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Tytuł:
Znaczenie urządzania lasu w trwale zrównoważonej gospodarce leśnej
Importance of forest planning in sustainable forest management
Autorzy:
Borecki, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012383.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
gospodarka zrownowazona
gospodarka lesna
znaczenie
plan urzadzania lasu
lesnictwo
urzadzanie lasu
forest management
forest planning
multifunctional forest management
forest management services
Opis:
Paper emphasises the positive impact of the forest management planning on the condition of Polish forests after World War II. Attention was drawn to the solutions in the forest law supporting sustainable forest management. General views on modern forest management planning of three distinguished scientists, specialists in forest ecosystem functioning, Aleksander Sokołowski, Eugeniusz Bernadzki and Andrzej Szujecki were presented.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2008, 152, 01; 9-14
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zasady kształtowania lasów ochronnych miast
Principles of management of urban protection forests
Autorzy:
Wołkowycki, Dan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/32083889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
forest management
protection forest
urban forestry
Opis:
The article discusses the project of good practices for the manager of the urban protection forest, i.e. a model and universal set of protection and management guidelines necessary for the proper shaping of forests in a city. The set of guidelines proposed as the Chart of the Urban Protection Forests includes: shaping multigenerational tree stands; a gradual and spread over time succession of tree generations; maintaining old-growth forests and biocenotic trees in the largest possible number, on the largest available area; the continuous presence of older and middle-aged trees in every part of the forest; resignation from clear-cutting in renewing of tree-stands; promoting and making full use of natural regeneration of tree-stands; passive protection of waterside and wetland forests; active protection of natural diversity as needed; shaping and reconstruction of tree-stands, especially in the habitats of pine and mixed forests; using sanitary pruning when necessary to maintain the durability of tree-stands; complete abandonment of plowing in forest regeneration; zoning; designation of restricted animal sanctuaries; participation and co-responsibility of the society. The introduction of the proposals contained in the Chart of the Urban Protection Forests, at least in part of the protection forests in the cities, could certainly contribute to increasing social acceptance for forest management and avoiding unnecessary conflicts around urban and suburban forests.
Źródło:
Lasy przyszłości. Wyzwania współczesnego leśnictwa; 157-174
9788367185462
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lasy ochronne wokół miast w zarządzie Regionalnej Dyrekcji Lasów Państwowych w Białymstoku
Protection forests around towns under the management of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Bialystok
Autorzy:
Kwiatkowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/31342641.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
forest management
protection forests
urban forests
Opis:
Forests in Poland cover about 30% of the country’s area; most of them are public forests managed by the State Forest National Forest Holding. Some of them have protection status in order to perform specific functions related to their location. One of the essential categories of protection forests is located within the administrative borders of towns and near areas with more than 50,000 inhabitants. Such areas are significant from the social point of view, and their primary function is to create proper space for the inhabitants’ leisure and biodiversity protection. However, management in forests around towns is increasingly controversial, which in the area of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Bialystok is manifested by more and more frequent conflict situations. In order to meet social expectations while effectively ensuring the continuity of the forests for future generations, a change in the way of forest management in and near cities is necessary. The key element is probably to develop a dialogue model with the local community to manage socially important forests efficiently and mitigate emerging social controversies.
Źródło:
Lasy przyszłości. Wyzwania współczesnego leśnictwa; 145-156
9788367185462
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of GPR surveys for assessment of trees condition in urbanized areas
Autorzy:
Mazurek, E.
Łyskowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
GPR
tree
EM wave
forest management
Opis:
Modern measuring equipment is sometimes used for applications, for which it has not been originally designed. For example Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), designed for subsurface structures analysis, can be used for tree tomography. Radar utilizes the phenomenon of propagation of the electromagnetic waves in a physical medium. Measurements can be carried out in situ, in a non-invasive manner on a living tree. Collected data allow for the tree condition determination. It is possible to detect voids and internal structure. Geophysical investigations can provide an estimation of the risk of falling of the trees. These methods also allow determination of the production quality of the tree by detecting knots inside the structure. Available literature shows only limited examples of the usage of other geophysical surveys, such as the ultrasound and geoelectrical method. However, in many cases these measurements are performed on samples in the form of profiles cut from the felled trees. Presented study was conducted on a set of 8 ash trees growing in the Krakow city parks. The measurement was carried out with high frequency antenna – 1600 MHz. Due to the lack of available literature and limited experience of the authors, only trees with known condition were tested. Despite many attempts, the authors were not able to developed a reliable measurement methodology which would allow for unambiguous classification and interpretation of results. In most cases, the results of the study permitted determination of the trees condition. However, some echograms, of the surveyed trees with visible voids pointed to a different tree state and misclassification. Despite that, the research results seem to be promising and the authors believe in the usefulness of the further development of measurement method along with its extension to other trees species.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2014, 40, 3; 291-296
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forests, forestry and space management in climate change scenarios
Autorzy:
Paschalis-Jakubowicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest
forestry
space management
climate change
scenario
rural development
forest resource
forest management
Opis:
The necessity to combine forest resource management with regional development is a social requirement. The halting of the forestry marginalization trend is the result, among other things, of the lack of strong links between forest management and local communities’ development, as well as the lack of a holistic approach to the space management principles. The paper analyses the causes and possibilities of solving forest, forestry and regional development problems.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forest development and conservation policy in Poland
Autorzy:
Szramka, Hubert
Adamowicz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest management
forestry policy
environmental protection
forestry protection
Opis:
Whilst, in many countries, the scale of forest loss from business-as-usual development is immense, in Poland, this problem does not exist. However, obtaining additional land areas for afforestation is a main issue in Poland. In Poland, after the World War II, the forest area has been systematically growing. In 1945, the forest area was about 6.5 million ha, and the forest cover was 21%. In 2016, the forest area reached 9.2 million ha, and forest cover amounted to 29.5%. Today, there are 0.24 ha of forests per one inhabitant of Poland. The size of wood resources in stands is also changing. In 1945, forest resources on the trunk amounted to approximately 906 million m3 , and in 2016, it reached 2.4 million m3. The problem, however, is the uneven distribution of forests in Poland. Forests in Poland are very strictly protected by law. There are two most important acts, Forest Act of 2001 and Nature Conservation Act of 2004, that regulate principles for the retention, protection and augmentation of forest resources. Over the past decades in Poland, the social demands regarding non-economical functions of forest such as recreational activities, soil and water protection and mitigation of global warming became an important and constantly growing challenge for forest managers. Thus we suggest that, first of all, it is very important to extract the leading function for a given forest area. Interactions between development and conservations policies are very tied and may suggest the need of their integration. In this article, we present the concept of development policy for forest management and forest protection in Poland.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 1; 31-38
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Classification of Financial Risks in Polish Modern Forestry
Autorzy:
Michalski, Krzysztof
Wieruszewski, Marek
Starosta-Grala, Monika
Adamowicz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323545.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:
risk
modern forestry
risk classification
risk management
forest management
Opis:
Modern forest management requires a well-founded knowledge and understanding of all the risks involved in forest management. It requires a wealth of information not only on natural hazards, but also related to the financial aspect of running a business. The most important activity in the risk management phase is to identify all the known risk areas, and on this basis, to determine the appropriate classification of risks accompanying the activities of the entity in question, taking into account the various categories of risk division. In forest management, the global risk of activities should be considered in terms of two main risks: operational risk (including natural and anthropogenic factors), and financial risk, which, in simple terms, is the consequence of decisions and economic processes in an entity's area of activity. Considering the impact of the production factors that affect the results of the activities carried out, it should be emphasized that forest management has a specific distribution of standard production factors. The forest stand plays the role of both a production resource and an object of production, and in the final analysis, represents a production effect. Any consideration of financial risk management in forest management should be carried out based on long-term analytical data series. Another factor for forests under state management is the various functions that forest management performs. Taking into account the ownership criterion cited earlier, it needs to be emphasized that the weighting of individual financial risks may vary depending on the ownership structure of forests in a given country and taking into account the ownership share of forests in the timber sales market. In conclusion, it was pointed out that, unlike other industries, financial risk management in forest holdings can be disrupted by the function of forests, as well as the strong influence in the long term of natural phenomena that have a significant impact on determining the types and ordering the degree of significance of individual risks in the process of identifying them.
