fact that the scholars often refer to Gombrowicz’s biography. Scholars’ restraint in this regard remains in contrast with their intensive exploration of Gombrowicz’s non-normative sexuality. This raises the question of the meaning of this radical dichotomy in the current perception of the two ‘conditions’ − sexual and psychical difference, which were once considered equally shameful.
Źródło:
Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo; 2022, 12 (15); 387-401
2084-6045
2658-2503
Pojawia się w:
Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Płeć społeczno-kulturowa i zdrowie psychiczne w perspektywie refleksyjnej nowoczesności
Gender and Mental Health in a Society of Reflexive Modernity
Autorzy:
Frąckowiak-Sochańska, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985849.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-03-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
reflexive modernity
socio-cultural change
socially constructed categories
gender
mental health
mental diseases
mental disorders
refleksyjna nowoczesność
zmiana społeczno-kulurowa
kategorie konstruowane społecznie
płeć społeczno-kulturowa
zdrowie psychiczne
choroby psychiczne
zaburzenia psychiczne
Opis:
One of the main traits of a society of reflexive modernity is the critical analysis of categories that in the past appeared unquestionable. Socio-cultural gender and health or illness/mental disorders are categories of this type. Above all, they are socially constructed, that is, they are dependent on culture and on political, economic, and religious factors. The author undertakes to analyse the relations between the diagnostic criteria used in the international system of classifying mental diseases (DSM-IV and ICD-10) and traditional schemas of masculinity and femininity. Confirmation of the incidence of particular diseases in connection with gender is the author’s entry point for seeking answers to why individuals suffering from certain illnesses/mental disorders display behaviour corresponding to traditional gender roles, even though contemporary gender roles are fluid in many respects, and hypotheses about biological differences as causes of incidence of disease in men and women have not been empirically confirmed
Źródło:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo; 2014, 58, 1; 41-62
2300-195X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The relationship of music preferences and the selected risk-taking and autodestructive behaviour among teenage girls subject to inpatient stay due to mental condition – pilot study
Związek preferencji muzycznych z wybranymi zachowaniami ryzykownymi i autodestrukcyjnymi wśród nastoletnich dziewcząt hospitalizowanych psychiatrycznie – badanie wstępne
Autorzy:
Krajewska, Katarzyna
Florkowski, Antoni
Gmitrowicz, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Medical Communications
Tematy:
adolescents
attempted suicide
mental disorders
music
risk-taking behaviour
Opis:
During adolescence, related to the crisis of identity, attempts to separate from the family and rebellion against the reality result in the youth to be particularly susceptible to the impact of peers. Identification with the group is most often based on common interests, one of which being music. The aim of the pilot study was to assess the relationship of autodestructive and  antisocial behaviour and  music preferences of  girls subject to  inpatient stay due to  mental problems. Material and methods: Own questionnaire was used concerning music preferences, consisting of the following genres: metal, rock, pop, jazz, hip-hop, reggae, film music, sung poetry, electronic music. The studied group comprised of 26 girls diagnosed with mood disorders, neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, eating disorders and behavioural and emotional disorders according to ICD-10. Exclusion criteria were the remaining diagnostic categories, especially active psychotic process and mental retardation as well as lack of understanding of the questionnaire questions or not being familiar with basic types of music. Among the patients aged 13–18 subject to inpatient stay at the Department of Adolescent Psychiatry in Łódź in the period 2013–2014 and consented to the study, the incidence of attempted suicide, inflicting self-harm, alcohol abuse, taking psychoactive substances and the presence of antisocial disorders were assessed. Questionnaire verification was carried out in a group of 30 people tested with a test–retest method with a two-week break; reliability was obtained: 0.89–1. Analysis was carried out with the use of Statistica 9.1 programme. Results: Among the teenage girls subject to inpatient stay, music preferences were not related in a statistically significant manner (p > 0.05) with a greater incidence of attempted suicide, inflicting self-harm, alcohol abuse and contact with psychoactive substances, nor the psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions: Girls subject to inpatient stay at the mental ward most often preferred hip-hop. No significant relationship of the preference over a particular music genre and the number of autodestructive and risky behaviour was observed; only tendencies for more frequent selection of particular genres of music were visible.
