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    Tytuł:
    Ligninolityczne właściwości izolatów Heterobasidion parviporum w hodowli na drewnie świerka
    Ligninolytic activity of Heterobasidion parviporum isolates in cultivation on Norway spruce wood
    Autorzy:
    Żółciak, A.
    Bohacz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989467.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    grzyby
    Heterobasidion parviporum
    izolaty grzybowe
    aktywnosc lignolityczna
    enzymy lignolityczne
    lakaza
    peroksydaza manganozalezna
    peroksydaza ligninowa
    peroksydaza "versatile"
    rozklad drewna
    drewno bielu
    drewno twardzieli
    drewno swierkowe
    biodegradacja
    laccase
    manganese peroxidase
    lignin peroxidase
    versatile peroxidase
    hydroxy−
    methoxyphenols
    sapwood
    heartwood
    norway spruce wood
    Opis:
    The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the activity of laccase, diverse peroxidases as well as the level of micromolecular compounds in Heterobasidion parviporum isolates grown on pieces of Norway spruce wood (sapwood and heartwood) during 50 days of incubation under the laboratory conditions. H. parviporum isolates secreted extracellular enzymes: laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase (LiP) and versatile peroxidase (VP). Hydroxy− and methoxyphenols were also released during this process. The above−mentioned enzymes showed low activity in mycelium grown on both sapwood and heartwood. The activity of laccase ranged from 0 to 0.513 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0 to 0.106 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. MnP activity of H. parviporum isolates ranged from 0.024 to 0.667 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0.038 to 1.585 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. LiP activity was small and ranged from 0 to 1.281 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0.013 to 0.166 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. Activity of VP oxidizing manganese ions was low. It ranged from 0 to 3.063 mU/mg protein on sapwood, and from 0.059 to 3.054 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. The activity of VP oxidizing guaiacol ranged from 0.006 to 1.490 mU/mg protein on sapwood and from 0.038 to 1.147 mU/mg protein – on heartwood. The hydroxyphenols produced by H. parviporum isolates ranged from 15.037 to 110.149 mg of protocatechuic acid/ml on sapwood, and from 11.236 to 27.220 mg of protocatechuic acid/ml – on heartwood. Methoxyphenols produced by H. parviporum isolates ranged from 3.393 to 24.253 mg of vanillic acid/ml on sapwood, and from 4.955 to 12.005 mg of vanillic acid/ml – on heartwood.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2016, 160, 12; 1027-1035
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mykobiota w obrębie strzał zamierających świerków w Leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym "Puszcza Białowieska" i jej ekologiczne funkcje
    Mycobiota in trunks of dying spruce trees in the 'Puszcza Bialowieska' Promotional Forest Complex and its ecological function
    Autorzy:
    Kowalski, T.
    Sowa, J.
    Łakomy, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985739.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    fitopatologia lesna
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    drzewa zamierajace
    strzaly drzew
    czynniki chorobotworcze
    grzyby mikroskopowe
    Ascomycota
    Basidiomycota
    lesne kompleksy promocyjne
    Lesny Kompleks Promocyjny Puszcza Bialowieska
    norway spruce
    dying trees
    blue stain
    ascomycota
    basidiomycota
    ophiostomatoid fungi
    wood rot
    Opis:
    The European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreak observed in the ‘Puszcza Białowieska’ Promotional Forest Complex since 2012 resulted in a total volume of 1.4 million m3 of dead trees in multiple spruce stands. The study aimed to assess the species composition of fungi occurring in spruce trunks at early stages of European spruce bark beetle attack. All the samples used in laboratory analyses were collected in 2016 and 2017 in Białowieża, Browsk, and Hajnówka forest districts. A total of 60 dying spruces selected at random were sampled providing 120 samples. Surface−sterilised samples were used in fungal isolations using malt extract agar medium. The resulting colonies were identified morphologically, additional molecular identification was carried out for representatives of morphotypes using ITS rDNA fragment. In addition to these analyses, the frequently occurring basidiomycete fungi on recently died spruce trees were identified based on the morphology of fruiting bodies. One of the most common symptoms observed on trunks of spruces at the early stages of dieback was the occurrence of sapstains starting from bark beetle galleries. In some trunks the stained wood sections were separated by rusty−red stripes. A total of 51 fungal species including 40 ascomycetes and 11 basidiomycetes were isolated from dying spruce trunks. The number of ascomycete species included 16 ophiostomatoid fungi (members of Ophiostomatales and Microascales). The frequently occurring species in this group were: Endoconidiophora polonica (=Ceratocystis polonica) (17.5%), Grosmannia penicillata (20.8%), Ophiostoma brunneolum (9.2%), O. piceae (5.8%) and O. abieticola (4.2%). Among other ascomycetes only three species were frequently isolated: Neonectria fuckeliana (15.0%), Clonostachys rosea (13.3%) and Cosmospora viridescens (9.2%). The rusty−red coloured areas harboured primarily Amylostereum areolatum and Stereum sanguinolentum. The most frequently detected basidiomycete fungus on trunks at the initial stages of dieback was Cylindrobasidium sp. (=Gloeocystidium ipidophilum), whereas Fomitopsis pinicola was the most frequent species on spruce trunks dead for some years, either standing or wind−snapped. We emphasise the potential role of the detected fungi in forest ecosystems of the Białowieża Forest, both as potential tree pathogens and decomposers of spruce debris remaining in the stand.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 06; 496-507
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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