Źródło:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2023, 66, 212; Art. no. 17742
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forest management as an element of environment development
Gospodarka leśna jako element kształtowania środowiska
Autorzy:
Jaszczak, R.
Gołojuch, P.
Wajchman-Świtalska, S.
Miotke, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/396118.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
forest management
sustainable forest management
afforestation
cutting methods
regeneration
urban forest
gospodarka leśna
zrównoważona gospodarka leśna
zalesienia
rębnie
odnowienia
lasy miejskie
Opis:
The implementation of goals of modern forestry requires a simultaneous consideration of sustainable development of forests, protection, needs of the environment development, as well as maintaining a balance between functions of forests. In the current multifunctional forest model, rational forest management assumes all of its tasks as equally important. Moreover, its effects are important factors in the nature and environment protection. The paper presents legal conditions related to the definitions of forest management concepts and sustainable forest management. Authors present a historical outline of human’s impact on the forest and its consequences for the environment. The selected aspects of forest management (eg. forest utilization, afforestation, tourism and recreation) and their role in the forest environment have been discussed.
Realizacja celów postawionych współczesnemu leśnictwu wymaga jednoczesnego uwzględniania trwałego i zrównoważonego rozwoju lasów, potrzeb ochrony i kształtowania środowiska oraz zachowaniu równowagi w zakresie pełnionych przez lasy funkcji. W obowiązującym modelu lasu wielofunkcyjnego racjonalna gospodarka leśna uwzględniać ma wszystkie postawione jej zadania jako równorzędnie ważne, a jej efekty są ważnym czynnikiem ochrony przyrody i środowiska. W pracy przedstawiono związane z tym uwarunkowania prawne. Przypomniany został rys historyczny wpływu człowieka na las i jego konsekwencje dla środowiska. Przybliżono problem istnienia lasu jako składnika infrastruktury przestrzennej. Omówiono wybrane aspekty gospodarki leśnej i ich znaczenie dla środowiska leśnego.
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2017, No. 27(4); 17-27
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainable forest management in Poland - theory and practice
Autorzy:
Kruk, H.
Kornatowska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38596.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
sustainable development
forest function
forestry
forest management
Polska
theory
practice
Opis:
The conception of sustainable development has been implemented into practice in numerous economic sectors, including forestry. Forest ecosystems are extremely important in the global ecological system, therefore maintenance and appropriate management of forest resources according to sustainable development principles have engaged a great deal of attention. The concept of sustainable forest management (SFM) encompasses three dimensions: ecological, economic and social. A powerful tool to promote SFM are criteria and indicators. The aim of the article was evaluation of SFM in Poland, using one of the methods proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). According to data available, Polish forestry has a number of advantages: Poland has avoided the problem of deforestation, forest area has been permanently increasing, there has been observed improvement of forest health and vitality as well as a significant share of forests has carried out protective functions with no impact on timber production. Poland’s model of SFM is an adaptive process of balancing the ever-changing set of economic, environmental and social expectations. Such a complicated undertaking requires constant assessing and adjusting forest practices, in response to new circumstances, scientific advances and societal input.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2014, 56, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forest Economy Versus Sustainable Development