W okresie dojrzewania, związanym z kryzysem tożsamości, próby separacji od rodziny i bunt przeciwko zastanej rzeczywistości powodują, że młodzież jest szczególnie podatna na wpływy grupy rówieśniczej. Identyfikacja z grupą bazuje najczęściej na wspólnych zainteresowaniach, a jednym z nich jest muzyka. Celem badania wstępnego była ocena związku zachowań autodestrukcyjnych i aspołecznych z preferencjami muzycznymi dziewcząt hospitalizowanych psychiatrycznie. Materiał i metody: Wykorzystano autorską ankietę dotyczącą preferencji muzycznych, która obejmowała następujące podstawowe gatunki: metal, rock, pop, jazz, hip-hop, reggae, blues, muzyka filmowa, poezja śpiewana, muzyka elektroniczna. Grupę badaną stanowiło 26 dziewcząt z diagnozą zaburzeń nastroju, zaburzeń nerwicowych, związanych ze stresem i pod postacią somatyczną, zaburzeń odżywiania oraz zaburzeń zachowania i emocji według ICD-10. Kryteriami wykluczenia były pozostałe kategorie diagnostyczne, a zwłaszcza aktywny proces psychotyczny i upośledzenie umysłowe, jak również brak rozumienia pytań zawartych w kwestionariuszu lub nieznajomość podstawowych gatunków muzycznych. U 13–18-letnich pacjentek, które były hospitalizowane w Klinice Psychiatrii Młodzieżowej w Łodzi w latach 2013–2014 i wyraziły zgodę na  badanie, oceniano występowanie prób samobójczych, dokonywanie samouszkodzeń, nadużywanie alkoholu, przyjmowanie substancji psychoaktywnych i obecność zaburzeń aspołecznych. Weryfikację kwestionariusza przeprowadzono w grupie 30 osób, które badano metodą test–retest w odstępie dwutygodniowym; uzyskano rzetelność 0,89–1. Analizę przeprowadzono za pomocą programu Statistica 9.1. Wyniki: Wśród hospitalizowanych nastolatek preferencje muzyczne nie wiązały się w sposób istotny statystycznie (p > 0,05) z większą częstością prób samobójczych, samouszkodzeń, nadużywania alkoholu i kontaktu z substancjami psychoaktywnymi ani z diagnozą psychiatryczną. Wnioski: Dziewczęta hospitalizowane psychiatrycznie najczęściej preferowały muzykę hip-hopową. Nie zaobserwowano istotnego związku między preferowaniem konkretnego gatunku muzycznego a większą liczbą zachowań autodestrukcyjnych i ryzykownych; widoczne były jedynie tendencje do częstszego wyboru określonych gatunków muzyki.
Źródło:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna; 2017, 17, 1; 35-46
1644-6313
2451-0645
Pojawia się w:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Psychiatric adverse effects of chloroquine
Psychiatryczne działania niepożądane chlorochiny
Autorzy:
Bogaczewicz, Anna
Sobów, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941276.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Medical Communications
Tematy:
adverse effects
antimalarial drugs
chloroquine
mental disorders
side effects
Opis:
Chloroquine is a prototype antimalarial drug, widely used in several branches of medicine. Antimalarial drugs are used in the treatment of various dermatological, immunological, rheumatological and infectious diseases. Examples of off-labelled indications for chloroquine analogues use include dermatomyositis, sarcoidosis, polymorphous light eruption, disseminated granuloma annulare and porfiria cutanea tarda. There is a relatively small number of adverse effects related to chloroquine analogues used in standard doses, such as gastrointestinal disturbances, headaches, skin reactions, hypotension, convulsions, extrapyramidal symptoms and visual disturbances. Psychiatric side effects of chloroquine seem to be rare, but may manifest in a wide range of symptoms, such as confusion, disorientation, ideas of persecution, agitation, outbursts of violence, loss of interest, feeling sad, suicidal ideas and impaired insight. There is also a report of a manic episode with psychotic features in the course of bipolar disorder, and another case report of persecutory delusions, anxiety, derealisation and visual illusions triggered by chloroquine. The duration of psychiatric symptoms usually ranges from one to two weeks, and symptoms usually disappear within several days following cessation of chloroquine usage and starting psychiatric treatment where indicated. This article reviews the case studies of patients diagnosed with mental disorders resulting from the use of chloroquine, and discusses the management in such cases.
Chlorochina jest prototypowym lekiem przeciwmalarycznym, szeroko stosowanym w kilku gałęziach medycyny. Leki przeciwmalaryczne wykorzystuje się w leczeniu różnych chorób dermatologicznych, immunologicznych, reumatologicznych i chorób zakaźnych. Przykłady pozarejestracyjnych wskazań użycia analogów chlorochiny obejmują zapalenie skórno- -mięśniowe, sarkoidozę, wielopostaciowe osutki świetlne, rozsiany ziarniniak obrączkowaty i porfirię skórną późną. W standardowych dawkach chlorochina powoduje stosunkowo niewielką liczbę działań niepożądanych, takich jak zaburzenia żołądkowo-jelitowe, bóle głowy, reakcje skórne, obniżone ciśnienie, drgawki, objawy pozapiramidowe i zaburzenia widzenia. Wydaje się, iż psychiatryczne objawy niepożądane chlorochiny występują rzadko, ale w szerokim zakresie możliwości – od splątania, dezorientacji, urojeń prześladowczych, pobudzenia i zachowań agresywnych po utratę zainteresowań, uczucie smutku, myśli samobójcze oraz zaburzenie wglądu. Istnieje również doniesienie, w którym opisuje się epizod manii z cechami psychotycznymi w przebiegu choroby afektywnej dwubiegunowej, a także opis przypadku z urojeniami prześladowczymi, niepokojem, derealizacją i iluzjami wzrokowymi wywołanymi zastosowaniem chlorochiny. Czas trwania objawów psychiatrycznych zazwyczaj zawiera się w przedziale od jednego do dwóch tygodni, a objawy zazwyczaj ustępują w ciągu kilku dni po zaprzestaniu przyjmowania chlorochiny oraz po włączeniu leczenia psychiatrycznego, jeżeli istnieją do tego wskazania. W artykule przedstawiono opisy przypadków pacjentów z rozpoznaniem zaburzeń psychicznych wynikających z zastosowania chlorochiny, a także przedstawiono zastosowane postępowanie w takich przypadkach.
Źródło:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna; 2017, 17, 2; 111-114
1644-6313
2451-0645
Pojawia się w:
Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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