Autorzy:
Falencka-Jabłońska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/123416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
Promotional Forest Complexes
Natura 2000 Areas
sustainable development
forest management
Opis:
2017 marks the 30 years since the The World Commission on Environment and Development has published the Brundtland report “Our common future”. The documents of III Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe and the notations of 1.2 resolution adopted in Lisbon have obliged Poland to run forest management according to the rules of lasting and sustainable development. The forest economy was based on a multi-use forest model with special attention devoted to its environment-creating and social role. The actions which confirmed the introduction of rules of sustainable development into forest practice included: creating 19 Promotional Forest Complexes, systematic increase of afforestation and number of reserves. Designation of Natura 2000 areas in Poland within European Network of Protected Sites was also a very important element. Amongst those areas, as much as 39% are forest ecosystems.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 6; 30-35
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of forest clear cuts on plant–pollinator interactions: the case of three ericaceous subshrubs in Lithuanian pine forests
Wpływ zrębów zupełnych na interakcje roślina–zapylacz: przypadek trzech krzewinek z rodziny wrzosowatych w litewskich borach sosnowych
Autorzy:
Daubaras, Remigijus
Cesoniene, Laima
Zych, Marcin
Tamutis, Vytautas
Stakėnas, Vidas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1631308.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
biodiversity
boreal forest
Calluna
Ericaceae
forest management
Pinus
sylvestris
pollination
Vaccinium
Opis:
Managed boreal pine forests are subject to regular clear cuts causing significant disturbances to these ecosystems. It is believed that, to some extent, they resemble natural cycles of forest growth, decline, and regeneration and can benefit, e.g., mutualistic relations among plants and pollinators. To study the impact of forest management (clear cuts) on pollinator visitation, we focused on three ericaceous plant species, Vaccinium myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea, and Calluna vulgaris, common elements of pine forest understory. Our observations, conducted in Lithuania, showed that there are no differences among control mature stands and clear cut areas in terms of visitation frequency for all three studied species. However, at least for C. vulgaris, a shift toward fly visits was observed in the clear cut site, showing that open areas are preferred habitats for these insects. Ants constituted an important share of visitors to flowers of V. myrtillus and C. vulgaris, suggesting their important role in reproduction of these plant species.
Gospodarcze drzewostany sosnowe strefy borealnej są obiektem częstych zabiegów leśnych, m.in. zrębów zupełnych, powodujących znaczące zaburzenia w tych ekosystemach. Sądzi się, że do pewnego stopnia zabiegi takie przypominają naturalne cykle wzrostu, rozpadu i regeneracji lasu i mogą pozytywnie wpływać na przykład na mutualistyczne związki pomiędzy roślinami i ich zapylaczami. Aby zbadać wpływ gospodarki leśnej (zrębów zupełnych) na odwiedziny zapylaczy skupiliśmy się na trzech gatunkach krzewinek z rodziny wrzosowatych: Vaccinium myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea i Calluna vulgaris, będących częstymi składnikami runa borów sosnowych. Nasze obserwacje, prowadzone na Litwie, generalnie nie wykazały istotnych różnic w zakresie częstości wizyt owadów na kwiatach trzech badanych gatunków roślin w obu siedliskach: dojrzałym lesie i zrębach. W przypadku C. vulgaris na siedlisku zrębowym zanotowano jednak wzrost liczebności muchówek, co może wskazywać na preferencje tych owadów w stosunku do terenów otwartych. Istotna część odwiedzin na kwiatach V. myrtillus i C. vulgaris dokonywana była przez mrówki, co sugeruje, że owady te mogą mieć wpływ na reprodukcję badanych roślin.
Źródło:
Acta Agrobotanica; 2017, 70, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrobotanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial structure of managed beech-dominated forest: applicability of nearest neighbors indices
Autorzy:
Szmyt, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
spatial structure
beech forest
forest
applicability
nearest-neighbor index
Fagus sylvatica
forest management
Opis:
High structural diversity is often attributed to old-growth forests, usually established naturally and unmanaged. Forest diversity should be considered not only in terms of species diversity and richness but also the variation in trees dimension and their spatial distribution have to be taken into consideration. The main goal of this paper was the answer if nearest neighbor indices are suitable for spatial forest structure description. To answer this question results obtained from 3 managed beech-dominated forests from natural regeneration are presented and discussed. The following indices were calculated: Clark-Evans aggregation index (R), DBH and height differentiation indices (TD and TH, respectively) and mingling index (DM) analyzing horizontal and vertical spatial structure of the forest. Results indicated that managed beech forests demonstrated rather homogenous spatial structure in both aspects. Living trees as well as future crop trees were mostly regularly distributed. Spatial variation in DBH and height between living nearest neighbors was rather low. The lowest variation in sizes was demonstrated by future crop trees. Mature beech forests revealed single species structure and other tree species – if present – were spatially segregated from beech. It can be supposed that high homogeneity structure of these forests results from biological characteristics of this species as well as thinning treatments conducted by foresters.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2012, 68
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cele polityki ekologicznej Polski i Unii Europejskiej z uwzględnieniem gospodarki leśnej
The goals of Polish Ecological Policy in the European Union including forest Management
Autorzy:
Krajewska, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1817950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
ekologia
gospodarka leśna
Unia Europejska
ecology
forest management
European Union
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2006, 4, 1; 259-279
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola lasów w polityce klimatycznej
The role of forests in climate change policy
Autorzy:
Gwiazdowicz, Mirosław
Kowalczewski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
forests
LULUCF
REDD+
deforestation
reforestation
forest management
biomass
CO2
Opis:
This article describes the role of forests in climate change policy. It examines the inclusion of the forestry sector into the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol, focusing mainly on two concepts currently being developed in international debates: LULUCF (Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry) and REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation). In addition to providing an overview and analysis of these concepts, the article also outlines their potential consequences for forests in Poland and reviews the EU actions to include the forestry sector into European climate policy. Finally, some issues related to forest use for carbon offsetting and energy generation are discussed as well.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2012, 1(29); 55-83
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Naturalne i sztuczne zagrożenia lasów w Nadleśnictwie Ujsoły
Natural and artificial threats of forests in the Ujsoły Forest District
Autorzy:
Bednarz, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29433626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
drzewostany
gospodarka leśna
las
Nadleśnictwo Ujsoły
zagrożenia leśne
stands
forest management
forest
Ujsoły Forest District
forest threats
Opis:
Praca zawiera przegląd czynników wpływających na obumieranie drzewostanów w Nadleśnictwie Ujsoły oraz przedstawia sposoby walki z tymi czynnikami, podejmowane przez Nadleśnictwo. Wykazano, że istnieją zagrożenia naturalne i sztuczne, które negatywnie wpływają na stan zdrowotny lasów w Nadleśnictwie Ujsoły. Do ich oceny wykorzystano dostępne materiały z tego Nadleśnictwa, wyniki wywiadu z jego pracownikami oraz informacje ankietowe uzyskane od miejscowej ludności, a także własne terenowe obserwacje. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że najbardziej negatywny wpływ na stan zdrowotny lasów Nadleśnictwa Ujsoły mają owady, głównie kornik drukarz. Szkodnikami są grzyby, zwierzęta, a także niektóre czynniki klimatyczne. Ich unieszkodliwienie jest trudne, ale może je osłabić prawidłowo prowadzona gospodarki leśna zarówno przez nadleśnictwo, jak i prywatnych właścicieli lasów.
This article includes an overview of factors affecting the decay of forest in the Ujsoły Forest District and presents ways to combat these factors, carried out by the Forest District. It was shown that there are natural and artificial hazards that have a negative impact on the health condition of forests in the Ujsoły Forest District. Their evaluation was based on the materials made available by the Forest Inspectorate, the results of the interview with its employees and survey information obtained from the local population, as well as own field observations. The research shows that the most negative impact on the health condition of forests in the Ujsoły Forest District are insects, mainly spruce bark beetle. Pests are fungi, animals, as well as some climatic factors. Their disposal is difficult, but it can be weakened by properly managed forest management by both the forest inspectorate and private forest owners.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica; 2021, 17; 44-63
2084-5456
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 63

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